CN112268490A - Blasting construction method for high-pressure gas transmission pipeline - Google Patents
Blasting construction method for high-pressure gas transmission pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 21
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
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- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a blasting construction method close to a high-pressure gas pipeline, which comprises a construction prohibition section, a construction strict control section, a construction limited section and a construction general section which are far from the high-pressure gas pipeline from near to far; the construction section of the strict control area is constructed by adopting a static blasting method, the construction section of the limited area is constructed by adopting a differential control blasting method, and the construction section of the general area is constructed by adopting a deep hole control blasting method. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the blasting construction areas around the high-pressure gas pipeline are divided into different levels of construction sections, different blasting construction modes are selected in different construction section areas, each blasting construction mode has corresponding blasting parameters, the safety of the high-pressure gas pipeline is guaranteed, and the construction efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the blasting vibration control measure and the blasting flyrock protection measure are provided, so that the safety of the construction around the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting construction, in particular to a blasting construction method close to a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
Background
The high-pressure gas transmission pipeline has the characteristics of easiness in being affected by external disturbance, flammability and explosiveness of transmission media and great influence of disaster accident consequences, once the transmission media are leaked due to construction, serious safety accidents are caused, when construction has to be carried out on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline, particularly when large-volume rock excavation operation is involved, the defects of low efficiency, high economic cost and the like of mechanical or manual rock crushing exist, and blasting construction operation becomes the best choice. The existing blasting construction technology for the adjacent existing tunnel, highway and underground pipeline adopts an analysis method and a blasting mode, which are not suitable for the safety control level requirement of the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a safe and efficient blasting construction method close to a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a blasting construction method close to a high-pressure gas pipeline, which comprises a construction prohibition section, a construction strict control section, a construction limited section and a construction general section which are far from the high-pressure gas pipeline from near to far; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the construction section of the tight control area is constructed by adopting a static blasting method, and the construction by adopting the static blasting method comprises the following steps: determining static blasting parameters, and performing blasting construction according to the determined static blasting parameters;
the construction section of the restricted area is constructed by adopting a differential control blasting method, and the construction by adopting the differential control blasting method comprises the following steps: determining a differential control blasting parameter, and performing blasting construction according to the determined differential control blasting parameter;
the construction of the general area construction section adopts a deep hole controlled blasting method, and the construction adopting the deep hole controlled blasting method comprises the following steps: and determining deep hole control blasting parameters, and performing blasting construction according to the determined deep hole control blasting parameters.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction forbidden section is a construction range which is 0-5 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline.
As a further improvement of the method, the construction section of the strict control area is within a construction range which is 5-50 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction section of the restricted area is in a construction range 50-70 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction section of the general area is a construction range which is more than 70m away from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction section of the tight control area is constructed by a static blasting method, and the static blasting parameters comprise:
the aperture d, d is 42 mm;
step height H: the value range of H is as follows: 1.0-3.0 m;
depth L of blast hole: the value range of L is as follows: 1.1-3.3 m;
chassis resistance line Wp: the value range of Wp is: 0.25-0.3 m;
hole pitch a: the value range of a is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
row pitch b: the value range of b is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
specific charge q: the value range of q is: 20 to 30kg/m3；
Drilling ultra-deep delta h, wherein the value range of delta h is as follows: 0.1-0.3 m;
the type of the static crushing agent is SCA-I type; the hole distribution mode is square or plum blossom; the charging structure is continuous charge coupled with the charge.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a differential controlled blasting parameter is determined, wherein the differential controlled blasting parameter comprises: :
minimum resistance line W: w is 25 phi;
drilling an ultra-deep hole h: h is 0.4W;
depth L of blast hole: l ═ H + H;
plug length l': l ═ (1.0-1.3) W;
charging length l: l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a: a is 1.2W;
row pitch b: b is W;
single-pore drug quantity Q: q · a · b · H;
specific charge q: q is 0.35-0.40;
wherein phi is the diameter of the drilled hole, and phi is 42 mm; h is the step height.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction section of the general area is constructed by adopting a deep hole controlled blasting method, and the deep hole controlled blasting parameters are determined, wherein the deep hole controlled blasting parameters comprise:
minimum resistance line W: w is (30-35) phi;
drilling an ultra-deep hole h: h is (0.25-0.35) W;
depth L of blast hole: l ═ H + H;
plug length l': l ═ (0.8-1.5) W;
charging length l: l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a: a ═ 1.0 to 1.5) W;
row pitch b: b is (0.8-1.0) W;
single-pore drug quantity Q: q · a · b · H or Q · W · a · H;
wherein phi is the diameter of the drill hole, and phi is 76 mm; h is the step height.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method further includes calculating safe distance of blasting vibration, and the safe distance of blasting vibration of the construction section of the tight control zone, the construction section of the restricted zone and the construction section of the general zone is calculated by using the following formula:
wherein R is the distance from the blast area to the building; q is the allowable maximum single-ring safe loading amount; v is the maximum safe vibration speed, and V is taken to be 3.0 cm/s; k is a coefficient related to terrain and geological conditions; and alpha is a blast attenuation index.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method further comprises blasting flyrock protection, wherein the blasting flyrock protection is performed by using a surface covering device, and the surface covering device comprises: the sand bag is covered on the hole opening, the iron wire net covers the hole opening sand bag, and the iron wire net covers the iron wire net sand bag.
As a further improvement of the invention, the construction method of the construction section of the tight control area comprises the following steps:
drilling according to the pre-designed bore hole diameter, wherein residual water and residual slag in the drilled bore hole are blown and washed clean by high-pressure air, and the positions beside the hole opening are kept clean without soil and stone slag;
stirring the medicament, namely mixing the powdered medicament and water together and fully stirring; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for vertical wells, the weight ratio of water to drug was 0.34: 1, the water temperature is consistent with the atmospheric temperature;
for horizontal and oblique holes, the weight ratio of water to medicament is 0.28: 1, the water temperature is consistent with the atmospheric temperature;
filling, namely filling the prepared medicament into blast holes, and synchronously performing filling operation of a plurality of blast holes, wherein,
for the vertical hole, directly pouring the stirred medicament into the hole, and tightly filling the medicament;
for horizontal holes and inclined holes, a steel pipe with the same aperture size as the blast hole is used, the steel pipe is divided into two halves according to the diameter, the daub-shaped mixture is filled into the combined steel pipe and inserted into the holes until the reaction is finished, the inserting angle is determined according to the principle that the splicing seam of the steel pipe is consistent with the fracture direction of a mining object, and the steel pipe can be repeatedly used.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the blasting construction areas around the high-pressure gas pipeline are divided into different levels of construction sections, different blasting construction modes are selected in different construction section areas, each blasting construction mode has corresponding blasting parameters, the safety of the high-pressure gas pipeline is guaranteed, and the construction efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the blasting vibration control measure and the blasting flyrock protection measure are provided, so that the safety of the construction around the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a construction method of blasting construction near a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic method flow diagram of a static blasting method of a blasting construction method near a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of deep hole controlled blasting of a blasting construction method near a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a plan view of a drilling arrangement of deep hole controlled blasting according to the blasting construction method near a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detonation network of a blasting construction method for a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface covering device of a blasting construction method for an adjacent high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
1. blast holes; 2. an orifice sandbag; 3. a wire mesh; 4. a wire gauze sandbag.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
The blasting construction method near the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline in the embodiment of the invention is as shown in fig. 1, and comprises a construction forbidden section, a construction strict control area section, a construction limited area section and a construction general area section which are far away from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline from near to far; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the construction forbidden section is a construction range which is 0-5 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline, and activities such as mechanical excavation, building of buildings, structures, stacking of articles, implementation of blasting operation, dumping, discharge of corrosive substances, planting of deep-rooted plants and the like are forbidden in the construction forbidden section.
And the construction section of the strict control area is within a construction range of 5-50 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline, and the construction section of the strict control area is constructed by adopting a static blasting method so as to prevent the construction from influencing the high-pressure gas pipeline. The static blasting parameters include:
the aperture d, d is 42 mm;
step height H: the value range of H is as follows: 1.0-3.0 m;
depth L of blast hole: the value range of L is as follows: 1.1-3.3 m;
chassis resistance line Wp: the value range of Wp is: 0.25-0.3 m;
hole pitch a: the value range of a is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
row pitch b: the value range of b is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
specific charge q: the value range of q is: 20 to 30kg/m3；
Drilling ultra-deep delta h, wherein the value range of delta h is as follows: 0.1 to 0.3 m.
In an alternative embodiment, the static breaker type is SCA-I type; the hole distribution mode is square or plum blossom; the charging structure is continuous charge coupled with the charge. The invention does not specifically limit the type of static breaker, the hole distribution mode and the charging structure, and includes but is not limited to the modes.
In this embodiment, the construction method of the static blasting method adopted in the construction section of the tight control area, as shown in fig. 2, includes:
drilling, wherein the diameter of the drilled hole is directly related to the crushing effect, and the drilled hole is too small to bring the medicament into full play; the hole drilling is too big, easily punches a hole. Drilling is needed according to the pre-designed bore hole diameter and the measurement position, residual water and residual slag in the drilled bore hole are blown and washed clean by high-pressure air, and the side of the bore hole is kept clean and free of soil and stone slag.
Stirring the medicament, namely mixing the powdered medicament and water together and fully stirring; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for vertical wells, the weight ratio of water to drug was 0.34: 1, the water temperature is consistent with the atmospheric temperature;
for horizontal and oblique holes, the weight ratio of water to medicament is 0.28: 1, the water temperature is consistent with the atmospheric temperature.
The operation is to slowly pour the medicament into the weighed water instead of slowly pouring the water into the medicament. The mixture of the agent and water is continuously stirred during pouring until the mixture becomes fluid paste or cement. The pouring and stirring speed is fast, the time from the addition of the medicament into water to the completion of pouring into the drill hole is controlled within 5-10 minutes, otherwise, the hole is easy to punch.
And (4) pouring, wherein before charging, the inside and the side of the drilled hole are ensured to be clean, and residual water and residual slag are blown and washed clean by high-pressure air. Every time the medicine is filled, whether the temperature of the rock, the medicine and the mixing water is satisfactory or not is observed and determined.
Filling the prepared medicament into blast holes, and synchronously performing filling operation of a plurality of blast holes, wherein,
for the vertical hole, directly pouring the stirred medicament into the hole, and tightly filling the medicament;
for horizontal holes and inclined holes, a steel pipe with the same aperture size as the blast hole is used, the steel pipe is divided into two halves according to the diameter, the daub-shaped mixture is filled into the combined steel pipe and inserted into the holes until the reaction is finished, the inserting angle is determined according to the principle that the splicing seam of the steel pipe is consistent with the fracture direction of a mining object, and the steel pipe can be repeatedly used.
After the agent is filled into the blast hole, the hole opening is blocked by the blocking material.
Because of the short time required from preparation of the medicament to plugging of the filling opening, a plurality of filling groups are required. Each group consists of a main filling hand and a subsidiary filling hand. When the medicine is taken and stirred, the main filling hand is responsible for weighing the medicine and the water, and the auxiliary filling hand is responsible for stirring the medicine. During filling, the main filling hand is responsible for filling the hole, and the auxiliary filling hand is responsible for ensuring tamping of the medicament and blocking of the hole. Each group is operated in a mode of 'synchronous operation and less mixing and loading', the number of holes for loading the holes is not too large in each operation circulation process, each filling group basically keeps synchronization in the processes of weighing, mixing, filling and the like, the time of the maximum expansion force of the medicament in each hole is as long as possible, and the crushing of the base rock is facilitated.
At the same time, the reaction time of the medicament should be strictly controlled. The reaction speed of the medicament has a direct relation with the temperature, the higher the temperature is, the faster the reaction time is, and the contrary the reaction speed is slow. In practice, there are two methods for controlling the reaction time of the agent, one is to add the inhibitor into the mixing water, and the other is to strictly control the temperature of the mixing water, the agent and the pre-crushed bedrock. The temperature is higher in summer, the medicine should be shielded by the broken objects before being broken, and the medicine is stored at a low temperature to avoid solarization. The agent that has already started to undergo a chemical reaction (showing the onset of gassing and a rapid rise in temperature) must not be loaded into the well.
When the static blasting method is adopted for construction, attention should be paid to the following steps: the occurrence of punching by static blasting is a normal phenomenon and is also an unpredictable and incompletely controllable phenomenon. The temperature of the agent is high and the agent is corrosive when punching, and the agent can cause serious damage to the cornea when being punched into eyes. In order to prevent accidents, operators must wear anti-impact and dustproof PVC goggles produced according to national safety standards to operate. The face may not be directly faced in close proximity to the charged bore hole before the agent is poured into the bore hole to the rock fracture. After the medicament is filled, a gunny bag or a coir mat is covered, and the filling point is far away. More care should be taken to observe the development of the crack. The construction site should be specially prepared with clear water and towel, and when punching holes, if the medicament splashes into eyes and skin, the holes should be immediately washed with clear water, and the serious patients should be immediately sent to hospitals for cleaning treatment. It must not be unauthorized to add any other chemicals to the selected breaker. The temperature of the hole wall of the just drilled hole is high, and the powder can be charged only after the temperature is determined to be normal and meet the requirement and the hole is cleaned.
And the construction section of the restricted area is in a construction range which is 50-70 m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline, and the stone side of the excavation part of the terrace of the construction section of the restricted area is constructed by adopting a differential control blasting method, so that the influence of construction on the high-pressure gas pipeline is reduced.
In an alternative embodiment, a differential controlled blasting hole diameter Φ of 42mm, a hole plane arranged in a quincunx pattern, for example, is vertically drilled, and a tubular emulsion explosive is used; the blasting parameters include:
minimum resistance line w (m): w is 25 phi;
drilling ultra-deep h (m): h is 0.4W;
blast hole depth l (m): l ═ H + H;
plug length l' (m): l ═ (1.0-1.3) W;
charge length l (m): l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a (m): a is 1.2W;
row pitch b (m): b is W;
amount of single-well drug Q (kg): q · a · b · H;
specific charge q (kg/m)3)：q＝0.35～0.40；
Wherein phi is the diameter of the drill hole; h is the step height.
The differential controlled blasting parameters thus calculated are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The construction range of the common zone construction section is larger than 70m away from the high-pressure gas pipeline, and the common zone construction section is constructed by adopting a deep hole blasting control method. The determination of the blasting parameters is mainly based on the properties of the rock mass to be blasted, the surrounding environment of the blasting area, the drilling machinery and the like. If special geological structures are met, the blasting parameters are properly adjusted.
An alternative embodiment, to meet the particle size requirement, reduces the chunk rate while meetingThe optimization of blasting, digging and loading and transportation efficiency, and the diameter of a drilling hole in a blasting area is not suitable to be selected too large. According to boundary conditions, the diameter of a deep hole blasting drill hole is selected to be phi 76mm, and different explosive unit consumptions are selected according to different rock types because most of common hard stones and special hard stones exist in a blasting area. In the embodiment, the unit consumption of the explosive is 0.35-0.45 kg/m3Emulsion explosives or ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives may be used. The blasting parameter calculation comprises the following steps:
minimum resistance line w (m): w is (30-35) phi;
drilling ultra-deep h (m): h is (0.25-0.35) W;
blast hole depth l (m): l ═ H + H;
plug length l' (m): l ═ (0.8-1.5) W;
charge length l (m): l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a (m): a ═ 1.0 to 1.5) W;
row pitch b (m): b is (0.8-1.0) W;
amount of single-well drug Q (kg): q · a · b · H or Q · W · a · H;
wherein phi is the diameter of the drill hole, and phi is 76 mm; h is the step height.
The deep hole controlled blasting parameters thus calculated are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The deep hole blasting control method is adopted, and the loading capacity per unit length is 4 kg/m.
Based on the deep hole control blasting parameters, the hole distribution mode of each blasting is determined not to exceed 6 rows, and quincunx or rectangular hole distribution is adopted. The plan view of the drilling layout of the deep hole controlled blasting is shown in fig. 4, and the cross-sectional view of the deep hole controlled blasting is shown in fig. 3.
In the deep hole step controlled blasting method in the embodiment, the emulsion explosive is used as the initiating explosive, the main explosive is a bulk ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or emulsion explosive, the blocking material is commercial stone powder ballast, and the initiating explosive is positioned at the lower part of the blast hole. When water exists in the holes, firstly, blowing water by using a high-pressure air pipe; when water is not blown completely, the water in the hole is filled with tubular emulsion explosive within the height range, and bulk ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or emulsion explosive can be used when the water is 1m higher than the water surface. The secondary crushing of large rock is carried out by taking tubular emulsion explosive as main explosive, loading in whole roll, placing detonating detonator at bottom of blast hole, blocking with commercial stone powder, and pressurizing sand bag at orifice.
The detonating network is the mixed detonating network of electric and non-electric detonating tubes which is used most safely and reliably at present, and detonating tube detonators are used in the connection of the hole and the main network and are finally detonated by the electric detonators. The time delay between rows is preferably millisecond delay in the explosion area, and the time of the micro difference between rows is 50-100 ms. The schematic diagram of the initiation network is shown in fig. 5, where the numbers represent detonator segments. When the electric and non-electric mixed priming circuit is adopted, after the charging and blocking operations are finished, the electric detonator can be bound and connected with the detonating tube bundle of the non-electric detonator, and if in thunderstorm weather, the electric detonator can not be connected to the priming circuit.
Further, if the blasting main vibration frequency is the same as the natural vibration frequency of the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline structure, a resonance phenomenon occurs, and the structure of the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline is greatly influenced. In order to ensure the safety of the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline, the blasting vibration safety distance is calculated in the following mode so as to reduce the influence of blasting vibration on the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline. The blasting vibration safety distance of the construction section of the strict control area, the construction section of the limited area and the construction section of the general area is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein R is the distance (unit: m) from the blast area to the building; q is the maximum allowable single-ring safe loading (unit: kg); v is the maximum safe vibration speed, and V is taken to be 3.0 cm/s; k is a coefficient related to terrain and geological conditions; alpha is the blast decay index, and k and alpha need to be determined by field testing.
In an alternative embodiment, k and a are taken as 150 and 1.8 in terms of the values of medium hard rock, the calculation results of the charge amount and the safe distance of blasting vibration are shown in Table 3,
TABLE 3
| Distance between burst area and target R (m) | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Maximum permitted amount of drug Q (kg) | 4.97 | 11.77 | 23 | 39.74 | 94.19 | 183.96 |
| Vibration speed (cm/s) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
And determining the maximum single-shot explosive quantity and the blasting scale of blasting according to the calculation result of the table and the distance between the blasting area and the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline, so as to control blasting vibration and avoid influencing the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
In order to reduce the blasting vibration, the blasting vibration control measures further comprise:
1) and (3) adopting a differential blasting technology according to the actual environment condition of the blasting area.
2) Reasonable initiation interval time is selected, the maximum single-shot dosage is controlled, and multi-row hole blasting in a ballast blasting mode is avoided.
3) And determining a reasonable detonation direction and a reasonable detonation sequence, and enabling the blasting minimum resistant line to be lateral or back to the protection target as far as possible.
4) Before normal blasting construction, several small-scale blasting tests are utilized to carry out blasting vibration monitoring, find the damping rule of blasting vibration and determine the relevant parameters in the vibration damping formula, so that the maximum allowable single-shot dosage or the minimum safe distance can be determined according to the vibration safety requirement of the protected object to guide blasting construction.
Further, in order to ensure the safety of the blasting process, the method also comprises blasting flyrock protection, wherein the blasting flyrock protection is carried out by adopting a surface covering device, and the surface covering device comprises: the sand bag 2 covers the orifice of the blast hole 1, the iron wire net 3 covers the sand bag 2, and the iron wire net 4 covers the iron wire net 3.
An alternative embodiment of the surface covering device is shown in fig. 6, the opening of each blast hole 1 is sealed by two opening sandbags 2, a layer of wire 3 covers the opening sandbag 2, the edge of the wire 3 exceeds the blast hole at the outermost side by a certain distance, for example, 2m, so as to ensure that the wire 3 covers the whole blasting area, one or more layers of wire 3 are arranged, two layers are arranged in the embodiment, a layer of wire sandbag 4 is pressed on the wire 3, the wire sandbag 4 is uniformly arranged on the wire sandbag, and the interval of the wire sandbag 4 is determined according to the actual situation, so as to ensure that the wire 3 and the sandbag can bear blasting impact. In the blasting process, the parameters of the hole network are strictly controlled, the charge amount is calculated hole by hole, and the excessive charge is strictly prohibited, so that the filling length and quality of the blast hole 1 are ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A blasting construction method close to a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline is characterized by comprising a construction prohibition section, a construction strict control area section, a construction limited area section and a construction general area section which are far from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline from near to far; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the construction section of the tight control area is constructed by adopting a static blasting method, and the construction by adopting the static blasting method comprises the following steps: determining static blasting parameters, and performing blasting construction according to the determined static blasting parameters;
the construction section of the restricted area is constructed by adopting a differential control blasting method, and the construction by adopting the differential control blasting method comprises the following steps: determining a differential control blasting parameter, and performing blasting construction according to the determined differential control blasting parameter;
the construction of the general area construction section adopts a deep hole controlled blasting method, and the construction adopting the deep hole controlled blasting method comprises the following steps: and determining deep hole control blasting parameters, and performing blasting construction according to the determined deep hole control blasting parameters.
2. The blasting construction method adjacent to the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the construction-prohibited section is a construction range of 0-5 m from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
3. The blasting construction method adjacent to the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the construction section of the strict control area is within a construction range of 5-50 m from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
4. The blasting construction method adjacent to the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the construction section of the restricted area is a construction range 50-70 m away from the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the general area construction section is a construction range greater than 70m from the high pressure gas transmission pipeline.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the differential controlled blasting parameters comprises:
the aperture d, d is 42 mm;
step height H: the value range of H is as follows: 1.0-3.0 m;
depth L of blast hole: the value range of L is as follows: 1.1-3.3 m;
chassis resistance line Wp: the value range of Wp is: 0.25-0.3 m;
hole pitch a: the value range of a is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
row pitch b: the value range of b is as follows: 0.25-0.4 m;
specific charge q: the value range of q is: 20 to 30kg/m3；
Drilling ultra-deep delta h, wherein the value range of delta h is as follows: 0.1 to 0.3 m.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the differential controlled blasting parameters comprises:
minimum resistance line W: w is 25 phi;
drilling an ultra-deep hole h: h is 0.4W;
depth L of blast hole: l ═ H + H;
plug length l': l ═ (1.0-1.3) W;
charging length l: l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a: a is 1.2W;
row pitch b: b is W;
single-pore drug quantity Q: q · a · b · H;
specific charge q: q is 0.35-0.40;
wherein phi is the diameter of the drill hole; h is the step height.
8. The method for blasting construction close to the high-pressure gas transmission pipeline according to claim 1, wherein deep hole control blasting parameters are determined, and the deep hole control blasting parameters comprise:
minimum resistance line W: w is (30-35) phi;
drilling an ultra-deep hole h: h is (0.25-0.35) W;
depth L of blast hole: l ═ H + H;
plug length l': l ═ (0.8-1.5) W;
charging length l: l ═ L-L';
hole pitch a: a ═ 1.0 to 1.5) W;
row pitch b: b is (0.8-1.0) W;
single-pore drug quantity Q: q · a · b · H or Q · W · a · H;
wherein phi is the diameter of the drill hole; h is the step height.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating a safe distance for blasting vibration, wherein the safe distance for blasting vibration of the construction section of the tight control zone, the construction section of the restricted zone and the construction section of the general zone is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is the distance from the blast area to the building; q is the allowable maximum single-ring safe loading amount; v is the maximum safe vibration speed, and V is taken to be 3.0 cm/s; k is a coefficient related to terrain and geological conditions; and alpha is a blast attenuation index.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising blasting flyrock protection using a surface covering device, the surface covering device comprising: the sand bag is covered on the hole opening, the iron wire net covers the hole opening sand bag, and the iron wire net covers the iron wire net sand bag.
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