CN109997684A - A kind of breeding of rice varieties and its cultural method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of breeding of rice varieties and its cultural methods, comprising the following steps: First Year is female parent with former rice 108, it is that male parent is hybridized with new rice 18, second year plants F1, shows extremely strong heterosis, hybrid vigor, tillering ability is extremely strong, stalk is sturdy, lifts on blade, the big fringe of password, leaf color is denseer, ripe mutually fine, each character all has exceeded parents, by the mixed receipts of 11 single plants；Third year single-strain planting F2, the flourishing very big separation of character are mixed and are received；Four-the five year plantation F3-F5, according to breeding objective, single plant is planted plant respectively, compares identification by the annual high-quality single plant of M8003 line.In 6th year 11 plants from F5 generation, yield height is selected, disease resistance is strong, and comprehensive excellent plant upgrades to new lines.In cultivation, shallow irrigation is paid attention to, enough seedling dry fields, later period interval is poured water, and prevents from lodging.Breeding yield height of the present invention, resistance, new rice variety best in quality.

Description

A kind of breeding of rice varieties and its cultural method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, it is related to breeding and its cultural method of a kind of rice varieties, specifically, relating to And a kind of breeding and its cultural method of abundant round-grained rice 136 of rice varieties.

Background technique

Rice is one kind of draft Oryza, belongs to main most long one kind in cereal and Oryza as grain, area Not in upland rice.Originating in China and India, Yangtze River in China basin is with regard to rice cultivation before 7,000 years.Rice is divided into long-grained nonglutinous rice by paddy type With japonica rice, early rice and middle late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice.There are also other classification, by whether soilless cultivation is divided into paddy field rice and swims Rice；By being divided into season rice and " lazyboot rice " (more year ratooning rice) life cycle；It is huge with 2 meters or so to be divided into common rice by height Type rice；It is divided into common fresh water rice and " seawater rice " (it mainly uses fresh water in fact) by Saline alkali tolerance.Rice seed, that is, rice Paddy, paddy claim brown rice after sloughing glume, and brown rice stone roller goes rice bran layer that rice can be obtained.Nearly half population in the world, all with rice For food.Rice can also make wine in addition to edible, refine sugar and make the raw material of industry, rice husk, rice straw can be used as feed.China's rice Main producing region is mainly the Northeast, the Yangtze river basin, Pearl River Delta.Belong to direct economy crop.Still one third people in the world The staple food of class.It is also the main organic food of the southern people.Rice in the prior art there are rice matter poor, low output, resistance are poor The shortcomings that.

Abundant round-grained rice 136 is female parent with former rice 108 along yellow crops research institute by Yuanyang, and new rice 18 is male parent, through sexual hybridization With pedigree method, breeding is formed year after year afterwards.Pass through country's authorization, authorization number within 2018；State examines rice 2018005.In the prior art, It is badly in need of a kind of abundant 136 breeding of round-grained rice of rice varieties and its cultural method.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of breeding of rice varieties and its cultural method.This method is in abundant round-grained rice 136 Breeding on, according to breeding objective and genetic development, select that hereditary basis is abundant, high-yield disease resisting good grain quality rice varieties are former Rice 108 is female parent, and disease resistance is strong, wide adaptability, the new rice 18 of Super High Yielding Rice new varieties are that male parent carries out hybridization and assembles, to protect The yield and resistance for holding new rice 18 in parents overcome a meter disadvantage for matter difference, breeding yield height, resistance, water best in quality Rice new varieties.

Its technical solution is as follows:

A kind of selection of rice varieties, comprising the following steps: First Year is female parent with former rice 108, is male parent with new rice 18 Hybridized, second year plants F1, shows extremely strong heterosis, hybrid vigor, tillering ability is extremely strong, and stalk is sturdy, lifts on blade, password Big fringe, leaf color is denseer, ripe mutually fine, and each character all has exceeded parents, by the mixed receipts of 11 single plants；Third year single-strain planting F2, property The flourishing very big separation of shape, mixes and receives；Four-the five year plantation F3-F5, according to breeding objective, the annual high-quality list of M8003 line Strain, plants plant for single plant respectively, compares identification.In 6th year 11 plants from F5 generation, yield height is selected, it is disease-resistant Property is strong, and comprehensive excellent plant upgrades to new lines, names as abundant round-grained rice 136.

A kind of cultural method of rice varieties, specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1, light seeding educate strong seedling: May 5 date of seeding, and the rice seedling bed mu amount of broadcasting 30-35kg basks seeds before broadcasting and soaked seed with seed soaking agent.

Step 2, Transplanting pattern: 30 ㎝ of line-spacing, hill spacing 12-14 ㎝, bunch planting 3-5 seedling；

Step 3 applies fertilizers scientifically: 40-50kg makees base manure per acre for compound fertilizer, 5-7 days after transplanting, per acre 10kg urea mix Ding Yixi or Acetochlor is spread fertilizer over the fields, and uses urea 15kg per acre within 15 days or so after transplanting；

Step 4 is rationally poured water: shallow water rice transplanting, very little moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, and alternation of wetting and drying after rehydration, the later period cuts off the water cannot mistake It is early；

Step 5, insect pest preventing and controlling: snout moth's larva and planthopper, banded sclerotial blight are according to a situation arises in July 20, August 3 days, August 20th or so Prevention and treatment, cut phase and full heading time prevent and treat panicle blast.

In the cultivation of rice varieties, shallow irrigation is paid attention to, enough seedling dry fields, later period interval is poured water, and prevents from lodging.

The invention has the benefit that

Breeding yield height of the present invention, resistance, new rice variety best in quality.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is abundant 136 breeding figure of round-grained rice.

Specific embodiment

Technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Referring to Fig.1,2004, Yuanyang was female parent along the former rice 108 that yellow crops study the Yuanyang County institute of agricultural sciences used breeding, It is that male parent is hybridized with the new rice 18 of academy of agricultural sciences, Xinxiang City breeding, plantation F1 in 2005 shows extremely strong heterosis, hybrid vigor, point Tiller power is extremely strong, and stalk is sturdy, lifts on blade, and the big fringe of password, leaf color is denseer, and ripe mutually fine, each character all has exceeded parents, by 11 A single plant is mixed to be received；Single-strain planting F2 in 2006, the flourishing very big separation of character, mixes and receives；2007-2009 years plantation F3-F5, root According to breeding objective, single plant is planted plant respectively, compares identification by the annual high-quality single plant of M8003 line.2009 from F5 generation 11 plants in, select a yield height, disease resistance is strong, and comprehensive excellent plant upgrades to new lines, names as abundant round-grained rice 136.The rice new strain comparative test for participating in our unit's setting for 2010, has outstanding performance；Participation Henan Province summer japonica rice in 2012 Preliminary experiment shows the excellent feature of high-yield disease resisting Comprehensive Traits；Participation Henan Province summer japonica rice regional testing in 2013,2014 Continue in year to participate in Henan Province japonica rice regional testing, and is planted experimentally in Yuanyang rice main producing region peace town.

Abundant round-grained rice 136 belongs to round-grained rice type conventional rice kind, plants the time of infertility 154 days making summer seed rice along yellow rice region, and tillering ability is strong, Tillering speed is fast, and leaf color is dark green, plant height 94.9cm, spike length 17.4cm, grain number per spike 146.2, the sturdy resistant to lodging of stalk, and password is big Fringe, sword-like leave is upright, and grain is oval, grain husk point white.Setting percentage 89%, 26.4 grams of mass of 1000 kernel.

Quality: it is detected through Ministry of Agriculture's food quality supervision verification test center (Wuhan): Coarse Rice Rate 83.9%, polished rice rate 72.3%, head rice rate 60.2%, chalkness ratio 45%, chalkiness degree 6.3%, 90 millimeters of gel consistence, 5.0 grades of 2 caustic SCC of transparency；It is comprehensive Evaluation reaches 2 grade standard of national standard superior rice.

Resistance: the field test through continuous 3 years multiple spots, highly resistance stripe virus disease, anti-ear stem pest, anti-banded sclerotial blight.Through Jiangsu Province's academy of agricultural sciences's Resistance Identification, abundant round-grained rice 136 feel (s) rice blast, and anti-banded sclerotial blight shows bacterial leaf-blight 3 grades of resistance.

Henan Province's japonica rice preliminary experiment in 2012, average yield per mu 662.7kg occupy 34 than control Xinfeng No.2 volume increase 13.7% It is a to participate in the experiment strain first；Participation Henan Province summer japonica rice regional testing in 2013, test all volume increase, average yield per mu at the whole province 11 637.9kg, than control Xinfeng No.2 volume increase 6.4%.Participation Henan Province summer japonica rice regional testing in 2014, average yield per mu 628.4kg, Than control Xinfeng No.2 volume increase 5.3%；Participation the Yellow River and Huai He River japonica rice group regional testing in 2015,633.45 kilograms of average yield per mu, than control No. 3 underproduction 0.8% of Xu rice；Continuous examination in 2016,646.76 kilograms of average yield per mu, than Xu rice No. 3 volume increase 4.17% of control；2 years regions 640.1 kilograms of average yield per mu of test, than Xu rice No. 3 volume increase 1.65% of control；Pilot production in 2017, average yield per mu 642.7 thousand Gram, than Xu rice No. 3 volume increase 4.67% of control.

The cultural methods of the rice varieties the following steps are included:

Step 1, light seeding educate strong seedling: May 5 date of seeding, and the rice seedling bed mu amount of broadcasting 30-35kg basks seeds before broadcasting and soaked seed with seed soaking agent.

Step 2, Transplanting pattern: 30 ㎝ of line-spacing, hill spacing 12-14 ㎝, bunch planting 3-5 seedling, mu Basic Seedling 60,000 or so.

Step 3 applies fertilizers scientifically: heavy dressing base manure, early spraying fertilizer, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer and micro- fertilizer, and 40-50kg makees per acre for compound fertilizer Base manure, 5-7 days after transplanting, 10kg urea mixes Ding Yixi per acre or Acetochlor is spread fertilizer over the fields, and uses urea per acre within 15 days or so after transplanting 15kg；

Step 4 is rationally poured water: shallow water rice transplanting, very little moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, and alternation of wetting and drying after rehydration, the later period cuts off the water cannot mistake It is early.

Step 5, insect pest preventing and controlling: snout moth's larva and planthopper, banded sclerotial blight are according to a situation arises in July 20, August 3 days, August 20th Left and right prevention and treatment, cut phase and full heading time prevent and treat panicle blast.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of selection of rice varieties, which comprises the following steps: First Year is female parent with former rice 108, It is that male parent is hybridized with new rice 18, second year plants F1, shows extremely strong heterosis, hybrid vigor, and tillering ability is extremely strong, and stalk is sturdy, It is lifted on blade, the big fringe of password, leaf color is denseer, and ripe mutually fine, each character all has exceeded parents, by the mixed receipts of 11 single plants；Third year Single-strain planting F2, the flourishing very big separation of character, mixes and receives；Four-the five year plantation F3-F5, it is annual fixed according to breeding objective To high-quality single plant is selected, single plant is planted into plant respectively, compares identification；In 6th year 11 plants from F5 generation, select One yield is high, and disease resistance is strong, and comprehensive excellent plant upgrades to new lines, names as abundant round-grained rice 136.

2. a kind of cultural method of rice varieties described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is characterized in that, specifically include with Lower step:

Step 1, light seeding educate strong seedling: May 5 date of seeding, and the rice seedling bed mu amount of broadcasting 30-35kg basks seeds before broadcasting and soaked seed with seed soaking agent；

Step 2, Transplanting pattern: 30 ㎝ of line-spacing, hill spacing 12-14 ㎝, bunch planting 3-5 seedling；

Step 3 applies fertilizers scientifically: 40-50kg makees base manure per acre for compound fertilizer, 5-7 days after transplanting, per acre 10kg urea mix Ding Yixi or Acetochlor is spread fertilizer over the fields, and 15 days after transplanting, uses urea 15kg per acre；

Step 4 is rationally poured water: shallow water rice transplanting, very little moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, and alternation of wetting and drying after rehydration, the later period cuts off the water cannot mistake It is early；

Step 5, insect pest preventing and controlling: snout moth's larva and planthopper, banded sclerotial blight are prevented and treated according to a situation arises July 20, August 3 days, August 20th, Cut phase and full heading time prevent and treat panicle blast.