CN110012723B - Double-row self-propelled flax harvester and hydraulic transmission system thereof - Google Patents

Double-row self-propelled flax harvester and hydraulic transmission system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110012723B
CN110012723B CN201910220883.XA CN201910220883A CN110012723B CN 110012723 B CN110012723 B CN 110012723B CN 201910220883 A CN201910220883 A CN 201910220883A CN 110012723 B CN110012723 B CN 110012723B
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hemp
pulling
oil
motor
conveying
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CN110012723A (en
Inventor
刘曰兴
谢宣明
张国清
张瑞成
吴立东
周鲁军
成国庆
魏宪举
王玉平
魏伟
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Yuyue Home Textile Co Ltd
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Yuyue Home Textile Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/06Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D69/00Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D69/03Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/17Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/023Excess flow valves, e.g. for locking cylinders in case of hose burst
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/06Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/041Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/042Controlling the temperature of the fluid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-row self-propelled flax pulling machine and a hydraulic transmission system thereof. The double-row self-propelled hemp pulling machine comprises a self-propelled machine frame, and the hemp pulling mechanism, the hemp conveying mechanism and the hemp dropping mechanism are arranged on the self-propelled machine frame in sequence from front to back. The high-power hemp pulling motor and the low-power hemp conveying motor are reasonably matched, so that hemp pulling and conveying efficiency is improved, and the subsequent hemp laying is tidier. The double-row hemp pulling platform greatly improves hemp pulling efficiency and effectively reduces hemp pulling cost. The hydraulic transmission system comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a diesel engine, a left traveling motor, a right traveling motor, a first high-pressure overflow valve, a second high-pressure overflow valve, a first hot oil shuttle valve, a first low-pressure overflow valve, a traveling bidirectional variable pump, a hemp pulling motor, a left hemp conveying motor, a right hemp conveying motor, a third high-pressure overflow valve, a fourth high-pressure overflow valve, a second hot oil shuttle valve, a second low-pressure overflow valve and a hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump, and a transmission gearbox is omitted, so that the whole machine has a simple structure and extremely low failure rate.

Description

Double-row self-propelled flax harvester and hydraulic transmission system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting machinery, in particular to a double-row self-propelled flax harvester and a hydraulic transmission system thereof.
Background
Flax is the earliest natural plant fiber used by human beings, originates from coasts of the east and the Mediterranean, and has the characteristics of strong tension, softness, good fineness, weak electric conduction, quick water absorption and dispersion, large expansion rate and the like, and can spin high count yarns and high-grade clothing. Development of agricultural mechanization is an urgent need for construction of modern agriculture. Agricultural mechanization is the development direction of modern agriculture, and flax working machines mainly comprise seed cleaning machines, seeding machines, flax pulling machines, threshing machines, turnover threshing machines, flax turning machines, bundling machines, decorticators and the like.
Timely harvesting of flax is a key to ensuring high yield and harvest of flax and improving fiber quality. The harvesting is too early, the fiber is too mature, the hemp stems are easy to fall green and stand, the quality of hemp is reduced, and currently, a self-propelled hemp pulling machine and a Russian combined hemp pulling machine are mostly adopted in China. With the development of the whole-process mechanized production technology of flax, the whole-process mechanized production of flax is a precondition and foundation of high quality and high yield of flax during mechanized harvesting of flax, and the traction flax harvester has the defects of superposition of harvested flax layers, large inclination angle of the flax layers, poor uniformity of roots and the like due to the limitations of the structure and the principle of the flax harvester, so that great inconvenience is brought to subsequent mechanized operation, and even mechanical flax turning, threshing and bundling operation cannot be performed subsequently. The self-propelled flax harvester plays an important role in the whole-process mechanical operation of flax.
However, the self-propelled flax harvester in the prior art is mechanically driven, and the transmission gearbox in the self-propelled flax harvester is required to complete the walking function, the flax pulling function of front power output and the flax conveying and spreading function of side power output. Therefore, the transmission gearbox has the advantages of complex structure, extremely high failure rate, long maintenance period and low productivity. In addition, the self-propelled flax harvester in the prior art is a single-line operation harvester, namely, two front clamping conveying channels are arranged behind two adjacent flax pulling operation areas on the left side and the right side of the flax pulling table, and two steering wheels are arranged at the rear end in parallel up and down. Therefore, the production efficiency is low, the large-area flax planting cannot be met, the relative cost is high, the wheel track is narrow, the flax is easy to press, the flax is damaged and lost, and the harvesting requirement condition is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-row self-propelled flax harvester and a hydraulic transmission system thereof, which are used for solving the problems of extremely high fault rate, long maintenance period and low productivity of the existing self-propelled flax harvester.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a double-row self-propelled flax pulling machine, comprising a self-propelled frame, wherein the flax pulling mechanism, the flax conveying mechanism and the flax dropping mechanism are mounted on the self-propelled frame in the order from front to back, wherein:
the hemp pulling mechanism comprises a double-row hemp pulling table, an oil cylinder and a hemp pulling motor, wherein the hemp pulling motor is arranged on the double-row hemp pulling table and drives the double-row hemp pulling table through a power distribution box, and the back surface of the double-row hemp pulling table is connected to the self-propelled frame; the oil cylinder is connected between the self-propelled frame and the double-row hemp pulling table.
The hemp conveying mechanism comprises a left hemp conveying frame, a right hemp conveying frame, a left hemp conveying motor, a right hemp conveying motor, a left hemp conveying wheel and a right hemp conveying wheel, wherein the left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor are respectively and correspondingly connected to the self-propelled frame through the left hemp conveying frame and the right hemp conveying frame, and the left hemp conveying wheel and the right hemp conveying wheel are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor, and are connected in parallel.
The hemp dropping mechanism comprises a left forced hemp dropping mechanism and a right forced hemp dropping mechanism which are symmetrically arranged, the left forced hemp dropping mechanism and the right forced hemp dropping mechanism are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the tail parts of the left hemp conveying frame and the right hemp conveying frame, and the left forced hemp dropping mechanism and the right forced hemp dropping mechanism are respectively and correspondingly connected with a left hemp conveying wheel and a right hemp conveying wheel through a left hemp conveying belt and a right hemp conveying belt.
The hemp pulling motor, the left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor are all hydraulic motors.
Optionally, the left universal joint and the right universal joint are correspondingly installed on the wheel shafts of the left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor respectively, and the left universal joint and the right universal joint are mutually in fork joint.
Optionally, the walking machine further comprises a walking mechanism, wherein the walking mechanism comprises a left walking wheel, a right walking wheel, a left walking motor, a right walking motor, a left steering wheel and a right steering wheel which are arranged at the bottom of the self-walking frame, the left steering wheel and the right steering wheel are respectively and correspondingly positioned in front of the left walking wheel and the right walking wheel, the left walking wheel and the right walking wheel are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the left walking motor and the right walking motor, and the left walking motor and the right walking motor are connected in parallel; the left walking motor and the right walking motor are both hydraulic motors.
Optionally, the back surfaces of the double-row hemp pulling platforms are connected to the self-propelled rack through hemp pulling platform pin shafts; the lower end of the oil cylinder is connected to the self-propelled rack through an oil cylinder lower pin shaft, and the upper end of the oil cylinder is connected with the double-row hemp pulling table through an oil cylinder upper pin shaft; the upper end and the lower end of the left hemp conveying frame are connected to the self-propelled frame through the upper pin roll of the left hemp conveying frame and the lower pin roll of the left hemp conveying frame, and the upper end and the lower end of the right hemp conveying frame are connected to the self-propelled frame through the upper pin roll of the right hemp conveying frame and the lower pin roll of the right hemp conveying frame.
Optionally, the double-row hemp pulling platform comprises a left hemp pulling mechanism, a right hemp pulling mechanism and a hemp pulling frame, wherein the left hemp pulling mechanism and the right hemp pulling mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the hemp pulling frame; the left and right plucking mechanisms are respectively provided with: the hemp pulling driving wheel is arranged at the middle rear part of the hemp pulling frame and is driven by the hemp pulling motor through the power distribution box; the hemp pulling wheel is arranged at the front part of the hemp pulling frame; the hemp pulling elastic wheel is respectively positioned in front of and behind the hemp pulling elastic wheel and is arranged on the hemp pulling adjusting rod, and the hemp pulling adjusting rod is movably connected with the hemp pulling elastic wheel; the hemp pulling and pressing wheel is arranged on the hemp pulling frame and is positioned between the hemp pulling driving wheel and the hemp pulling wheel; the hemp pulling rubber belt is connected with a hemp pulling driving wheel, a hemp pulling elastic wheel and a hemp pulling pinch roller, and the front end of the hemp pulling rubber belt is enveloped on the hemp pulling wheel; the overturning driving wheel is arranged on the hemp pulling frame, is positioned behind the hemp pulling driving wheel and is driven by the hemp pulling motor through the power distribution box; the turnover elastic wheel is movably connected with the hemp pulling frame through a turnover elastic swinging rod and is positioned at the rear of the driving wheel; the overturning pinch roller is arranged on the hemp pulling frame and is positioned behind the overturning elastic wheel; the reversing wheel is arranged at the rear end of the hemp pulling frame; the turnover rubber belt is connected with a turnover driving wheel and a turnover elastic wheel, and the turnover pinch roller is positioned at the outer side of the turnover rubber belt.
Optionally, the left forced hemp dropping mechanism comprises a first left rear hemp dropping belt, a second left rear hemp dropping belt, a left hemp conveying driven wheel, a first left hemp dropping wheel, a second left hemp dropping wheel, a left hemp dropping driven wheel and a left hemp dropping frame, wherein the left hemp conveying wheel is connected with the left hemp conveying driven wheel through the left hemp conveying belt, and the left hemp conveying driven wheel is rotationally connected with the left hemp dropping frame through a left hemp conveying driven shaft; the first left hemp dropping wheel and the second left hemp dropping wheel are connected to the left hemp conveying driven shaft and are positioned at two sides of the left hemp conveying driven shaft; the left doffing driven wheel is rotationally connected with the left doffing frame through a left doffing driven shaft; the first left doffing wheel and the second left doffing wheel are correspondingly connected with a left doffing driven wheel through a first left rear doffing belt and a second left rear doffing belt respectively.
The right forced doffing mechanism comprises a first right rear doffing belt, a second right rear doffing belt, a right doffing driven wheel, a first right doffing wheel, a second right doffing wheel, a right doffing driven wheel and a right doffing frame, wherein the right doffing wheel is connected with the right doffing driven wheel through the right doffing belt, the right doffing driven wheel is rotationally connected with the right doffing frame through a right doffing driven shaft, and the right doffing frame is connected with the self-propelled frame; the first right hemp dropping wheel and the second right hemp dropping wheel are connected to the right hemp conveying driven shaft and are positioned at two sides of the right hemp conveying driven wheel; the right doffing driven wheel is rotationally connected with the right doffing frame through a right doffing driven shaft; the first right doffing wheel and the second right doffing wheel are correspondingly connected with the right doffing driven wheel through the first right rear doffing belt and the second right rear doffing belt respectively.
The invention also provides a hydraulic transmission system of the double-row self-propelled hemp pulling machine, which comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a diesel engine, a left traveling motor, a right traveling motor, a first high-pressure overflow valve, a second high-pressure overflow valve, a first hot oil shuttle valve, a first low-pressure overflow valve, a traveling bidirectional variable pump, a hemp pulling motor, a left hemp conveying motor, a right hemp conveying motor, a third high-pressure overflow valve, a fourth high-pressure overflow valve, a second hot oil shuttle valve, a second low-pressure overflow valve and a hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump, wherein: the low-pressure ends of the left walking motor, the right walking motor, the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor, the oil supplementing hole and the oil drain port of the walking bidirectional variable pump and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump, and the first low-pressure overflow valve and the second low-pressure overflow valve are all connected with a hydraulic oil tank.
An oil inlet of the left traveling motor and an oil inlet of the right traveling motor are connected with a high-pressure end of the first high-pressure overflow valve, a low-pressure end of the second high-pressure overflow valve, a port of the first hot oil shuttle valve and an oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump in parallel; the other oil inlet of the left traveling motor is connected with the other oil inlet of the right traveling motor in parallel with the low-pressure end of the first high-pressure overflow valve, the high-pressure end of the second high-pressure overflow valve, the other port of the first hot oil shuttle valve and the other oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump; the high pressure end of the first low pressure relief valve is connected to the oil outlet of the first hot oil shuttle valve.
An oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor is connected with one end of the second hot oil shuttle valve, the high-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve, the low-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve and an oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump; one oil inlet of the left hemp conveying motor and one oil inlet of the right hemp conveying motor are connected to the other oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor in parallel, and the other oil inlets of the left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor are connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve, the low pressure end of the fourth high pressure overflow valve, the high pressure end of the third high pressure overflow valve and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump in parallel; the high-pressure end of the second low-pressure overflow valve is connected to the oil outlet of the second hot oil shuttle valve.
The walking bidirectional variable pump and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump are connected to the diesel engine.
Optionally, the filter further comprises an oil absorption filter and an oil return filter, wherein: an oil absorption filter is arranged between the oil supplementing holes of the walking bidirectional variable pump and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump and the hydraulic oil tank; an oil return filter is arranged between the hydraulic oil tank and the low-pressure ends of the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor, the walking bidirectional variable pump and the oil drain port of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump, the first low-pressure overflow valve and the second low-pressure overflow valve.
Alternatively, the process may be carried out in a single-stage, also included is a high pressure filter, wherein: the other oil inlets of the left and right hemp conveying motors are connected in parallel to one end of a high-pressure filter, and the other end of the high-pressure filter is connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve, the low-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve, the high-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump.
Optionally, a heat sink is further included, wherein: and a radiator is arranged between the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve and the second low-pressure overflow valve and the oil return filter.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The flax pulling motor drives the double-row flax pulling platform to pull up standing flax, the flax pulling platform is divided into two strands to be conveyed upwards and generate 90 degrees to enable the flax to be conveyed horizontally, the flax is conveyed backwards through the left flax conveying belt and the right flax conveying belt, and finally the flax is uniformly placed on the ground through the left-right forced flax dropping mechanism. The left hemp conveying motor and the right hemp conveying motor are connected in parallel, so that the high-power hemp pulling motor and the low-power hemp conveying motor are reasonably matched, the hemp pulling and conveying efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the hemp can be synchronously conveyed on the two hemp conveying belts, the damage to the hemp is reduced, and the subsequent hemp is laid more neatly.
(2) The double-row hemp pulling table is used in the invention, so that hemp pulling efficiency is greatly improved, and hemp pulling cost is effectively reduced. Besides, the two steps of pulling out the hemp and overturning are completed by using the hemp pulling rubber belt and the overturning rubber belt respectively, and the hemp pulling rubber belt and the overturning rubber belt can be detached and maintained or replaced respectively, so that the service life of the double-row hemp pulling table is prolonged.
(3) The hydraulic transmission system provided by the invention realizes the hydraulic independent stepless speed regulation of the walking function, can simultaneously complete the independent stepless speed regulation function of the flax pulling and the flax delivering and spreading after the flax pulling and the flax delivering and spreading, and omits a transmission gearbox, so that the whole machine has a simple structure, extremely low failure rate and very convenient use, maintenance and repair.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-row self-propelled flax pulling machine provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hemp conveying mechanism provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hemp pulling mechanism provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the doffing mechanism provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic transmission system of a double-row self-propelled flax pulling machine provided by the invention.
In the above fig. 1 to 5, the respective reference numerals denote:
1-a self-propelled chassis;
the novel hemp pulling machine comprises a 21-double-row hemp pulling table, a 22-oil cylinder, a 23-hemp pulling motor, a 24-power distribution box, a 25-hemp pulling table pin roll, a 26-oil cylinder lower pin roll, a 27-oil cylinder upper pin roll, a 211-hemp pulling frame, a 212-hemp pulling driving wheel, a 213-hemp pulling wheel, a 214-hemp pulling elastic wheel, a 215-hemp pulling adjusting rod, a 216-hemp pulling pinch roller, a 217-hemp pulling rubber belt, a 218-turnover driving wheel, a 219-turnover elastic wheel, a 2110-turnover elastic swinging rod, a 2111-turnover pinch roller, a 2112-reversing wheel and a 2113-turnover rubber belt;
31-left hemp conveying frame, 32-right hemp conveying frame, 33-left hemp conveying motor, 34-right hemp conveying motor, 35-left hemp conveying wheel, 36-right hemp conveying wheel, 37-left hemp conveying belt, 38-right hemp conveying belt, 39-left universal joint, 310-right universal joint, 311-left hemp conveying frame upper pin, 312-left hemp conveying frame lower pin, 313-right hemp conveying frame upper pin, 314-right hemp conveying frame lower pin;
41-left forced doffing mechanism, 42-right forced doffing mechanism, 411-first left rear doffing belt, 412-second left rear doffing belt, 413-left doffing driven wheel, 414-first left doffing wheel, 415-second left doffing wheel, 416-left doffing driven wheel, 417-left doffing frame, 418-left doffing driven shaft, 419-left doffing driven shaft;
51-left travelling wheels, 53-left travelling motors and 55-left steering wheels;
6-a hydraulic oil tank;
7-diesel engine;
81-a first high-pressure overflow valve, 82-a second high-pressure overflow valve, 83-a third high-pressure overflow valve, 84-a fourth high-pressure overflow valve;
91-a first hot oil shuttle valve, 92-a second hot oil shuttle valve;
101-a first low-pressure overflow valve, 102-a second low-pressure overflow valve;
11-a walking bidirectional variable pump;
12-pulling out the hemp and conveying the hemp two-way variable pump;
13-an oil absorption filter;
14-oil return a filter;
15-a high pressure filter;
16-heat sink.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a double-row self-propelled flax harvester and a hydraulic transmission system thereof, which are used for solving the problems of extremely high fault rate, long maintenance period and low productivity of the existing self-propelled flax harvester. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the structure schematic diagram of a double-row self-propelled hemp pulling machine provided by the invention comprises a self-propelled frame 1, and is characterized in that a hemp pulling mechanism, a hemp conveying mechanism and a hemp dropping mechanism are arranged on the self-propelled frame 1 in sequence from front to back, wherein the structure of each mechanism is as follows:
the hemp pulling mechanism comprises a double-row hemp pulling table 21, an oil cylinder 22 and a hemp pulling motor 23, wherein the hemp pulling motor 23 is arranged on the double-row hemp pulling table 21 and drives the double-row hemp pulling table 21 through a power distribution box 24, and the back surface of the double-row hemp pulling table 21 is connected to the self-propelled frame 1; the oil cylinder 22 is connected between the self-propelled chassis 1 and the double-row hemp pulling table 21. The double-row plucking platform 21 comprises a left plucking mechanism, a right plucking mechanism and a plucking frame 211, wherein the left plucking mechanism and the right plucking mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the plucking frame 211. The left and right plucking mechanisms are respectively provided with: the hemp pulling driving wheel 212 is arranged at the middle rear part of the hemp pulling frame 211 and is driven by the hemp pulling motor 23 through the power distribution box 24; the hemp pulling wheel 213 is arranged at the front part of the hemp pulling frame 211; the hemp pulling elastic wheel 214 is respectively positioned in front of and behind the hemp pulling wheel 213 and is arranged on the hemp pulling adjusting rod 215, and the hemp pulling adjusting rod 215 is movably connected with the hemp pulling elastic wheel 214; the hemp pulling and pressing wheel 216 is arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211 and is positioned between the hemp pulling driving wheel 212 and the hemp pulling wheel 213; the hemp pulling rubber belt 217 is connected with the hemp pulling driving wheel 212, the hemp pulling elastic wheel 214 and the hemp pulling pinch roller 216, and the front end is enveloped on the hemp pulling wheel 213; the overturning driving wheel 218 is arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211, is positioned behind the hemp pulling driving wheel 212, and is driven by the hemp pulling motor 23 through the power distribution box 24; the turnover elastic wheel 219 is movably connected with the hemp pulling frame 211 through a turnover elastic swinging rod 2110 and is positioned behind the driving wheel 218; the overturning pinch roller 2111 is arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211 and is positioned behind the overturning elastic wheel 219; the reversing wheel 2112 is arranged at the rear end of the hemp pulling frame 211; the inversion rubber belt 2113 connects the inversion driving wheel 218 and the inversion elastic wheel 219, and the inversion pinch roller 2111 is located outside the inversion rubber belt 2113.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hemp pulling mechanism according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, taking a left hemp pulling mechanism as an example, four hemp pulling driving wheels 212 are symmetrically arranged at the middle and rear parts of the hemp pulling frame 211 in pairs. The four pulling wheels 213 are symmetrically arranged at the front part of the pulling frame 211 in pairs. The hemp pulling adjusting rods 215 are bent, and the bending positions are movably connected to the hemp pulling frame 211 in pairs through rotating shafts, and the hemp pulling wheels 213 are half-wrapped. Each hemp pulling adjusting rod 215 is provided with two hemp pulling elastic wheels 214 which are respectively positioned in front of and behind the hemp pulling wheels 213. The structure can adjust the tightness degree of the hemp pulling and reduce the damage of the hemp pulling to the hemp rod. The hemp pulling wheel 213 is a rubber wheel. The four hemp pulling and pressing pulleys 216 are arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211 in pairs, are positioned between the hemp pulling driving wheel 212 and the hemp pulling wheel 213, the hemp pulling rubber belt 217 is connected with the hemp pulling driving wheel 212, the hemp pulling and pressing pulley 214 and the hemp pulling and pressing pulley 216, and the front end of the hemp pulling rubber belt 217 is enveloped on the hemp pulling wheel 213. Two overturning driving wheels 218 are arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211, are respectively positioned behind one group of hemp pulling driving wheels 212, and are driven by the hemp pulling motor 23 through the power distribution box 24. The two overturning elastic wheels 219 are movably connected with the hemp pulling frame 211 through the overturning elastic swinging rods 2110, are positioned behind the overturning driving wheels 218, and the overturning pinch rollers 2111 are arranged on the hemp pulling frame 211 and are positioned behind the overturning elastic wheels 219. Two reversing wheels 2112 are horizontally and parallelly arranged at the rear end of the hemp pulling frame 211, a turnover rubber belt 2113 is connected with a turnover driving wheel 218 and a turnover elastic wheel 219, and a turnover pinch roller 2111 is positioned outside the turnover rubber belt 2113. Therefore, the two sets of hemp pulling mechanisms (i.e. double rows) drive the hemp pulling wheel 213 through the hemp pulling driving wheel 212 to pull out hemp under the auxiliary action of the hemp pulling adjusting rod 215 and the hemp pulling elastic wheel 214, along the hemp conveying channel formed by the four sets of hemp pulling rubber belts 217, the hemp pulling mechanism enters the vicinity of the turning driving wheel 218, two strands of hemp pulled out from the left and right hemp pulling mechanisms are combined into one strand, the hemp is turned by 90 degrees with the help of the turning elastic wheel 219 and the turning elastic swinging rod 2110, the extending direction of the hemp rod is changed, and the hemp pulling mechanism passes through the reversing wheel 2112 and enters the left and right hemp conveying belts. The double-row hemp pulling table 21 is used in the invention, so that hemp pulling efficiency is greatly improved, and hemp pulling cost is effectively reduced. In addition, the two steps of pulling out and overturning are respectively completed by using the pulling out rubber belt 217 and the overturning rubber belt 2113, and the two steps can be respectively detached for maintenance or replacement, so that the service life of the double-row pulling out table 21 is prolonged.
The hemp conveying mechanism comprises a left hemp conveying frame 31, a right hemp conveying frame 32, a left hemp conveying motor 33, a right hemp conveying motor 34, a left hemp conveying wheel 35 and a right hemp conveying wheel 36. As shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a hemp conveying mechanism. The left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 are correspondingly connected to the self-propelled frame 1 through the left hemp conveying frame 31 and the right hemp conveying frame 32 respectively, the left hemp conveying wheel 35 and the right hemp conveying wheel 36 are correspondingly arranged on the left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 respectively, and the left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 are connected in parallel. Specifically, the left and right universal joints 39 and 310 are correspondingly mounted on the wheel shafts of the left and right hemp conveying motors 33 and 34, respectively, and the left and right universal joints 39 and 310 are mutually and mutually connected in a fork joint. The hemp pulling motor 23, the left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 are all hydraulic motors. The traditional mechanical transmission is changed into hydraulic transmission, and the two hemp conveying motors are connected in parallel to be used, so that the high-power hemp pulling motor and the low-power hemp conveying motor are reasonably matched, the hemp pulling and conveying efficiency is improved, meanwhile, hemp can be synchronously transmitted on the two hemp conveying belts, damage to the hemp is reduced, and the subsequent hemp is laid more orderly.
The doffing mechanism comprises a left forced doffing mechanism 41 and a right forced doffing mechanism 42 which are symmetrically arranged, the left forced doffing mechanism 41 and the right forced doffing mechanism 42 are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the tail parts of the left hemp conveying frame 31 and the right hemp conveying frame 32, and the left forced doffing mechanism 41 and the right forced doffing mechanism 42 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the left hemp conveying wheel 35 and the right hemp conveying wheel 36 through the left hemp conveying belt 37 and the right hemp conveying belt 38.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to provide a doffing mechanism (a left forced doffing mechanism 41) according to the present invention, the left forced doffing mechanism 41 includes a first left rear doffing belt 411, a second left rear doffing belt 412, a left doffing driven wheel 413, a first left doffing wheel 414, a second left doffing wheel 415, a left doffing driven wheel 416, and a left doffing frame 417, the left doffing wheel 35 is connected to the left doffing driven wheel 413 through the left doffing belt 37, the left doffing driven wheel 413 is rotatably connected to the left doffing frame 417 through a left doffing driven shaft 418, and the left doffing frame 417 is connected to the self-propelled frame 1; the first left hemp dropping wheel 414 and the second left hemp dropping wheel 415 are connected to the left hemp conveying driven shaft 418 and are positioned at two sides of the left hemp conveying driven wheel 413; the left doffing driven wheel 416 is rotatably connected with a left doffing frame 417 through a left doffing driven shaft 419; the first left doffing wheel 414 and the second left doffing wheel 415 are respectively connected with the left doffing driven wheel 416 through the first left rear doffing belt 411 and the second left rear doffing belt 412. The right forced doffing mechanism 42 comprises a first right rear doffing belt 421, a second right rear doffing belt 422, a right doffing driven wheel 423, a first right doffing wheel 424, a second right doffing wheel 425, a right doffing driven wheel 426 and a right doffing frame 427, wherein the right doffing wheel 36 is connected with the right doffing driven wheel 423 through the right doffing belt 38, the right doffing driven wheel 423 is rotatably connected with the right doffing frame 427 through a right doffing driven shaft 428, and the right doffing frame 427 is connected with the self-propelled frame 1; the first right doffing wheel 424 and the second right doffing wheel 425 are connected to the right hemp conveying driven shaft 428 and are positioned at two sides of the right hemp conveying driven wheel 423; the right doffing driven wheel 426 is rotatably connected with a right doffing frame 427 through a right doffing driven shaft 429; the first right doffing wheel 424 and the second right doffing wheel 425 are respectively connected with the right doffing driven wheel 426 through the first right rear doffing belt 421 and the second right rear doffing belt 422. Because the old-fashioned flax pulling machine naturally lands by self weight during rear conveying, the roots are uneven after landing, and if wind is large, the phenomena of uneven roots and the transverse seven-vertical eight phenomenon of the flax are more serious, and finally the flax yield of the flax and the productivity of the flax pulling machine are affected; meanwhile, the uneven floor thickness affects the retting quality, and causes the problems of low strength, poor splitting degree, low comprehensive hemp yield and the like of the flax. The flax is conveyed to the ground in parallel through the flax dropping mechanism, so that the flax is enabled to be leveled and even, and the flax can normally work in a windy day.
The travelling mechanism comprises a left travelling wheel 51, a right travelling wheel 52, a left travelling motor 53, a right travelling motor 54, a left steering wheel 55 and a right steering wheel 56 which are arranged at the bottom of the self-travelling frame 1, wherein the left steering wheel 55 and the right steering wheel 56 are respectively and correspondingly positioned in front of the left travelling wheel 51 and the right travelling wheel 52, the left travelling wheel 51 and the right travelling wheel 52 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the left travelling motor 53 and the right travelling motor 54, and the left travelling motor 53 and the right travelling motor 54 are connected in parallel; the left travel motor 53 and the right travel motor 54 are both hydraulic motors.
For convenient replacement and maintenance, the back surface of the double-row hemp pulling table 21 is connected to the self-propelled frame 1 through a hemp pulling table pin shaft 25; the lower end of the oil cylinder 22 is connected to the self-propelled frame 1 through an oil cylinder lower pin 26, and the upper end of the oil cylinder 22 is connected with the double-row hemp pulling table 21 through an oil cylinder upper pin 27; the upper and lower ends of the left hemp conveying frame 31 are connected to the self-propelled frame 1 through a left hemp conveying frame upper pin shaft 311 and a left hemp conveying frame lower pin shaft 312, and the upper and lower ends of the right hemp conveying frame 32 are connected to the self-propelled frame 1 through a right hemp conveying frame upper pin shaft 313 and a right hemp conveying frame lower pin shaft 314.
Example 2
The invention also provides a hydraulic transmission system for the double-row self-propelled hemp pulling machine, which is shown in fig. 5 and comprises a hydraulic oil tank 6, a diesel engine 7, a left traveling motor 53, a right traveling motor 54, a first high-pressure overflow valve 81, a second high-pressure overflow valve 82, a first hot oil shuttle valve 91, a first low-pressure overflow valve 101, a traveling bidirectional variable pump 11, a hemp pulling motor 23, a left hemp conveying motor 33, a right hemp conveying motor 34, a third high-pressure overflow valve 83, a fourth high-pressure overflow valve 84, a second hot oil shuttle valve 92, a second low-pressure overflow valve 102 and a hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12. Wherein: the left traveling motor 43, the right traveling motor 44, the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor 23, the oil supplementing holes and the oil drain port of the traveling bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12, and the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve 101 and the second low-pressure overflow valve 102 are all connected with the hydraulic oil tank 6. An oil inlet of the left traveling motor 53 and an oil inlet of the right traveling motor 54 are connected in parallel with the high-pressure end of the first high-pressure relief valve 81, the low-pressure end of the second high-pressure relief valve 82, one port of the first hot oil shuttle valve 91, and one oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump 11; the other oil inlet of the left traveling motor 53 and the other oil inlet of the right traveling motor 54 are connected in parallel with the low pressure end of the first high pressure relief valve 81, the high pressure end of the second high pressure relief valve 82, the other port of the first hot oil shuttle valve 91, and the other oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump 11; the high pressure end of the first low pressure relief valve 101 is connected to the oil outlet of the first hot oil shuttle valve 91. An oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor 23 is connected to one end of the second hot oil shuttle valve 92, the high-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve 84, the low-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve 83 and an oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12; one oil inlet of the left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 is connected to the other oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor 23 in parallel, and the other oil inlet of the left hemp conveying motor 33 and the right hemp conveying motor 34 is connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve 92, the low pressure end of the fourth high pressure overflow valve 84, the high pressure end of the third high pressure overflow valve 83 and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12 in parallel; the high pressure end of the second low pressure relief valve 102 is connected to the oil outlet of the second hot oil shuttle valve 92. The walking bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12 are connected to the diesel engine 7.
In order to protect the walking bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12, oil residues of a motor are prevented from entering, an oil absorption filter 13 and an oil return filter 14, wherein: an oil absorption filter 13 is arranged between the oil supplementing holes of the walking bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12 and the hydraulic oil tank 6; an oil return filter 14 is arranged between the hydraulic oil tank 6 and the oil drain ports of the hemp pulling motor 23, the walking bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12, and the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve 101 and the second low-pressure overflow valve 102. In addition, the other oil inlets of the left and right hemp conveying motors 33 and 34 are connected in parallel to one end of the high-pressure filter 15, and the other end of the high-pressure filter 15 is connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve 92, the low-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve 84, the high-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve 83, and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12. High-pressure filtration is carried out before the oil enters the pump, so that the oil residues of the motor are prevented from entering the pump, the use of the pump is affected, and the service life of the pump is prolonged. Also included is a heat sink 16, wherein: a radiator 16 is arranged between the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor 23, the oil drain ports of the walking bidirectional variable pump 11 and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump 12, the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve 101 and the second low-pressure overflow valve 102 and the oil return filter 14.
The self-propelled flax pulling machine in the original market is mechanically driven, has a complex structure, extremely high failure rate of a transmission gearbox, long maintenance period and low production efficiency. The hydraulic transmission system provided by the invention realizes the hydraulic independent stepless speed regulation of the walking function, can simultaneously complete the independent stepless speed regulation function of the flax pulling and the flax delivering and spreading after the flax pulling and the flax delivering and spreading, and omits a transmission gearbox, so that the whole machine has a simple structure, extremely low failure rate and very convenient use, maintenance and repair. In practical application, all hydraulic parts are all domestic, and the self-propelled harvester hydraulic system is very practical.
The embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure of the invention herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic transmission system of self-propelled decorticator of two rows, a serial communication port, including hydraulic tank (6), diesel engine (7), left walking motor (53), right walking motor (54), first high pressure overflow valve (81), second high pressure overflow valve (82), first hot oil shuttle valve (91), first low pressure overflow valve (101), walking bidirectional variable pump (11), pull out the flax motor (23), left defeated flax motor (33), right defeated flax motor (34), third high pressure overflow valve (83), fourth high pressure overflow valve (84), second hot oil shuttle valve (92), second low pressure overflow valve (102), pull out the flax bidirectional variable pump (12), wherein:
the low-pressure ends of the left traveling motor (53), the right traveling motor (54), the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor (23), the oil supplementing holes and the oil drain port of the traveling bidirectional variable pump (11) and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12) and the first low-pressure overflow valve (101) and the second low-pressure overflow valve (102) are connected with the hydraulic oil tank (6);
an oil inlet of the left traveling motor (53) and an oil inlet of the right traveling motor (54) are connected with a high-pressure end of the first high-pressure overflow valve (81), a low-pressure end of the second high-pressure overflow valve (82), a port of the first hot oil shuttle valve (91) and an oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump (11) in parallel; the other oil inlet of the left traveling motor (53) and the other oil inlet of the right traveling motor (54) are connected to the low-pressure end of the first high-pressure overflow valve (81), the high-pressure end of the second high-pressure overflow valve (82), the other port of the first hot oil shuttle valve (91) and the other oil outlet of the traveling bidirectional variable pump (11) in parallel; the high-pressure end of the first low-pressure overflow valve (101) is connected to the oil outlet of the first hot oil shuttle valve (91);
an oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor (23) is connected with one end of the second hot oil shuttle valve (92), the high-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve (84), the low-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve (83) and an oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12); one oil inlet of the left hemp conveying motor (33) and one oil inlet of the right hemp conveying motor (34) are connected to the other oil inlet of the hemp pulling motor (23) in parallel, and the other oil inlets of the left hemp conveying motor (33) and the right hemp conveying motor (34) are connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve (92), the low-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve (84), the high-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve (83) and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12) in parallel; the high-pressure end of the second low-pressure overflow valve (102) is connected to the oil outlet of the second hot oil shuttle valve (92);
the walking bidirectional variable pump (11) and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12) are connected to the diesel engine (7).
Further comprising a high pressure filter (15), wherein:
the other oil inlets of the left hemp conveying motor (33) and the right hemp conveying motor (34) are connected in parallel to one end of the high-pressure filter (15), and the other end of the high-pressure filter (15) is connected to the other end of the second hot oil shuttle valve (92), the low-pressure end of the fourth high-pressure overflow valve (84), the high-pressure end of the third high-pressure overflow valve (83) and the other oil outlet of the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12).
2. The hydraulic transmission system of a double row self-propelled flax harvester according to claim 1, further comprising an oil suction filter (13) and an oil return filter (14), wherein:
the oil absorption filter (13) is arranged between the oil supplementing holes of the walking bidirectional variable pump (11) and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12) and the hydraulic oil tank (6); the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor (23), the oil drain port of the walking bidirectional variable pump (11) and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12), the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve (101) and the second low-pressure overflow valve (102) and the hydraulic oil tank (6) are provided with the oil return filter (14).
3. The hydraulic transmission system of a double row self propelled harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a radiator (16), wherein:
the heat radiator (16) is arranged between the oil drain port of the hemp pulling motor (23), the oil drain ports of the walking bidirectional variable pump (11) and the hemp pulling and conveying bidirectional variable pump (12), the low-pressure ends of the first low-pressure overflow valve (101) and the second low-pressure overflow valve (102) and the oil return filter (14).
CN201910220883.XA 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Double-row self-propelled flax harvester and hydraulic transmission system thereof Active CN110012723B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2039896U (en) * 1988-12-29 1989-06-28 北京农业工程大学 Suspended flax pulling-up machine
CN2577549Y (en) * 2002-10-11 2003-10-08 黑龙江省农业机械运用研究所 Suspended flax-picking machines
CN2574362Y (en) * 2002-10-11 2003-09-24 黑龙江省农业机械运用研究所 Self walking flax picking machine
RU2301516C2 (en) * 2003-10-22 2007-06-27 Открытое акционерное общество Тверской завод технологической оснастки им. 1 Мая (ОАО "Тверьтехоснастка") Self-propelled flax harvesting unit
CN201238474Y (en) * 2008-08-16 2009-05-20 黑龙江省农业机械运用研究所 Hemp-pulling platform of self-propelled flax-puller
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CN201438816U (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-04-21 中国农业机械化科学研究院 Self-propelled flax harvester
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