CN110002670A - A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront - Google Patents
A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The present invention relates to water pollution controls and water ecology to repair field, discloses a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures: A) building wetland purification system；B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water；C the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate) is repaired；D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology.The present invention can be obviously improved the Water Environment Carrying Capacity and Ecology bearing capacity in river, while can build the green gallery with good landscape again.Restoration of the ecosystem is carried out to Mountain river cities and towns section using method provided by the invention, it can significantly improve habitat heterogeneity, bio-diversity and the landscape diversity of Mountain river cities and towns section, the Water Environment Carrying Capacity and Ecology bearing capacity of Mountain river cities and towns section are improved, realize the rapid build of the Mountain river cities and towns section ecosystem and is well repaired.
Description
Technical field
It the present invention relates to water pollution control and water ecology repairs field, more particularly to a kind of is suitable for Mountain river
The method of the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of cities and towns section waterfront.
Background technique
River is the water-based important component of Freshwater ecosystems and basin, in addition to draining flooded fields with flood passage, water delivery supply water,
Other than the water conservancies function such as water transport, power generation, also there is pollution purification, bio-diversity conservation, improve miniclimate, ecological product supply
Etc. ecological functions, however, along with the fast development of urbanization and social economy especially industrial or agricultural, many areas in China occur
The problems such as river habitat is impaired, ecological degradation, Water Environment Carrying Capacity decline, the ecological functions in river are also therefore by different journeys
The influence of degree.
According to the difference of flowed through region, river is commonly divided into Mountain river and plain type river two types.No
Be same as plain type river, Mountain river usually have larger bed configuration multiplicity, topography drop, substrate sandstone, shoal or
The features such as alluvial flat is numerous.Wherein, Mountain river cities and towns section flows through the section of downtown areas, generally use block stone, ovum
The rigid materials slope protection such as stone, concrete and its product, has separated the migration routes of aquatile and terrestrial organism, and vegetation is difficult shape
At habitat suitability is poor, to initial rainwater rainwash also substantially without intercepting resulting net force function.Therefore, Mountain river cities and towns
The water environment treatment and restoration of the ecosystem difficulty of section are relatively large.
On the other hand, Mountain river cities and towns section also tends to enter river pollution there are more serious.Different from rural river
Section, the pollution of cities and towns section be mostly derived from city cut dirt receive be not in control position, caused by rain sewage diversion is not thorough sewage enter river and
Initial rainwater runoff not only results in river water quality variation, also easily causes originally just if such pollution cannot be administered effectively
Compare the destruction of fragile river ecosystem, and such pollution has the characteristics that dispersibility, concealment again, is difficult on the coast
Implement effectively to administer.
Over the past decade, China forms numerous applicable technologies and process program in river water restoration of the ecosystem field, such as
Plantation advantage water plant releases advantage aquatic animal, regulation ecological water level, enters lake (library) mouth wetland construction, artificial aeration
Deng.But the prior art, which is substantially all, to be built upon on the basis of heavily contaminated river or plain type riverway water quality purification and restoration of the ecosystem,
The improvement in replication application to mountain area type river will be faced with that bad adaptability, input cost are high, easily by current scour destroy many ask
Topic, such as biological floating bed, artificial aeration.
Currently, the patent of invention of Publication No. CN105297671A discloses northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment
System and its construction method can make full use of the existing depression of mountain stream and the empty pool, retain mountain area mud-rock flow and pollution of area source,
Improve river water self-purification capacity.But for intercepting pollution of area source, due to causing the farmland water-break of pollution of area source to flow into river
Its pollutant concentration can be watered down after stream, and flow can also be increased because of upland water, and the implementation of the art solutions is difficult to send out
It waves ideal pollution and intercepts clean-up effect.In addition, for river ecosystem restoration, the art solutions build the ecological pool pool and
The wetland that communicates therewith, on connection the library pool and the river planted on two sides water plant of wetland etc., just for river middle and lower reaches
Open ground, the restoration of the ecosystem for ignoring space is huge, habitat is even more important river substrate and bank slope and thus bring water
The improvement of environment bearing capacity, the stability of aquatic ecosystem and multifarious Impacts on ecology and environment, in addition, in tributary and
The ecological permeable dam of constructing of its intersection also faces tributary two sides farmland and village impeded drainage and causes waterlogging, water intaking inconvenience
The problem of.And the ecological pool pool and the construction for being attached thereto logical wetland are faced with water flow short circuit, river water is difficult to adequately flow through library
The pool and wetland, even and if since most of mountain stream middle and lower reaches do not have depression and the empty pool or have area yet very little,
So that construction condition is difficult to the problem met or available space is limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is difficult for the river sewage that enters of Mountain river cities and towns existing in the prior art section with initial rainwater
Implement effectively to administer on the coast and the prior art is difficult to direct replication application and becomes to relatively fragile, the water flow water level with ecology
The shortcomings that Mountain river for the differentiation characteristic that change amplitude is larger, riverbed construction is complicated, provides a kind of suitable for mountain area type
The method of the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of river cities and towns section waterfront.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is addressed by following technical proposals:
A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures:
A wetland purification system) is constructed, purifies and is polluted into river, patch landscape is built: being equipped with into river rain dirt dual disposal mouth
With enter river inlet for stom water riverbed on construct wetland purification system, wetland purification system is polluted for intercepting to purify into river, and wetland is net
Change system includes shut off pond and wetland ontology, and pond setting of shutting off plants wetland plant on wetland ontology upstream, wetland ontology,
Patch wetland landscape is built on riverbed, is entered river pollution and is entered river rain dirt dual disposal mouth and enter river inlet for stom water to flow into riverbed, so
It intercepts by pond of shutting off and is polluted into river, enter back into wetland ontology and purify and polluted into river；
Wetland ontology by Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box layering piles up, wetland ontology from top to bottom successively include upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box,
Middle layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box and lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is interior to fill ecological matrix, is calculated in mass percent, ecological matrix
By pelelith 40~55%, zeolite 30~40%, pine bark 10~20% is formed, filling cobble and rubble in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer
One or both of, one or both of cobble and block stone are filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box；
The present invention enters river disposal of pollutants rule according to Mountain river cities and towns section, if discharge outlet position is higher, there is sewage
Be mixed into, dry season displacement is less but pollutant concentration is high, initial rainwater enter river pollute larger and riverbed on have numerous cobbles,
The characteristics of block stone, using Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box mode layerwise construction wetland ontology, and fills different grains in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of different layers
The filler of diameter, not only may insure the stability of wetland purification system, but also the blocking of wetland can be effectively prevented, construction operation also ten
Divide simple and easy.In addition, mixed preparing forms in proportion for pelelith, zeolite and the pine bark filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer, fire
The cooperation of mountain stone and zeolite can quick adsorption ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus substance, and provide sufficient nutrient for the growth of wetland plant, in turn
Further promote the clean-up effect to nitrogen, phosphorus substance；Pine bark has preferable absorption resulting net force ability, and containing can slow release
Dissolved organic carbon, it is appropriate to be added, can not only be the quality and structure for improving filler, have for the growth creation of wetland plant
Sharp condition, moreover it is possible to as the supplementary carbon source of microorganism denitrification denitrogenation, to promote filler to the removal efficiency of total nitrogen.In addition,
The ecological matrix is light, and the maintenance managements operation such as subsequent anti-blocking flushing, replacement is more convenient.
B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water: ecological permeable is set on section of the gradient greater than 0.15%
Dam, ecological permeable dam include dam body, and dam body is formed by cobble or block clitter are folded, dam crest and upstream face the sprinkling irrigation cement slurry of dam body
Liquid, by weight, cement grout include 100~120 parts of cement, and 50~70 parts of water, 1~2 part of accelerator, accelerator is water glass
Glass or calcium chloride are laid with infiltration draining gauze pad in dam surface after cement grout gelling, are then seeping the raw plant of draining gauze pad planting water
Object；
Ecological permeable dam can be also used for raising of water level while purifying river water quality, and knockout is heavy to become silted up, smooth water flow,
Impact failure of the river torrent to constructed wetland purification system and underwater ecological purification system, the life when effectively avoiding heavy rain
After state permeable dike is built into dam body using cobble or block clitter, constructs, formed in the mode of dam crest and upstream face sprinkling irrigation cement grout
Similar to the overall structure of permeable concrete product, and in dam surface using the side for seeping draining gauze pad planting water plant
Formula forms vegetation, this is constructed, and measure construction operation is simple and easy, and not only dam body is firm for constructed ecological permeable dam, also has one
Fixed pollution intercepts purification and homogeneous divides water function.
C it) repairs the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate: planting planting submerged plant on the flat riverbed of substrate, then
Substrate adds stone on flat riverbed, then launches benthic mollusc, and the flat riverbed of substrate is to have water flow and water throughout the year
The deep riverbed for being more than or equal to 10cm；
Stone is added on the flat riverbed of substrate, the habitat heterogeneity of substrate can be increased, bottom is also beneficial to and dwells software
The growth of animal.
D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology: combination is laid on the bank top of the original hard embankment in Mountain river cities and towns section
Plant type ecology bag, combined plant type ecology bag are made of plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body and combined plant type matrix, group
It closes plant type matrix to be filled in plant biological bag, the field planting of combined plant type brood body is on plant biological bag or combined plant type is bred
Body is mixed with combined plant type matrix and is filled in plant biological bag；Combined plant type brood body is absorption class liana and high stalk type
Drought-enduring herbal seed, root tuber, stem tuber, bulb, bulb, seedling or seedling；It is calculated in mass percent, combined plant type base
Matter is made of silt particle 87~93%, charcoal 5~8% and straw powder 2~5%.
The combined plant type matrix matched in proportion in combined plant type ecology bag of the invention can ensure that absorption class liana
The germination and growth of plant and vertical straight high stalk type herbaceous plant brood body.The present invention is using high stalk type herbaceous plant therein in embankment
Ecoscape is formed in bank top, and overgrows function in embankment upstream batter using absorption specific to absorption class liana therein
Upper formation vegetation had both formed green wery scape so that the ecology on hardening embankment bank top and upstream batter is transformed in synchronous realize
It sees, and purification road runoff can be intercepted, while having got through the migration routes of aquatile and terrestrial organism again.
Preferably, measure A) in, the wetland purification system that is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth
In, the volume of wetland ontology enters 2~5 times of river rain dirt dual disposal mouth day displacement when being dry season；It is being equipped with into river inlet for stom water
Riverbed in the wetland purification system that constructs, the volume of wetland ontology is that recent five years most precipitation occurs to enter river rain in 0.5h
5~10 times of mouth of a river displacement.
Preferably, measure A) in, Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box includes gabion box and the building stones that are filled in gabion box, and gabion box is low
The dictyosome that carbon zinc-coated wire twists volume or nylon wire is worked out.
Preferably, measure A) in, the partial size for the ecological matrix filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer is 5~15mm, and middle layer is raw
The partial size of the cobble and rubble filled in state gabion is 15~30mm, the partial size of the cobble and block stone filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box
For 30~70mm.
Preferably, measure A) in, pond of shutting off is equipped with mudhole and overflow hole.Mudhole for will the sewage that shut off and
Initial rainwater is arranged to wetland ontology, and overflow hole is for being discharged the excessive water that shuts off.
Preferably, measure A) in, wetland plant includes Lythrum salicaria, canna glauca, mullet grass, cyperus alternifolius, thaliadeabata
With one of floral leaf sound bamboo or more than one.
Preferably, measure B) in, the dosage of cement grout is that every square of dam crest vertical section area adds 300~550kg
Cement grout.
Preferably, measure B) in, the cross section of dam body be it is trapezoidal, the width of dam crest is more than or equal to 0.8m, the back of dam body
The slope ratio on water slope is 1:5~10.
Preferably, measure B) and C) in, seep draining gauze pad be by substrate of polypropylene through sleave melt lapping processing and
At general earth working material, seep draining gauze pad with a thickness of 0.3~2.5cm.
Preferably, measure C) concrete operations include: on the flat riverbed of substrate be laid with seep draining gauze pad, seep draining
Planting submerged plant is planted on gauze pad, then adds stone on seeping draining gauze pad, it is big to aerial part length to submerged plant growth
After 20cm, benthic mollusc is launched.
Preferably, submerged plant be one of eel grass, waterweed, hornwort or more than one, benthic mollusc
For Bellamya sp, natural pond spiral shell, contain one of spiral shell, freshwater mussel and river crab or more than one.
Preferably, measure C) in, hard embankment is one in block stone, work stone, slabstone, cobble, concrete and its product
The embankment that kind or different materials are constructed.
Preferably, measure D) in, it further include the planting plants at the gap of the upstream face of hard embankment.
Preferably, measure D) in, absorption class liana is one or both of climbing fig and trachelospermum jasminoide, and high stalk type is drought-enduring
Herbaceous plant is one or both of the raw canna of drought and Chinese small iris.
The selection and configuration of plant are most important to river ecosystem restoration, not only influence effects of purification quality, also influence
To land and water ecology and landscape pattern.The present invention is on long-term engineering practical basis, according to the difference of Mountain river cities and towns section
Change feature, subjects theories and the technologies such as fusion ecological engineering science, landscape ecology and Plant Nutrition, is configured with to adaptation to local conditions
It is suitable for the submerged plant of flat base environment, the wetland plant with efficient section of dirt, can overgrows in the suction of hardening side slope
Subordinate class liana and the vertical straight high drought-enduring herbaceous plant of stalk type.And matched planting and safeguard measure are used,
It can be quickly in the Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront including wetland ontology, ecological permeable dam, flat base, hard embankment
The vegetation ecosystem to form three-dimensional multiplicity is taken, and is not easy to be destroyed by bed scour, and being formed includes patch landscape, underwater scape
It sees, the landscape pattern that the solid including facade landscape and lines landscape is various.
The present invention is due to using above technical scheme, with significant technical effect:
The present invention enters river polluting property according to mountain channel cities and towns section, such as by entering sewage that river discharge outlet is discharged into and just
The structure in phase rainwater and riverbed, construction and morphological character, with ecology, it is economical, be applicable in as principle, by enter river rain dirt mixed
It closes discharge outlet and enters and build wetland purification system on the riverbed at the inlet for stom water of river, interception is purified pollutes into river, and seeks on riverbed
Patch landscape is produced, then on this basis, by building ecological permeable dam, repairs flat base bio-diversity and ecology
The integrated and Optimized Matching for changing the technical measures of transformation hard embankment, realize river longitudinally, laterally with vertical stereo ecological
It repairs, improves the detergent power to the interception detergent power and river itself for entering river pollution, thus river can be obviously improved
The Water Environment Carrying Capacity and Ecology bearing capacity of stream, while the green gallery with good landscape can be built again.
Restoration of the ecosystem is carried out to Mountain river cities and towns section using method provided by the invention, can significantly improve mountain area
Habitat heterogeneity, bio-diversity and the landscape diversity of type river cities and towns section improve the water of Mountain river cities and towns section
Environmental bearing capacity and Ecology bearing capacity are realized the rapid build of the Mountain river cities and towns section ecosystem and are well repaired
It is multiple.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures:
A wetland purification system) is constructed, purifies and is polluted into river, patch landscape is built: being equipped with into river rain dirt dual disposal mouth
With enter river inlet for stom water riverbed on construct wetland purification system, wetland purification system is polluted for intercepting to purify into river, and wetland is net
Change system includes shut off pond and wetland ontology, and pond setting of shutting off plants wetland plant on wetland ontology upstream, wetland ontology；It is wet
Ground ontology is piled up by Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box layering, and wetland ontology from top to bottom successively includes upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, middle layer ecology stone
Cage and lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is interior to fill ecological matrix, is calculated in mass percent, ecological matrix is by pelelith
40%, zeolite 40%, pine bark 20% forms, filling cobble and rubble in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer, filling in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box
Cobble；
B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water: ecological permeable is set on section of the gradient greater than 0.15%
Dam, ecological permeable dam include dam body, and dam body is stacked by cobble, dam crest and upstream face the sprinkling irrigation cement grout of dam body, by weight
Measure part meter, cement grout includes 100 parts of cement, and 50 parts of water, 1 part of accelerator, accelerator is waterglass, after cement grout gelling
Dam surface, which is laid with, seeps draining gauze pad, is then seeping draining gauze pad planting water plant；
C it) repairs the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate: planting planting submerged plant on the flat riverbed of substrate, then
Substrate adds stone on flat riverbed, then launches benthic mollusc, and the flat riverbed of substrate is to have water flow and water throughout the year
The deep riverbed for being more than or equal to 10cm；
D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology: combination is laid on the bank top of the original hard embankment in Mountain river cities and towns section
Plant type ecology bag, combined plant type ecology bag are made of plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body and combined plant type matrix, group
It closes plant type matrix to be filled in plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body is colonized on plant biological bag；Combined plant type brood body is
Adsorb class liana and the drought-enduring herbal seedling of high stalk type；It is calculated in mass percent, combined plant type matrix is by silt particle
87%, charcoal 8% and straw powder 5% form.
Measure A) in, in the wetland purification system that is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth, wetland sheet
The volume of body enters 2 times of river rain dirt dual disposal mouth day displacement when being dry season；It is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river inlet for stom water
Wetland purification system in, the volume of wetland ontology is that recent five years most precipitation occurs to enter the 5 of river inlet for stom water displacement in 0.5h
Times.
Measure A) in, Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box includes gabion box and the building stones that are filled in gabion box, and gabion box is low-carbon galvanized steel
Silk twists dictyosome made of volume.
Measure A) in, the partial size for the ecological matrix filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer is 5~15mm, is filled out in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer
The partial size of the cobble and rubble that fill is 15~30mm, the partial size of the cobble and block stone filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is 30~
70mm。
Measure A) in, be equipped with the 1 mudhole sewage to shut off and initial rainwater arranged to wetland ontology in the middle part of pond of shutting off,
Pond top shut off equipped with 1 overflow hole, with the excessive water that shuts off of discharge.
Measure A) in, wetland plant includes Lythrum salicaria, canna glauca, mullet grass.
Measure B) in, the dosage of cement grout is that every square of dam crest vertical section area adds 300kg cement grout.
Measure B) in, the cross section of dam body be it is trapezoidal, the width of dam crest is equal to 0.8m, and the slope ratio of the downstream slope of dam body is 1:
5。
Measure B) and C) in, seeping draining gauze pad is to melt the general soil that is process of lapping through sleave by substrate of polypropylene
Work material, seep draining gauze pad with a thickness of 0.3cm.
Measure C) concrete operations include: on the flat riverbed of substrate be laid with seep draining gauze pad, seep draining gauze pad on plants
Then planting submerged plant adds stone on seeping draining gauze pad, after submerged plant growth to aerial part length is greater than 20cm,
Launch benthic mollusc.
Submerged plant is eel grass, and benthic mollusc is Bellamya sp, natural pond spiral shell, contains spiral shell, freshwater mussel and river crab.
Measure C) in, hard embankment is the embankment that block stone is constructed.
Measure D) in, it further include the planting plants at the gap of the upstream face of hard embankment.
Measure D) in, absorption class liana is climbing fig and trachelospermum jasminoide, the high drought-enduring herbaceous plant of stalk type be the raw canna of drought with
Chinese small iris.
Measure of merit through field pilot test scale, using the same suitable for Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront of embodiment 1
The method for walking restoration of the ecosystem, to entering river rain dirt dual disposal mouth and enter blocking for COD in the inlet for stom water of river, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus
It cuts elimination capacity and respectively reaches 221.2,85.5,69.3 and 67.2kg/ (hm2·d)。
Embodiment 2
A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures:
A wetland purification system) is constructed, purifies and is polluted into river, patch landscape is built: being equipped with into river rain dirt dual disposal mouth
With enter river inlet for stom water riverbed on construct wetland purification system, wetland purification system is polluted for intercepting to purify into river, and wetland is net
Change system includes shut off pond and wetland ontology, and pond setting of shutting off plants wetland plant on wetland ontology upstream, wetland ontology；It is wet
Ground ontology is piled up by Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box layering, and wetland ontology from top to bottom successively includes upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, middle layer ecology stone
Cage and lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is interior to fill ecological matrix, is calculated in mass percent, ecological matrix is by pelelith
55%, zeolite 30%, pine bark 15% forms, and cobble is filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer, in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box filling cobble and
Block stone；
B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water: ecological permeable is set on section of the gradient greater than 0.15%
Dam, ecological permeable dam include dam body, and dam body is formed by block clitter is folded, dam crest and upstream face the sprinkling irrigation cement grout of dam body, by weight
Measure part meter, cement grout includes 120 parts of cement, and 70 parts of water, 2 parts of accelerator, accelerator is calcium chloride, after cement grout gelling
Dam surface, which is laid with, seeps draining gauze pad, is then seeping draining gauze pad planting water plant；
C it) repairs the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate: planting planting submerged plant on the flat riverbed of substrate, then
Substrate adds stone on flat riverbed, then launches benthic mollusc, and the flat riverbed of substrate is to have water flow and water throughout the year
The deep riverbed for being more than or equal to 10cm；
D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology: combination is laid on the bank top of the original hard embankment in Mountain river cities and towns section
Plant type ecology bag, combined plant type ecology bag are made of plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body and combined plant type matrix, group
Conjunction plant type brood body mixes with combined plant type matrix to be filled in plant biological bag；Combined plant type brood body is absorption class liana
Plant and the drought-enduring herbal seed of high stalk type；It is calculated in mass percent, combined plant type matrix is by silt particle 93%, charcoal
5% and straw powder 2% form.
Measure A) in, in the wetland purification system that is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth, wetland sheet
The volume of body enters 5 times of river rain dirt dual disposal mouth day displacement when being dry season；It is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river inlet for stom water
Wetland purification system in, the volume of wetland ontology is that recent five years most precipitation occurs to enter river inlet for stom water displacement in 0.5h
10 times.
Measure A) in, Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box includes gabion box and the building stones that are filled in gabion box, and gabion box is that nylon wire is worked out
Made of dictyosome.
Measure A) in, the partial size for the ecological matrix filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer is 5~15mm, is filled out in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer
The partial size of the cobble and rubble that fill is 15~30mm, the partial size of the cobble and block stone filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is 30~
70mm。
Measure A) in, be equipped with the 1 mudhole sewage to shut off and initial rainwater arranged to wetland ontology in the middle part of pond of shutting off,
Pond top shut off equipped with 1 overflow hole, with the excessive water that shuts off of discharge.
Measure A) in, wetland plant includes mullet grass, cyperus alternifolius, thaliadeabata.
Measure B) in, the dosage of cement grout is that every square of dam crest vertical section area adds 550kg cement grout.
Measure B) in, the cross section of dam body be it is trapezoidal, the width of dam crest is 1.2m, and the slope ratio of the downstream slope of dam body is 1:
10。
Measure B) and C) in, seeping draining gauze pad is to melt the general soil that is process of lapping through sleave by substrate of polypropylene
Work material, seep draining gauze pad with a thickness of 2.5cm.
Measure C) concrete operations include: on the flat riverbed of substrate be laid with seep draining gauze pad, seep draining gauze pad on plants
Then planting submerged plant adds stone on seeping draining gauze pad, after submerged plant growth to aerial part length is greater than 20cm,
Launch benthic mollusc.
Submerged plant is eel grass, waterweed, and benthic mollusc is Bellamya sp.
Measure C) in, hard embankment is the embankment that block stone, work stone, slabstone are constructed.
Measure D) in, it further include the planting plants at the gap of the upstream face of hard embankment.
Measure D) in, absorption class liana is climbing fig, and the high drought-enduring herbaceous plant of stalk type is the raw canna of drought.
By the method for being suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront of the present embodiment, it is applied to Zhejiang
Province Taizhou plain Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront synchronizes restoration of the ecosystem, and water quality monitoring is found after building up 4 months, repaired
Afterwards, quality of river water rises III class water by IV original class water, and before reparation, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus decline respectively
49%, 51%, 35% and 38%.
Embodiment 3
A method of suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures:
A wetland purification system) is constructed, purifies and is polluted into river, patch landscape is built: being equipped with into river rain dirt dual disposal mouth
With enter river inlet for stom water riverbed on construct wetland purification system, wetland purification system is polluted for intercepting to purify into river, and wetland is net
Change system includes shut off pond and wetland ontology, and pond setting of shutting off plants wetland plant on wetland ontology upstream, wetland ontology；It is wet
Ground ontology is piled up by Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box layering, and wetland ontology from top to bottom successively includes upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, middle layer ecology stone
Cage and lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is interior to fill ecological matrix, is calculated in mass percent, ecological matrix is by pelelith
50%, zeolite 35%, pine bark 15% forms, and rubble, stone filling in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box are filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer；
B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water: ecological permeable is set on section of the gradient greater than 0.15%
Dam, ecological permeable dam include dam body, and dam body is stacked by cobble, dam crest and upstream face the sprinkling irrigation cement grout of dam body, by weight
Part meter is measured, cement grout includes 110 parts of cement, and 60 parts of water, 1.5 parts of accelerator, accelerator is waterglass, after cement grout gelling
It is laid in dam surface and seeps draining gauze pad, then seeping draining gauze pad planting water plant；
C it) repairs the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate: planting planting submerged plant on the flat riverbed of substrate, then
Substrate adds stone on flat riverbed, then launches benthic mollusc, and the flat riverbed of substrate is to have water flow and water throughout the year
The deep riverbed for being more than or equal to 10cm；
D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology: combination is laid on the bank top of the original hard embankment in Mountain river cities and towns section
Plant type ecology bag, combined plant type ecology bag are made of plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body and combined plant type matrix, group
It closes plant type matrix to be filled in plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body is colonized on plant biological bag；Combined plant type brood body is
Adsorb class liana and the drought-enduring herbal seedling of high stalk type；It is calculated in mass percent, combined plant type matrix is by silt particle
90%, charcoal 6% and straw powder 4% form.
Measure A) in, in the wetland purification system that is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth, wetland sheet
The volume of body enters 3 times of river rain dirt dual disposal mouth day displacement when being dry season；It is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river inlet for stom water
Wetland purification system in, the volume of wetland ontology is that recent five years most precipitation occurs to enter the 7 of river inlet for stom water displacement in 0.5h
Times.
Measure A) in, Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box includes gabion box and the building stones that are filled in gabion box, and gabion box is low-carbon galvanized steel
Silk twists dictyosome made of volume.
Measure A) in, the partial size for the ecological matrix filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer is 5~15mm, is filled out in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer
The partial size of the cobble and rubble that fill is 15~30mm, the partial size of the cobble and block stone filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is 30~
70mm。
Measure A) in, be equipped with the 1 mudhole sewage to shut off and initial rainwater arranged to wetland ontology in the middle part of pond of shutting off,
Pond top shut off equipped with 1 overflow hole, with the excessive water that shuts off of discharge.
Measure A) in, wetland plant includes Lythrum salicaria.
Measure B) in, the dosage of cement grout is that every square of dam crest vertical section area adds 450kg cement grout.
Measure B) in, the cross section of dam body be it is trapezoidal, the width of dam crest is 2.8m, and the slope ratio of the downstream slope of dam body is 1:7.
Measure B) and C) in, seeping draining gauze pad is to melt the general soil that is process of lapping through sleave by substrate of polypropylene
Work material, seep draining gauze pad with a thickness of 1.5cm.
Measure C) concrete operations include: on the flat riverbed of substrate be laid with seep draining gauze pad, seep draining gauze pad on plants
Then planting submerged plant adds stone on seeping draining gauze pad, after submerged plant growth to aerial part length is greater than 20cm,
Launch benthic mollusc.
Submerged plant is eel grass, waterweed, hornwort, and benthic mollusc is Bellamya sp, freshwater mussel and river crab.
Measure C) in, hard embankment is the embankment constructed using block stone, work stone, slabstone, cobble, concrete and its product.
Measure D) in, it further include the planting plants at the gap of the upstream face of hard embankment.
Measure D) in, absorption class liana is trachelospermum jasminoide, and the high drought-enduring herbaceous plant of stalk type is Chinese small iris.
In short, the foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is all according to equalization made by scope of the present invention patent
Variation and modification, shall all be covered by the patent of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront, including following measures:
A) construct wetland purification system: building wetland is net on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth and entering river inlet for stom water
Change system, wetland purification system are polluted for intercepting to purify into river, and wetland purification system includes shut off pond and wetland ontology, is shut off
Pond setting plants wetland plant on wetland ontology upstream, wetland ontology；Wetland ontology is piled up by Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box layering, wet
Ground ontology includes successively from top to bottom upper layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, middle layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box and lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box, in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer
Ecological matrix to be filled, is calculated in mass percent, ecological matrix is by pelelith 40~55%, zeolite 30~40%, pine bark 10~
20% composition fills one or both of cobble and rubble in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of middle layer, in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box filling cobble and
One or both of block stone；
B it) constructs ecological permeable dam conduct and purifies water: ecological permeable dam is set on section of the gradient greater than 0.15%, it is raw
State permeable dike includes dam body, and dam body is formed by cobble or block clitter are folded, dam crest and upstream face the sprinkling irrigation cement grout of dam body, by weight
Part meter is measured, cement grout includes 100~120 parts of cement, and 50~70 parts of water, 1~2 part of accelerator, accelerator is waterglass or chlorine
Change calcium, cement grout, which is laid with after being gelled in dam surface, seeps draining gauze pad, is then seeping draining gauze pad planting water plant；
C it) repairs the bio-diversity in the flat riverbed of substrate: planting planting submerged plant on the flat riverbed of substrate, then in substrate
Stone is added on flat riverbed, then launches benthic mollusc, and the flat riverbed of substrate is to have water flow throughout the year and the depth of water is big
In the riverbed for being equal to 10cm；
D) hard embankment is transformed in ecology: being laid with combined plant on the bank top of the original hard embankment in Mountain river cities and towns section
Type ecology bag, combined plant type ecology bag are made of plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body and combined plant type matrix, and combination is planted
Object type matrix is filled in plant biological bag, combined plant type brood body field planting on plant biological bag or combined plant type brood body with
The mixing of combined plant type matrix is filled in plant biological bag；Combined plant type brood body is that absorption class liana and high stalk type are drought-enduring
Herbal seed, root tuber, stem tuber, bulb, bulb, seedling or seedling；Be calculated in mass percent, combined plant type matrix by
Silt particle 87~93%, charcoal 5~8% and straw powder 2~5% form.
2. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure A) in, in the wetland purification system that is constructed on the riverbed for being equipped with river rain dirt dual disposal mouth, wetland
The volume of ontology enters 2~5 times of river rain dirt dual disposal mouth day displacement when being dry season；On the riverbed for being equipped with river inlet for stom water
In the wetland purification system of building, the volume of wetland ontology is that recent five years most precipitation occurs to enter inlet for stom water draining in river in 0.5h
5~10 times of amount.
3. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure A) in, the partial size for the ecological matrix filled in the Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box of upper layer is 5~15mm, middle layer Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box
The partial size of the cobble of interior filling and rubble is 15~30mm, the partial size of the cobble and block stone filled in lower layer's Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is 30~
70mm。
4. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure A) in, pond of shutting off is equipped with mudhole and overflow hole.
5. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure A) in, wetland plant includes Lythrum salicaria, canna glauca, mullet grass, cyperus alternifolius, thaliadeabata and floral leaf
One of sound bamboo or more than one.
6. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure B) in, the dosage of cement grout is that every square of dam crest vertical section area adds 300~550kg cement slurry
Liquid.
7. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure C) concrete operations include: on the flat riverbed of substrate be laid with seep draining gauze pad, seep draining gauze pad on
Kind planting submerged plant, then adds stone on seeping draining gauze pad, is greater than 20cm to submerged plant growth to aerial part length
Afterwards, benthic mollusc is launched.
8. a kind of side suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1 or claim 7
Method, it is characterised in that: submerged plant be one of eel grass, waterweed, hornwort or more than one, benthic mollusc is ring
Rib spiral shell, natural pond spiral shell, contain one of spiral shell, freshwater mussel and river crab or more than one.
9. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure D) in, it further include the planting plants at the gap of the upstream face of hard embankment.
10. a kind of method suitable for the synchronous restoration of the ecosystem of Mountain river cities and towns section waterfront according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: measure D) in, absorption class liana is one or both of climbing fig and trachelospermum jasminoide, and the high drought-enduring draft of stalk type is planted
Object is one or both of the raw canna of drought and Chinese small iris.
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