CN102829678B - Staggered-phase damping type blasting method - Google Patents
Staggered-phase damping type blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102829678B CN102829678B CN2012102939513A CN201210293951A CN102829678B CN 102829678 B CN102829678 B CN 102829678B CN 2012102939513 A CN2012102939513 A CN 2012102939513A CN 201210293951 A CN201210293951 A CN 201210293951A CN 102829678 B CN102829678 B CN 102829678B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a staggered-phase damping type blasting method. The method includes the steps: determining a main vibration frequency of seismic waves through bursting tests; arranging blasting holes; setting an interval blasting time delta t of each electronic detonator to enable each main vibration and the next main vibration to be staggered in phase, then placing the electronic detonators into the corresponding blasting holes, wherein si refers to the distance from a protected building to the next blasting hole, sj refers to the distance from the protected building to the last blasting hole, delta ti refers to detonating delay of the next blasting hole, delta tj refers to detonating delay of the last blasting hole, and c refers to wave velocity; safety guarding; and detonating. The staggered-phase damping design is realized by means of delay precision of the electronic detonators to enable each main vibration and the next main vibration to be staggered in phase, and the superposition velocity peak of two-row waves is smaller than and equal to the velocity peak of a single-row wave. By means of wave superposition, interference of waves near the neighboring buildings needed to be protected can be weakened, and blasting vibration of the neighboring buildings needed to be protected can be further lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion, relate in particular to a kind of blasting method of misphase damping.
Background technology
Attenuation of seismic waves is the result of multiple row blast wave stack, when adopting millisecond delay electric detonator to detonate, because the restriction of detonator hop count, initiation net often is divided into several periods, stacked system to blast wave lacks control, several vibration velocity peak values often appear, to closing on the no small destruction of causing of building.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of blasting method of misphase damping, can protect preferably and close on building.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme: the blasting method of a kind of misphase damping of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, find the master oscillator frequenc of seismic wave by explosion bulge test;
B, layout big gun hole;
C, respectively interval burst time of each electric detonator is set
, make next main shaking and the last one main phase shifting that shakes
, above-mentioned
, then electric detonator is put into each corresponding big gun hole, s
iBe the distance of protected building to next big gun hole, s
jBe the distance of protected building to a last big gun hole, △ t
iBe the time-delay of detonating in next big gun hole, △ t
jBe the time-delay of detonating in a last big gun hole, c is velocity of wave;
D, Security alert;
E, detonate.
Blast wave is propagated in rock mass, because the high characteristic of the logical low filter of rock mass, the decay of high frequency blast wave is very fast, to the building influence bigger be blast wave below hundred hertz.According to the FIT theory, blast wave can think to have a series of monochromatic waves to synthesize, and then the wavelength of master oscillator frequenc is
λ
i = cT
i =c/ f
i= 2πc/ω
i （5.1）
C is velocity of wave in the formula, T
iBe the cycle of i train wave, f
iIt is the frequency of i train wave.And by the maximum delay distance that the delay time error that detonates causes be:
d=kc （5.2）
K is the delay precision that detonates in the formula.Then the maximum delay that is caused by the delay time error that detonates apart from the proportionate relationship with wavelength is
d/λ
i =kc/cT
i =kf
i （5.3）
The explanation of this ratio detonate maximum delay distance that delay time error causes for the kc of wavelength doubly, in fact represented the precision of our proof stress wave phase.When the rock precision of detonating of electric detonator was 1ms, to the blast wave below the 100Hz, this was worth less than 1/10th of wavelength.
If protected building is s to the distance in each big gun hole
i, then the blast wave that causes of each big gun hole arrives the time of protected building and is
△ t in the formula
iThe time-delay of detonating in this big gun hole.Then the blast wave that causes of adjacent two big gun holes arrives the time interval of protected building and is
Wherein,
Can calculate △ t
i-△ t
jCan regulate by the explosion design.
According to
Two row vibration wave stack result as can be known, if δ t exists
The velocity peak values of two train waves stack is smaller or equal to single-row wave propagation velocity peak value in the scope.Because it is very fast that attenuation of seismic waves decays in geologic body, can not consider through one-period.Therefore, get k=0 in the engineering, namely
, with the phase place expression then be
, this interval is misphase vibration damping interval.When
The time, be the paraphase point, damping efficiency is best.Utilize electric detonator can realize the purpose of misphase or paraphase vibration damping easily.
Engineering is given an example, and certain subway station superincumbent stratum thickness is 8～10m, is mainly mud stone and half weathered sandstone, nearly 700 m of maximum excavated section
2, building to be protected is many on every side, to the horizontal range of nearest building 3m only.Checking computations and early stage field trial explanation employing millisecond delay cap detonate and can not satisfy the requirement of vibration safety and project benefit repeatedly.Therefore adopt " No. 1, grand core " digital electric detonator to carry out microseism explosion design, whole section divides 9 step excavations, drilling depth 2m, about 110 of each Loose Blasting hole, the about 120kg of use emulsion, whole process is carried out Blast Vibration Monitoring, and the test of wall rock loosening scope is carried out in sampling.For comparative analysis, provided millisecond delay cap blasting effect test result under the approximate condition simultaneously.
The blasting vibration test macro is made up of TC4850 blasting vibration recorder, TT-3A type vibrating speed sensors, computer, printer.Test point is chosen in the face of land directly over the tunnel, apart from the direction of propulsion of face 0～100.0m, arrange 8 measuring points altogether.Fig. 1 is the testing result figure that adopts a kind of embodiment of blasting method of misphase damping of the present invention; Fig. 2 be adopt millisecond delay cap detonate a kind of embodiment testing result figure.
Analysis chart 1 and Fig. 2 be as can be seen: when adopting millisecond delay cap to detonate, corresponding snubber, reliever, periphery hole explosion, three velocity peak values have appearred on the vibrorecord, maximum is 5.9cm/s, surpassed " shotfiring safety rules " restriction, the about 0.8s of vibration duration, the main frequency domain that shakes is 15～45Hz.When adopting electronic detonator blasting, the most about 2 cm/s of velocity peak values appear at vibration beginning and the finish time respectively, and most of vibration constantly obviously reduces, the about 1.3s of vibration duration, and the main frequency domain that shakes is 10～60Hz.Comparative result shows: adopt electric detonator to detonate, particle vibration velocity peak value has reduced by 2/3, and reason is: (1) particle vibration energy is distributed on the wideer time-domain and frequency domain, so peak value can descend to some extent; (2) the misphase stack of blast wave occurred, made most of vibration velocity peak value constantly be lower than the vibration velocity peak value that individual shot causes.
The vertical vibrating velocity peak value of measuring on the face of land is with the propagation attenuation rule of distance; when electric detonator detonates as can be seen; vibration velocity peak value when the vibration velocity peak value is lower than millisecond delay cap always and detonates can obviously reduce blasting vibration by misphase damping design to protected point.
Wall rock loosening ring utilizes the RSM-SYS5 ultrasonic wave detector, and the test aperture is 50mm, hole depth 4m, and the measurement sample frequency is 150KHz.Under water-filled situation, probe progressively moves to the aperture at the bottom of the hole, and every 20cm measures once.
As can be seen: the velocity of sound is lower near cavern's wall, illustrates that the rock mass damage is serious.When adopting millisecond delay cap to detonate, in the position of hole depth 2～2.6m, SVEL rises and changes comparatively fast, and regional stability illustrates that this place is blast wave disturbance infringement interface afterwards.When adopting electric detonator to detonate, the SVEL variation tendency is presented at the position of hole depth 1.2m～1.6m and is the interface of blast wave disturbance infringement.When adopting electric detonator to detonate, the reason that wall rock loosening ring significantly reduces is: except periphery hole, thoroughly realized single hole Dan Xiang, thereby reduced neat quick-fried explosive charge, reduced the infringement to the country rock body; In addition, utilize effective stack of static stress field, the explosive specific charge when having reduced the periphery hole explosion also makes the damage of country rock body reduce.
For a person skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from structure of the present invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these can not influence effect of the invention process and practical applicability.
Claims (1)
1. the blasting method of a misphase damping may further comprise the steps:
A, find the master oscillator frequenc of seismic wave by explosion bulge test;
B, layout big gun hole;
C, respectively interval burst time of each electric detonator is set;
D, Security alert;
E, detonate;
It is characterized in that: interval burst time among the step c wherein
, make next main shaking and the last one main phase shifting that shakes
, then electric detonator is put into each corresponding big gun hole, wherein, above-mentioned
,
Be the distance of protected building to next big gun hole,
Be the distance of protected building to a last big gun hole,
Be the time-delay of detonating in next big gun hole,
Be the time-delay of detonating in a last big gun hole,
Be velocity of wave.
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| CN103398637B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-07-15 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Mean-peak micro-quake fine control blasting construction method using high-precision digital electronic detonators |
| CN107328328A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-07 | 徐州雷鸣民爆器材有限公司 | The blasting method of steel construction |
| CN110032823B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-02-09 | 北京理工大学 | Method for evaluating explosive damage area of explosive-invading warhead |
| CN110487136B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-12-03 | 贵州大学 | Step blasting millisecond delay suppression and vibration reduction method based on frequency spectrum superposition |
| CN110779404A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Blasting method for improving vibration frequency of shaft blasting |
| CN111351409A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-30 | 南阳市神威爆破工程有限公司 | Blasting vibration reduction method |
| CN112034006B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2024-03-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Precise delay control blasting delay parameter design method based on multi-target control |
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