CN104634198B - Close on controlled blasting construction method in the massif excavation of highway limit - Google Patents
Close on controlled blasting construction method in the massif excavation of highway limit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Close on controlled blasting construction method in the massif excavation of highway limit and relate to controlled blasting construction method。Principally for solving current blasting method it cannot be guaranteed that the problem of highway and common road and massif periphery cottage safety and invent。Concrete construction method: massif thawing settlement adopts step long-hole blasting, side slope adopts presplit blasting and photoface exploision, and high-risk excavation section adopts step shallow blasting, and at blast area covering gun quilt；Sequence of construction is as follows: make protection framed bent closing on existing highway side before construction, and framed bent height is that explosion mountain height adds 2m, and framed bent and massif are implanted into anchor pole and are connected firmly。Blast working order: circuit is longitudinally pressed blasting circuit length and arranged, and first carries out massif slot grooving in backer side, then carries out near roadside massif excavation construction again, and groove depth is massif free face Blasting height 2 times。Massif is from top to bottom, construct from inside to outside successively。Advantage is to protect highway, common road and periphery cottage safety。
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to controlled blasting construction method field, be specifically related to and close on the construction method of controlled blasting in highway, existing highway limit massif excavation。
Background technology:
Controlled blasting is referred to and is strictly controlled explosion energy and blasting scale by certain technical measures, makes the scattered scope blasting method within prescribed limit of collapsing of the sound of explosion, vibrations, slungshot, toppling direction, destroyed area and broken thing。
Along with the development that state-owned railroads are built, particularly increasing in the existing situation closing on the new rail track of the highway of massif, existing near Highway construction, sometimes there is also the situation that because of the especially big existing common road of bridge pier bit stealing, existing common road is changed shifting, and described especially big bridge pier position is positioned near highway and massif。In the case during design blasting scheme; the operation security of highway and common road should be protected; protect the safety of massif periphery cottage again; therefore must accomplish claimed below when being controlled explosion design: the scope that 1. controlled blasting destroys; explosion is needed destroyed, broken position by explosion object, retains the integrity of remainder；2. the toppling direction of rock mass and collapse range after explosion；The distance of dispersing of the slungshot 3. produced during controlled blasting is not to affect highway and building safety for target；The intensity of 4. air blast intensity of wave and noise；5. the vibrations caused by controlled blasting and the vibration influence to nearby buildings (highway bridge, house) thereof, also referred to as blasting vibration effect；6. dust。So special geographical environment can be used in currently without ripe Controlled blasting technique。Therefore be badly in need of research a kind of in closing on highway limit massif excavation the construction method of controlled blasting solve to protect the operation security of highway and common road, the problem of the safety of protection periphery cottage again。
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of operation security that can protect highway and common road, and that can protect again periphery cottage safety closes on controlled blasting construction method in the massif excavation of highway limit。
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved in that
Close on controlled blasting construction method in highway, existing highway limit massif excavation as follows:
Massif thawing settlement explosion adopts step deep hole (5.3 meters) explosion, and side slope adopts presplit blasting and photoface exploision, and high-risk excavation section adopts step shallow bore hole (about 1 meter) explosion, and at blast area covering gun quilt；
Concrete blast working order is as follows:
(1), according to arrangement and method for construction, protection framed bent is made closing on existing highway side before site operation, framed bent is made up of steel pipe and bamboo springboard, framed bent height is that explosion mountain height adds 2m, framed bent is set up with the massif gradient, the anchor pole being implanted into massif is connected firmly, and during protection explosion, finger stone falls on highway。
(2), the blast working order overall principle is: circuit longitudinally arranges by blasting circuit length and duration, divides varying number work surface (being advisable with 100 meters of length) for a work surface；Namely massif slot grooving is first carried out in backer side, then carry out near roadside massif excavation construction again, groove depth (5m) is advisable with massif free face Blasting height about 2 times, can effectively control to close on roadside massif rock mass landing direction when explosion, avoid stone to fall on highway, affect traffic safety。
(3), massif order by number, from top to bottom, construct successively from inside to outside, during every about 5m height of excavation downwards, outside massif, bamboo raft frame is along with dismounting, is excavated to designed elevation to massif, and protection framed bent is also removed complete。
Firing order: pre-ceasma all adopts superquick action, and detonates with No. 1 hole simultaneously；Main blast hole adopts oblique initiation, it is ensured that single hop battering charge is 3.9kg, and blasting direction is oblique Permanent Slope simultaneously, to guarantee that flying avalanche direction is for deviating from highway direction。
Platform blasting parameters is as follows:
1. shoulder height: adopt 5m height step。
2. minimum burden: controlled blasting needs many perforatings, few powder charge, so selecting island operation, reaches the purpose of dispersion powder charge。Each platform slope excavating is at a right angle, is parallel to vertical direction。Employing minimum burden is 1m。
3. bore diameter: bore diameter is determined according to equipment capability, explosive specification etc.。Emulsion specification is Φ 35,200g, 210mm, so bore diameter selects Φ 42mm。
4. hole depth: for vertical holes, hole depth adds ultra-deep equal to shoulder height, and shoulder height 5m, ultra-deep 0.3m, then hole depth is set to 5.3m。
5. ultra-deep: because of funneling effect bottom big gun hole, makes big gun hole tend not to be utilized completely, is namely leaving optical fundus at the bottom of hole, make final excavation height not meet design requirement。So often designing certain ultra-deep, the degree of depth is generally the 5-10% of big gun hole length, and 0.3m ultra-deep is selected in this construction。
6. explosive specific charge: the size according to rock consolidating coefficient f, and the requirement etc. of standing obtains explosive specific charge q and should be less than 0.3kg/m3, explosive specific charge is 0.26kg/m3。
7. space array pitch: space array pitch be equal to minimum resistance line length, therefore spacing, array pitch equal be all 1m。
8. stemming length: for reaching best demolition effect, stemming plug for seal need to be used in aperture, and stemming length is not less than the 20% of hole depth, is namely not less than 1m。For control of flyrock, construction adopts and strengthens interval short-delay blasting measure in stemming length and hole, and stemming length is set to 1.5m。
9. charge constitution: the main blast hole minimum burden principle according to explosion, in order to control vibrations and slungshot, in powder charge, adopts spaced loading in hole, dispersion to detonate, and divides upper and lower two sections, get on, get off。Bulk occur in order to prevent aperture stemming length long, in the middle part of blocking section, namely distance 0.5m position, aperture adds 0.1kg explosive, detonates with epimere in hole simultaneously。For reducing the impact of Stability for High Slope, the special layout one pre-ceasma of row, pitch-row 0.4m, 1:1.25 is compared on slope。Pre-ceasma is parallel to domatic layout, and its charge constitution, for not couple underground borehole blasting, namely places 2 joint explosives at the bottom of hole, intermediate air interval, aperture stemming blocks。
10. initiation net design:
In order to reduce vibrations and air-shock wave, adopting millisecond short delay blasting between hole, every section of explosive payload is 3.9kg, and wherein explosive is No. 2 rock ammonium nitrate emulsions, and specification is Φ 35mmx210mm, often joint weight 0.2kg。Delay detonator adopts on-electric detonator with detonator payment to a porter, is connected by adhesive plaster and adapter between detonator。Between row, short-delay time interval should move equal or close to the quick-fried body that is subject to making front-seat medicated bag undertake; the time that the free face of heel row medicated bag explosion has been formed; it is simultaneously greater than or is separated the time equal to what the blasting vibration master that adjacent charge detonation can be made to cause shook; so that front and rear row medicated bag attenuation of seismic waves propagates not superposition during to protection, thus reaching the purpose of shock dropping。According to engineering experience and result of study, generally taking 50-100ms and be advisable, this construction adopts 50ms。
Maximum charge in one delay time checks:
According to formula Qmax=R3(VKP/k)3A, wherein QmaxMaximum charge in one delay time, kg；R is Bao Yuan center to monitoring point distance, and the design minimum range adopts 20m；VKPFor protected structures blasting vibration Safety and allowable standard, the design takes 3cm/s；K, a are and blow-up point extremely calculates the attenuation quotient that the landform between point, geological conditions, blasting method etc. are relevant, and k presses on medium-hard rock 200 basis, it is considered to orographic factor decay 50%, finally takes 100, a and takes 1.5, calculates Qmax=7.2kg。The design maximum charge in one delay time 3.9kg, less than Qmax, meet and protect requirement at a high speed。
It is an advantage of the invention that the operation security that can protect highway and common road; periphery cottage safety can be protected again; can scope that effectively controlled blasting destroys, an explosion is needed destroyed, broken position by explosion object, retains the integrity of remainder；After explosion, the toppling direction of rock mass and collapse range are controlled；The distance of dispersing of the slungshot produced during explosion does not affect highway and building safety。
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is in blasting network figure, the figure in the present invention 1 to be main blast hole, and 2 is pre-ceasma。
Fig. 2 is the firing order figure in the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention:
Close on controlled blasting construction method in highway, existing highway limit massif excavation as follows:
Massif thawing settlement explosion adopts step deep hole (5.3 meters) explosion, and side slope adopts presplit blasting and photoface exploision, and high-risk excavation section adopts step shallow bore hole (about 1 meter) explosion, and at blast area covering gun quilt；
Concrete blast working order is as follows:
(1), according to arrangement and method for construction, protection framed bent is made closing on existing highway side before site operation, framed bent is made up of steel pipe and bamboo springboard, framed bent height is that explosion mountain height adds 2m, framed bent is set up with the massif gradient, the anchor pole being implanted into massif is connected firmly, and during protection explosion, finger stone falls on highway。
(2), the blast working order overall principle is: circuit longitudinally arranges by blasting circuit length and duration, divide varying number work surface (being advisable with 100 meters of length) for a work surface, namely massif slot grooving is first carried out in backer side, then carry out near roadside massif excavation construction again, groove depth (5m) is advisable with massif free face Blasting height about 2 times, can effectively control to close on roadside massif rock mass landing direction when explosion, avoid stone to fall on highway, affect traffic safety。
(3), massif order by number, from top to bottom, construct successively from inside to outside, during every about 5m height of excavation downwards, outside massif, bamboo raft frame is along with dismounting, is excavated to designed elevation to massif, and protection framed bent is also removed complete。
Firing order (with reference to Fig. 2): pre-ceasma all adopts superquick action, and detonates with No. 1 hole simultaneously；Main blast hole adopts oblique initiation, and firing order is Fig. 2 such as, it is ensured that single hop battering charge is 3.9kg, and blasting direction is oblique Permanent Slope simultaneously, to guarantee that flying avalanche direction is for deviating from highway direction。
Platform blasting parameters is as follows:
1. shoulder height is 5m。
2. minimum burden: minimum burden is 1m。
3. bore diameter: bore diameter is 42mm。
4. hole depth: hole depth is 5.3m。
5. ultra-deep: 0.3m ultra-deep。
6. explosive specific charge: explosive specific charge is 0.26kg/m3。
7. space array pitch: spacing, array pitch are equal is all 1m。
8. stemming length: stemming length is set to 1.5m。
9. charge constitution: the main blast hole minimum burden principle according to explosion, adopts spaced loading in hole, dispersion to detonate in powder charge, and divides upper and lower two sections, get on, get off, in the middle part of blocking section, namely distance 0.5m position, aperture adds 0.1kg explosive, detonates with epimere in hole simultaneously。For reducing the impact of Stability for High Slope, the special layout one pre-ceasma of row, pitch-row 0.4m, 1:1.25 is compared on slope。Pre-ceasma is parallel to domatic layout, and its charge constitution, for not couple underground borehole blasting, namely places 2 joint explosives at the bottom of hole, intermediate air interval, aperture stemming blocks。
10. initiation net design:
With reference to Fig. 1, in order to reduce vibrations and air-shock wave, adopting millisecond short delay blasting between hole, every section of explosive payload is 3.9kg, and wherein explosive is No. 2 rock ammonium nitrate emulsions, and specification is Φ 35mmx210mm, often joint weight 0.2kg。Delay detonator adopts on-electric detonator with detonator payment to a porter, is connected by adhesive plaster and adapter between detonator。Between row, short-delay time interval should move equal or close to the quick-fried body that is subject to making front-seat medicated bag undertake; the time that the free face of heel row medicated bag explosion has been formed; it is simultaneously greater than or is separated the time equal to what the blasting vibration master that adjacent charge detonation can be made to cause shook; so that front and rear row medicated bag attenuation of seismic waves propagates not superposition during to protection, thus reaching the purpose of shock dropping。50ms is adopted according to result of study。
Maximum charge in one delay time checks
According to formula Qmax=R3(VKP/k)3A, wherein QmaxMaximum charge in one delay time, kg；R is Bao Yuan center to monitoring point distance, and the design minimum range adopts 20m；VKPFor protected structures blasting vibration Safety and allowable standard, the design takes 3cm/s；K, a are and blow-up point extremely calculates the attenuation quotient that the landform between point, geological conditions, blasting method etc. are relevant, and k presses on medium-hard rock 200 basis, it is considered to orographic factor decay 50%, finally takes 100, a and takes 1.5, calculates Qmax=7.2kg。The design maximum charge in one delay time 3.9kg, less than Qmax, meet and protect requirement at a high speed。
Claims (1)
1. close on controlled blasting construction method in the massif excavation of highway limit, it is characterized in that: massif thawing settlement explosion adopts step long-hole blasting, side slope adopts presplit blasting and photoface exploision, and high-risk excavation section adopts step shallow blasting, and at blast area covering gun quilt；
Concrete blast working order is as follows:
(1), according to arrangement and method for construction, making protection framed bent closing on existing highway side before site operation, framed bent is made up of steel pipe and bamboo springboard, and framed bent height is that explosion mountain height adds 2m, and framed bent is set up with the massif gradient, and the anchor pole being implanted into massif is connected firmly；
(2), the blast working order overall principle is: circuit longitudinally arranges by blasting circuit length and duration, divide varying number work surface, namely massif slot grooving is first carried out in backer side, then carrying out near roadside massif excavation construction, groove depth is advisable with massif free face Blasting height about 2 times again；
(3), massif by from top to bottom, construct successively from inside to outside, during every about 5m height of excavation downwards, outside massif, bamboo raft frame is along with dismounting, is excavated to designed elevation to massif, and protection framed bent is also removed complete；
Firing order: pre-ceasma all adopts superquick action, and detonates with No. 1 hole simultaneously；Main blast hole adopts oblique initiation, and single hop battering charge is 3.9kg, and blasting direction is oblique Permanent Slope simultaneously；
Platform blasting parameters is as follows:
1. shoulder height is 5m；
2. minimum burden: minimum burden is 1m；
3. bore diameter: bore diameter is 42mm；
4. hole depth: hole depth is 5.3m；
5. ultra-deep: 0.3m ultra-deep；
6. explosive specific charge: explosive specific charge is 0.26kg/m3；
7. space array pitch: spacing, array pitch are equal is all 1m；
8. stemming length: stemming length is set to 1.5m；
9. charge constitution: the main blast hole minimum burden principle according to explosion, adopts spaced loading in hole, dispersion to detonate in powder charge, and divides upper and lower two sections, get on, get off, in the middle part of blocking section, namely distance 0.5m position, aperture adds 0.1kg explosive, detonates with epimere in hole simultaneously；
Arranging a pre-ceasma of row, pitch-row 0.4m, slope is than 1:1.25, and pre-ceasma is parallel to domatic layout, and its charge constitution, for not couple underground borehole blasting, namely places 2 joint explosives at the bottom of hole, intermediate air interval, aperture stemming blocks；
10. initiation net design:
Adopting millisecond short delay blasting between hole, every section of explosive payload is 3.9kg, and wherein explosive is No. 2 rock ammonium nitrate emulsions, and specification is Φ 35mmx210mm, often joint weight 0.2kg；Delay detonator adopts on-electric detonator with detonator payment to a porter, is connected by adhesive plaster and adapter between detonator；Between row, short-delay time interval should move equal or close to the quick-fried body that is subject to making front-seat medicated bag undertake; the time that the free face of heel row medicated bag explosion has been formed; it is simultaneously greater than or is separated the time equal to what the blasting vibration master that adjacent charge detonation can be made to cause shook, so that front and rear row medicated bag attenuation of seismic waves propagates not superposition during to protection。
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| CN105698619A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-22 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Blasting construction method used before construction of mountain shortcuts above existing roads |
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| CN107063014B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽江南爆破工程有限公司 | Slope method is cut in cutting shallow bore hole step control explosion under complex environment |
| CN108086981B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-12-17 | 中国水利水电第十一工程局有限公司 | construction method of high slope with zero distance to national road and more than 100m |
| CN109520381A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-26 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | A kind of accurate delay explosion reduction blasting vibration method |
| CN109752085A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-05-14 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | A kind of digital electric detonator hole-by-hole initiation vibration prediction method |
| CN109668487A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-23 | 中铁二十局集团第五工程有限公司 | Micro-vibration rock and soil blasting controls construction method |
| CN109870082B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-07-09 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | Stone loosening blasting excavation construction method for medium-stroke sandstone layer |
| CN110553557A (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2019-12-10 | 广西长长路桥建设有限公司 | Rocky cutting blasting construction method |
| CN112268490A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Blasting construction method for high-pressure gas transmission pipeline |
| CN113137898B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-10-21 | 中国能源建设集团广西水电工程局有限公司 | Cofferdam blasting demolition method based on combination of variable-linear-density charging and digital electronic detonator |
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Effective date of registration: 20211201 Address after: Room 901, building 2, Zhongsu century building, 425 Xinjian North Road, Yuyao City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315400 Patentee after: China Railway 19th Bureau Group East China Engineering Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: China Railway 19th Bureau Group No.2 Engineering Co., Ltd Address before: 111000 No. 17 Heping Road, Baita District, Liaoning, Liaoyang Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY 19TH BUREAU GROUP 2ND Co.,Ltd. |