CN110012724A - The method of plant pollen classified collection device and categorised collection plant pollen - Google Patents
The method of plant pollen classified collection device and categorised collection plant pollen Download PDFInfo
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- CN110012724A CN110012724A CN201810409063.0A CN201810409063A CN110012724A CN 110012724 A CN110012724 A CN 110012724A CN 201810409063 A CN201810409063 A CN 201810409063A CN 110012724 A CN110012724 A CN 110012724A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/005—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs picking or shaking pneumatically
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant pollen classified collection device and utilize the method for the device categorised collection pollen, apparatus of the present invention include male flower branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector be successively linked in sequence, inside connection, wherein male flower branch fixator is fixedly connected with the male cone of plant/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, male flower branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector are linked in sequence integrally, inner containment male cone/male inflorescence of the male flower branch fixator and isolator that link together.Apparatus of the present invention, compact structure, be convenient for carrying, collection method it is simple；Pollen collecting is high-efficient, easy to operate, high frequency zone and can separate diploid pollen, and good separating effect, collection kit permeability is preferable, will not male cone/male flower development to plant impact, collection mode will not damage plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant pollen collection device and pollen collecting method, in particular to a kind of plant diploid flower
The method of powder, monoploid pollen collecting device and plant pollen categorised collection belongs to agriculture and forestry breeding field.
Technical background
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) also known as gingko or Gong Sunshu originate in China, deciduous tree.Since ginkgo has
Extensive cultivating value, the developed countries such as America and Europe carried out various researchs to it always for many years, especially from eighties of last century
Tremendous development (Du Peng, 2003), product are obtained by the ginkgo medicinal study of representative of ginkgo biloba p.e the eighties
Supply falls short of demand in the international market, while as the utilization that people used ginkgo material and afforested in recent years use etc. is more and more wider
General, market demand substantially improves.The thriving demand of relative market, existing gingko resource is there are clearly disadvantageous, at present
Cultivars of Ginkgo biloba L growth and development it is slow, become a useful person longer with result cycle time, generally from be planted to large result need 20 to
Four ten years, and also need to further increase in the fermentation such as leaf blade size and Secondary Metabolite Contents.These all make people
It is powerful and influential to the genetic improvement of ginkgo acquire it is more more and more urgent.So passing through the composition of increase chromosome using ploidy breeding method
And number, the new varieties that artificial means cultivate ginkgo be can yet be regarded as a good incubation experiment for it is improved.More times at present
Body research shows that: the kind of general triploid is in such as speed of growth, blade and fruit yield, Secondary Metabolite Contents and resistance
Other infraspecific ploidy kinds are substantially better than in terms of equal plant characteristic.Therefore, to the nurturing research of ginkgo triploid, very may be used
Can have in terms of the genetic improvement of people's urgent need such as leaf blade size and yield, Secondary Metabolite Contents and plant fast-growing character
It is broken through.
By learning and using for reference successful experience of the forefathers in relation to other forest ploidy breedings, relatively effectively and rapidly people at present
The method that work cultivates triploid is to first pass through artificial means induction andro gamete (pollen) chromosome doubling, is obtaining 2n (two
Times body) after andro gamete, is pollinated in the normal column cap of plant, 2n andro gamete and 1n oogamete is made to complete amphigamy, thus
The fertilized eggs for obtaining 3n, finally cultivate triploid.So ginkgo triploid is cultivated by above-mentioned method, it is first
First to obtain ginkgo 2n andro gamete (diploid pollen).
The newly equal 2n andro gamete (diploid that can produce ginkgo by colchicine-induced by research discovery for many years of Cheng Jin
Pollen), highest yield is 7%, and the pick-up rate of diploid pollen is relatively low, and by years of researches, this numerical value is in recent years still
It does not improve so.Moreover, only diploid ginkgo could be harvested by the ginkgo male cone that colchicin doubles induction processing
Powder, and after doubling induction, not all gingko pollen is all diploid pollen, usually doubled on a small quantity induction at
The diploid pollen of function and common monoploid pollen are mixed in together, and formation includes a large amount of common monoploid gingko pollens and lacks
The pollen mixture of diploid gingko pollen is measured, using traditional pollen collecting mode, diploid pollen is easy to be lost and can not carry out
It distinguishes.And ginkgo triploid is cultivated, needs to carry out artificialpollination, that is, by the diploid gingko pollen of acquisition,
It pollinates in making it be fertilized on ginkgo female cone in conjunction with ginkgo egg cell, if being mixed into common ginkgo monoploid during this
Pollen can only then obtain common diploid ginkgo plant.Therefore how efficiently will be on treated specific ginkgo male cone
These a small amount of and precious 2n andro gametes generated are separated and are collected, and are had emphatically to the triploid cultivation for carrying out ginkgo
The meaning wanted.
Ginkgo belongs to anemogame plant, and quantity radix is big after common pollen maturation, and slightly blowing or shaking to the wind will drift.By
Huge in ginkgo pollen mixture amount, pollinia can drift in air, form the pollen particles of suspension, exhale the personnel of collection
It inhales road to cause serious harm, prolonged contact is easy to cause the pollen allergy of operator, forms occupational disease.And it passes
The collection mode of system needs to win by ginkgo sporangium finally, can damage, easily cause next to ginkgo plant
Year gingko pollen yield reduction.
There are two types of traditional gingko pollen collection methods, the first is: when gingko pollen i.e. by maturation when (ginkgo microspore
Capsule starts to become golden yellow from yellow green), all sporangiums are wrapped up with template, are clamped with paper clip, band pollen is opened
It starts from and removes all spores capsule from plant together with template after so drifting, be put into the shade drying and stand for 24 hours, when scattered
Shrivelled sporangium is rejected after powder is abundant, after removing residual impurity with the sieve of 200 mesh, pollen and silica gel are put into togerther close
It seals in space (vial), moves into spare in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；Second is: when gingko pollen i.e. by maturation when, will be collected
Ginkgo male cone on microsporangium all manually wipe out, be put together on template, will be placed with microsporangium shifting
Enter in the shade dry place and stand, until microsporangium is naturally dry and cracked, after pollen all sheds, shrivelled sporangium is rejected,
After removing residual impurity with the sieve of 200 mesh, pollen and silica gel are put into togerther in sealing space (vial), move into 4 DEG C
It is spare in refrigerator.Traditional approach collection efficiency is low, expends a large amount of artificial, is lost more during pollen collecting, can only collect mixed
After the pollen of conjunction again using other modes by hand distinguish and screening diploid gingko pollen, later period pollen save during need into
Row transfer be easy to cause pollen secondary loss, and complicated for operation during collection, and operator is needed to wear the protection such as mask
Tool.
Gingko pollen acquisition method (CN201410457537.0) is: being no more than the bull of 30cm for trunk chest diameter
Ginkgo selects the calm period of male tree blooming stage, and it is its tree crown horizontal direction that radius is spread centered on male ginkgo tree tree base
The film of radius, then take a power be 1.8KW bar type concrete vibrator, by its vibration head against trunk vibration 5~
10 minutes, then the film on ground is packed up, obtained pollen is crossed into 120 meshes to get pure gingko pollen is arrived.This programme was both
Gingko pollen can be shaken off, and bark will not be injured.This method is only applicable to acquire the mixing gingko pollen of whole strain, can not
The pollen of specific single male cone (the single male cone such as after colchicin doubles induction) is collected separately, is collected
Low efficiency, expends a large amount of artificial, is lost more during pollen collecting, can only collect after the pollen of mixing again using other modes
It distinguishes by hand and screening diploid gingko pollen, the source of indistinguishable pollen, the pollen being collected into is not useable for manual control
Pollination, later period pollen are shifted during saving, and be easy to cause pollen secondary loss, and are operated during collecting multiple
It is miscellaneous, need operator to wear the protection tools such as mask.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is low and be not easy to receive for existing anemogame plant (especially ginkgo) diploid pollen induction rate
The problem of collection, provide it is a kind of efficiently from plant pollen mixture screening, categorised collection pollen device, collection of the invention
Device, compact structure are convenient for carrying, and categorised collection method is easy to operate；Pollen collecting is high-efficient, prevents safely operator
Shield property is preferable；Effective selection and diploid, monoploid pollen can be isolated in a large amount of pollen mixture, good separating effect,
Collection kit permeability is preferable, will not male cone (microstrobilus) to plant/male flower development impact, collection mode without
Herborization sporangium is needed, plant will not be damaged.
To achieve the purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of plant pollen classified collection device, including male flower
Branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector, wherein the male flower branch fixator and plant
Male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast is fixedly connected, and male flower branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collector, common pollen
Collector is linked in sequence integrally, and internal connection, the inside of the male flower branch fixator and isolator that are fixed together
It is formed and accommodates male cone/male inflorescence cavity.
Wherein, the Plant choosing anemogame plant, preferably ginkgo, poplar, robur or birch, it is further preferably silver-colored
Apricot.
It is under the pollen classified collection device that the male flower branch fixator that brachyplast is connected is connect with male cone/male inflorescence
Portion, and be the top of the pollen classified collection device far from the common pollen collector of male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast.
Wherein, the male flower branch fixator is whole T-shaped casing, is spliced by two symmetrical half-covering tubes,
The inside of spliced T-shaped male flower branch fixator casing forms the casing inner cylinder of cylindrical, hollow, for accommodating and fixing
Male cone/male inflorescence connects brachyplast.
In particular, the T-shaped casing of the male flower branch fixator includes in " one " the type portion of " one " type and at " Shu " type
" Shu " type portion.
" one " type portion is the lower part of male flower branch fixator, and " Shu " type portion is the top of male flower branch fixator.The male flower branch is solid
Determine the casing that device is T-type, for the T-shaped casing of the section that is spliced by two symmetrical half-covering tubes, passes through internal formed
The casing inner cylinder of cylindrical, hollow, for accommodating male flower ball and male flower ball connection brachyplast
In particular, described sleeve pipe inner cylinder is through " one " the type portion and " Shu " type portion of the male flower branch fixator.
Especially, " one " the type portion pipe sleeve of the T-type casing is connected on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, i.e., the described hero
The bottom of spray fixator T-type casing is socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；" Shu " the type portion of described sleeve pipe be isolated
Device is fixedly connected, i.e., the top of the described male flower branch fixator T-type casing is fixedly connected with isolator.
In particular, " one " the type portion for the male flower branch fixator being spliced into is the internal prism bodily form with hollow cavity, preferably
For cuboid or the square bodily form or；" Shu " the type portion is the internal cylindrical body with hollow cavity.
" one " the type portion of male flower branch fixator is the lower part of male flower branch fixator, and " Shu " type portion is the upper of male flower branch fixator
Portion.
Wherein, 2 fixed lobes are provided on the outside of the half-covering tube.
In particular, the fixed lobe is that cuboid or the square bodily form, height are less than " one " the type portion of T-type casing
Highly.
Especially, 2 fixed lobes on each half-covering tube are mounted on forms when 2 half-covering tubes are spliced into T-type casing
Cylinder-shaped sleeve inner cylinder diameter extended line on.2 fixed lobes on i.e. each half-covering tube are fixedly mounted on when 2 half
Casing is spliced into " one " the type portion formed when T-type casing along the both ends of Mosaic face.
Wherein, 1 fixed rope is provided on the outside of the half-covering tube.
In particular, the fixed rope selects soft iron silk.Fixed rope is used to make 2 or so half by bundled fixed protrusion
Casing clamps ginkgo male flower bud, and is spliced into the casing of a complete T-type, while complete T-type casing firmly being wound admittedly
It is scheduled on ginkgo branch.
Especially, when described two half-covering tubes splice, two fixations of the line of 2 solid ropes and each half-covering tube
The line of protrusion is perpendicular.
Wherein, gasket is arranged in the inner wall of the casing inner cylinder of the male flower branch fixator T-type casing.For in closed casing
Space, prevent pollen to be collected from drifting away from the gap at this position.
In particular, the gasket is with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, preferably 0.1-0.3mm, further preferably 0.2mm.
Especially, the gasket selection latex gasket, foam-rubber cushion or rubber pad, preferably latex gasket.
The thickness of gasket is depending on male cone to be socketed/male inflorescence connection brachyplast thickness, when male cone/male flower
Sequence connects that brachyplast is thicker, then it is thin to seal mat thickness, when male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast is thin, then seals mat thickness thickness.
Wherein, the outside in " Shu " the type portion of the male flower branch fixator has external screw thread, is connected through a screw thread and is isolated with described
Device is fixed together.
The upper outside of each half-covering tube has screw thread, after two half-covering tubes are spliced into T-type casing, outside " Shu " type portion
Side forms complete external screw thread, that is, has external screw thread on the upper outside wall of the casing inner cylinder formed, passes through screw thread with isolator,
It screws, is connected and fixed.
The cube shape in particular, " one " the type portion of the male flower branch fixator is positive, its side length is 1-2cm, preferably
1.5cm；The height of the fixed lobe is 0.2-0.5cm, preferably 0.3cm；The fixed rope selects diameter for the soft of 2mm
Iron wire；The diameter of described sleeve pipe inner cylinder is 0.8-1.5cm, preferably 0.8-1.3cm, further preferably 1.3cm.
Wherein, the isolator is made of coaxial isolator main part, interconnecting piece and fixed part, isolator main part,
It is linked in sequence between interconnecting piece and fixed part integral, and its internal connection.
In particular, the main part is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, the interconnecting piece is the internal circle with cavity
Platform, the fixed part is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, and the diameter of main part is greater than the diameter of fixed part.
Especially, the main part is fixedly connected with the diploid pollen collector；The interconnecting piece by main part and
Fixed part links into an integrated entity；The fixed part is fixedly connected with male flower branch fixator.
In particular, the top of the fixed part and the male flower branch fixator is fixedly connected by screw thread.
Especially, the size on the diameter of the fixed part and male flower branch fixator T-type casing top is adapted (i.e. and male flower
The outer diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the casing of branch fixator is adapted).
In particular, the inner wall of the fixed part of the isolator has on the outside of internal screw thread, with male flower branch fixator " Shu " type portion
External screw thread matches, and is threadedly coupled, isolator and the male flower branch fixator are fixed together.
Wherein, the isolator main part is fixedly connected with diploid pollen collector.
In particular, the main part is connected through a screw thread or is clamped with diploid pollen collector, it is fixed together.
Especially, the inner wall for the isolator main part being connected with the diploid pollen collector has internal screw thread or outer
Wall has clamping groove with external screw thread or on its top, is threadedly coupled or is clamped with diploid pollen collector.
In particular, main part is internally provided with metal filter screen, the shrivelled flower being mingled in for primary filtration in pollen
The impurity such as powder capsule, petal piece or vanelets.
Especially, one end that main part leans near diploid pollen collector is arranged in the metal filter screen, i.e., in main body
The close one end being close with diploid pollen collector in portion is internally provided with metal filter screen.
In particular, the isolator main body that the metal filter screen setting positional distance is connected with diploid pollen collector
The distance of portion one end is 0.2-1.0cm, preferably 0.5cm.
Especially, the diameter of the metal filter screen is consistent with the internal diameter of isolator main part, and the aperture of filter screen is
0.2-0.4cm。
Wherein, the interconnecting piece of the isolator be connected with main part be circular platform type interconnecting piece upper bottom surface, with fixation
Portion be connected be circular platform type interconnecting piece bottom surface.
In particular, one end and the main part integrally connected of the internal isolator interconnecting piece with truncated cone-shaped cavity, the other end
Bore is gradually reduced, until the diameter dimension with fixed part is adapted.
Wherein, the isolator fixed part is connected through a screw thread with the male flower branch fixator, is fixed together.
In particular, the inner wall of the fixed part has internal screw thread, with the male flower branch fixator upper outside external screw thread phase
Cooperation, is threadedly coupled with male flower branch fixator.
Wherein, air inlet is offered close to one end of interconnecting piece in the isolator main part, so that isolator and outside
Environment communicates, for isolator ventilation and the air blast into isolator.
In particular, the isolator further includes conduit and air blower, air blower passes through the main body of conduit and the isolator
Portion is connected, and by air blower, to isolator inside air blast, natural wind simulating environment blows male cone/male flower inside isolator
The pollen for cracking out on the microsporangium of sequence, drifts it.
Especially, one end of the conduit is connected with the air inlet, and the other end is connected with air blower, opens air blower,
The air blast into isolator dispels the pollen for cracking out on male cone/male inflorescence microsporangium.
When pollen collecting device is stopped using, conduit and air blower are dismantled, then blocks air inlet with sealing-plug.
Wherein, the air blower selects air pump.It is existing in this field known any to be suitable for the device of air blast
The present invention.
In particular, air blower blasting time is 5-10min, air quantity 3-4m3/min。
Especially, outlet air bore (20 ± 2) mm of the air blower, rated power (900 ± 10) W；Operating voltage 220V.
Wherein, the diploid pollen collector is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, and one end and the isolator are solid
Fixed connection, the other end are fixedly connected with the common pollen collector, and are internally provided with the two of retention diploid pollen
Times body pollen filter piece.
The one end for the diploid pollen collector being connected with isolator is the lower end of diploid pollen collector；Its is another
Holding the one end being connected with common pollen collector is the upper end of diploid pollen collector.
In particular, the diploid pollen filter piece is positioned close to the one end being connected with common pollen collector.
Especially, diploid pollen filter piece setting positional distance, which is connected at a distance from one end with common pollen collector, is
0.2-1.0cm, preferably 0.5cm.
In particular, the internal diameter of the diameter of the diploid pollen filter piece and diploid pollen collector is adapted.
Wherein, the aperture of the diploid pollen filter piece is less than due-in collection plant diploid pollen partial size and general greater than its
Logical pollen partial size.
In particular, 20 μm -80 μm of the aperture of the diploid pollen filter piece.
Especially, the aperture of the diploid pollen filter piece is less than ginkgo diploid pollen partial size and to be greater than it commonly
Pollen partial size.
In particular, the aperture of the diploid pollen filter piece is 40 μm.
Especially, the diploid pollen collector is using transparent cylinder made of PE material.
Heretofore described be fixedly connected selects be threadedly coupled, be bolted, being clamped, welding, and is preferably threadedly coupled.
Existing any mode that is fixedly connected known is suitable for the present invention in this field.
In particular, the inner wall of one end that the diploid pollen collector is connected with the isolator main part is with interior
Screw thread or outer wall have external screw thread；With isolator main part top (be connected with diploid pollen collector one end)
Screw thread matches, and is connected through a screw thread and is fixed together.The diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collecting
The outer wall for the other end that device is connected has internal screw thread with external screw thread or inside；(i.e. with the common pollen collector lower part
Be connected one end with diploid pollen collector) screw thread match, be connected through a screw thread and be fixed together.
Wherein, the common pollen collector is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, one end and diploid pollen collecting
Device is fixedly connected, and the other end is open, and is internally provided with the common pollen filter piece of retention monoploid pollen.
The one end for the common pollen collector being connected with diploid pollen collector is the lower end of common pollen collector；
Its one end opened is the upper end of common pollen collector.
In particular, the common pollen filter piece is positioned close to the open end of common pollen collector.
In particular, the distance of the common pollen filter piece setting common pollen collector open end of positional distance is 0.2-
1.0cm, preferably 0.5cm.
Especially, the internal diameter of the diameter of the common pollen filter piece and common pollen collector is adapted.
Wherein, the aperture of the common pollen filter piece is less than due-in collection plant haploid pollen partial size.
In particular, 10 μm -50 μm of the aperture of the common pollen filter piece.
Especially, the aperture of the common pollen filter piece is less than ginkgo monoploid pollen partial size.
In particular, the aperture of the common pollen filter piece is 20 μm.
The aperture of common pollen filter piece is suitable with ginkgo monoploid pollen partial size.
Especially, the common pollen collector is using transparent cylinder made of PE material.
In particular, the inner wall of one end that the common pollen collector is connected with the diploid pollen collector has
Internal screw thread or outer wall have external screw thread；(it is connected with diploid pollen collector with diploid pollen collector top
One end) screw thread match, be connected through a screw thread and be fixed together.The open other end of the common pollen collector
Outer wall has internal screw thread with external screw thread or inside.
In particular, one end that the common pollen collector opens further includes top cover, the top cover and common pollen collecting
The open end of device is fixedly connected.
Especially, the top cover is threadedly coupled with the open end of common pollen collector.
Wherein, the top cover has internal screw thread or externally threaded cylindrical covering, for closing the common pollen collecting
The open one end of device.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of using above-mentioned plant pollen classified collection device categorised collection plant pollen
Method includes the following steps:
1) selection is in normal growth position, male cone/male inflorescence for individually growing, then to entering meiosis prophase
Male cone/male inflorescence double induction processing；
2) male flower branch fixator is socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast by doubling induction processing, and
It will be fixed on after the binding of male flower branch fixator on the raw long limb of male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；
3) isolator is fixedly connected with male flower branch fixator；And make the inside and outside air circulation of isolator, through doubling at induction
Male cone/male inflorescence normal development in isolator after reason, until microsporangium will start loose powder；
4) when observing that microsporangium will start loose powder, by diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector with
The isolator sequence is installed；
5) after microsporangium splits, air is sent into the air blast into isolator cavity, passes through the pollen for having cracked out
Air-flow is blown, and is successively passed through isolator main part, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector, is divided pollen
Class is collected.
Wherein, male cone/male inflorescence described in step 1) selects connection brachyplast diameter for male cone/hero of 0.8-1.2cm
Inflorescence.
In particular, male cone described in step 1)/male inflorescence selection anemogame plant male cone/male inflorescence, preferably silver-colored
The male inflorescence of the male cone of apricot, poplar, robur or birch, further preferably ginkgo male cone.
Wherein, doubled described in step 1) induction processing using 0.5-1.0% colchicin aqueous solution soaking processing to
Collect male cone/male inflorescence of the plant of pollen, soaking time 40-50h.
In particular, handling the ginkgo male cone of pollen to be collected using the colchicin aqueous solution soaking of 0.5-1.0%, soak
The bubble time is 40-50h.
Especially, ginkgo male cone 48h is handled using 0.6% colchicin aqueous solution soaking.
It is heretofore described double induction processing, in addition to colchicin double induction processing other than, in this field it is existing
The method for making microspore chromosome doubling in Tempo of Meiosis known is suitable for the present invention.
Wherein, male flower branch fixator described in step 2) is by the T-type casing of the two symmetrical half-covering tube splicings in left and right.
The two symmetrical half-covering tubes in left and right are socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast through induction processing, are spelled
It is connected into integrated male flower branch fixator T-type casing to be socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, and two half-covering tubes is bundled
Together.
In particular, the binding is that the symmetrical half-covering tube in left and right two that will be socketed on connection brachyplast passes through fixed rope
Splicing is integral, and is fixed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast.
Wherein, it is connected through a screw thread in step 3), the fixed part of the isolator and the top of male flower branch fixator is consolidated
Dingan County is fitted together, i.e., by male flower branch fixator with external screw thread " Shu " type portion and tool internal thread isolator fixed part
It is connected through a screw thread, screws, be integrally fixed with male flower branch fixator.
Wherein, diploid pollen collector described in step 4), common pollen collector and isolator sequence are installed
It include: that diploid pollen collector is fixedly mounted on the isolator；Common pollen collector is fixedly mounted on described
On diploid pollen collector.
In particular, microsporangium described in step 4) will start loose powder refer to the color of ginkgo microsporangium gradually by
Yellow green becomes golden yellow.
Especially, the diploid pollen collector is fixedly mounted on by isolator main body using threaded connection in step 4)
The top in portion；Common pollen collector is fixed on to the top of the diploid pollen collector using threaded connection.
In particular, by the external screw thread on the lower end outer wall of diploid pollen collector or the internal screw thread on inside, and it is isolated
Internal screw thread on inner wall of the device main part with metal filter screen side or the external screw thread on outside connect after screwing；By common pollen
The internal screw thread on external screw thread or inner wall on the lower end outer wall of collector has diploid pollen mistake with diploid pollen collector
The external screw thread on internal screw thread or outer wall on the inner wall of filter disc side connects after screwing.
Especially, the top of the isolator main body is isolator main body far from male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast one
End；The top of the diploid pollen collector is diploid pollen collector far from male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast one
End.The top of the male flower branch fixator is one end that brachyplast is connected far from male cone/male inflorescence.
Wherein, the air blast into isolator described in step 5), the time for blowing pollen is 5-10min；Air quantity is 3-4m3/
min。
In particular, outlet air bore (20 ± 2) mm of the air blower, rated power (900 ± 10) W；Operating voltage 220V.
When pollen is after air-flow blows the lower primary filter by the metal filter screen in isolator main part, it is blown into two times
In body pollen collector, intercepted by the filtering of the diploid pollen filter piece in diploid pollen collecting container, by diploid
Pollen is retained in diploid pollen collector, remaining common pollen, and continuation is blown into common pollen collector by air-flow, then
Filtering through the common pollen filter piece in common pollen collecting container intercepts, final to be all retained in common pollen collecting container
It is interior.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention, benefit are as follows:
(1) with it is traditional it is manual collect gingko pollen compared with, due to it is of the present invention be closing collection method, entirely
Collection process carries out all in collector, and pollen loss is few, is not in that (collection is under complete open condition when collecting by hand
Space carry out) with the wind or artificially the elegant situation into air is spread in vibration to pollen, simultaneously because pollen drifts few, air
Middle pollen amount is lower, respiratory tract will not be caused to injure collection personnel, reduces operator since the contact day after tomorrow causes
Pollen allergy.
(2) gingko pollen collection method of the invention, can be by the filter membrane with 40 μm of aperture, the flower that will be collected into
Powder is divided into two kinds by pollen diameter, i.e., common pollen (diameter is less than or equal to 40 μm) and diploid pollen (diameter is greater than 40 μm),
It has been done directly screening, separation and the purifying to the diploid gingko pollen that induction obtains is doubled in pollen mixture, has been isolated and purified
Pollen afterwards can be saved backup directly, cultivate triploid ginkgo plant for pollination hybridization from now on.
(3) gingko pollen collection device of the invention, it is light small and exquisite, indoors under field condition all can be used, can
The source for distinguishing pollen, can especially be collected separately the pollen of specified single male cone, not have during collecting outer
The unknown pollen in source is mixed into, and the gingko pollen being collected into can be directly used for carrying out artificialpollination operation.
(4) gingko pollen collection device of the invention is mainly blown into collection sky using large quantity of air when collecting pollen
Between, make in space after rapid air movement, pollen is taken away into sporangium using air-flow, and since air-flow is smaller and is not necessarily to extract
Ginkgo sporangium, therefore ginkgo plant will not be damaged, reduce conventional acquisition method during collection to the injury of ginkgo.
(5) apparatus of the present invention are equipped with independent collection vessel, in addition to that can spend by diploid pollen collecting container and commonly
Powder collection vessel connection placement can also be disposed individually according to demand for collecting outside ginkgo diploid pollen and common pollen respectively
Single common pollen collecting container, for small-scale simple collection pollen mixture, flexible operation, selection multiplicity can be quick
Convert collection mode.
(6) apparatus of the present invention are after collecting and completing gingko pollen, as storage device after directly collection vessel can be removed,
It is easy to operate, reduce the pollen loss during unloading, container cap is provided with the discoloration silica gel of dehumidifying effect, is more advantageous to
The long-term preservation of pollen, and it is reusable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is diploid pollen collecting device assembling schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the male flower branch fixator of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 2A is the vertical view signal that two half-covering tubes of male flower branch fixator of pollen classified collection device of the present invention do not splice
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the main view of the male flower branch fixator half-covering tube of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the rearview of the male flower branch fixator half-covering tube of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the isolator accommodating chamber of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the diploid pollen collector of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the common pollen collector of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is that male flower branch fixator, the isolator of pollen classified collection device of the present invention are fixed on male cone/male inflorescence company
Connect the assembling schematic diagram of brachyplast (conduit, air blower, male cone/male inflorescence are not shown)；
Fig. 9 be pollen classified collection device of the present invention male flower branch fixator be fixed on the male cone of plant long shoot limb/
The schematic diagram of male inflorescence connection brachyplast；
Figure 10 be the male flower branch fixator of pollen classified collection device of the present invention and isolator accommodating chamber to be fixed on plant long
The dry male cone of lopwood/male inflorescence connection brachyplast schematic diagram (conduit, air blower, male cone/male inflorescence are not shown)；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram for the long shoot limb that pollen classified collection device of the present invention is fixed on plant.
Description of symbols
1, male flower branch fixator；11,12, half-covering tube；13, fixed lobe；14, gasket；15, fixed rope；16, outer spiral shell
Line；17, casing inner cylinder；18, " one " type portion；19, " Shu " type portion (there is external screw thread)；20, Mosaic face；2, isolator；21, it is isolated
Device main part；22, isolator interconnecting piece；23, isolator fixed part；24, air inlet；25, metal filter screen；3, diploid pollen
Collector；31, diploid pollen filter piece；4, common pollen collector；41, common pollen filter piece；5, air blower；6, it leads
Pipe；7, male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；8, long shoot limb；9, male cone/male inflorescence.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But examples are merely exemplary for these, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, plant pollen collection device of the invention, including connection be successively linked in sequence, internal
Male flower branch fixator 1, isolator 2, diploid pollen collector 3, common pollen collector 4, and pass through conduit 6 with isolator
The air blower 5 being connected, wherein male flower branch fixator is fixed on plant male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast 7 when use；
One end of isolator is fixedly connected with male flower branch fixator；One end of diploid pollen collector and the other end of isolator are fixed
Connection；One end of monoploid pollen collector is fixedly connected with the other end of diploid pollen collector, and isolator, two times
Body pollen collector, common pollen collector connect brachyplast far from plant male cone/male inflorescence.The male flower being fixed together
The inside of branch fixator and isolator forms the cavity for accommodating male cone/male inflorescence and male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, Gu
Surely it is connected to inner containment male cone/male inflorescence of the isolator on male flower branch fixator, and in isolator close to male flower branch
One end of fixator is provided with the air blower 5 being connected with isolator, the air blast into pollen collecting device, natural wind simulating ring
Border.The male flower branch fixator being wherein fixed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast is the bottom of the pollen classified collection device
Portion, and be the top of the pollen classified collection device far from the common pollen collector of male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast.
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, male flower branch fixator is that section is spliced by two symmetrical half-covering tubes 11,12 in T
The casing of type.Spliced T-type casing includes " one " type portion 18 and " Shu " type portion 19, and the inside shape of spliced T-type casing
At the casing inner cylinder 17 (i.e. inside pipe casing cavity) of cylindrical, hollow, casing inner cylinder is for accommodating male cone/male inflorescence and male ball
The connection brachyplast of flower/male inflorescence；Two half-covering tubes respectively have a Mosaic face 20, when two half-covering tubes mutually splice, Mosaic face
It merges." one " the type portion pipe sleeve of T-type casing is connected on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, and male flower is known as in the present invention
The bottom of branch fixator T-type casing；" Shu " the type portion of casing is connected with isolator, and casing " Shu " type portion is connected with isolator
Part is known as the top of male flower branch fixator, as shown in Figure 8,9.
Such as Fig. 2,2A, 4, " one " the type portion for the male flower branch fixator being spliced to form integrally is in cuboid or the square bodily form,
" Shu " type portion generally cylinder type.The fixed rope 15 of 2 fixed lobes 13 and 1 piece is respectively arranged on the outside of each half-covering tube,
Fixed lobe is cuboid or the square bodily form, is located at the lower part in " one " type portion, and height is less than " one " the type portion of T-type casing
Highly；Fixed rope can be soft iron silk, rubber tightrope, Kev drawstring etc., for making 2 or so pairs by bundled fixed protrusion
The half-covering tube of title is clamped and is fixed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast, and is spliced into the casing of a complete T-type, simultaneously
The casing of complete T-type is firmly fastened on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast.It is any in this field can be by two
The solid thin cord that a object bundles may be used as fixation rope of the invention.
The internal sleeve formed after 2 half-covering tubes are spliced into T-type casing is arranged in 2 fixed lobes on each half-covering tube
On the extended line of the diameter of cylinder, i.e., 2 fixed lobes on each half-covering tube are located at half-covering tube along " one " on same straight line
On the extended line of type portion Mosaic face, such as Fig. 2A, 3,4.2 fixed lobes on i.e. each half-covering tube are mounted on when half-covering tube splices
The both ends of the radial extended line of the cylindrical inner cylinder formed when at T-type casing, the two on the same line, and 2 protrusions point
Not Wei Yu when half-covering tube splice when Mosaic face extended line on, i.e., 2 fixed lobes on each half-covering tube are fixedly mounted on
Being formed when 2 half-covering tubes are spliced into T-type casing " one " type portion is along the both ends of Mosaic face, that is to say, that when two half-covering tubes are spelled
When connecing, 4 fixed lobes of 2 half-covering tubes are merged in stitching portion, then use fixed rope by the splicing of 2 half-covering tubes
Fixed lobe is intertwined together.
Such as Fig. 2,2A, 3,4, the outside of two half-covering tubes is arranged in fixed rope (fixed soft iron silk), and of the invention is specific
In embodiment, when two half-covering tubes splice, the company of two fixed lobes of the line of 2 solid iron wires and each half-covering tube
Line is perpendicular.Two half-covering tubes are stitched together, T-type casing is formed, inside forms cylindrical casing inner cylinder (i.e. in casing
Portion's cavity), the fixed lobe at both ends is bundled with fixed iron wire, is socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；So
Fixed iron wire is wrapped on plant long shoot limb again afterwards, the bottom of T-type casing is connect brachyplast with plant and is securely fixed in
Together, and the inner cylinder of casing is made to wrap male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast.
Such as Fig. 2,2A, 3, the inner wall of T-type casing is provided with gasket 14, gasket with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, preferably
0.1-0.3mm, further preferably 0.2mm, gasket generally select latex gasket, i.e., symmetrical two half-covering tubes
Inner wall is provided with gasket along inner wall, when two half-covering tubes are stitched together in use, making T-type internal surface of sleeve pipe and being located at set
The gap closing between male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast in pipe inner cylinder, prevents pollen to be collected from T-type casing and male ball
It drifts away at gap position between flower/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；The thickness of gasket is according to male cone/male inflorescence to be socketed
Depending on the thickness for connecting brachyplast, when male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast is thicker, then it is thin to seal mat thickness, when male cone/male inflorescence
Connect brachyplast it is thin, then seal mat thickness thickness, usual gasket with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm.
As the outside of Fig. 4, " Shu " the type portion of half-covering tube have screw thread, after two half-covering tubes are spliced into T-type casing, T-type set
The outside of pipe forms complete external screw thread, that is, has external screw thread on the upper outside wall of the T-type casing formed, pass through with isolator
Screw thread is fixed together, and forms relatively closed receiving male cone/male inflorescence container.
Such as Fig. 8-11, " one " the type portion that the T-type casing that brachyplast is in contact is connect with male cone/male inflorescence is fixed for male flower branch
The lower part of device, and the bottom of pollen classified collection device of the present invention；" Shu " the type portion for the T-type casing being fixedly connected with isolator
Part is the top of male flower branch fixator, i.e. male flower branch fixator connect one end that brachyplast is in contact with male cone/male inflorescence and is
The lower part of male flower branch fixator, and one end far from connection brachyplast is the top of male flower branch fixator.
" one " the type portion (i.e. bottom) for the T-type casing being spliced into the specific embodiment of the invention with two half-covering tubes is positive
For cube shape, such as Fig. 2；Side length is 1.5cm (usually 1-2cm)；Fixed lobe is cuboid or the square bodily form, height
Less than the height in " one " the type portion of T-type casing, height is 0.3cm (usually 0.2-0.5cm).Fixed rope select diameter for
The soft iron silk of 2mm, the diameter of casing inner cylinder are 1.3cm (usually 0.8-1.5cm).
As shown in Figure 1,5, isolator 2 includes from device main part 21, interconnecting piece 22, fixed part 23, air inlet 24, air blower
5 and conduit 6, it is wherein linked in sequence between isolator main part, interconnecting piece and fixed part in one, and its internal connection, isolation
Device main part, interconnecting piece and fixed part are coaxial, form isolator accommodating chamber.The fixed part of isolator is fixed with male flower branch fixator
Connection is the lower part of isolator；Isolator interconnecting piece links into an integrated entity main part and fixed part；Isolator main part and two times
Body pollen collector is fixedly connected, and is the top of isolator far from male flower branch fixator.Air inlet is provided with isolator main part
Close to one end of interconnecting piece, air blower is connect by conduit with air inlet, and the air blast into isolator, natural wind simulating environment is blown
The pollen for cracking out on male cone/male inflorescence microsporangium on dynamic connection brachyplast, drifts pollen.When pollen collection packaging
It sets when stopping using, dismantles conduit and air blower, then block air inlet with sealing-plug.
Isolator main part is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, and isolator interconnecting piece is the internal rotary table with cavity,
Isolator fixed part is the internal cylindrical body with cavity.The diameter of main part is greater than the diameter of fixed part.
The size in " Shu " the type portion of the diameter and male flower branch fixator T-type casing top of fixed part is adapted (i.e. and male flower branch
The outer diameter of the inner cylinder 17 of the casing of fixator is adapted), and the inside of fixed part has internal screw thread, with male flower branch fixator
" Shu " the type portion external screw thread of T-type casing be threadedly coupled；Or fixed part has clamping groove and hero far from one end of main part
The clamping groove on the top of spray fixator is mutually clamped, is fixed together.The main part and diploid pollen collector of isolator
It is connected, the internal partial wall being connected with diploid pollen collector is with internal screw thread or outer wall with external screw thread or in Qi Ding
End has clamping groove, is threadedly coupled or is clamped with diploid pollen collector.Main part is internally provided with metal filter screen 25,
The impurity such as shrivelled pollen bag, petal piece or the vanelets in pollen are mingled in for primary filtration, metal filter screen is arranged in master
One end of near diploid pollen collector is leaned in body portion, i.e., in the close one end being close with diploid pollen collector of main part
It is internally provided with metal filter screen.The diameter of metal filter screen and the internal diameter of isolator main part are adapted.Circular platform type interconnecting piece
Inside there is truncated cone-shaped cavity, upper bottom surface is connected with main part, and bottom surface is connected with fixed part.Main part it is straight
Diameter is identical as the diameter of the upper bottom surface of interconnecting piece, and the diameter of the lower part of interconnecting piece and the diameter of fixed part are identical.
Isolator fixed part is fixedly connected with (such as threaded connection, clamping etc.), isolator master with the male flower branch fixator
Body portion is fixedly connected with (such as threaded connection, clamping etc.) with the diploid pollen collector.
The outer spiral shell of " Shu " the type portion outer wall of isolator fixed part and male flower branch fixator casing in the specific embodiment of the invention
Line is connected through a screw thread mode and is fixedly connected, and in addition to this, other, which are such as clamped, rivet, weld the mode of being fixedly connected is applicable in
In the present invention；Isolator main part and diploid pollen collector are connected through a screw thread integrally, other than being threadedly coupled,
He is fixedly connected with the modes such as mode, such as clamping, riveting, welding and is suitable for the present invention.
The main part of isolator, interconnecting piece and fixed part are by the PE material with a thickness of 1mm in specific embodiment of the invention mode
Material is made, wherein the outer diameter 2.6cm of the cylindrical cavity of main part, internal diameter 2.5cm, long 6cm；The fixed part inner cylinder bodily form
The outer diameter 1.55cm of cavity, internal diameter 1.45cm, long 0.5cm；The diameter of fixed part and male flower branch fixator upper sleeve inner cylinder
Diameter matches；The upper bottom surface internal diameter of interconnecting piece is 2.5cm, and bottom surface internal diameter is 1.45cm, high 0.5cm；The upper bottom of interconnecting piece
Face diameter is identical as the diameter of main part, and the diameter of bottom surface is identical as fixed part diameter；The diameter of metal filter screen be isolated
The internal diameter of device main part is adapted, and aperture is 5-30 mesh (preferably 20 mesh), metal filter screen isolation by distance device main body with two times
Body pollen collector be connected one end distance be 0.2-1.0cm (preferably 0.5cm).
Such as Fig. 6, diploid pollen collector is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, is internally provided with retention diploid pollen
Diploid pollen filter piece 31, the diameter of diploid pollen filter piece is consistent with the internal diameter of diploid pollen collector.Two
Times body pollen collector is diploid pollen collector lower part close to male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast one end, far from hero ball
One end that flower/male inflorescence connects brachyplast is diploid pollen collector top.
One end of diploid pollen collector is connected with the main part of the isolator, close with the isolator
The inner wall of one end that main part is connected with internal screw thread or outer wall have external screw thread or diploid pollen collector with every
The top of the one end being connected from device main part has clamping groove, is threadedly coupled or is clamped with the main part of isolator；Diploid
The other end of pollen collector is fixedly connected with the common pollen collector, close with the common pollen collector phase
The inner wall of one end of connection is with internal screw thread or outer wall with external screw thread or in diploid pollen collector and common pollen collection
The top of one end that storage is connected has clamping groove, is threadedly coupled or is clamped with common pollen collector.
Diploid pollen filter piece is positioned close to the inside of the one end being connected with common pollen collector, retains two times
Body pollen, diploid pollen filter piece are positioned close to be connected with common pollen collector at a distance from one end as 0.2-1.0cm
(preferably 0.5cm).
The aperture of diploid pollen filter piece is depending on the size of the diploid pollen of different plants, usually less than plant
Diploid pollen diameter and be greater than the common pollen diameter of the plant, be usually 20 μm -80 μm in the present invention, such as ginkgo plant
The diameter of diploid pollen is usually 41 μm -60 μm, then the aperture of diploid pollen filter piece is 40 μm.
It is interior with the outer diameter 2.6cm of the cylindrical cavity of diploid pollen collector in specific embodiment of the invention mode
Diameter 2.5cm, long 1.5cm, both sides are open, by being made with a thickness of the PE material of 1mm；The diameter of diploid pollen filter piece and two times
The internal diameter of body pollen collector is adapted, and diploid pollen filter piece and diploid pollen collector inboard wall of cylinder closely connect,
Diaphragm thickness 0.05mm is uniform-distribution on diaphragm for the aperture of 40 μ m diameters and is illustrated, and other sizes are also applied for this
Invention.
Such as Fig. 7, common pollen collector is the internal cylindrical body with cavity, is internally provided with the common monoploid of retention
The common pollen filter piece 41 of pollen, the diameter of common pollen filter piece are consistent with the internal diameter of common pollen collector.Commonly
Pollen collector is the lower part of common pollen collector close to male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast one end, far from male cone/hero
One end that inflorescence connects brachyplast is the top of common pollen collector.
One end of common pollen collector is connected with the diploid pollen collector, close to spend with the diploid
The inner wall of one end that powder collector is connected is with internal screw thread or outer wall with external screw thread or in common pollen collector and two
The top of one end that times body pollen collector is connected has clamping groove, is threadedly coupled or is clamped with diploid pollen collector；
The other end of common pollen collector is open；Common pollen filter piece is positioned close to the open one end of common pollen collector
Inside, for retaining common pollen,
The inside of the open one end of common pollen collector is arranged in common pollen filter piece, retains common monoploid pollen,
The distance of the open one end of the common pollen collector of common pollen filter piece setting positional distance be 0.2-1.0cm (preferably
0.5cm)。
The aperture of common pollen filter piece is depending on the size of the common pollen of different plants, and usually less than plant is common
Pollen diameter is usually 10 μm -50 μm in the present invention, such as the diameter of common pollen of ginkgo plant is usually 21 μm -38 μm,
Then the aperture of common pollen filter piece is 20 μm.
With the outer diameter 2.6cm of the cylindrical cavity of common pollen collector, internal diameter in specific embodiment of the invention mode
2.5cm, long 3cm, both sides are open, by being made with a thickness of the PE material of 1mm；The diameter of diploid pollen filter piece and diploid flower
The internal diameter of powder collector is adapted, and filter and diploid pollen collector inboard wall of cylinder closely connect, diaphragm thickness 0.05mm,
It is uniform-distribution with for the aperture of 20 μ m diameters and is illustrated on diaphragm, other sizes are also applied for the present invention.
Top cover (not shown), the size of top cover and common flower can also be arranged in the open one end of common pollen collector
The diameter of powder collector is consistent, for plant pollen collector when not in use, by common pollen collecting device close, with protect
Hold it is clean inside plant pollen collection device, in use, may cause pollution after avoiding.It is open in common pollen collector
The inner wall of one end with internal screw thread or outer wall there is external screw thread or in one end that common pollen collector is connected with top cover
Top have clamping groove, be threadedly coupled or be clamped with top cover.
Plant pollen categorised collection method of the present invention, the working principle of pollen classified collection device of the invention is with ginkgo
It is illustrated for powder categorised collection:
1. male cone/male inflorescence selects and doubles induction processing:
When plant male cone/male inflorescence 9 not yet enters meiosis, the male cone to be collected is chosen, is selected in just
It is frequently grown position, single growth, connects brachyplast diameter in the male cone of 0.8-1.2cm range；Using colchicin to ginkgo hero
Globe daisy carries out doubling induction processing.
Double induction processing and generally use the colchicin aqueous solution soaking of 0.5-1.0% to handle the plant of pollen to be collected
Male cone/male inflorescence, soaking time 40-50h.0.6% colchicin aqueous solution is generally selected to soak in the method for the present invention
Bubble processing 48h；Ginkgo male cone 48h is handled using 0.6% colchicin aqueous solution soaking in the specific embodiment of the invention.
2. male flower branch fixator is installed:
If the two symmetrical half-covering tubes in left and right are respectively placed in the male cone both sides after inducing and processing by Fig. 8,9,
Symmetrical two half-covering tubes are stitched together, the inner cylindrical cavity formed after being merged using 2 half-covering tubes, by male cone
Connection brachyplast is clamped in spliced T-type casing (i.e. male flower branch fixator) inside, will using the fixation rope outside half-covering tube
Fixed lobe on symmetrical two half-covering tubes is intertwined, fixed, and then fixed rope is fastened in silver again
On the long shoot limb 8 of apricot, so that on the connection brachyplast for being installed to male cone that male flower branch fixator consolidates.
3. installing isolator accommodating chamber:
And male flower such as Figure 10, the fixed part of isolator is connected through a screw thread, is mounted on the top of male flower branch fixator, i.e.,
The upper end with external screw thread " Shu " type portion of branch fixator is connected through a screw thread with tool internal thread isolator fixed part, is screwed,
It is integrally fixed with male flower branch fixator, isolator main part, interconnecting piece and the fixed part being mounted on male flower branch fixator are in
One is linked in sequence, and its internal connection, formation can be accommodated to male cone/male inflorescence isolator accommodating chamber.
4. the development of male cone/male inflorescence:
After the isolator accommodating chamber for installing pollen classified collection device, pass through air inlet on isolator main part and master
Metal filter screen (aperture: 20 mesh or 0.90mm) inside body portion guarantees pollen collecting device isolator inside and external environment
Air circulation, make through colchicin double induction it is processed after ginkgo male cone continue in pollen collector isolator just
Often development, until microsporangium will start loose powder (color gradually becomes golden yellow from yellow green).
5. installing diploid, monoploid pollen collector:
It, will be every when ginkgo microsporangium will start loose powder (color gradually becomes golden yellow from yellow green) such as Figure 11
It is connect by conduit 6 (usually selection rubber hose) with air blower from the air inlet on device main part, then by diploid, Dan Bei
Body pollen collector sequence is installed, i.e., utilizes diploid pollen collector on external screw thread or the inside on the outer wall at its both ends
Internal screw thread on internal screw thread, with inner wall of the isolator main part with metal filter screen side or the external screw thread on outside connect after screwing
It connects；Common pollen collector is connected through a screw thread and two times using the external screw thread on its outer wall or the internal screw thread on inside again
Body pollen collector connects after screwing with the external screw thread on the internal screw thread or outer wall on the inner wall of diploid pollen filter piece side
It connects.
6. diploid pollen collecting:
After waiting microsporangium to split and (start loose powder), air blower is opened, to the isolator main part of pollen collecting device
It is inside persistently pumped into air 5-10min, makes the gingko pollen for having cracked out from ginkgo microsporangium blowing through air-flow, is led to
After crossing the primary filter of the metal filter screen in isolator main part, it is blown into diploid pollen collecting container, by diploid
Filtration membrane on pollen collecting container with 40 μ m diameter apertures, which filters, to be intercepted, and ginkgo diploid pollen is retained in diploid
In pollen collector, and remaining common gingko pollen, continuation are blown into common pollen collector by air-flow, then through common pollen
Filtration membrane on collection vessel with 20 μ m diameter apertures, which filters, to be intercepted, final to be all retained in common pollen collecting container
It is interior.
7. pollen stores:
Diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector are reversely rotated, separated from branch, it respectively will classification
It is collected in the diploid pollen in diploid pollen collector, the common monoploid pollen in common pollen collector takes out, shifting
Enter in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, is sealed spare.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plant pollen classified collection device, characterized in that including male flower branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collection
Storage, common pollen collector, wherein the male cone of the male flower branch fixator and plant/fixed company of male inflorescence connection brachyplast
It connects, and male flower branch fixator, isolator, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector are linked in sequence integrally, and interior
Portion's connection, the inside for being fixedly connected on the isolator on male flower branch fixator, which is formed, accommodates male cone/male inflorescence cavity.
2. collection device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the whole T-shaped casing of the male flower branch fixator, by
Two symmetrical half-covering tubes are spliced into, and the inside of spliced T-shaped male flower branch fixator casing is formed in cylinder
Empty set pipe inner cylinder connects brachyplast for accommodating and fixing male cone/male inflorescence.
3. collection device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the T-type male flower branch fixator casing includes in " one " type
" one " type portion and be in " Shu " type " Shu " type portion, the described sleeve pipe inner cylinder formed after splicing penetrates through the male flower branch fixator
" one " type portion and " Shu " type portion.
4. collection device a method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the isolator is by coaxial main part, connection
Portion and fixed part composition, are linked in sequence integral between isolator main part, interconnecting piece and fixed part, and its internal connection.
5. the collection device as described in claim 4 is any, characterized in that the isolator further includes conduit and air blower, drum
Blower is connected by conduit with the main part of the isolator, by air blower, to isolator inside air blast, natural wind simulating ring
Border blows the pollen for cracking out on male cone/male inflorescence microsporangium inside isolator, drifts it.
6. collection device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the isolator main part and the diploid pollen collecting
Device is fixedly connected；The interconnecting piece links into an integrated entity main part and fixed part；The fixed part is fixed with male flower branch fixator
Connection.
7. collection device a method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the diploid pollen collector has for inside
The cylindrical body of cavity, one end are fixedly connected with the isolator, and the other end is fixedly connected with the common pollen collector,
And it is internally provided with the diploid pollen filter piece of retention diploid pollen.
8. collection device a method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the common pollen collector is internal with sky
The cylindrical body of chamber, one end are fixedly connected with the diploid pollen collector, and the other end is open, and is internally provided with retention
The common pollen filter piece of monoploid pollen.
9. a kind of method using the plant pollen classified collection device categorised collection pollen as described in claim 1-8 is any,
It is characterized in, includes the following steps:
1) selection is in normal growth position, the male cone/male inflorescence individually grown, then to the hero for entering meiosis prophase
Globe daisy/male inflorescence carries out doubling induction processing；
2) male flower branch fixator is socketed on male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast by doubling induction processing, and will be male
It is fixed on after the binding of spray fixator on the raw long limb of male cone/male inflorescence connection brachyplast；
3) isolator is fixedly connected with male flower branch fixator；And make the inside and outside air circulation of isolator, doubled induction processing
Male cone/male inflorescence normal development in isolator afterwards, until microsporangium will start loose powder；
4) when observing that microsporangium will start loose powder, by diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector with it is described
Isolator sequence is installed,
5) after microsporangium splits, the air blast into isolator cavity is sent into air, makes the pollen for having cracked out through air-flow
Blow, successively pass through isolator main part, diploid pollen collector, common pollen collector, classification receipts are carried out to pollen
Collection.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the air blast into isolator described in step 5), blow pollen when
Between be 5-10min.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810013785 | 2018-01-08 | ||
| CN2018100137854 | 2018-01-08 |
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| CN201810409063.0A Active CN110012724B (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-02 | Plant pollen classifying and collecting device and method for classifying and collecting plant pollen |
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| CN (1) | CN110012724B (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN110012724B (en) | 2020-08-21 |
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