CN102400032B - Large-cross-section nodular cast iron - Google Patents
Large-cross-section nodular cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN102400032B CN102400032B CN2011103291058A CN201110329105A CN102400032B CN 102400032 B CN102400032 B CN 102400032B CN 2011103291058 A CN2011103291058 A CN 2011103291058A CN 201110329105 A CN201110329105 A CN 201110329105A CN 102400032 B CN102400032 B CN 102400032B
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Abstract
The invention discloses large-cross-section nodular cast iron, belonging to the technical field of cast iron metallurgy and overcoming the defect that the nodular cast iron in the prior art cannot meet requirements of castings of high-impact machine dies due to poorer mechanical property. The large-cross-section nodular cast iron disclosed by the invention consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5-3.7 percent of C, 1.8-1.9 percent of Si, 0.1-0.2 percent of Mn, 0.045-0.05 percent of P, 0.01-0.015 percent of S, 0.018-0.02 percent of Re, 0.05-0.055 percent of Mg, 0.5 percent of Cu and the balance of Fe and inevitable trace elements. The large-cross-section nodular cast iron has the advantages of high tenacity and higher ferrite quantity and nodularization ratio and is particularly suitable for various castings of high-strength and high-impact machine dies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cast iron materials technical field, relate in particular to a kind of large section nodular graphite cast iron.
Background technology
Spheroidal graphite cast iron is to obtain globular graphite by nodularization and inoculation, and it has improved the mechanical property of cast iron effectively, has particularly improved plasticity and toughness, thereby obtains than carbon steel high intensity also.Spheroidal graphite cast iron is 20th century a kind of meehanite cast iron materials of growing up of the fifties, and its over-all properties, close to steel, just is being based on its excellent performance, has been successfully used to cast some stressed complexity, the part that intensity, toughness, wear resistance are had relatively high expectations.Spheroidal graphite cast iron developed rapidly for be only second to graphitic cast iron, application cast iron materials very widely.
Large section nodular cast iron refers to that template thickness is greater than the spheroidal graphite casting nodular cast iron used of 100 millimeters, and it is mainly used in the machine tool foundry goods of some high impact forces, high workload intensity, for example the injection moulding machine foundry goods.Existing large section nodular cast iron is because section is blocked up, and speed of cooling is slow, makes the foundry goods center occur that graphite morphology, spheroidal graphite number reduce to cause cast properties to descend, and when serious, even can cause foundry goods to scrap.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, propose a kind of high tenacity, and ferrite content and nodularization rate are all very high and have a large section nodular graphite cast iron of high-elongation.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is to propose a kind of large section nodular graphite cast iron, its mass percent is: C:3.5%-3.7%, Si:1.8%-1.9%, Mn:0.1%-0.2%, P:0.045%-0.05%, S:0.01%-0.015%, Re:0.018%-0.02%, Mg:0.05%-0.055%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, described large section nodular graphite cast iron mass percent is: C:3.5%, and Si:1.8%, Mn:0.1%, P:0.045%, S:0.01%, Re:0.018%, Mg:0.05%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, the mass percent of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.6%, Si:1.85%, Mn:0.15%, P:0.048%, S:0.01%, Re:0.019%, Mg:0.052%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, the mass percent of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.7%, and Si:1.9%, Mn:0.2%, P:0.05%, S:0.015%, Re:0.02%, Mg:0.055%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, the raw material of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is coke, Wingdale, the new pig iron, foundry return, steel scrap and iron alloy.
Further, described coke composition is: S:0.1%-0.4%, and ash: 1%-10%, moisture content: 1%-5%, volatile matter: 0.1%-1.5%, surplus is fixed carbon.
Further, described Wingdale composition is: SiO
2: 0.1%-1.6%, MgO:0.1%-2.5%, surplus is CaO.
Further, the composition of described foundry return is: C:3.60%-3.80%, and Si:2.0%-2.5%, Mn:0.01%-0.2%, P:0.01%-0.05%, S:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, described steel scrap composition is: C:0.1%-0.3%, and Mn:0.1%-0.3%, P:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Embodiment
The large section nodular graphite cast iron main composition of the present invention element is: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Re, Mg, Cu, Fe, the raw material of above-mentioned element comes from coke, Wingdale, the new pig iron, foundry return, steel scrap and iron alloy.Wherein, the composition of coke is: S:0.1%-0.4%, and ash: 1%-10%, moisture content: 1%-5%, volatile matter: 0.1%-1.5%, surplus is fixed carbon; The composition of Wingdale is: SiO
2: 0.1%-1.6%, MgO:0.1%-2.5%, surplus is CaO; The new pig iron refers to the iron-carbon that carbon content is greater than 2%, and it is by forming iron ore through blast-furnace smelting, and wherein the carbon content of the industrial new pig iron generally between 2.5%-4.5%, and contains the elements such as Mn, Si, P, S; Steel scrap refers to carbon steel, and its main component is: C:0.1%-0.3%, and Mn:0.1%-0.3%, P:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-; Foundry return refers to the waste casting produced after the large section nodular graphite cast iron of the present invention smelting, utilize foundry return as the raw material of nodular cast iron smelting can be cost-saving again, reach the effect of recycle, the composition of foundry return is: C:3.60%-3.80%, Si:2.0%-2.5%, Mn:0.01%-0.2%, P:0.01%-0.05%, S:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Embodiment mono-
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.5%, and Si:1.8%, Mn:0.1%, P:0.045%, S:0.01%, Re:0.018%, Mg:0.05%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Embodiment bis-
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.6%, and Si:1.85%, Mn:0.15%, P:0.048%, S:0.01%, Re:0.019%, Mg:0.052%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Embodiment tri-
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.7%, and Si:1.9%, Mn:0.2%, P:0.05%, S:0.015%, Re:0.02%, Mg:0.055%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
In each component of spheroidal graphite cast iron, C, Si, P, Mn, S are that spheroidal graphite cast iron is often deposited five elements.C is the essentially consist element of spheroidal graphite cast iron, improves carbon content and can reduce shrinkage porosite volume and shrinkage porosite area, makes the foundry goods densification.But carbon content is too high, and to reduce the shrinkage porosite effect not obvious, serious graphite floatation occurs on the contrary, and also to increase for the needed remaining Mg amount of the nodularization that guarantees graphite.
The Si element can reduce the solubleness of carbon in liquid and solid iron, promotes separating out of graphite, is to promote graphited element, therefore increases the quantity that the silicon amount can increase graphite, also can make graphite thick; Otherwise, reduce the silicon amount, can make graphite tiny.Generally speaking, when the carbon silicone content hangs down, spheroidal graphite cast iron can obtain higher physical strength and hardness, but mobility is slightly poor; Otherwise, when the carbon silicone content is high, the spheroidal graphite cast iron good fluidity, physical strength and hardness are lower.When needs are made large section nodular graphite cast iron, because template thickness is thicker, thick-walled casting is prone to thick graphite, now should reduce the carbon silicone content to reach the purpose that improves physical strength and hardness.
The Mn element is to hinder graphited element, increases the manganese amount and can increase the pearlite fraction in matrix.During but the Mn element has and the deleterious effect of element sulphur, the effect of stable and refine pearlite.In the content range of Mn element 0.1%-0.2% of the present invention, for the casting of large section nodular graphite cast iron, the Mn element is stable austenite and perlite strongly, makes the cast iron strength increase but toughness drop.
Although the S element be also spheroidal graphite cast iron often deposit one of five elements, this is the impact due to raw material itself.The S element is harmful element, can stop greying, its content should be controlled at below 0.15%, and in the present invention, the S constituent content is 0.01%-0.015%, its impact on spheroidal graphite cast iron and very little.
The P element also is considered to harmful element usually, can not promote greying, and too high phosphoric even can make the shrinkage cavity and porosity of cast iron and tearing tendency increase, but the phosphoric of trace its can increase mobility and the castability of cast iron.
The Cu element can promote the greying in eutectic stage, makes dense structure, and refinement and improve being uniformly distributed of graphite, it can reduce the chilling tendency of cast iron, can reduce the austenitic transformation critical temperature again, refinement and increasing into perlite, have Beneficial Effect to sensitivity profile.After the copper of the present invention by interpolation 0.5% mass percent, the spheroidal graphite cast iron tensile strength and the yield strength that prepare improve a lot.
Mg element and rare earth element are all the elements that promotes nodularization, and it can strengthen the spheroidization of nodulizing agent in the spheroidal graphite cast iron production process.
Above-mentioned large section nodular graphite cast iron is to make by the following method:
(1) raw material melting; Formula by the various embodiments described above takes coke, Wingdale, steel scrap, the new pig iron, foundry return and iron alloy and drops in order in cupola furnace, preheating started melting after 20 minutes, guarantee in fusion process that molten iron temperature is 1450 ° to 1500 °, detect in molten iron each constituent content after melting and adjust each constituent content until meet the formula requirement, tapping a blast furnace when iron water amount reaches required weight in hot metal ladle and carry out spheroidizing;
(2) spheroidizing and inoculation for the first time; Adding total mass in nodularization bag one side is the first nodulizing agent and second nodulizing agent of 1.9%-2.0% of iron liquid quality of coming out of the stove, wherein the first nodulizing agent accounts for 40% of all nodulizing agent quality, the second nodulizing agent accounts for 60% of all nodulizing agent quality, the first nodulizing agent under, the second nodulizing agent is upper and go back covering quality be equivalent to the come out of the stove 0.25%-0.35% of iron liquid quality, the nucleating agent that granularity is the 15-30 millimeter on the second nodulizing agent, after the iron liquid of coming out of the stove enters the nodularization bag, the first nodulizing agent and the second nodulizing agent be to its spheroidizing, and nucleating agent is to its inoculation for the first time;
(3) inoculation for the second time; When iron liquid height goes out to hot metal ladle 2/3 in hot metal ladle, evenly be sprinkled into quality be equivalent to the come out of the stove 0.3%-0.5% of iron liquid quality, the nucleating agent that granularity is the 15-30 millimeter in iron notch, after iron liquid enters iron notch, nucleating agent is to its inoculation for the second time;
(4) inoculation for the third time; During iron liquid casting, with iron liquid, again add quality to be equivalent to the 0.1%-0.15% of iron liquid quality, nucleating agent that granularity is the 0.3-1 millimeter with to its inoculation for the third time; Obtain the large section sphere of the present invention cast iron after cast.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the moiety of the first nodulizing agent is: Y:2%-7%, Mg:7%-9%, Si:37%-44%, Ca:1%-3%, Sb:0.3%-0.4%, Mn:0.1%-0.4%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, Ti:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-;
The moiety of the second nodulizing agent is: Re:2%-4%, and Mg:Mg:7%-9%, Si:37%-44%, Ca:1%-3%, Mn:0.1%-0.4%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, Ti:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-;
The moiety of nucleating agent is: Si:72%-76%, and Ca:0.1%-1.0%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
The spheroidal graphite cast iron of filling a prescription by above-mentioned preparation method's Preparation Example one to embodiment tri-is also tested its mechanical property and metallographic, and test result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Known by above-mentioned test result, the present invention is large, and section nodular graphite cast iron has high tenacity, and ferrite content and nodularization rate are all very high, is particularly suitable for the foundry goods of all kinds of high strength, HI high impact merit machine tool, for example the injection moulding machine foundry goods.
Main chemical elements symbol and title that the present invention uses are explained as follows: C: carbon, Si: silicon, Mn: manganese, P: phosphorus, S: sulphur, Al: aluminium, Fe: iron, Cu: copper, Ca: calcium, O: oxygen, Ti: thallium, Sb: antimony, Mg: magnesium; Re: full name is Rare Earth, refers to rare earth element, rare earth element be in the periodic table of elements lanthanon and with the closely-related scandium of lanthanon (Sc) element and yttrium (Y) element.
Claims (8)
1. a large section nodular graphite cast iron, it is characterized in that, the template thickness of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is greater than 100 millimeters, and the mass percent of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.5%-3.6%, Si:1.8%-1.85%, Mn:0.1%-0.15%, P:0.045%-0.048%, S:0.01%, RE:0.018%-0.019%, Mg:0.05%-0.052%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-; Described large section nodular graphite cast iron is to make by the following method:
(1) raw material melting; Take coke, Wingdale, steel scrap, the new pig iron, foundry return and iron alloy and drop in order in cupola furnace by above-mentioned formula, preheating started melting after 20 minutes, guarantee in fusion process that molten iron temperature is 1450 ℃ to 1500 ℃, detect in molten iron each constituent content after melting and adjust each constituent content until meet the formula requirement, tapping a blast furnace when iron water amount reaches required weight in hot metal ladle and carry out spheroidizing;
(2) spheroidizing and inoculation for the first time; Adding total mass in nodularization bag one side is the first nodulizing agent and second nodulizing agent of 1.9%-2.0% of iron liquid quality of coming out of the stove, wherein the first nodulizing agent accounts for 40% of all nodulizing agent quality, the second nodulizing agent accounts for 60% of all nodulizing agent quality, the first nodulizing agent under, the second nodulizing agent is upper and go back covering quality be equivalent to the come out of the stove 0.25%-0.35% of iron liquid quality, the nucleating agent that granularity is the 15-30 millimeter on the second nodulizing agent, after the iron liquid of coming out of the stove enters the nodularization bag, the first nodulizing agent and the second nodulizing agent be to its spheroidizing, and nucleating agent is to its inoculation for the first time;
(3) inoculation for the second time; When iron liquid height goes out to hot metal ladle 2/3 in hot metal ladle, evenly be sprinkled into quality be equivalent to the come out of the stove 0.3%-0.5% of iron liquid quality, the nucleating agent that granularity is the 15-30 millimeter in iron notch, after iron liquid enters iron notch, nucleating agent is to its inoculation for the second time;
(4) inoculation for the third time; During iron liquid casting, with iron liquid, again add quality to be equivalent to the 0.1%-0.15% of iron liquid quality, nucleating agent that granularity is the 0.3-1 millimeter with to its inoculation for the third time; Obtain large section sphere cast iron after cast;
Wherein, the moiety of the first nodulizing agent is: Y:2%-7%, Mg:7%-9%, Si:37%-44%, Ca:1%-3%, Sb:0.3%-0.4%, Mn:0.1%-0.4%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, Ti:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-;
The moiety of the second nodulizing agent is: RE:2%-4%, and Mg:7%-9%, Si:37%-44%, Ca:1%-3%, Mn:0.1%-0.4%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, Ti:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-;
The moiety of nucleating agent is: Si:72%-76%, and Ca:0.1%-1.0%, Al:0.1%-0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
2. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described large section nodular graphite cast iron mass percent is: C:3.5%, Si:1.8%, Mn:0.1%, P:0.045%, S:0.01%, RE:0.018%, Mg:0.05%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
3. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mass percent of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is: C:3.6%, Si:1.85%, Mn:0.15%, P:0.048%, S:0.01%, RE:0.019%, Mg:0.052%, Cu:0.5%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
4. according to the described large section nodular graphite cast iron of claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that: the raw material of described large section nodular graphite cast iron is coke, Wingdale, the new pig iron, foundry return, steel scrap and iron alloy.
5. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described coke composition is: S:0.1%-0.4%, ash: 1%-10%, moisture content: 1%-5%, volatile matter: 0.1%-1.5%, surplus is fixed carbon.
6. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described Wingdale composition is: SiO2:0.1%-1.6%, MgO:0.1%-2.5%, surplus is CaO.
7. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the composition of described foundry return is: C:3.60%-3.80%, Si:2.0%-2.5%, Mn:0.01%-0.2%, P:0.01%-0.05%, S:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
8. large section nodular graphite cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described steel scrap composition is: C:0.1%-0.3%, Mn:0.1%-0.3%, P:0.01%-0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable trace element.
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| CN103757172A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-04-30 | 恒天重工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
| CN103789605A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-14 | 恒天重工股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of spheroidal graphite cast iron casting of wind power yaw variable-pitch device |
| CN105316563A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-10 | 宁波康发铸造有限公司 | Inoculants, preparation method thereof and application in smelting of nodular cast iron |
| CN105950955A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-21 | 含山县兴达球墨铸铁厂 | Nodular cast iron for vehicle speed reducer and preparation process of nodular cast iron |
| CN108085580A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-29 | 山东汇金股份有限公司 | A kind of high intensity, high tenacity cast condition ductile iron and its production method |
| CN114085941A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-25 | 扬州广润机械有限公司 | Casting process of high-toughness nodular cast iron bushing for wind power |
| CN114737005A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏亚峰合金材料有限公司 | Novel nodulizer for reducing chilling tendency of cast iron |
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