CN109930058A - - 40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof and railway locomotive components - Google Patents
- 40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof and railway locomotive components Download PDFInfo
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- CN109930058A CN109930058A CN201711375272.XA CN201711375272A CN109930058A CN 109930058 A CN109930058 A CN 109930058A CN 201711375272 A CN201711375272 A CN 201711375272A CN 109930058 A CN109930058 A CN 109930058A
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- NCJRLCWABWKAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ca].[Ba] Chemical compound [Si].[Ca].[Ba] NCJRLCWABWKAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007546 Brinell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007531 graphite casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof and railway locomotive components, the chemical component and its weight percent of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron are as follows: C 3.6%~3.9%, Si 1.9%~2.1%, Mn < 0.2%, P < 0.03%, S 0.003%~0.012%, Cu 0.35%~0.5%, Ni 1.1%~1.5%, Re≤0.03%, Mg 0.025%~0.05%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.The composition of ductile cast iron material of the invention has reached high-strength, high-ductility and low-temperature impact toughness organically blending on spheroidal graphite cast-iron, can satisfy higher requirement, perspective with technology.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention meets rail traffic key components and parts materials demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and in particular to -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron of one kind and its preparation
Method, and mainly using the railway locomotive components of nodular cast iron preparation.
Background technique
The industry of China's rail traffic in recent years is fast-developing, and the region of electric locomotive operation is further vast, and latitude span is very big；
The temperature in the extremely frigid zones winter of row extremely is down to -40 DEG C.Based on locomotive running speed and security concern, to use for electric locomotive
The requirement of the low-temperature impact toughness of the casting such as nodular cast iron gearbox is also higher and higher.The TJ/JW 065- of Chinese Railway parent company
2015 " the provisional technical conditions of AC drive locomotive nodular cast iron gearbox " just provide that nodular cast iron gearbox, which does not require nothing more than, to be had
The mechanical performance of QT500-7A as defined in national standard GB/T1348-2009, but also require to have both higher elongation and low temperature punching
Hit toughness, it may be assumed that elongation A >=8%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work AKV mean value >=4J, monodrome >=3J.Traditional QT500-7A spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Material is not able to satisfy this requirement.Although -40 DEG C of ballistic work AKV of QT400-18AL material low temperature in national standard GB/T1348-2009
Mean value >=12J, elongation is also relatively up to 18% or more, but its tensile strength index distance QT500-7A differs greatly, tensile strength
Rm only >=380MPa, yield strength Rp0.2 >=240Mpa, and prepare when also need to carry out high-temperature carbonization annealing processing.
About -40 DEG C of low temperature high-ductility nodular cast irons, Chinese patent literature CN 105803300A(application number
201610165143.7) it discloses one kind and resists subzero 40 DEG C of low-temperature impacts CADI spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof, spheroidal graphite casting
In iron carbon mass fraction be 3.5%~3.7%, silicon mass fraction be 2.70%~2.90%, manganese mass fraction less than 0.20%,
Chromium mass fraction is 0.6%~0.7%, and for phosphorus mass fraction less than 0.035%, Copper mass fraction is 0.8%~1.0%, described
Resist subzero 40 DEG C of low-temperature impact CADI spheroidal graphite cast-iron to be -40 DEG C in temperature at non-notch impact value be 25J~30J.Specially according to this
Benefit load, the yield strength for resisting subzero 40 DEG C of low-temperature impacts CADI spheroidal graphite cast-iron of invention preparation are 750~800MPa, tension
Intensity is 1050~1150MPa, and elongation percentage is 3%~5%, hardness number HRC40~45.Although the nodular cast iron of the patent is in temperature
Degree is that non-notch impact value is 25J~30J at -40 DEG C, but its elongation percentage is only 3%~5%.
Chinese patent literature CN 104988382A(application number 201510459235.1) one kind is disclosed with ultralow temperature
The nodular cast iron gearbox and its manufacturing method of high impact toughness, chemical analysis and mass percent are as follows: C 3.50%~
3.80%, Si 1.7~1.9%, Mn 0.10%~0.15%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.015%, Ni 1.0%~
1.3%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.The patent document, which records the ductile cast iron casting, has -40 DEG C of low temperature punchings
Hit toughness, attached casting test block tensile strength keeps 500~510MPa, and impact value can reach 7 while elongation is up to 10%~20%
~9J, performance indexes comply fully with TJ/JW 065-2015 " the AC drive locomotive ductile iron gear of Chinese Railway parent company
The provisional technical conditions of case " newest regulation.The tensile strength of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron is 500~510Mpa, and 500~510Mpa is ball
The lower limit value of black cast iron gear case requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind without carrying out high-temperature carbonization annealing heat treatment, both shortened
Process flow, reduce production cost can guarantee high-intensity and high-tenacity and ultralow temperature impact performance index again, meet rail traffic use
- 40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron of key components and parts materials demand and preparation method thereof.
To realize that object above or other purposes, the present invention provide following technical scheme.
It is according to the invention in a first aspect, provide a kind of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron, each component and its opposite
In the weight percent of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron gross weight are as follows: C 3.6%~3.9%, Si 1.9%~2.1%, Mn < 0.2%, P <
0.03%, S 0.003%~0.012%, Cu 0.35%~0.5%, Ni 1.1%~1.5%, Re≤0.03%, Mg 0.025%~
0.05%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Second aspect according to the invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron,
The following steps are included:
1. furnace charge is prepared: weighing the desired amount of pig iron, steel scrap, carburant, fine copper, pure nickel, silicon by the chemical component of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Iron.
2. melting: first by step, 1. weighed steel scrap and carburant are added in intermediate frequency furnace, and the pig iron, pure nickel plate is then added,
Deslagging agent is spread after whole furnace charges are melting down carries out molten iron drossing；It is quiet that high temperature is carried out when smelting temperature reaches 1530~1560 DEG C
It sets, remove the gred, fine copper and ferrosilicon are added when molten iron temperature is reduced to 1500~1530 DEG C, then nodularization to be come out of the stove.
3. nodularization and inoculation: first will be in step 2. 1.0%~1.5% nodulizer addition ladle of molten iron total weight
Nodularization packet hole in tamping flatten, then above be added molten iron total weight 0.3%~0.5% packet bottom inovulant, packet bottom it is pregnant
The silicon steel sheet for educating 0.4%~1.0 % of addition molten iron total weight in agent is covered.
Then by 2 tapping of the molten iron in step 2. intermediate frequency furnace point, first out then partial molten iron is used directly into ladle
Backpack cover, which covers ladle, to carry out nodularization and packet bottom and breeds, wait wrap interior spheroidizing reacion after take away backpack cover, will the interior inovulant of packet
Be added in ladle, wrap in inovulant additional amount be molten iron total weight 0.5%~0.7 %, then complete remaining molten iron out；
Out after complete molten iron, molten iron in wrapping is stirred, is skimmed, is poured when molten iron temperature reaches 1380 DEG C~1420 DEG C.
4. casting and isothermal holding: by the molten iron casting after step 3. nodularization and inoculation into casting mold, casting process
In above hot metal flow be added molten iron total weight 0.1%~0.2% random inoculant carry out casting current-following inoculation, casting terminates
Afterwards, temperature≤300 DEG C are naturally cooled to casting mold, peeling of unpacking obtains -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
The third aspect according to the invention provides a kind of railway locomotive components, using -40 DEG C of low temperature height as described above
Strong high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron is prepared；The railway locomotive components are AC drive locomotive nodular cast iron gearbox or have same
Other components of equal mechanical property requirements.
The present invention has the effect of positive:
(1) present invention is optimized by the alloying component to low-temperature ball spheroidal graphite cast iron, by rationally controlling high-carbon, low silicon, low manganese,
It ensure that molten iron carbon equivalent enables molten iron to have preferable flowing cavity filling, while reducing its black brittleness transition temperature；Control
Certain sulphur, content of rare earth, not only ensure that hot metal purifying degree, but also make it have the good ability of breeding, while refining crystal grain, mentioning
High the number of graphite；Controlling suitable content of magnesium and carrying out current-following inoculation makes graphite nodule not only rounding but also more；Centainly contained by addition
Nickel, the copper alloy of amount ensure that the high-strength and high ductility performance of spheroidal graphite cast-iron.S content may be up in spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention
0.012%。
(2) composition of ductile cast iron material of the invention has reached high-strength, high-ductility and low-temperature impact toughness in spheroidal graphite cast-iron
On organically blend, can satisfy higher requirement, it is perspective with technology.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention meets track
Traffic key components and parts materials demand.
(3) preparation method of spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention is heat-treated without high-temperature carbonization annealing, to substantially reduce
Process flow avoids the energy of heat treatment process and the cleaning of high temperature rear surface and manually puts into, is effectively saved production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is graphite morphology in 100 times of metallographic structures not eroded under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 2
(95%P+5%F)；
Fig. 2 is matrix map (95%P+5% in 100 times of metallographic structures after corrosion under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 2
F)；
Fig. 3 is graphite morphology (90%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures not eroded under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 9
10%F)；
Fig. 4 is matrix map (90%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures after corrosion under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 9
10%F)；
Fig. 5 is graphite morphology (85%P in 100 times of metallographic structures not eroded under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 11
+ 15%F)；
Fig. 6 is matrix map (85%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures after corrosion under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 11
15%F)；
Fig. 7 is graphite morphology (80%P in 100 times of metallographic structures not eroded under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 12
+ 20%F)；
Fig. 8 is matrix map (80%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures after corrosion under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 12
20%F).
Specific embodiment
(embodiment 1)
What is be described below is some in multiple possible embodiments of the invention, it is desirable to provide to basic understanding of the invention, and
It is not intended to and confirms crucial or conclusive element of the invention or limit scope of the claimed.It is readily appreciated that, according to the present invention
Technical solution, in the case where not changing connotation of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can propose be replaced mutually
Other implementations.Therefore, following specific embodiments and attached drawing are only the exemplary theory to technical solution of the present invention
It is bright, and be not to be construed as whole of the invention or be considered as to define or limit technical solution of the present invention.
The application the following technical schemes are provided:
Technical solution 1, a kind of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which is characterized in that each component and its relative to the ball
The weight percent of black cast iron gross weight are as follows: C 3.6%~3.9%, Si 1.9%~2.1%, Mn < 0.2%, P < 0.03%, S
0.003%~0.012%, Cu 0.35%~0. 5%, Ni 1.1%~1.5%, Re≤0.03%, Mg 0.025%~0.05%, surplus
For iron and inevitable impurity.
Technical solution 2, spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in technical solution 1, wherein relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron gross weight, the weight of C
Measuring percentage is 3.7%~3.8%.
Technical solution 3, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 2, wherein relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Gross weight, the weight percent of Si are 1.98%~2.08%.
Technical solution 4, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 3, wherein relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Gross weight, the weight percent of S are 0.003%~0.010%.
Technical solution 5, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 4, wherein relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Gross weight, the weight percent of Cu are 0.40%~0. 46%.
Technical solution 6, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 5, wherein relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Gross weight, the weight percent of Ni are 1.3%~1.5%.
Technical solution 7, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 6, wherein spheroidal graphite cast-iron is as cast condition, matrix
Metallographic structure is made of pearlite+ferrite, wherein ferrite content≤20%.
Technical solution 8, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 7, wherein the matrix metallographic of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Graphite form is the number of accounting >=95%, VI shape graphite of the quantity of V shape graphite and VI shape graphite in graphite total amount in tissue
Accounting >=80% in graphite total amount is measured, graphite size is 6~8 grades.
Technical solution 9, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any in technical solution 1 to 8, wherein the tensile strength of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Rm >=600Mpa, elongation A >=7.5%, -40 DEG C of low-temperature impact work AKV >=4J.
Technical solution 10, the system of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any one of technical solution 1 to 9
Preparation Method, comprising the following steps:
1. furnace charge is prepared: weighing the desired amount of pig iron, steel scrap, carburant, fine copper, pure nickel, silicon by the chemical component of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Iron.
2. melting: first by step, 1. weighed steel scrap and carburant are added in intermediate frequency furnace, and the pig iron, pure nickel plate is then added,
Deslagging agent is spread after whole furnace charges are melting down carries out molten iron drossing；It is quiet that high temperature is carried out when smelting temperature reaches 1530~1560 DEG C
It sets, remove the gred, fine copper and ferrosilicon are added when molten iron temperature is reduced to 1500~1530 DEG C, then nodularization to be come out of the stove.
3. nodularization and inoculation: first will be in step 2. 1.0%~1.5% nodulizer addition ladle of molten iron total weight
Nodularization packet hole in tamping flatten, then above be added molten iron total weight 0.3%~0.5% packet bottom inovulant, packet bottom it is pregnant
The silicon steel sheet for educating 0.4%~1.0 % of addition molten iron total weight in agent is covered.
Then by the tapping in two times of the molten iron in step 2. intermediate frequency furnace, first partial molten iron is directly into ladle out, then
Ladle covered with backpack cover and carries out nodularization and packet bottom is bred, wait wrap interior spheroidizing reacion after take away backpack cover, will be bred in packet
Agent is added in ladle, wrap in inovulant additional amount be molten iron total weight 0.5%~0.7 %, then complete remaining iron out
Water；Out after complete molten iron, molten iron in wrapping is stirred, is skimmed, is poured when molten iron temperature reaches 1380 DEG C~1420 DEG C.
4. casting and isothermal holding: by the molten iron casting after step 3. nodularization and inoculation into casting mold, casting process
In above hot metal flow be added molten iron total weight 0.1%~0.2% random inoculant carry out casting current-following inoculation, casting terminates
Afterwards, temperature≤300 DEG C are naturally cooled to casting mold, peeling of unpacking obtains -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Technical solution 11, preparation method as described in technical solution 10, step 3. in nodulizer be low rare earth magnesium silicea,
Wherein contain Si 40%~50%, Mg 5%~8%, Re 1%~3%, Ca 1%~3%, Al 0.5%~1%；Wrap bottom inovulant and Bao Nei
Inovulant is for silicon barium calcium inovulant, wherein containing Si 70%~75%, Ba2%~4%, Ca0.7%~1.5%.
Technical solution 12, preparation method as described in technical solution 10, step 4. in random inoculant be silicon barium calcium it is pregnant
Agent is educated, wherein containing Si 65%~75%, Ba 1.5%~3%, Ca 1%~2%, Al 0.6%~1%, granularity is 0.2~0.7mm.
Technical solution 13, using -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in any one of technical solution 1 to 9
The railway locomotive components being prepared；The railway locomotive components are AC drive locomotive nodular cast iron gearbox or have
Other components of same mechanical property requirements.
Embodiment 1 to embodiment 12-40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron each component and its relative to the ball
The weight percent of black cast iron gross weight see the table below 1.
The component and weight percent (wt%) of 1 spheroidal graphite cast-iron of table
Impurity in upper table is inevitable impurity.
By taking the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of embodiment 1 as an example, the preparation method of spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention is illustrated.
The preparation method of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of embodiment 1 the following steps are included:
1. furnace charge is prepared: weighing the desired amount of pig iron, steel scrap, carburant, pure by the chemical component of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of embodiment 1
Copper, pure nickel, ferrosilicon, the wherein additional amount 0%~50% of foundry returns.
The pig iron is the Q10 pig iron, wherein Mn≤0.06%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.15%, Ti≤0.02%.
The steel scrap is that pipe cuts off steel scrap, wherein C≤0.2%, Si≤0.2%, Mn≤0.6%, P≤0.15%, S≤
0.1%。
The carburant is the graphited crystal-type carburant of high-temperature calcination.
2. melting: first by step, 1. weighed steel scrap and carburant are added in intermediate frequency furnace, and the pig iron, pure nickel plate is then added,
Deslagging agent is spread after whole furnace charges are melting down carries out molten iron drossing；It is quiet that high temperature is carried out when smelting temperature reaches 1530~1560 DEG C
It sets, remove the gred, fine copper and ferrosilicon are added when molten iron temperature is reduced to 1500~1530 DEG C, then nodularization to be come out of the stove.
3. nodularization and inoculation: first will be in step 2. 1.0%~1.5% nodulizer addition ladle of molten iron total weight
Nodularization packet hole in tamping flatten, then above be added molten iron total weight 0.3%~0.5% packet bottom inovulant, packet bottom it is pregnant
The silicon steel sheet for educating 0.4%~1.0 % of addition molten iron total weight in agent is covered.
The nodulizer is low rare earth magnesium silicea, wherein containing Si 40%~50%, Mg 5%~8%, Re 1%~3%, Ca
1%~3%, Al 0.5%~1%.
Packet bottom inovulant is for silicon barium calcium inovulant, wherein containing Si 70%~75%, Ba2%~4%, Ca0.7%~1.5%, grain
Degree is 2~7mm.
Then by the tapping in two times of the molten iron in step 2. intermediate frequency furnace, first out then 4/5 molten iron is used directly into ladle
Backpack cover, which covers ladle, to carry out nodularization and packet bottom and breeds, wait wrap interior spheroidizing reacion after take away backpack cover, will the interior inovulant of packet
Be added in ladle, wrap in inovulant additional amount be molten iron total weight 0.5%~0.7 %, then complete remaining 1/5 iron out
Water；Out after complete molten iron, molten iron in wrapping is stirred, is skimmed, is poured when molten iron temperature reaches 1380 DEG C~1420 DEG C.
Inovulant is silicon barium calcium inovulant in packet used, wherein contain Si 70%~75%, Ba2%~4%, Ca0.7%~
1.5%, granularity is 2~7mm.
4. casting and isothermal holding: by the molten iron casting after step 3. nodularization and inoculation into casting mold, casting process
In above hot metal flow be added molten iron total weight 0.1%~0.2% random inoculant carry out casting current-following inoculation, casting terminates
Afterwards, temperature≤300 DEG C are naturally cooled to casting mold, peeling of unpacking obtains -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility balls of embodiment 1
Black cast iron.
Random inoculant used is silicon barium calcium inovulant, wherein contain Si 65%~75%, Ba 1.5%~3%, Ca 1%~
2%, Al 0.6%~1%, granularity are 0.2~0.7mm.
Remaining is same as Example 1 to the preparation method of spheroidal graphite cast-iron of embodiment 12 for embodiment 2, the difference is that step
Suddenly when 1. furnace charge is prepared, the desired amount of pig iron, steel scrap, carburetting are weighed according to the chemical component of the corresponding spheroidal graphite cast-iron of each embodiment
Agent, fine copper, pure nickel, ferrosilicon.
Performance and metallographic structure testing result to nodular cast iron of the invention is as follows, in which:
Tensile strength Rm (MPa), regulation plastic elongation intensity Rp0.2 (MPa), elongation after fracture A (%) press GB/T1348-
The standard of 2009 " nodular iron castings " is detected.
Brinell hardness HBW presses GB/T 231.1-2009 " metal Brinell hardness test first part: test method " standard
It is detected.
- 40 DEG C/- 60 DEG C low-temperature impact work AKV press " the metal material Charpy pendulum impact test side GB/T229-2007
Method " standard detected.
Metallographic test is detected by EN ISO945-1:2008 standard.
Mechanics properties testing result see the table below 2.
2 mechanics properties testing result of table
- 40 DEG C/- 60 DEG C low-temperature impact work AKV testing results see the table below 3.
3-40 DEG C/- 60 DEG C low-temperature impact work AKV of table
Metallographic structure testing result such as the following table 4.
4 metallographic structure of table
Wherein graphite morphology (95%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures not eroded under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 2
5%F) see Fig. 1.
Matrix map (95%P+5% in 100 times of metallographic structures after corroding under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 2
F) see Fig. 2.
Graphite morphology (90%P+ in 100 times of not eroded metallographic structures under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 9
10%F) see Fig. 3.
Matrix map (90%P+10% in 100 times of metallographic structures after corroding under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 9
F) see Fig. 4.
Graphite morphology (85%P+ in 100 times of not eroded metallographic structures under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 11
15%F) see Fig. 5.
Matrix map (85%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures after corroding under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 11
15%F) see Fig. 6.
Graphite morphology (80%P+ in 100 times of not eroded metallographic structures under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 12
20%F) see Fig. 7.
Matrix map (80%P+ in 100 times of metallographic structures after corroding under the spheroidal graphite cast-iron as-cast condition of embodiment 12
20%F) see Fig. 8.
From above-mentioned metallographic structure testing result: the material of various embodiments of the present invention is as cast condition, and the matrix of material is golden
Phase constitution is made of pearlite+ferrite, wherein ferrite content≤20%.By ISO945 standard, the matrix metallographic structure of material
Middle graphite form are as follows: the quantity of accounting >=95%, VI shape graphite of the quantity of V shape graphite and VI shape graphite in graphite total amount exists
Accounting >=80% in graphite total amount, graphite size are 6-8 grades.
The composition of spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention has reached mechanical property and low-temperature impact toughness on high-strength ductile cast iron
Organically blend, meet higher requirement.Present invention obtains the ultralow temperature spheroidal graphite cast-iron that performance is higher than QT500-7, originally
The ultralow temperature spheroidal graphite cast-iron of invention high-strength (tensile strength Rm >=600MPa), high-ductility (elongation A >=7.5%) have good surpass
Cryogenic property (- 40 DEG C of ballistic work AKV mean value >=4J), performance indexes complies fully with the TJ/JW of Chinese Railway parent company
The newest regulation of 065-2015 " the provisional technical conditions of AC drive locomotive nodular cast iron gearbox ".
Claims (13)
1. a kind of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which is characterized in that each component and its total relative to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron
The weight percent of weight are as follows: C 3.6%~3.9%, Si 1.9%~2.1%, Mn < 0.2%, P < 0.03%, S 0.003%~
0.012%, Cu 0.35%~0. 5%, Ni 1.1%~1.5%, Re≤0.03%, Mg 0.025%~0.05%, surplus is for iron and not
Evitable impurity.
2. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: relative to the spheroidal graphite
Cast iron gross weight, the weight percent of C are 3.7%~3.8%.
3. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: relative to the spheroidal graphite
Cast iron gross weight, the weight percent of Si are 1.98%~2.08%.
4. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: relative to the spheroidal graphite
Cast iron gross weight, the weight percent of S are 0.003%~0.010%.
5. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: relative to the spheroidal graphite
Cast iron gross weight, the weight percent of Cu are 0.40%~0. 46%.
6. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: relative to the spheroidal graphite
Cast iron gross weight, the weight percent of Ni are 1.3%~1.5%.
7. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to one of claims 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: spheroidal graphite cast-iron
For as cast condition, matrix metallographic structure is made of pearlite+ferrite, wherein ferrite content≤20%.
8. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to one of claims 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Matrix metallographic structure in graphite form be accounting >=95%, VI of the quantity of V shape graphite and VI shape graphite in graphite total amount
Accounting >=80% of the quantity of shape graphite in graphite total amount, graphite size are 6~8 grades.
9. -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to one of claims 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: its tension is strong
Spend Rm >=600Mpa, elongation A >=7.5%, -40 DEG C of low-temperature impact work AKV >=4J.
10. a kind of preparation method of such as -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron described in any one of claims 1 to 6,
Be characterized in that the following steps are included:
1. furnace charge is prepared: weighing the desired amount of pig iron, steel scrap, carburant, fine copper, pure nickel, silicon by the chemical component of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Iron；
2. melting: first by step, 1. weighed steel scrap and carburant are added in intermediate frequency furnace, the pig iron, pure nickel plate are then added, to complete
Deslagging agent is spread after portion's furnace charge is melting down carries out molten iron drossing；Quiescence in high temperature is carried out when smelting temperature reaches 1530~1560 DEG C, is removed
Slag adds fine copper and ferrosilicon when molten iron temperature is reduced to 1500~1530 DEG C, then nodularization to be come out of the stove；
3. nodularization and inoculation: first by the ball in step 2. 1.0%~1.5% nodulizer addition ladle of molten iron total weight
Change tamping in packet hole to flatten, then in 0.3%~0.5% packet bottom inovulant that molten iron total weight is added above, in packet bottom inovulant
The silicon steel sheet of upper 0.4%~1.0 % that molten iron total weight is added is covered；
Then by the tapping in two times of the molten iron in step 2. intermediate frequency furnace, first partial molten iron is directly into ladle out, then with packet
Lid, which covers ladle, to carry out nodularization and packet bottom and breeds, wait wrap interior spheroidizing reacion after take away backpack cover, the interior inovulant of packet is added
Enter in ladle, wrap in inovulant additional amount be molten iron total weight 0.5%~0.7 %, then complete remaining molten iron out；Out
After complete molten iron, molten iron in wrapping is stirred, is skimmed, is poured when molten iron temperature reaches 1380 DEG C~1420 DEG C；
4. casting and isothermal holding: by the molten iron casting after step 3. nodularization and inoculation into casting mold, in casting process
0.1%~0.2% random inoculant that molten iron total weight is added above hot metal flow carries out casting current-following inoculation, after casting,
Temperature≤300 DEG C are naturally cooled to casting mold, peeling of unpacking obtains -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
11. the preparation method of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 10, it is characterised in that:
Step 3. in nodulizer be low rare earth magnesium silicea, wherein contain Si 40%~50%, Mg 5%~8%, Re 1%~3%, Ca
1%~3%, Al 0.5%~1%；Packet bottom inovulant and Bao Nei inovulant be for silicon barium calcium inovulant, wherein contain Si 70%~75%,
Ba2%~4%, Ca0.7%~1.5%.
12. the preparation method of -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strengths high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly 4. in random inoculant be silicon barium calcium inovulant, wherein contain Si 65%~75%, Ba 1.5%~3%, Ca 1%~2%, Al
0.6%~1%, granularity is 0.2~0.7mm.
13. a kind of railway locomotive components, it is characterised in that: using -40 DEG C of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility balls as described in claim 1
Black cast iron is prepared；The railway locomotive components is AC drive locomotive nodular cast iron gearboxes or have same mechanicalness
Other components that can be required.
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| PCT/CN2018/120676 WO2019120122A1 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2018-12-12 | HIGH STRENGTH AND HIGH TOUGHNESS SPHEROIDIZING GRAPHITE CAST IRON AT LOW TEMPERATURE OF -40ºC AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE PARTS |
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