CN103498108A - High-boron high-chromium low-carbon wear-resisting alloy steel with good red hardness and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-boron high-chromium low-carbon wear-resisting alloy steel with good red hardness and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103498108A CN103498108A CN201310495472.4A CN201310495472A CN103498108A CN 103498108 A CN103498108 A CN 103498108A CN 201310495472 A CN201310495472 A CN 201310495472A CN 103498108 A CN103498108 A CN 103498108A
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 0.05~0.5%RE Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000025599 Heat Stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Mo] Chemical compound [Fe].[Mo] HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Sr] Chemical compound [Si].[Sr] MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002968 anti-fracture Effects 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOJQNBIDYDPHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Ba] OOJQNBIDYDPHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#B QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides high-boron high-chromium low-carbon wear-resisting alloy steel with good red hardness and a manufacturing method thereof. The chemical content of the high-boron high-chromium low-carbon wear-resisting alloy steel includes, by weight, 0.10%-0.5% of C, 12%-26% of Cr, 0.5%-1.2% of Si, 0.5%-1.5% of Mn, 2.5%-3.6% of B, 0.7%-2.4% of Cu, 3.2%-3.9% of Al, 0.8%-1.6% of Ti, 0.02%-0.15% of Ca, 0.03-0.25% of Ce, 0.02%-0.18% of N, 0.05%-0.3% of Nb, 0.12%-0.25% of Mg, 0.04%-0.13% of K, 0.05%-0.12% of Ca, 0.06%-0.15% of Ba, less than 0.03% of S, less than 0.04% of P and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. After steel scrap and ferrochromium are melted in an electric furnace, a copper plate, silicon iron and ferromanganese are added to the electric furnace, after content is qualified through pre-furnace adjustment, the temperature of a melt rises to 1560-1620 DEG C, calcium-silicon alloy and deoxidation aluminum are added, ferrotitanium, ferroboron and metal aluminum are sequentially added and poured out of the furnace after being melted, granular rare earth magnesium alloy with the diameter of less than 12mm and a composite inoculant composed of metal cerium, Si3N4, VN, Nb and K are placed at the bottom of a steel ladle after being roasted, metaphoric inoculation processing is carried out on smelt liquid steel in a in-ladle pouring mode, the liquid steel pouring temperature ranges from 1400 DEG C to 1450 DEG C, and a casting piece undergoes air cooling for 2-4 hours at the temperature of 920-1150 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel material technical field, relate to a kind of casting wear-resistant die steel and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The development of modern science and technology is more and more higher to the requirement of material, wearing and tearing are the industrial sector ubiquities such as mine, metallurgy, machinery, electric power, coal, oil, building materials, traffic and become a major reason that causes structure deteriorate or material failure and energy consumption, also one of three kinds of main failure modes of mechanical component, research and development a new generation high-abrasive material, reduce galling, national economy is had great importance.The metal wear resistant material of at present widespread use mainly contains steel alloy and cast iron base high-abrasive material, the former good toughness, but have the deficiency that hardness is low and wear no resistance.Ferrio wear-resistant material can be divided into two large classes, a class be in tissue, contain in large quantities, thick ground, high rigidity ground hard phase (>=5%vol.); Another kind of is do not have in tissue or only contain marginally hard phase.Due to the wear resistance of hard phase higher than matrix, so hard phase becomes the wear-resisting skeleton of high-abrasive material naturally.Traditional white cast iron is the Typical Representative of this class high-abrasive material.In white cast iron, contain the M of the 10%vol. that has an appointment in tissue
3c type or M
7c type carbide.Because M
3c type or M
7c type carbide has high rigidity, thereby white cast iron has high-wearing feature.In ferrio wear-resistant material, the hard phase that can be used as wear-resisting skeleton of finding at present mainly contains two large classes, and a class is carbide; Another kind of is boride.At present, people are to usining more as the research of the ferrio wear-resistant material of wear-resisting skeleton of carbide, and have the more boride of high rigidity and study seldom as the ferrio wear-resistant material of wear-resisting skeleton for usining.Because white cast iron has high rigidity and high-wearing feature, thereby still use in a large number at present such material in the metal wear resistant material field, but such material exists fragility large, easily peel off the even deficiency of cracking in use, thereby can't meet the requirement of development of modern industry to the high-performance abrasion-proof material.Therefore, Development and Production technique is simple, low production cost, intensity and toughness is high, hardening capacity and the good New Generation Steel high-abrasive material of hardenability, replaces now widely used common high-abrasive material under the abrasive wear operating mode, and tool is of great significance undoubtedly.
For improving the abrasion resistance of metal wear resistant material, meet application requiring, in recent years, carried out a large amount of research both at home and abroad, developed a large amount of novel high-performance high-abrasive materials.Chinese invention patent CN1039267 discloses a kind of composition and preparation technology thereof of antiwear high-chromium cast iron, the chemical composition of this material (by weight percentage) is: 2.9～3.2%C, 0.4～0.8%Si, 0.4～1.0%Mn, 1.2～2.0%Mo, 18.0～20.0%Cr, 4.0～5.0%V, 0.8～1.2%Cu, 0.05～0.5%RE, P<0.08%, S<0.05%, all the other are iron.This antiwear high-chromium cast iron is compared with common high-abrasive material, have wear-resistant, good mechanical property, thermal treatment process is simple, low power consumption and other advantages is suitable for making the wear-resisting spare part of Working environment harshness.But contain the alloying elements such as more vanadium, molybdenum in this kind of antifriction cast iron, production cost is high, and easy to crack while also existing high-temperature heat treatment, the fragility of material is large, easily peels off the even deficiency such as cracking in use.In order to improve the toughness of high-chromium white cast iron, Chinese invention patent CN1115339 discloses Cr series white cast iron compound inoculant, this nucleating agent is selected when Cr series white cast iron has been solidified to C, Cr, the Fe element of inoculation(effect), by adding Si, Mg, RE alloying element, to change second-phase form and distribution, play the metamorphism to metal melt, adopted on technique and bred the technological line of being combined with metamorphic facies.Adopt this invention can make the ballistic work of Cr series white cast iron reach 4.5J, make impelling strength improve 60%, fracture toughness property reaches 32MPa.m
1/2, improving 30%, tensile strength reaches 668MPa.But the fragility of this material is still larger, under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode, to use, safe reliability is lower.
Boron is the rich element that produces of China, and total storage accounts for the 5th, the world.Large quantity research shows, adds appropriate boron in steel, by boron content and carbon content in the adjusting alloy, can realize the control to boride percent by volume and matrix carbon content, makes material have excellent wear resistance and obdurability.Add all right refining eutectic carbide of trace B in white cast iron, improve form and the distribution of carbide, improve the white cast iron mechanical property.Verified in the engineering application, boron adds in structure iron can replace part or all nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum etc., in automotive industry, with boron steel, replaces the 40Cr steel, is not less than chromium steel its work-ing life.The metal wear resistant material that boron is main alloy element is take in exploitation, make it there is good hardenability and hardening capacity, precious alloy element add-on is few, low production cost, and melting technology is simple, plasticity is good, pollution-free, adopt metal melt to purify and the treatment process that goes bad simultaneously, improve the tissue morphology of boron-containing alloy material, make it there is good obdurability and wear resistance, will be with a wide range of applications in the high-abrasive material field.Chinese invention patent CN1624180 discloses a kind of high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy and heat treating method thereof for this reason, and the main chemical compositions of this high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy (% by weight) is: 0.15～0.70%C, 0.3～1.9%B, 0.4～0.8%Si, 0.6～1.3%Mn, 0.3～0.80%Cr, 0.05～0.25%Ce, 0.02～0.10%La, 0.005～0.018%Ca, 0.04～0.18%K, 0.08～0.25%Al, P<0.04%, S<0.04%, all the other are Fe.This alloy after heat treatment can obtain lath martensite and add the complex tissue that the high rigidity boride forms, and make material have over-all properties preferably, but boride is continuous net-shaped distribution, makes the fragility of material larger.For improving high boron alloy toughness, carried out a large amount of research both at home and abroad.Chinese invention patent CN1804091 discloses the toughening method of casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy, the method is to be by chemical composition: 0.30～0.35%C, 1.0～1.5%B, 0.6～0.8%Si, 0.8～1.0%Mn, P<0.04%, S<0.04%, all the other are Fe, Ti and inevitable impurity element, and wherein Ti is brought into by the alterant ferrotianium.Its toughening method is: first by the molten steel melting and with after aluminium deoxidation, add the processing of going bad of alterant ferro-titanium, after skimming clearly, change poured into a mould, carry out malleableize thermal treatment after casting complete, the malleableize thermal treatment temp is 1020 ℃～1050 ℃, soaking time is 2～3 hours, is then quenched or normalizing, last tempering: alterant ferro-titanium consumption is casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy 0.75～1.0%.The eutectic boride of the sand mold casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy after patent is isolated shape and is distributed in matrix.Because this technique does not become boride into particulate state, be only large block distribution, therefore still exist the fragility of material large, toughness is not too high, is only 12.5J, can't meet the safe handling under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode.
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) patent No. SU1,447,926 disclosed a kind of " the high boron alloy manufacture method of high strength and high impact toughness ", the chemical composition of this high boron alloy is: 0.2～0.50%C, 2.1～3.5%B, 0.15～0.6%Si, 0.25～0.80%Mn, 0.2～0.80%Sb, contain more antimony in this alloy composition, will significantly increase the production cost of high boron alloy, and boron-containing quantity is higher, in alloy structure, boride quantity increases, and is unfavorable for the improvement of high boron alloy toughness.
For improving the wear resisting property of rich chromium cast iron, reduce the production cost of rich chromium cast iron, Japanese Patent JP3150334-A, JP93041691-B disclose a kind of boron-containing high-chromium cast iron, its main chemical compositions is: 2.7～3.5%C, 0.2～1.0%Si, 0.5～1.5%Mn, 27～34%Cr, 0.5～2.0%Mo, 0.5～2.0%W ,≤0.1%B, this high boron, high chrome cast iron is after 950～1100 ℃ of normalizings and 200～500 ℃ of tempering, more than hardness reaches 62HRC, shock strength surpasses 0.23.Because boron content is less, in order to improve hardening capacity, therefore added 0.5～2.0%Mo in alloy, and chrome content is higher, has increased production cost.
For reducing production costs, improve the performance of rich chromium cast iron, Chinese invention patent CN101260497A discloses boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron and manufacture method thereof, the chemical composition that it is characterized in that boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is (% by weight): 2.5～3.5%C, 15～28%Cr, 0.5～1.2%Si, 0.5～1.2%Mn, 0.15～0.3%B, 0.008～0.03%Ca, 0, 03～0.08%Ba, 0.02～0.05%Sr, 0.03～0.08%Al, 0.20～0.50%Ti, 0.02～0.06%La, 0.02～0.06%Ce, P<0.04%, S<0.04%, all the other are Fe, and 0.05%≤La+Ce≤0.10%, 6.0≤Cr+C≤8.0.The manufacture method of this boron high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is: steel scrap, ferrochrome and the pig iron are mixed and puts into the stove heat fused, after adding ferrosilicon and ferromanganese adjusting component qualified after molten iron is molten clear, temperature is risen to 1560～1600 ℃, add the silicocalcium pre-deoxidation, after pre-deoxidation 1～2 minute, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, final deoxygenation is after 1～2 minute, add ferrotianium, ferrotianium adds ferro-boron after adding 1～2 minute, and ferro-boron added after 1～2 minute comes out of the stove; Barium silicon alloy, strontium silicon alloy, aluminium, ferrotianium, ferro-boron and mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 4～10mm, after 150～180 ℃ of oven dry, be placed in the casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in bag, to the molten iron processing of go bad, the molten iron temperature after the processing of then going bad pours into foundry goods at 1420～1480 ℃; Poured into a mould foundry goods is carried out to normalizing treatment at 980～1050 ℃ after insulation in 4～6 hours, then at 250～500 ℃, carry out temper, tempering insulation time 8～10 hours, make boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron.Compared with the prior art this invention has the following advantages: 1. adopt cheap boron to replace the alloying elements such as expensive molybdenum, nickel, improve the hardening capacity of rich chromium cast iron, reduce rich chromium cast iron production cost 30～50%.2. adopt the element thinning solidification structures such as mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium, titanium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminium, alleviate element segregation, improve carbide morphology and distribution, improve intensity and the toughness of boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron, wherein tensile strength surpasses 580MPa, and impelling strength is greater than 10J/cm
2, hardness is greater than 62HRC.3. adopt silicon-Ca-alloy For Deoxidation, the aluminium final deoxygenation adopts the fixedly nitrogen in iron liquid of titanium simultaneously, has stablized and improved the rate of the receipts of boron, and the rate of the receipts of boron is greater than 92%, than usual way, improves rate that boron receives more than 10%, makes the boron-containing high-chromium cast iron stable.4. this boron-containing high-chromium cast iron has excellent wear resistance, has met or exceeded containing molybdenum, nickel high-chromium white cast iron level.But this boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is due to boron-containing quantity little (0.15～0.3%), and the boride content in alloy is few, makes its wear resisting property still lower; Due to the carbon content in boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron high (2.5～3.5%C), make its toughness lower, use its poor safety performance under heavy duty, large impact wear working condition; Owing to adopting the processing of go bad of more alloy, cause rotten complex treatment process, the cost increase.
Chinese invention patent CN101660097B discloses wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome and preparation method thereof, the chemical composition that it is characterized in that wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome is (% by weight): 0.10～0.5%C, 3～26%Cr, 0.5～1.2%Si, 0.5～1.5%Mn, 0.3～2.8%B, 0.3-2.6%Cu, 0.2-0.6%Ti, 0.02-0.15%Ca, 0.03-0.25%Ce, 0.02-0.18%N, 0.05～0.3%Nb, 0.04～0.09%Al, 0.02～0.15%Mg, 0.04-0.13%K, S<0.03%, P<0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.Although this patent is managed, hardness is high, the carbide of the chromium with high rigidity of the boride of wear resistance and thermally-stabilised good high-content and high-content and chromium is as the hard phase of wear resistant alloy, boride is embedded on the martensitic matrix of high tenacity, acquisition has high-strong toughness, high-wearing feature, the low-cost wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of not nickeliferous and molybdenum element.But the high-temperature oxidation resistance of this material is poor, and high temperature lower substrate hardness obviously descends, cause metallic matrix under high temperature wear not improve good support to hard phase (carbide, boride), matrix is preferably wearing and tearing easily, hard phase is prone to brittle failure and peels off under the effect of abrasive material, and its excellent abrasion resistance is not in full use.Therefore improve the boron-containing alloy high temperature resistant property, for enlarging the application of boron-containing alloy material under the high temperature wear environment, there is very important effect.The A that under high temperature, aluminium element forms
120
3the oxide film densification is firm, does not have volatility, with Cr
20
3oxide film is combined closely, and has greatly increased the high-temperature oxidation resistance of ferrous alloy.In addition, aluminium is non-carbide forming element, is dissolved in the high-speed tool Steel Alloy, can improve temper resistance, room temperature hardness and the hot hardness of rapid tool steel, favourable to the high temperature abrasion resistance that improves rapid tool steel.Above-mentioned unique effect in view of aluminium element adds appropriate aluminium element in boron-containing alloy, for the high temperature abrasion resistance that improves boron-containing alloy, is useful.Make it be applied in the worst hot case condition.
Therefore, although boron-containing high-chromium cast iron all is studied, because its intensity and toughness and red hardness are resolved, cause it to fail to obtain extensive promotion and application at home and abroad always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of and using that hardness is high, the carbide of the chromium with high rigidity of the boride of wear resistance and the good high-content of resistance to elevated temperatures and high-content and chromium is as the hard phase of wear resistant alloy, boride is embedded on the martensitic matrix of high tenacity, acquisition has high-strong toughness, high-wearing feature, low-cost wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome and the manufacture method thereof of not nickeliferous and molybdenum element.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can realize by design and the technical scheme of following basic chemical composition:
A kind of wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome chemical composition provided by the present invention and mass percent thereof are; 0.10～0.5%C, 12～26%Cr, 0.5～1.2%Si, 0.5～1.5%Mn, 2.5～3.6%B, 0.7-2.4%Cu, Al3.2%～3.9%, 0.8-1.6%Ti, 0.02-0.15%Ca, 0.03-0.25%Ce, 0.02-0.18%N, 0.05～0.3%Nb, 0.12～0.25%Mg, 0.04-0.13%K, 0.05-0.12Ca, 0.06-0.15Ba, S<0.03%, P<0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese after melting clearly, control carbon content and reach requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1620 ℃, add silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, then sequentially add ferrotianium, ferro-boron and metallic aluminium fusing;
(2), when ferrotianium and ferro-boron all after fusing, particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, Si will be less than
3n
4, the composite inoculating nucleating agent that forms of Nb and K wraps with sheet iron, is placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature baking of 160～200 ℃, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) molten steel that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation pours into foundry goods in sand mold or metal mold, or on whizzer, adopt the centrifugal composite casting method to pour into skin for wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome, the double metallic composite material that internal layer is cast iron, cast alloy iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron or low alloy steel, 1400～1450 ℃ of melt cast temperature;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, subcritical annealing is carried out in insulation in 4-6 hour, substrate degradation is become to the mixture of ferrite and carbide, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
(5) after casting finish, or after machined, foundry goods or workpiece are heat-treated 920～1150 ℃ of insulations in 2-4 hour, make it harden to form austenite, then carry out air cooling to room temperature, in order to form martensitic microstructure in alloy substrate, the hardness of the material after this thermal treatment process is processed can reach HRC50～65.If necessary, the material after thermal treatment can be carried out to temper at 150～200 ℃, tempering insulation time 2-4 hour, with the stove air cooling to room temperature, further to adjust hardness.
The performance of alloy material is to be determined by the metallographic structure of metallic substance, and certain material structure depends on chemical composition and the thermal treatment process thereof of material, and definite foundation of chemical composition of the present invention is:
C:C is the principal element that affects metal material hardness and toughness and anti-fatigue performance.In casting alloy, the fracture toughness property of material, shock resistance, resistance to fatigue and wear resistance depend on the percentage by volume of each hard phase to a great extent, and the amount of hard phase is relevant with the content of carbon, boron content and carbide forming element and boride forming element, simultaneously also relevant with the content of the interstitial carbon of matrix and boron.Along with the increase of carbon content in material, carbide significantly increases, and is distributed on crystal boundary, therefore toughness descends.Because adopting the boride of part high rigidity, the present invention replaces carbide, thereby in alloy compositions design of the present invention, the most important thing is to make the carbon content of matrix to remain on enough low level, so just can make material obtain enough fracture toughness propertyes or thermal-shock resistance, thus the present invention by carbon content control 0.10～0.5%.
Cr:Cr is the principal element in alloy of the present invention.In High Boron Steel, add appropriate Cr can improve the hardening capacity of steel, the tissue of refinement steel, be conducive to reduce the fragility of boride.When in steel, the content of Cr is greater than 12%, carbide is mainly (Cr, the Fe) of high rigidity
7c
3the type carbide, thus make alloy there is good resistance to abrasion, and Cr also has good oxidation-resistance and corrosion resistance nature simultaneously.In boron-containing die steel chromatize on the one hand can solid solution in matrix, improve matrix hardening capacity, chromium also has solid solution in boride and reduces the effect of boride fragility on the other hand, chromium also promotes the increase of boron solid solution capacity in matrix, there is indirect raising cast steel hardening capacity, improve the effect of temper resistance.But when the Cr too high levels, the smelting difficulty of material, castability worsens, and cost increases.Comprehensive above factor, the present invention is controlled at 3～26% by Cr content.
B:B is a kind of special element, and ordination number is 5, between metal and nonmetal between, can metallizing again can with nonmetal chemical combination.Boron is the main alloy element in cast steel with high chromium, adds appropriate B in high boron, high chrome cast steel, can replace the part carbon atom in carbide, forms the alloy carbide of boracic, and carbide volume fraction is increased along with the increase of boron content.And the carbide containing boron average hardness is than (Cr, Fe)
7c
3the type carbide improves, and the strain induced martensite phase transformation that is easier to rub of boron-containing high-chromium steel, produce work hardening, and its resistance to abrasion is also high without the boron high chromium steel.Simultaneously, the difference due to atomic size, cause lattice distortion, and the microhardness of matrix is improved.Moreover, because the boron atomic radius is less, very easily at crystal boundary, produce segregation.The boron of segregation on crystal boundary can suppress ferrite cenotype forming core, is conducive to improve hardening capacity and the hardenability of cast steel with high chromium.These effects of boron are favourable to improving the cast steel with high chromium abrasion resistance.But the boron add-on is too much, will cause fragility boride quantity to increase, cause the decline of cast steel with high chromium toughness, intensity and the toughness of infringement cast steel, when the boron add-on less, boride comparatively small amt in cast steel, not obvious to the wear resistance effect that improves cast steel.Comprehensive above reason, the present invention is controlled at 0.3～2.8% by B content
Cu:Cu is non-carbide and boride forming element, mainly is dissolved in matrix, can obviously improve the hardening capacity of matrix, is dissolved in the effect that copper in matrix also is improved the high-boron cast steel erosion resistance.The copper add-on is very few, and not obvious to the hardening capacity effect that improves high-boron cast steel, add-on is too much, and part copper also can be separated out at grain boundary precipitate, reduces on the contrary the wear resistance of high-boron cast steel, consider, by copper content control 0.3～2.6%.
Si:Si is also the main alloy element in high boron, high chrome low-carbon abrasion resistant steel, and be non-carbide forming element, can increase the activity of carbon in austenite, in the bainite ferrite process of growth, unnecessary carbon can the contiguous austenite discharged to interface one side in, owing to hindering cementite, separate out, cause the rich carbon of austenite on every side, make between the bainite ferrite slip or slip in rich carbon residual austenite stabilization, form carbide-free Bainite.In silicon solid solution and ferrite and austenite, obvious strengthening effect is arranged, silicon can reduce the solubleness of carbon in austenite, impels Carbide Precipitation, improves intensity and hardness.The temperature range that silicon also makes the first temper brittleness of steel occur raises,, make steel in tempering under comparatively high temps, eliminate more quenching stress.The avidity of silicon and oxygen is only second to aluminium and titanium, and is better than violent, chromium, vanadium etc., is good reductive agent and reductor, can improve the density of cast steel, but too high plasticity and the toughness that will significantly reduce steel of silicon amount.Consider, silicone content is controlled to 0.5～1.2%.
Mn:Mn can increase the hardening capacity of steel strongly, and martensitic stucture is easy to get after quenching.Manganese can also play the effect of reductor and sweetening agent, can cleaning molten steel.Adding appropriate manganese in High Boron Steel, is mainly that add-on is too much in order to improve the hardening capacity of steel, and tissue that will the alligatoring steel increases the hot cracking tendency of High Boron Steel.Consider, manganese is controlled at 0.5～1.5%Mn.
Ti: add appropriate titanium in high boron, can thinning solidification structure, can also the refinement boride, promote suspension and isolated distribution of boride network.Titanium adds in high-boron cast steel Ti+2B=TiB occurs
2reaction, form block TiB
2, the improvement that promotes iron boron compound form and distribution is had a significant effect, be conducive to improve the mechanical property of Cast Steel Containing Boron.The high-boron cast steel melt first added the titanium elements fixed nitrogen before adding boron, can stabilize and increase the boron recovery rate.In addition, titanium is strong carbon, nitrogen compound forming element, and the carbide of titanium, nitride and carboritride can be separated out as first precipitated phase in process of setting, promotes the refinement of solidified structure, and the segregation that alleviates boron, be conducive to improve intensity and the toughness of cast steel with high chromium.The titanium add-on is too much, causes the compound quantity of titanium to increase, and will thick block TiB occur
2, reduce on the contrary intensity and the toughness of cast steel, consider, titanium content is controlled to 0.2～0.6%.
Ca:Ca and oxygen have very large avidity, the sweetening power of calcium is very strong, be easy to sulphur combination remaining in steel, strip sulfide inclusion in High Boron Steel can be changed into to spherical CaS is mingled with, can be used as the heterogeneous nuclei of eutectic boride, promote formation and the austenite forming core of boride particle, and can significantly reduce the segregation of sulphur at crystal boundary, refinement primary austenite and eutectic austenite.In High Boron Steel, add appropriate calcium can strengthen deoxidizing capacity, calcium has remarkable effect to inclusion in iron and steel solution rotten, when improving the high-boron cast steel casting heat resistanceheat resistant strong be very favourable, can improve intensity and the toughness of high-boron cast steel.Suitable calcium add-on is 0.02～0.15%.
Ce:Ce is easy to oxygen reaction remaining in molten steel, forms Ce0
2, CeO
2heterogeneous nuclei as the austenite crystallization is effective, promotes the austenite forming core, refinement primary austenite and eutectic austenite.While causing eutectic reaction, the growth of boride is suppressed, and promotes the suspension of boride and isolates.In High Boron Steel, add the Trace Cerium element to can be used as crystallization nuclei and carry out crystal grain thinning, be conducive to improve the as cast condition crystal structure, stop boride to be grown up along crystal boundary, purify crystal boundary, remove detrimental impurity, improve the toughness of cast steel.Suitable add-on is 0.03～0.25%.
N:N adds Ti, the B chemical combination in easy in High Boron Steel and steel to generate dystectic TiN and BN, and have very low mismatch between TiN and γ-Te lattice, therefore strong promotion forming core, can become crystallization nuclei, make the as cast metal grain refining, be conducive to the refinement of boride and be uniformly distributed.Add trace nitrogen in steel, improve except forming high melting compound Ti (C, N) outside the intensity and hardness of steel, the solid solution of part nitrogen, in matrix, obviously improves hardening capacity and the hardenability of steel, improves the wear resistance of steel.Add-on is too much, is prone to pore in cast steel, reduces on the contrary the performance of cast steel.Thereby the present invention is controlled at 0.02～0.18% by the add-on of nitrogen.
Nb:Nb is strong carbonitride synthesized element, by add micro-niobium in steel, can in steel, form NbC, NbN and Nb (CN) that stability is very high, the fusing point of NbC is 3513 ℃, its stability in carbide forming element inferior to TaC, can " pinning "
crystal boundary, stop grain growth, the effect of crystal grain thinning is arranged.Because NbC is the MC type, its hardness is up to 2000HV, thereby can increase the wear resistance of steel.In steel, add niobium can suppress recrystallization process, improve the recrystallization temperature of material, postpone the recovery and recrystallization temperature, the grain size number that the carbonitride of niobium can the effective restraint steel is grown up.In addition, in steel, add niobium to be to supplement precipitation strength, without abnormal Phenomena of Grain Growth, can improve heat resistance and high tenacity, and fatigue performance significantly improves.Nb has strong inoculation(effect), can promote nodularization, promotes ball light body to form, the refinement white structure, thereby can improve intensity and the hardness of steel.Niobium has higher strengthening effect in steel, its strengthening effect is silicon 35～78 times, 41～87 times of manganese, 50～117 times of chromium, 87～175 times of nickel, can replace the vanadium of 2 times or the titanium of 3 times.The precipitating reinforcing effect of the Nb of niobium (CN) is directly proportional to 1/3 power of Nb content.Because niobium belongs to precious alloy, price is high, and add-on senior general increases cost.So, as trace alloying element, in steel, content of niobium generally is not more than 0.3%.Consider, the content of niobium is controlled to 0.05～0.3%.
Al:Al is a kind of active element, adds the aluminium A that at high temperature aluminium element forms in the high boron, high chrome steel
120
3the oxide film densification is firm, does not have volatility, with Cr
20
3oxide film is combined closely, and can improve high-temperature oxidation resistant and the polishing machine of boron-containing alloy, in addition, aluminium is non-carbide forming element, be dissolved in boron-containing alloy, can improve temper resistance, room temperature hardness and the hot hardness of High Boron Steel, favourable to the high temperature abrasion resistance that improves High Boron Steel.Aluminium can improve red hardness and the high temperature tensile strength of boron-containing alloy.Aluminium mainly is present in matrix in boron-containing alloy, during eutectic reaction, it is enriched in the forward position of carbide, cause constitutional supercooling, stop the carbide tip growth, make its edge passivation, aluminium can not only refinement product grain reduces the superheated susceptivity of steel, is conducive to improve form and the distribution that becomes carbide, increase the dispersity of carbide, improve mechanical property and the wear resistance of cast steel with high chromium.
Ce: while in steel, adding Ce, Al is easy to the Ce oxidizing reaction, generates CeAl0
3, can promote the austenite forming core, refinement primary austenite and eutectic austenite, while causing eutectic reaction, the growth of boride is suppressed, and promotes the suspension of boride and isolates.
Mg:Mg is surface active element, with sulphur, oxygen, great avidity is arranged, violent metallurgical reaction can occur, there is good deoxidation, desulfurization, cleaning molten steel and improve the effect of inclusion morphology, in steel, add appropriate magnesium to create the thermodynamics and kinetics condition for forming tiny equally distributed compound nodule, molten steel, when solidifying, at first forms MgO, and it can be used as MgS, MnS and other core be mingled with after coagulation.Because MgO disperses especially in molten steel, so magnesium can change type, quantity, size, form and the distribution of steel inclusion, can obviously improve the toughness of steel.Appropriate magnesium can also make Al in cast steel
2o
3it is tiny that inclusion becomes, the MgO that while is little, rounded by size and the duplex impurity of MgO replace, life size is large, the MgS inclusion of strip is replaced by the duplex impurity of little, the subglobose MgO of size and MgO and MgS, MgO complex inclusion, thereby improved the ability of inclusion and matrix opposing Crack initiation and propagation, improved the toughness of cast steel.After adding magnesium in steel, molten steel optionally is adsorbed on the surface of eutectic boride preferential growth direction when eutectic crystallization, form adsorbent thin film, hinder the atoms such as B, Fe in molten steel, the Cr eutectic boride crystal of growing into, reduced the coarsening rate of eutectic boride preferential direction, cause preferential direction to be grown up and slow down, and other direction coarsening rates increase, impel the eutectic boride to be changed to suspension shape, lumps by netted.The magnesium add-on too much not only causes the waste of magnesium, and, because reaction is too violent, MgS, the MgO etc. that make to float to the molten steel surface is mingled with and again is involved in molten steel, and the high-boron cast steel performance is produced to adverse influence.Therefore, the present invention is controlled at 0.02～0.15% by magnesium content.
K; K can obviously reduce primary crystal Tc and the eutectic crystallization temperature of high-boron cast steel, contributes to molten steel excessively cold at liquidus line and eutectic area, and nucleation rate is increased greatly.Therefore, potassium makes the primary crystal structure refinement, and the trend that while causing eutectic reaction, residual molten steel is spaced mutually strengthens, and then causes the refinement of eutectic structure, contributes to the tiny of boride, makes netted boride the connecting portion of many weaknesses occur.At the weak part of eutectic boride, during high-temperature heat treatment, be easy to disconnect even isolation, cause the obvious raising of Cast Steel Containing Boron toughness.The potassium add-on is too much, will make steel inclusion quantity increase, and reduces on the contrary intensity and the toughness of steel.Thereby, considering, the present invention is controlled at 0.04～0.13% by potassium content.
S and P: p and s is all harmful elements, is the inevitable trace impurity of bringing in raw material, in order to guarantee intensity, toughness and the wear resistance of high chromium high-boron wear-resistant alloy steel, sulphur is controlled to S<0.03%, phosphorus is controlled at<0.04%.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention is owing to adopting cheap boron to replace the alloys such as expensive nickel, molybdenum, and production cost is low, and comparable rich chromium cast iron reduces production costs 30～50%.
2, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention is because carbon content in matrix is extremely low, thereby has higher cold & heat fatigue resisting, anti-fracture toughness property and thermal shock resistance, can meet the requirement of hotwork operating mode to moulding stock.
3, of the present invention have the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and, owing to containing a large amount of high rigidity borides, except improving hardening capacity, can significantly improve wear resisting property, and comparable high-chromium white cast iron improves 30～50%.
4, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention, owing to containing a large amount of chromium, has good antioxidant property, corrosion resistance nature.
5, High Boron Steel of the present invention is due to the AL element that has added certain content, greatly increased the high-temperature oxidation resistance of ferrous alloy, and can improve temper resistance, room temperature hardness and the hot hardness of High Boron Steel, there is higher hardness and toughness, and there is higher red hardness and high temperature tensile strength.Favourable to the high temperature abrasion resistance that improves rapid tool steel.
6, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention can adopt common electrosmelting, raw material choose ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, copper coin, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferro-boron direct production, pour method composite inoculating inoculation in employing ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, cerium base magnesium-rare earth and nitrogenous substances and basic metal potassium are wrapped.Boride in alloy after rotten the processing is isolated spherical being evenly distributed on the martensitic matrix that obdurability is good of group, and impelling strength is significantly improved, and impelling strength ak reaches 10～12J/cm
2, than improving approximately 30% before rotten the processing, production technique is easy.
7, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention has good mobility and is cast as performance, can adopt ordinary sand casting, lost foam casting, dewax precision casting, permanent mold casting and the method moulding such as resin bonded sand mould casting, centrifugal composite casting, foundry goods is difficult for being stained with sand, dead head is easy to cleaning, can directly be cast as the product of different shape.
8, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention can be annealed under 700～750 ℃, alloy rigidity is reduced to below 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout; Can under the temperature in 920～1150 ℃ of scopes, heat-treat, make it harden to form austenite, then adopt the air cooling sclerosis, in order to form martensitic stucture in alloy substrate, the material after thermal treatment can also be carried out to temper at 150～200 ℃, make the hardness after alloy hardens reach HRC50～65, the changes in hardness scope is large, can meet the service requirements of different operating modes, thermal treatment process is simple, with low cost.
9, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome through hardening excellent performance with good red hardness of the present invention.Even the style heart section of diameter phi 400mm also can be transformed into martensite under the stove cool condition.
10, but the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention has good weldability gas cutting performance.
11, the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness of the present invention is applied widely, can the widespread use automobile, the required hot-work die such as the pressure die casting in the industrial production such as motorcycle, agricultural machinery and machinofacture, extrusion casting, gravitational casting, forging molding; Be applied to the fields such as metallurgical roller, glass-forming die, slush pump pump case and impeller, welded tube extrusion roll, copper finish forge mould, hot upsetting mould and copper die casting, aluminium die casting, refractory brick forming die, grinder hammerhead, grinding roller, ball grinding machine lining board.High temperature resistant property is good, under worst hot case, uses not softening.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese after melting clearly, control carbon content and reach requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1600 ℃, add silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, then sequentially add ferrotianium, ferro-boron and metallic aluminium fusing;
(2), when ferrotianium and ferro-boron all after fusing, particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, Si will be less than
3n
4, the composite inoculating nucleating agent that forms of Nb and K wraps with sheet iron, is placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature baking of 160～200 ℃, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) molten steel that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation pours into foundry goods, 1400～1430 ℃ of melt cast temperature in sand mold;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, insulation is carried out subcritical annealing in 4 hours, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
(5) after casting finish, or foundry goods is after mechanical workout, foundry goods or workpiece are heat-treated 980 ℃ of insulations in 4 hours, make it harden to form austenite, then carry out air cooling to room temperature, can obtain obdurability and wear resistance and there is preferably wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof.Chemical composition is in Table 1, and the mechanical property of cast steel is in Table 2.
Table 1 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof chemical composition (weight percent)
Table 2 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof mechanical property
| Hardness, HRC | Tensile strength, MPa | Impelling strength, J/cm 2 | Fracture toughness property/MPam 1/2 |
| 50.9 | 674.8 | 13.9 | 35.7 |
Embodiment 2
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese after melting clearly, control carbon content and reach requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1600 ℃, add silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, then sequentially add ferrotianium and ferro-boron fusing;
(2), when ferrotianium and ferro-boron all after fusing, particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, Si will be less than
3n
4, the composite inoculating nucleating agent that forms of Nb and K wraps with sheet iron, is placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature baking of 160～200 ℃, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) molten steel that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation pours into foundry goods, 1420～1450 ℃ of melt cast temperature in metal mold;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, insulation is carried out subcritical annealing in 5 hours, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
(5) after casting finish, or foundry goods is after mechanical workout, foundry goods or workpiece are heat-treated 1000 ℃ of insulations in 4 hours, make it harden to form austenite, then carry out air cooling to room temperature, can obtain obdurability and wear resistance and there is preferably wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof.Chemical composition is in Table 3, and the mechanical property of cast steel is in Table 4.
Table 3 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof chemical composition (weight percent)
Table 2 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof mechanical property
| Hardness, HRC | Tensile strength, MPa | Impelling strength, J/cm 2 | Fracture toughness property/MPam 1/2 |
| 55.7 | 681.3 | 12.5 | 32.6 |
Embodiment 3
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese after melting clearly, control carbon content and reach requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1600 ℃, add silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, then sequentially add ferrotianium and ferro-boron fusing;
(2), when ferrotianium and ferro-boron all after fusing, particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, Si will be less than
3n
4, the composite inoculating nucleating agent that forms of Nb and K wraps with sheet iron, is placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature baking of 160～200 ℃, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) it is wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome that the molten steel that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation adopts the centrifugal composite casting method to pour into outer on whizzer, the metallurgical roller that internal layer is cast iron, cast alloy iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron or low alloy steel or other double metallic composite material, 1400～450 ℃ of melt cast temperature;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, subcritical annealing is carried out in insulation in 6 hours, substrate degradation is become to the mixture of ferrite and carbide, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
(5) after casting finish, or foundry goods is after mechanical workout, foundry goods or workpiece are heat-treated 1050 ℃ of insulations in 4 hours, make it harden to form austenite, then carry out air cooling to room temperature, can obtain obdurability and wear resistance outer preferably is wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness and preparation method thereof double metallic composite material.Chemical composition is in Table 5, and the mechanical property of cast steel is in Table 6.
Table 5 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof chemical composition (weight percent)
Table 6 has the wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof mechanical property
| Hardness, HRC | Tensile strength, MPa | Impelling strength, J/cm 2 | Fracture toughness property/MPam 1/2 |
| 51.5 | 685.6 | 11.7 | 29.4 |
Embodiment 4
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel after melting clearly, control carbon content and reach requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1620 ℃, add silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation, then sequentially add ferrotianium and ferro-boron fusing;
(2) after ferrotianium and the whole fusings of ferro-boron, by being less than the composite inoculating nucleating agent that particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, VN, Nb and K form, with sheet iron, wrap, be placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature of 160～200 ℃ baking, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) it is outer for having wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof that the molten steel that will cross through the inoculation that goes bad in bag adopts the centrifugal composite casting method to pour on whizzer, the double metallic composite material that internal layer is cast iron, cast alloy iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron or low alloy steel, 1400～1450 ℃ of melt cast temperature;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, subcritical annealing is carried out in insulation in 6 hours, substrate degradation is become to the mixture of ferrite and carbide, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
Get metallurgical roller that wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome that the present invention has good red hardness and preparation method thereof makes for rolling concrete steel bar, angle steel, improve work-ing life one times or more than bainite ductile iron roll its work-ing life; Adopt the mould for glass bottle that wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of the present invention is made to improve and improve 4-6 work-ing life doubly than the mould that adopts common nickel-boron alloy to make; The cast aluminium that wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome that adopts the present invention to have good red hardness and preparation method thereof is made and wear-resisting, the heat-resisting workpiece such as brake facing of casting magnesium die and automobile, the high 0.5-1 of material that all used at present its work-ing life doubly.Material of the present invention is applied has significant economic and social benefit.
Claims (2)
1. one kind has wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome of good red hardness and preparation method thereof, chemical composition and the weight percent thereof of the steel alloy under it is characterized in that are 0.10～0.5%C, 12～26%Cr, 0.5～1.2%Si, 0.5～1.5%Mn, 2.5～3.6%B, 0.7-2.4%Cu, Al3.2%～3.9%, 0.8-1.6%Ti, 0.02-0.15%Ca, 0.03-0.25%Ce, 0.02-0.18%N, 0.05～0.3%Nb, 0.12～0.25%Mg, 0.04-0.13%K, 0.05-0.12Ca, 0.06-0.15Ba, S<0.03%, P<0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome with good red hardness according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, comprises following processing step:
(1) steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, molten steel adds copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese after melting clearly, controls carbon content and reaches requirement, after the stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560～1620 ℃, adds silicocalcium to carry out pre-deoxidation, add the aluminium final deoxygenation; Then sequentially add ferrotianium, ferro-boron and metallic aluminium fusing;
(2), when ferrotianium and ferro-boron all after fusing, particulate state magnesium-rare earth below 12mm and metallic cerium, Si will be less than
3n
4, the composite inoculating nucleating agent that forms of Nb and K wraps with sheet iron, is placed on the bottom of ladle after the temperature baking of 160～200 ℃, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel of the having smelted inoculation that goes bad;
(3) molten steel that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation pours into foundry goods in sand mold or metal mold, or on whizzer, adopt the centrifugal composite casting method to pour into skin for wear-resisting alloy steel with high boron, high chrome, the double metallic composite material that internal layer is cast iron, cast alloy iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron or low alloy steel, the melt cast temperature is 1400～1450 ℃;
(4), after casting finish, at 700～750 ℃ of temperature, subcritical annealing is carried out in insulation in 4-6 hour, substrate degradation is become to the mixture of ferrite and carbide, makes its lower hardness to 30～35HRC, so that carry out mechanical workout;
(5) foundry goods or the workpiece after processing are heat-treated 920～1150 ℃ of insulations in 2-4 hour, make it harden to form austenite, then carry out air cooling to room temperature, in order to form martensitic microstructure in alloy substrate, the hardness of the material after this thermal treatment process is processed can reach HRC50～65, if necessary, the material after thermal treatment can be carried out to temper at 150～200 ℃, tempering insulation time 2-4 hour, with the stove air cooling to room temperature.
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| CN105838982A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | Rare-earth oxide cast-infiltrated crusher wear-resistant hammer for complex ores and production method thereof |
| CN111527222B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-10-19 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Clad steel plate |
| CN111527222A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-08-11 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Clad steel plate |
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