CN103627971B - Large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel and smelting process thereof - Google Patents
Large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel and smelting process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, it is characterized in that, chemical composition is C:0.23-0.26%, Si:1.30-1.65%, Mn:1.10-1.40%, Cr:0.40-0.60%, Ni:1.70-1.90%, Mo:0.50-0.70%, V:0.15-0.25%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.015%, Cu≤0.20%, Fe surplus by percentage to the quality; The mechanical property of structural alloy steel is as follows: Rm >=1600MPa, Rel >=1300MPa, A >=11.5%, Z >=45%, AKU2 >=85J.Usefulness of the present invention is: by the design of new chemical composition, provide a kind of new structural alloy steel more more superior than mechanical properties such as existing high-quality drilling tool steel FF710,23CrNi3MoA, XGQ25, its Rm >=1600Mpa, Rel >=1300MPa, A >=11.5%, Z >=45%, AKU2 >=85J, under air quenching, there is good hardening capacity and hardenability, the service requirements of large gauge drilling tool (φ 550mm) product can be met completely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel and smelting process thereof, be specifically related to a kind of large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel and smelting process thereof, belong to metal material field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous prosperity of national economy, drive the foundation of national economy construction such as domestic mine excavation, urban construction, harbour, highway, railway comprehensively fast-developing, the drilling tool industry of the what is called that matches with it " tooth of industry " also obtains great development.
At present, drilling tool manufacture view, domestic usual employing be Swedish method Gus tower company produce drilling tool manufactured materials FF710 and hophornbeam agree company use 23CrNi3MoA steel and Xining special steel produce XGQ25, table 1, table 2 are the chemical composition of these steel and the contrast situation of mechanical property.
Table 1 chemical composition contrast table (unit: Wt%)
Table 2 mechanical property contrast table
FF710 is relatively applicable to the manufacture of small dimension drilling tool;
Although 23CrNi3MoA steel is applicable to manufacture large gauge drilling tool, the intensity of steel, toughness, hardening capacity and hardenability and all lower after air quenching, and alloy content high cost is higher;
XGQ25 compares and is applicable to manufacture large gauge drilling tool, and after air quenching, comparatively the above two are better for the intensity of steel, and hardening capacity and hardenability aspect also slightly well, still have gap with large gauge drilling tool demand on the whole in intensity, impelling strength.
Along with the development of drilling tool industry, the requirement of renewal is proposed to the manufacture of large gauge, high-quality drilling tool, drilling tool product specification continues to increase, the interior quality of material: the aspect such as intensity, toughness, processing characteristics, energy-conserving and environment-protective proposes new requirement, and original material is without meeting this new change and new demand.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the structural alloy steel that a kind of tensile strength is higher, have good hardening capacity and hardenability under air quenching, can meet the service requirements of large gauge drilling tool product completely, and the smelting process of this structural alloy steel.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, it is characterized in that, chemical composition is by percentage to the quality:
Aforesaid large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, it is characterized in that, the mechanical property of structural alloy steel is as follows:
A smelting process for large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
One, electric furnace redox:
(1) last terminal component requirements is oxidized: C >=0.06%, P≤0.010%; Steel per ton adds ferromanganese 2.5-3.5kg, does manganese boiling; Slagging-off temperature is greater than 1630 DEG C, takes off the quantity of slag >=95%;
(2) quantity of slag 12-15Kg/t steel, lime 9kg-12Kg/t steel, fluorite 1.5kg-3.0Kg/t steel, aluminium presses 2kg-2.5Kg fine aluminium/t steel, is pressed into that LF component requirements adds ferrochrome, ferrosilicon or silicomanganese, molybdenum-iron, nickel plate alloy carry out alloying;
(3) first recovery time 10-25min;
(4) composition is suitable, temperature >=1630 DEG C tapping;
Two, refining:
(1) enter LF molten steel temperature >=1540 DEG C, logical argon gas, to electrically heated >=10min;
(2) diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is added according to kind component requirements;
(3) refining slag target component: CaO:50%-55%, SiO
2: 10%-15%, MgO:3%-6%, Al
2o
3: 15%-20%, aluminium 0.040%-0.050%;
(4) composition meets the requirements, and temperature 1650 DEG C-1660 DEG C, enters VD station, vapor pressure 0.85-1.2Mpa;
(5) vacuumize, vacuum breaker after maintenance >=15min under vacuum tightness 0.5 torr;
(6) after vacuum breaker, weak argon stirring is carried out, top of the slag fluctuation 50-100mm, time >=15min, bull ladle temperature: 1555 DEG C-1565 DEG C;
Three, cast:
Pouring temperature: 1550 DEG C ± 5 DEG C;
Four, esr:
Electroslag remelting slag adopts quaternary slag, evenly adds reductor aluminium powder in batches;
Five, ingot annealing:
First heat up and be incubated, be incubated 6h when being heated to 690 ± 10 DEG C, last stove is chilled to 550 DEG C and comes out of the stove.
The smelting process of aforesaid large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, is characterized in that, in step 2, the addition of diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is 0.8kg-2.0kg/t steel.
The smelting process of aforesaid large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, is characterized in that, in step 2, adjust in vacuum to argon pressure: argon pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa during black vacuum, argon pressure 0.25-0.45Mpa during the vacuum of pole.
The smelting process of aforesaid large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, is characterized in that, in step 5, and heat-up rate≤100 DEG C/h.
Usefulness of the present invention is: by the design of new chemical composition, provide a kind of new structural alloy steel more more superior than mechanical properties such as existing high-quality drilling tool steel FF710,23CrNi3MoA, XGQ25, its Rm >=1600Mpa, Rel >=1300MPa, A >=11.5%, Z >=45%, AKU2 >=85J, under air quenching, there is good hardening capacity and hardenability, the service requirements of large gauge drilling tool (φ 550mm) product can be met completely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
One, prepare burden
Furnace charge is returned by our factory, this steel grade returns, the pig iron forms; Mixed carbon comtent requires 1.2-1.5%.
Two, electric furnace oxidation
According to the adjustment of slag condition lime, fluorite, light dolomite consumption, slag charge overall control 40-50Kg/t.
Temperature >=1580 DEG C after fine melt, start oxidation; Oxygen blast pressure-controlling is at 0.5-0.7MPa; Decarburized amount >=0.40%, process adds iron ore in batches, and overall control is at 7-10Kg/t.
Be oxidized last terminal composition and content: meet the requirement of C >=0.06%, meet the requirement of P≤0.010%; Steel per ton adds ferromanganese 2.5-3.5kg, does manganese boiling; Slagging-off temperature is greater than 1630 DEG C (idols), takes off the quantity of slag >=95%.
Three, electric furnace just reduces
Quantity of slag 12-15Kg/t steel, lime 9kg-12Kg/t steel, fluorite 1.5kg-3.0Kg/t steel, aluminium (steel shot aluminum or ferro-aluminum) is by 2kg-2.5Kg fine aluminium/t steel, be pressed into that LF component requirements adds ferrochrome, ferrosilicon or silicomanganese, molybdenum-iron, nickel plate alloy carry out alloying, and sampling analysis.
Electric furnace steel tapping specifies: composition is suitable, temperature >=1630 DEG C tapping; Tap 1/3 time add steel shot aluminum or ferro-aluminum by 1.0Kg fine aluminium/t steel.
Tap: furnace shell early stage (within 40 fiery times) 27 ± 2 tons; The furnace shell middle and later periods: (more than 40 fiery times) 30 ± 2 tons.
Electric furnace steel tapping time 180s-300s.
Get large ladle analysis composition.
Four, refining
Enter LF molten steel temperature >=1540 DEG C, logical argon gas (pressure-controlling is at 0.2-0.4MPa), to electrically heated >=10min.Diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is added according to kind component requirements; Addition is that steel per ton adds 0.8kg-2.0kg.
Refining slag target component: CaO:50%-55%, SiO
2: 10%-15%, MgO:3%-6%, Al
2o
3: 15%-20%.
According to the analytical results of large ladle sample, by internal control composition requirement adjusting component, aluminium component is adjusted to 0.040%-0.050% (electrode billet Al is adjusted to 0.055%-0.065%).
Heat temperature raising, sampling analysis composition, according to composition result, by internal control composition requirement fine setting composition; Composition meets the requirements, and temperature 1650 DEG C-1660 DEG C, enter VD station, Steam pressure control is at 0.85-1.2Mpa.
Vacuumize, vacuum breaker after maintenance >=15min under vacuum tightness 0.5 torr, adjust argon pressure in vacuum: during black vacuum, argon pressure controls at 0.2-0.3Mpa, during the vacuum of pole, argon pressure controls at 0.25-0.45Mpa.
After vacuum breaker, carry out weak argon stirring according to temperature conditions, top of the slag fluctuation 50-100mm, time >=15min.Bull ladle temperature: 1555 DEG C-1565 DEG C.
Five, cast
Pouring temperature: 1550 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, ingot body time of different ingot shape, the cap mouth time, different with mould cooling time, hole cool time and annealing way, concrete processing parameter is see table 3.
Table 3 casting process parameter list
Six, esr
Check and accept cleaning: every stove electrode blank does full composition and reviews analysis, and result meets the requirement of corresponding electric furnace internal control composition; Electrode billet is cleared up, and quality meets Q/XGBC03-2007 requirement.
Slag system: electroslag remelting slag adopts quaternary slag.
Process control: according to electrode billet composition and finished product requirement, determine the consumption of reductor (aluminium powder), reductor evenly adds in batches; Strict ingot shape of pressing controls molten speed, electric power system and coolant water temperature (45 ± 5 DEG C).
Feeding: control the steel ingot feeding time by ingot shape, prevents shrinkage cavity from crossing condition with deep feeling.
Different ingot shapes, the quantity of slag of its correspondence, electric power system (normally smelting), the ingot method of double differences, de-ingot time and annealing way tool are different, specifically in table 4.
Table 4 esr parameter list
Steel ingot is through clearage with grinding wheel, and surface quality meets Q/XGBC02-2007 requirement; Thief hole carries out obvious mark.
Seven, ingot annealing
First heat up and be incubated, heat-up rate≤100 DEG C/h, insulation 6h when being heated to 690 ± 10 DEG C, last stove is chilled to 550 DEG C and comes out of the stove.
Eight, product performance measure, in table 5.
Table 5 mechanical property
Embodiment 2
One, prepare burden
Furnace charge is by CrNiMo(CrNi2Mo, CrMo, CrNi) return, steel per ton adds spent cathodes block 2.5kg-3.5kg.Iron alloy through baking, the dehydrogenation of nickel plate.
Two, electric furnace oxidation
According to the adjustment of slag condition lime, fluorite, light dolomite consumption, slag charge overall control 30-40Kg/t.
Temperature >=1580 DEG C after fine melt, start oxidation; Oxygen blast pressure-controlling is at 0.5-0.7MPa; Decarburized amount >=0.20%.
Be oxidized last terminal composition and content: meet the requirement of C >=0.06%, meet the requirement of P≤0.010%; Steel per ton adds ferromanganese 2.5kg-3.5kg, does manganese boiling; Slagging-off temperature is greater than 1630 DEG C (idols), takes off the quantity of slag >=95%.
Three, electric furnace just reduces
Quantity of slag 12-15Kg/t steel, lime 9kg-12Kg/t steel, fluorite 1.5kg-3.0Kg/t steel, aluminium (steel shot aluminum or ferro-aluminum) is by 2kg-2.5Kg fine aluminium/t steel, be pressed into that LF component requirements adds ferrochrome, ferrosilicon or silicomanganese, molybdenum-iron, nickel plate alloy carry out alloying, and sampling analysis.
Electric furnace steel tapping specifies: composition is suitable, temperature >=1630 DEG C tapping; Tap 1/3 time add steel shot aluminum or ferro-aluminum by 1.0Kg fine aluminium/t steel.
Tap: furnace shell early stage (within 40 fiery times) 27 ± 2 tons; The furnace shell middle and later periods: (more than 40 fiery times) 30 ± 2 tons.
Electric furnace steel tapping time 180s-300s.
Get large ladle analysis composition.
Four, refining
Enter LF molten steel temperature >=1540 DEG C, logical argon gas (pressure-controlling is at 0.2-0.4MPa), to electrically heated >=10min.Diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is added according to kind component requirements; Addition is that steel per ton adds 0.8kg-2.0kg.
Refining slag target component: CaO:50%-55%, SiO
2: 10%-15%, MgO:3%-6%, Al
2o
3: 15%-20%.
According to the analytical results of large ladle sample, by internal control composition requirement adjusting component, aluminium component is adjusted to 0.040%-0.050% (electrode billet Al is adjusted to 0.055%-0.065%).
Heat temperature raising, sampling analysis composition, according to composition result, by internal control composition requirement fine setting composition; Composition meets the requirements, and temperature 1650 DEG C-1660 DEG C, enters VD station, vapor pressure 0.85-1.2Mpa.
Vacuumize, vacuum breaker after maintenance >=15min under vacuum tightness 0.5 torr, adjust argon pressure in vacuum: during black vacuum, argon pressure controls at 0.2-0.3Mpa, during the vacuum of pole, argon pressure controls at 0.25-0.45Mpa.
After vacuum breaker, carry out weak argon stirring according to temperature conditions, top of the slag fluctuation 50-100mm, time >=15min.Bull ladle temperature: 1555 DEG C-1565 DEG C.
Five, cast
Pouring temperature: 1550 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, ingot body time of different ingot shape, the cap mouth time, different with mould cooling time, hole cool time and annealing way, concrete processing parameter is see table 6.
Table 6 casting process parameter list
Six, esr
Check and accept cleaning: every stove electrode blank does full composition and reviews analysis, and result meets the requirement of corresponding electric furnace internal control composition; Electrode billet is cleared up, and quality meets Q/XGBC03-2007 requirement.
Slag system: electroslag remelting slag adopts quaternary slag.
Process control: according to electrode billet composition and finished product requirement, determine the consumption of reductor (aluminium powder), reductor evenly adds in batches; Strict ingot shape of pressing controls molten speed, electric power system and coolant water temperature (45 ± 5 DEG C).
Feeding: control the steel ingot feeding time by ingot shape, prevents shrinkage cavity from crossing condition with deep feeling.
Different ingot shapes, the quantity of slag of its correspondence, electric power system (normally smelting), the ingot method of double differences, de-ingot time and annealing way tool are different, specifically in table 7.
Table 7 esr parameter list
Steel ingot is through clearage with grinding wheel, and surface quality meets Q/XGBC02-2007 requirement; Thief hole carries out obvious mark.
Seven, ingot annealing
First heat up and be incubated, heat-up rate≤100 DEG C/h, insulation 6h when being heated to 690 ± 10 DEG C, last stove is chilled to 550 DEG C and comes out of the stove.
Eight, product performance measure, in table 8.
Table 8 mechanical property
As can be seen here, large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel of the present invention is more more superior than mechanical properties such as existing high-quality drilling tool steel FF710,23CrNi3MoA, XGQ25, its Rm >=1600Mpa, Rel >=1300MPa, A >=11.5%, Z >=45%, AKU2 >=85J, under air quenching, there is good hardening capacity and hardenability, the service requirements of large gauge drilling tool (φ 550mm) product can be met completely.
To sum up aforementioned, the good affinity that structural alloy steel of the present invention has good welding property, the coefficient of expansion close with Wimet and discloses copper base or money base, there is good processing characteristics, after thermal treatment air quenching and low-temperaturetempering, there is good intensity, be applicable to manufacturing large gauge high-quality drilling tool, the simple environmental protection and energy saving of thermal treatment process with coordinating of plasticity toughness.
Adopt the large gauge drilling tool that structural alloy steel of the present invention is produced, suitably can heat-treat after carburizing treatment, thus can realize large gauge drilling tool top layer, zone of transition and matrix organize transition, ensure the use properties of large gauge drilling tool, and effectively can extend the work-ing life of finished product drilling tool.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the mode that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel, is characterized in that, chemical composition is by percentage to the quality:
2. large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mechanical property of structural alloy steel is as follows:
3. smelt the method for the large gauge drilling tool structural alloy steel described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
One, electric furnace redox:
(1) last terminal component requirements is oxidized: C >=0.06%, P≤0.010%; Steel per ton adds ferromanganese 2.5-3.5kg, does manganese boiling; Slagging-off temperature is greater than 1630 DEG C, takes off the quantity of slag >=95%;
(2) quantity of slag 12-15Kg/t steel, lime 9kg-12Kg/t steel, fluorite 1.5kg-3.0Kg/t steel, aluminium presses 2kg-2.5Kg fine aluminium/t steel, is pressed into that LF component requirements adds ferrochrome, ferrosilicon or silicomanganese, molybdenum-iron, nickel plate alloy carry out alloying;
(3) first recovery time 10-25min;
(4) composition is suitable, temperature >=1630 DEG C tapping;
Two, refining:
(1) enter LF molten steel temperature >=1540 DEG C, logical argon gas, to electrically heated >=10min;
(2) diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is added according to kind component requirements;
(3) refining slag target component: CaO:50%-55%, SiO
2: 10%-15%, MgO:3%-6%, Al
2o
3: 15%-20%, aluminium 0.040%-0.050%;
(4) composition meets the requirements, and temperature 1650 DEG C-1660 DEG C, enters VD station, vapor pressure 0.85-1.2Mpa;
(5) vacuumize, vacuum breaker after maintenance >=15min under vacuum tightness 0.5 torr;
(6) after vacuum breaker, weak argon stirring is carried out, top of the slag fluctuation 50-100mm, time >=15min, bull ladle temperature: 1555 DEG C-1565 DEG C;
Three, cast:
Pouring temperature: 1550 DEG C ± 5 DEG C;
Four, esr:
Electroslag remelting slag adopts quaternary slag, evenly adds reductor aluminium powder in batches;
Five, ingot annealing:
First heat up and be incubated, be incubated 6h when being heated to 690 ± 10 DEG C, last stove is chilled to 550 DEG C and comes out of the stove.
4. smelting process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 2, the addition of diffusion deoxidizer SiC powder is 0.8kg-2.0kg/t steel.
5. smelting process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 2, adjusts in vacuum to argon pressure: argon pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa during black vacuum, argon pressure 0.25-0.45Mpa during the vacuum of pole.
6. smelting process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 5, and heat-up rate≤100 DEG C/h.
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| CN104264042A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-07 | 衡阳华菱钢管有限公司 | Method for smelting cryogenic 9 Ni steel by electric furnace oxidation |
| CN104975217A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Production method of steel 42CrMo4+HH used for fuel gas electric generator connecting rods |
| CN105714125A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-06-29 | 西峡龙成冶金材料有限公司 | Electroslag remelting slag and production technology thereof |
| CN107099767B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-05-17 | 长沙天和钻具机械有限公司 | A kind of explosion drill bit heat treatment process |
| CN107974629A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-01 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | A kind of drilling tool steel, its preparation method and drilling tool |
| CN108546880A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-18 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Steel BG22SiMnNi2CrMoA and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852881B (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-12-01 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Steel for 45CrNiMoVA drill tool and production method thereof |
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| DE1950004A1 (en) * | 1969-10-03 | 1971-04-22 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Process to achieve components with high fatigue strength |
| CN1410581A (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-16 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Steel for mechanical structure and mfg. method thereof |
| CN101082101A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Chromic-nickel-free high-strength high ductility structural steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP2007023310A (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-02-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Steel for machine structural use |
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| DE1950004A1 (en) * | 1969-10-03 | 1971-04-22 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Process to achieve components with high fatigue strength |
| CN1410581A (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-16 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Steel for mechanical structure and mfg. method thereof |
| CN101082101A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Chromic-nickel-free high-strength high ductility structural steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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