CN105039648B - Method for smelting low-carbon and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace - Google Patents
Method for smelting low-carbon and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for smelting low-carbon and high-manganese-content molten steel through an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace includes the step of placing liquid metal raw materials, manganese iron, solid metal materials, slag making materials, carburant, lime and/or dolomite in the argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, the step of conducting decarburization, the step of conducting reduction, the step of conducting desulfuration and the step of adjusting constituents and temperature, wherein in the step of conducting decarburization, in the decarburization period, the carbon content in blowing molten steel is larger than or equal to 1.2% , and the temperature of the molten steel is higher than or equal to 1450 DEG C; in the first stage of the decarburization period, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 2:1, and decarburization is conducted until the carbon content is 0.2-0.3%; in the second stage of the decarburization period, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 1:3, and decarburization is conducted until the carbon content is 0.06-0.1%; in the third stage, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 1:6, and decarburization is conducted until the carbon content is 0.01-0.04%; then the oxygen blowing decarburization is stopped, and argon is blown; the molten steel is discharged when the carbon content is smaller than 0.06% and the manganese content is 15-30%. The production cost is low, the efficiency is high, and mass production is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, more particularly to a kind of smelting process of steel, specifically one kind aod
The method of stove smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel.
Background technology
Automotive light weight technology is to reduce motor vehicle exhaust emission, reduce oil consumption, realizes the target of production environment friendly automobile
Major measure.Twin crystal inducing plasticity (TWIP) steel has the good fit of intensity and plasticity, is the various automobiles having pointed out at present
With the new steel grade for being best suitable for being used as automobile steel in steel scheme.
For the various TWIP steel bodies systems of countries in the world research, the manganese Fe-Mn- high containing manganese 18%~33% is all concentrated on
C matrix system, adds the elements such as different amounts of Al, Si, Ni, V, Mo, Cu, Ti, Nb, Cr on this basis.Wherein C≤0.06%,
The low-carbon high-manganese steel of 20%~30%Mn, 2.0%~3.0%Si, 2.5%~3.5Al is a kind of TWIP steel the most typical.
Due to containing substantial amounts of manganese in TWIP steel, manganese has the spy more much bigger than the affinity of iron and oxygen with the affinity of oxygen
Point, it is one of them highly important technical barrier that alloying how is carried out at low cost.
Patent document CN102312158A discloses a kind of Nb, Ti alloying Low-carbon High Strength high-ductility TWIP steel and preparation
Method, melting is carried out using induction furnace.Patent document CN102690938A discloses a kind of low-carbon (LC) Fe-Mn-Al-Si systems TWIP steel
Scale up test method, using induction furnace and electroslag refining furnace double melting TWIP steel.Patent document CN1743489A discloses one
High-manganese steel smelting process and high manganese steel casting are planted, 10%~14%Mn, the Gao Meng of 1%~1.4%C are contained using induction furnace melting
Steel.Patent document CN102286704A discloses a kind of Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-manganese steel and preparation method thereof, there is provided containing 12%~
The casting of the antiwear high manganese steel of 14%Mn, 1.2%~1.3%C, Technology for Heating Processing, without offer smelting process.Patent document
CN103484777A discloses a kind of austenitic manganese steel and preparation method thereof, and 16%~19%Mn is contained using induction furnace melting,
The potassium steel of 0.9%~1.5%C.These methods are not suitable for large-scale production, it is impossible to meet automobile industry to the steel grade
Demand.Patent document CN101191180A discloses a kind of containing 10.5%~20.0%Mn, the superelevation of 1.0%~1.5%C
Energy antiwear high manganese steel and its production method, only provide the alloying technology of the element beyond demanganization.Patent document
CN101191180A discloses a kind of containing 23.5%~24.4%Mn, the Automotive high manganese steel and its system of 0.55%~0.64%C
Method is made, there is provided rolling mill practice, without the corresponding smelting process of offer.Patent document CN103468874A discloses one kind and adopts
With the production method of Ar-O_2 furnace smelting low carbon TWIP steel, manganese 20%~30% is contained in TWIP steel, carbon is less than or equal to 0.06%, adopts
The alloying of manganese is carried out with expensive manganese metal or electrolytic manganese, cost of material is high；In the oxygen decarburization phase, using AOD furnace
Most hyperoxia/argon ratio carries out the element big with oxygen affinity such as oxygen decarburization, manganese, silicon can be largely oxidized, and recovery rate is low.
How to reduce the cost of alloying in low-carbon high-manganese TWIP steel production processes, improve yield of alloy, find it is low into
This large scale production method, is the important technology and production problem of low-carbon high-manganese TWIP steel smeltings.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, the invention provides one kind argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon Gao Meng
The method of content molten steel, the described this method with argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel solves prior art
In manganese TWIP steel smeltings high when manganese easily aoxidize, recovery rate low technical problem during alloying, while solving low-carbon high-manganese
The technical problem of TWIP steel smelting high costs.
A kind of method of use argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) the step of charging, by liquid metal raw material, ferromanganese or manganese containing materials, solid-state metallic material, slag making material
Material, carburant, lime and/or dolomite are placed in an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace；Described liquid metal raw material includes electric arc furnaces, turns
Stove, induction furnace smelt the high-carbon molten steel that obtains, the molten iron that blast furnace process is obtained or after the pre- dephosphorization of molten iron and pre- desulfurization process
Molten iron in any one or two or more arbitrary proportion mixing；According to the content of manganese in liquid metal raw material, use
Be fitted on manganese in product specification limit by ferromanganese and other solid-state metallic materials containing manganese；According to the content of carbon in liquid metal raw material and
The carbon content that other furnace charges are brought into, with carburant, the content of carbon is fitted on and is opened more than the concentration for blowing carbon content requirement in molten steel；Into
Other elements in product steel in addition to silicon and aluminium, the lower limit of product specification is fitted on the solid-state metallic material containing the element；Stone
Total addition of ash and/or dolomite is the 1~7% of weight of loading；
2) the step of decarburization, carbon period is opened and blows in molten steel carbon content more than or equal to 1.2%, liquid steel temperature be higher than or
Equal to 1450 DEG C；Carbon period includes at least three stages, oxygen/argon ratio≤2 of first stage:1, decarburization to 0.2%~
0.3%；The oxygen of second stage/argon ratio≤1:3, decarburization to 0.1%~0.06%；O2 to Ar ratio≤1 of three phases:6, take off
Carbon is to 0.01%~0.04%；Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas；The basicity of slag of carbon period, i.e. CaO/SiO2Quality
Score ratio is controlled in the range of 0.8 to 2.5, to strengthen dephosphorization；
3) reduction step and the step of a desulfurization, adds deoxidier deoxidation, and described deoxidier is aluminium ingot, silicon
The mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportion in iron, silico-calcium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium and ferro-silicon-aluminium, described deoxidation
The addition of agent is less than 3.5kg/t molten steel；Slag is removed, the lime and fluorite of reduction period slag making, reduction period stone is subsequently adding
The addition of ash is the 1~3% of Metal Weight, and reduction period fluorite addition is less than the 1% of Metal Weight；
4) a step of composition and temperature are adjusted, manganese metal or electricity are added according to the specification composition lower limit of manganese in product
Xie Meng adjusts the content of manganese, other alloying elements with industrial simple metal adjusting component, when composition, temperature reach requirement by go out
Steel, when weight/mass percentage composition≤0.06% of C, when the weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is between 20%~30%, obtains low-carbon high-manganese
TWIP steel；Low-carbon (LC) is obtained when weight/mass percentage composition≤0.06% of C, when the weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is between 8%~15% high
Manganese TRIP steel.
Further, can also be added in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace any in exothermic mixture ferrosilicon, aluminium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium, silico-calcium
The mixing of one or more kinds of arbitrary proportions, the addition according to liquid liquid steel temperature and other cold burdens determines exothermic mixture
Addition, the addition of various exothermic mixtures is less than 20kg/t molten steel.
Further, appointing in the pig iron, electrode scrap block, carbon dust and other carburants can also be added in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace
Anticipate the mixing of one or more kinds of arbitrary proportions, to improve the carbon content in molten steel.
Further, in charging procedure, the alloying of manganese is carried out with ferromanganese, the addition of ferromanganese exceedes whole alloying of manganese
With more than the 60% of material addition, wherein ferromanganese includes high carbon ferromanganese, mid-carbon fe-mn, low-carbon ferromanganese or micro-carbon ferromanganese.
Further, it is disposable before blowing to add whole alloying of manganese furnace charges, or add whole alloying of manganese furnace charges
More than the 60% of amount, wherein all being added for the ferromanganese of alloying of manganese.
Further, the metal material for being added before blowing is ferrosilicon, aluminium ingot, aluminium silicon, ferro-silicon-aluminium, silicomangan, metal
Any one in the alloying material of the other elements included in manganese, electrolytic manganese, steel scrap or refined product or two kinds
The mixing of arbitrary proportion above.
Further, it is slagging as early as possible, is easy to dephosphorization, scale oxide or the firefly of the slag making of oxygen blast stage can also be added
Any one in stone or two kinds, oxygen blast stage slag making scale oxide addition always add less than or equal to lime and White Cloud Mountain
Enter the 15% of amount, fluorite addition is less than the 1/3 of the total addition of lime and White Cloud Mountain.
Further, more than or equal to 2.0%, liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1500 to carbon content during carbon period is opened and blows molten steel
℃；Carbon period includes several stages, oxygen/argon ratio≤2 of first stage:1, decarburization to 0.2%~0.3%；Second rank
Oxygen/argon ratio≤1 of section:3, decarburization to 0.1%~0.08%；O2 to Ar ratio≤1 of three phases:5, decarburization to 0.01%~
0.03%；Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas.
Further, low-carbon high-manganese content molten steel is automobile low-carbon high-manganese twin crystal inducing plasticity steel (TWIP) or has
The low-carbon high-manganese transformation induced plasticity steel (TRIP) of phase-change induced plastic effect；The content of manganese is 15% in low-carbon high-manganese TWIP steel
~33%, carbon content≤0.06%；The content of manganese is 8~15%, carbon content≤0.06% in low-carbon high-manganese TRIP.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the method for use AOD smelting low carbons high Mn content molten steel of the invention：
(1) using ferromanganese, particularly high carbon ferromanganese carries out the alloying of manganese, and cost of material is substantially reduced.
Prior art carries out the alloying of manganese using expensive manganese metal or electrolytic manganese, and the present invention is using cheap
Ferromanganese, particularly high carbon ferromanganese carries out alloying, can greatly save cost of material.
(2) scaling loss of manganese is low in AOD smelting processes, and the recovery rate of alloying element is high.
The present invention blows carbon content, temperature higher, relatively low oxygen/argon ratio in the oxygen decarburization stage of AOD using high opening
Blown, met the thermodynamic principles of " carbon elimination guarantor manganese "：
[C]+(MnO)=CO (g)+[Mn]
The recovery rate of manganese is up to more than 92%.
(3) it is easy to the inexpensive large-scale industrial production of TWIP steel, production efficiency is high, easy to operate, process is simple is ripe.
The present invention is mass produced using the existing ripe production equipment of steel plant, efficiency high, operating method, technique
Ripe, easy to operate, the requirement to raw material is low, strong to adaptability to raw material.Cost of material and running cost are greatly lowered.
The present invention is compared with prior art, and its technological progress is significant.The method of the present invention can be greatly lowered AOD furnace
The cost of material of smelting, significantly improves the recovery rate of alloying of manganese, is easy to large-scale industrial production.The product of production be containing
Carbon is less than or equal to 0.06%, the potassium steel containing manganese 8% to 33%, and representative steel grade is carbon and manganese content within this range low
Carbon manganese TWIP steel high, the mass percent of its main component is：C≤0.06%, 18%~30%Mn, 2.0%~3.0%Si,
2.5%~3.5%Al.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
To 200 kilograms of lime are added in AOD furnace, 5.7 tons of the molten steel of induction furnace offer is blended into, its composition is as shown in table 1.
The AOD of table 1 enters stove molten steel composition (mass fraction, %)
| C | Mn | Si | P | S |
| 2.02 | 0.67 | 0.20 | 0.012 | 0.006 |
3.6 tons of high carbon ferromanganese is added, 50 kilograms of ferrosilicon is added, the oxidation and decarbonization phase adds lime in two batches, and every batch adds 200
Kilogram, every batch adds fluorite 30kg.
Thermometric, 1514 DEG C of temperature.
Using 1:2 oxygen/argon ratio carries out oxygen decarburization, and carbon content is 0.28% in blowing to molten steel.Use 1 instead:4 oxygen/argon
Than carrying out oxygen decarburization, carbon content is 0.082% in blowing to molten steel, adds lime.Use 1 instead:8 oxygen/argon ratio carries out oxygen blast and takes off
Carbon, carbon content is 0.028%, 1728 DEG C of thermometric in blowing to molten steel.Sampling, molten steel composition is shown in Table 2.
Molten steel composition (mass fraction, %) at the end of the AOD oxygen decarburizations of table 2
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.028 | 26.12 | 0.18 | 0.028 | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Blow off oxygen a, blowing argon gas add 80 kilograms of silico-calcium, 50 kilograms of silicon calcium powder to carry out deoxidation.
Slag is removed, new slag is made.Add 200 kilograms of lime, 40 kilograms of fluorites.
Add 300 kilograms of FeSi75C ferrosilicon, plus 350 kilograms of aluminium ingot.
Sampling, molten steel composition is shown in Table 3.Thermometric, 1642 DEG C.
Tapping.
Molten steel composition (mass fraction, %) during 3 AOD smelting endpoints of table
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.030 | 24.48 | 2.23 | 0.028 | 0.009 | 3.22 |
Embodiment 2：
To 200 kilograms of lime are added in AOD furnace, 5.3 tons of the molten steel of induction furnace offer is blended into, its composition is as shown in table 4.
The AOD of table 4 enters stove molten steel composition (mass fraction, %)
| C | Mn | Si | P | S |
| 1.58 | 0.62 | 0.18 | 0.010 | 0.005 |
3.3 tons of high carbon ferromanganese is added, 40 kilograms of ferrosilicon is added, the oxidation and decarbonization phase adds lime in two batches, and every batch adds 200
Kilogram, every batch adds fluorite 30kg.
Thermometric, 1531 DEG C of temperature.
Using 1:2 oxygen/argon ratio carries out oxygen decarburization, and carbon content is 0.24% in blowing to molten steel.Use 1 instead:5 oxygen/argon
Than carrying out oxygen decarburization, carbon content is 0.081% in blowing to molten steel, adds lime.Use 1 instead:9 oxygen/argon ratio carries out oxygen blast and takes off
Carbon, carbon content is 0.035%, 1745 DEG C of thermometric in blowing to molten steel.Sampling, molten steel composition is shown in Table 5.
Molten steel composition (mass fraction, %) at the end of the AOD oxygen decarburizations of table 5
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.035 | 25.85 | 0.17 | 0.027 | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Blow off oxygen a, blowing argon gas add 80 kilograms of silico-calcium, 50 kilograms of silicon calcium powder to carry out deoxidation.
Slag is removed, new slag is made.Add 200 kilograms of lime, 40 kilograms of fluorites.
Add 270 kilograms of FeSi75C ferrosilicon, plus 320 kilograms of aluminium ingot.
Sampling, molten steel composition is shown in Table 6.Thermometric, 1658 DEG C.
Tapping.
Molten steel composition (mass fraction, %) during 6 AOD smelting endpoints of table
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.038 | 24.14 | 2.27 | 0.027 | 0.008 | 3.16 |
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of use argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）One charging the step of, by liquid metal raw material, ferromanganese, solid-state metallic material, slag making materials, carburant, lime and/
Or dolomite is placed in an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace；Described solid-state metallic material be ferrosilicon, aluminium ingot, aluminium silicon, ferro-silicon-aluminium, steel scrap or
Person refines any one or the two or more arbitrary proportion in the alloying material of the other elements included in product
Mixing, described liquid metal raw material is smelted the high-carbon molten steel for obtaining, blast furnace process and is obtained including electric arc furnaces, converter, induction furnace
Molten iron or through any one in the molten iron after the pre- dephosphorization of molten iron and pre- desulfurization process or two or more arbitrary proportions
Mixing；According to the content of manganese in liquid metal raw material, manganese is fitted in product specification limit with ferromanganese；According to liquid metal raw material
The carbon content that the content of middle carbon and other furnace charges are brought into, with carburant, the content of carbon is fitted on to open and blows carbon content requirement in molten steel
Concentration more than；Other elements in finished steel in addition to silicon and aluminium, are fitted on product and advise with the solid-state metallic material containing the element
The lower limit of lattice；Total addition of lime and/or dolomite is the 1 ~ 7% of weight of loading；Exothermic mixture is added in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace
The mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportion in ferrosilicon, aluminium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium, silico-calcium, according to liquid steel water temperature
The addition of degree and other cold burdens determines the addition of exothermic mixture, and the addition of various exothermic mixtures is less than 20kg/t molten steel；
2）The step of one decarburization, carbon period opens carbon content in blowing molten steel, and, more than or equal to 1.2%, liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to
1450℃；Carbon period includes at least three stages, oxygen/argon ratio≤2 of first stage:1, decarburization to 0.2% ~ 0.3%；Second
The oxygen in stage/argon ratio≤1:3, decarburization to 0.1% ~ 0.06%；O2 to Ar ratio≤1 of three phases:6, decarburization to 0.01% ~
0.04%；Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas；The basicity of slag of carbon period, i.e. CaO/SiO2Mass fraction exists than control
In the range of 0.8 to 2.5, to strengthen dephosphorization；
3）The step of one reduction step and a desulfurization, deoxidier deoxidation is added, described deoxidier is aluminium ingot, ferrosilicon, silicon
The mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportion in calcium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium and ferro-silicon-aluminium, it is described deoxidier plus
Enter amount less than 3.5kg/t molten steel；Remove slag, be subsequently adding the lime and fluorite of reduction period slag making, reduction period lime plus
It is the 1 ~ 3% of Metal Weight to enter amount, and reduction period fluorite addition is less than the 1% of Metal Weight；
4）The step of one composition and temperature are adjusted, manganese metal or electrolytic manganese are added according to the specification composition lower limit of manganese in product
Adjust the content of manganese, other alloying elements industrial simple metal or low-carbon low-phosphor low-sulfur alloy adjusting component；When composition, temperature reach
Tapped by when requiring, when weight/mass percentage composition≤0.06% of C, when the weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is between 15% ~ 30%, obtained
Obtain low-carbon high-manganese TWIP steel；When weight/mass percentage composition≤0.06% of C, obtained when the weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is between 8% ~ 15%
Low-carbon high-manganese TRIP steel.
2. a kind of method of use argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Add in the argon oxygen decarburizing furnace in the pig iron, electrode scrap block, carbon dust and other carburants any one or it is two or more
The mixing of arbitrary proportion, to improve the carbon content in molten steel.
3. a kind of method of use argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described slag making materials is any one in the scale oxide or fluorite of the slag making of oxygen blast stage or two kinds, oxygen blast
Stage slag making is less than or equal to the 15% of lime and the total addition of dolomite with scale oxide addition, and fluorite addition is lime
With less than the 1/3 of the total addition of dolomite.
4. a kind of method of use argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting low carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Carbon period opens carbon content in blowing molten steel, and, more than or equal to 2.0%, liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1500 DEG C；If carbon period is included
Dry stage, oxygen/argon ratio≤2 of first stage:1, decarburization to 0.2% ~ 0.3%；The oxygen of second stage/argon ratio≤1:3, take off
Carbon is to 0.1% ~ 0.06%；O2 to Ar ratio≤1 of three phases:6, decarburization to 0.01% ~ 0.04%；Then stop oxygen decarburization, change
Blowing argon gas.
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| CN105648143A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-08 | 振石集团东方特钢有限公司 | Technological method used for ferrormanganese alloy |
| CN107245637B (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-04-12 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of AOD smelts the method and a kind of AOD furnace of high manganese stainless steel |
| CN107675069B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 北京科技大学 | Using CO2+O2The method that potassium steel in manganese smelting is protected in decarburization is realized in mixed gas blowing |
| CN109055667A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-21 | 河南鑫金汇不锈钢产业有限公司 | A kind of decarburization smelting process of high manganese stainless steel |
| CN109943684A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-06-28 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | A method of utilizing the high-quality of scrap smelting containing zinc steel |
| CN110438391A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A method of using silicomangan production Hi-Stren steel optimization |
| CN112301180A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-02 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for alloying manganese in ultrahigh manganese steel in non-electric furnace aluminum heating mode |
| CN112964830B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-12-09 | 上海应用技术大学 | Determination of SiO in metallurgical slag 2 Activity coefficient and method of activity |
| CN114317892B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-03-24 | 湖州盛特隆金属制品有限公司 | AOD secondary blowing-back decarburization method for ultra-low carbon steel smelting |
| CN114807717B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-03-15 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Low-cost silicon-aluminum-calcium-carbon alloy, preparation method thereof and application thereof in converter metallurgy heat supplement |
| CN115354209B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-06-02 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Method for smelting high-manganese high-nitrogen steel 18Cr18Mn12Ni2N by adopting argon-oxygen furnace |
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| CN101338396B (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2010-09-08 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting very-low carbon and high silicon stainless steel by AOD |
| CN103468874B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-06-24 | 北京科技大学 | Method for manufacturing low-carbon TWIP steel through AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) furnace |
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