CN102367558A - Boric low alloy wear resistant steel for pump - Google Patents
Boric low alloy wear resistant steel for pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN102367558A CN102367558A CN201110324456XA CN201110324456A CN102367558A CN 102367558 A CN102367558 A CN 102367558A CN 201110324456X A CN201110324456X A CN 201110324456XA CN 201110324456 A CN201110324456 A CN 201110324456A CN 102367558 A CN102367558 A CN 102367558A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting materials, and concretely relates to boric low alloy wear resistant steel for a pump. The steel is characterized in that the steel comprises the following chemical components: 0.33 wt% of C, 1.20 wt% of Mn, 1.30 wt% of Si, 1.35 wt% of Cr, 0.30 wt% of Mo, 0.40 wt% of Ni, 0.05 wt% of N, 0.002-0.0025 wt% of B, 0.002-0.003 wt% of Y, and the balance Fe and avoidless impurities. The boric low alloy wear resistant steel for the pump, which has the characteristics of high strength and hardness, and excellent tissue and performance, is obtained through molding a boric low alloy wear resistant steel casting with resin sand, and carrying out heat treatment consisting of quenching and tempering on the casting. The boric low alloy wear resistant steel of the invention has the advantages of high hardness, good toughness effect, high wear resistance, certain corrosion resistance, simple production technology, low production cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal casting material technology field, specifically a kind of pump is used the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel.
Background technology
Pump is to use universal machine very widely, and its Application Areas is very wide, and every have a liquid-flow part, pump nearly all arranged in work.According to the country variant statistics, the current consumption of pump all accounts for 1/5 of gross generation, and visible raising pump state of the art is significant to energy efficient.On behalf of the height of pump manufacture level, material selection, pump directly be limited by kind, temperature height, the pumping pressure size of delivery medium, the factors such as strained condition of pump internals with the Development of Materials level, influences pump performance and work-ing life.And wearing and tearing also are to cause one of maximum problem of financial loss as a major reason that causes that pump lost efficacy.Present widely used pump mainly contains various wear-resisting alloy steels and spoken parts in traditional operas antifriction cast iron with wear-resistant metal material; The former good toughness, but have the deficiency that intensity and hardness are low, wear no resistance, the latter has high firmness and wear resistance; But fragility is bigger, is prone in the use peel off even the rimose deficiency.Therefore; Development and Production technology is simple, low production cost, intensity and toughness is high, hardening capacity and the good pump of new generation of hardenability are used wear-resistant metal material; Under the abrasive wear operating mode, replace widely used common high-abrasive material at present; Reduce the loss that galling causes pump, undoubtedly the development of the national economy is had crucial meaning.
The peak period of research and development has for many years been passed through in the production and the application of external high-abrasive material, tends towards stability at present, and oneself series product and national standard, company standard are arranged.See on the whole, developed into two big types of wear resisting steel and antifriction cast irons at present.State such as the U.S., Canada, in the seventies in last century, along with selecting and purchasing equipment such as power shovel, ball mill gradually to the development of maximizing, to the demands for higher performance of high-abrasive material.The used high-abrasive material of these equipment requirements is not only wanted to bear bigger shock load, and higher wear resistance and work-ing life will be arranged.Traditional like this Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr martensite white cast iron, high mangaenese steel and middle manganese austenite cast steel, perlite Cr-Mo cast steel etc. have been difficult to meet the demands, and low-alloy wear-resistant steel occurs under such background.Compare with high mangaenese steel, the low-alloy wear-resistant steel microstructure is martensite or martensite+bainite, so its initial hardness is higher, and alloying element is main with Si, Mn and Cr, Mo mainly, and carbon content is divided basic, normal, high three class.Through the adjustment carbon content, resulting low-alloy wear-resistant steel, not only intensity, hardness are far above high mangaenese steel, and its impelling strength also is only second to high mangaenese steel, can substitute high mangaenese steel to a great extent.Thereby this type high-abrasive material one occurs, and just enjoys various countries investigator's favor.
Japanese Patent JP8144009-A has reported that a kind of H.T. that contains manganese, nickel, chromium, molybdenum is used to make the wearable cast steel of grinder hammerhead, its chemical constitution (wt
.%) as follows: C, 0.3～0.45; Si≤0.5; Mn≤1.2; Ni, 1.5～2.5; Cr, 0.7～2.0; Mo, 0.4～1.0; Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.This material has excellent toughness and wear resistance, but contains more expensive nickel and molybdenum, and the alloy production cost is increased.
The patent SU1650756-A of the FSU has reported the multi-member low alloy grinding-tolerant steel of a kind of carbon containing, silicon, manganese, chromium, nitrogen, rare earth, calcium, in order to improve the performance of matrix, particularly improves wear resistance, also adds vanadium, niobium and the brill of some amount, its chemical constitution (wt
.%) as follows: C, 0.6～0.8; Si, 0.1～0.4; Mn, 0.7～1.7; Cr, 1.3～1.6; N, 0.01～0.03; RE, 0.01～0.027; Ca, 0.001～0.003; V, 1.1～1.5; Nb, 0.6～0.9; Co, 0.3～0.7; Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.Although this alloy material has mechanical property and wear resistance preferably, add expensive vanadium, niobium and cobalt, the alloy production cost is sharply increased.
In recent years domestic, to the concrete operating mode and the resource situation of equipment attrition, develop multiple abrasion resistance material.Mainly contain modified high manganese steel, Medium Manganese Steel, ultra-high manganese steel series; High, medium and low carbon wear-resisting alloy steel series; Chromium is 2 wear-resistant white cast series; Manganese system, boron are 2 wear-resistant white cast and martensite, bainite abrasion-resistant nodular cast iron, the bimetal composite wear resistant material that different methods is produced, the high-abrasive material that sufacing is handled etc.Domestic research for low-alloy wear-resistant steel is started late, and just is used to make wear-resistant that bears certain impact load at first.Afterwards Along with people's to high mangaenese steel defective understanding gradually deeply, to the research of low-alloy wear-resistant steel and use and just really obtain paying attention to, and Application Areas is also in continuous expansion.The low-alloy wear-resistant steel of China is grown up by Si, Mn steel adding Cr, Mo, and its production cost and high mangaenese steel are suitable, on large-scale cement mill and coal mill, uses at present to have demonstrated clear superiority, and improve 1～2 times than high mangaenese steel work-ing life.Through effort for many years, the research of China's low-alloy wear-resistant steel has obtained very big achievement with application.
Through retrieval, CN1033845A discloses a kind of high-tenacity low-carbon microalloyed cast steel on the net, and it is an alloying element with carbon, manganese, titanium, niobium, rare earth etc., its chemical constitution (wt
.%) as follows: C, 0.06～0.18; Mn, 1.4～1.8; Nb, 0.02～0.12; Ti, 0.01～0.10; RE, 0.002～0.06; Mo＜0.3; Al＜0.06; S＜0.035; P＜0.035; Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.Normalizing-tempering or homo genizing annelaing-normalizing-tempering process are adopted in its thermal treatment.This invention cast steel has high toughness and plasticity, but carbon content is too low, has the deficiency that intensity and hardness are low and wear no resistance, and tensile strength is less than 750MPa, and ys is less than 650MPa.
CN1182142 provides a kind of wearable cast steel, is main alloy element with carbon, chromium, molybdenum, auxilliary a small amount of vanadium, titanium and trace rare-earth and the boron alloy element of adding.Its chemical composition content is (wt
.%): C, 0.15～0.50; Si≤0.50; Mn≤1.0; Cr, 1.0～2.0; Mo, 0.2～0.5; V, 0.02～0.10; Ti, 0.02～0.10; B, 0.005～0.10; S＜0.035; P＜0.04; Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.This Alloy Cast Steel after heat treatment; Its microstructure is that martensite adds bainite and a spot of residual austenite; Have good obdurability and wear resistance; Improve 1 times or more than high mangaenese steel work-ing life, but contain more expensive molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, makes production cost inevitably improve.
CN1834279A discloses a kind of boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel and preparation method thereof, and its chemical ingredients is (wt
.%): C, 0.2～0.45; Mn, 1. 1～1.8; Si, 0.8～1.5; Cr, 0.3～1.2; B, 0.05～0.20; Ti, 0.08～0.30; N, 0.03～0.20; Ca, 0.05～0.15; K, 0.04～0.15; Y, 0.08～0.25; Mg, 0.03～0.12; All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.This Alloy Cast Steel deficiency is, because the too high levels of boron causes the fragility of steel to increase; Calcic is higher, and the inclusion in the steel is increased, and excessive yttrium can cause inclusion to be broken chain distribution, diminishes the plasticity and the toughness of steel on the contrary, has reduced the metallurgical quality of wear resisting steel.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intensity and wear resistance of improving cast steel, have the hardness height, toughness is effective, wear resistance is high, and has certain erosion resistance concurrently, and production technique is simple, and the pump of the high-strong toughness that production cost is low is used the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of pump is used the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel, it is characterized in that chemical ingredients by weight percentage is: C, 0.33; Mn, 1.20; Si, 1.30; Cr, 1.35; Mo, 0.30; Ni, 0.40; N, 0.05; B, 0.002～0.0025; Y, 0.002～0.003; All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Pump of the present invention is used phenolic sand molding with the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel casting; The medium-frequency induction furnace melting of basic lining or neutral lining, the melting feeding sequence is: the back energising in the stove of packing into of will prepare burden good steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel and foundry iron, supply with 60% power when beginning to switch on; After fluctuation of current is less; Gradually power is increased to maximum,, note in time smashing material at any time along with the fusing of lower furnace portion furnace charge; After treating that most of furnace charge dissolves, add medium carbon ferrochrome and continue fusing, and add ferrosilicon and mid-carbon fe-mn successively; After the furnace charge major part was dissolved, (lime powder: the slag making of fluorite powder=2:1) also covered molten steel, and the slag charge add-on is 1.0～1.5% to add slag making materials; After treating that furnace chargeization is clear, skim, get steel appearance and analyze, power is reduced to 40～50%, add slag charge slag making again; After slag chargeization was clear, killing carried out diffusive deoxidation, with the viscosity of lime powder and fluorite powder adjustment slag, made slag have good flowability in the deoxidation process; According to the chemical composition analysis result, adjustment molten steel chemical ingredients, silicon content is adjusted in 5～10min before tapping; Measure molten steel temperature, require 1580～1600 ℃ of tapping temperatures, and make circle cup sample, inspection steel liquid deoxidation situation; Reach tapping temperature, circle cup sample shrinks good, prepares tapping, inserts aluminium 0.1% before the tapping, carries out final deoxygenation; Containing in nitrogenous ferrochrome and the ferro-boron input stove after will toasting when carrying out final deoxygenation; The interior power failure turndown of 2～3min is tapped after inserting aluminium; To place the casting ladle bottom through the yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy inoculant (granularity is less than 15mm) after 130～180 ℃ of oven dry, and with the method that pours in the bag molten steel carried out composite inoculating and handle; Molten steel adds insulating covering agent on the molten steel face after pouring in the bag in bag, pour into a mould behind calm 3～5min, and teeming temperature is controlled at 1480～1520 ℃.This material as cast condition is pearlitic structure, and foundry goods matrix after quenching and tempering heat treatment is a lath martensite, also has a spot of residual austenite in addition; And being distributed on the matrix of carbide dispersion; Improve the hardness of material, quench: 920～960 ℃ of insulations air cooling of coming out of the stove after 1～4 hour, tempering: 180～250 ℃ of insulations were slowly cooled off with stove after 2～5 hours; After heat treatment obtain intensity, hardness height, the pump of tissue and excellent property is used boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.
Main alloy element silicon among the present invention, manganese, chromium and assistant alloy elemental nickel, molybdenum, nitrogen, boron, yttrium have satisfied following relation:
Si＋Mn＋Cr＋Ni＋Mo＋N＋B＋Y＜5.0%。
Pump of the present invention with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel compared with prior art, principal feature is following:
(1) is main alloy element with silicon, manganese, contains precious metal elements such as a spot of nickel, molybdenum, add 1.35% chromium; And the boron and the nitrogen of adding trace; Refinement crystal grain, improved the intensity and the wear resistance of cast steel, alloying element is controlled in 5%; Through the rotten treatment and purification of yttrium-base heavy rare earth and the tissue of refinement cast steel, obviously improve the mechanical property of cast steel.
(2) matrix after the thermal treatment is main with lath martensite, contains a large amount of trickle residual austenites between martensite lath, makes material keep also having good toughness concurrently under the prerequisite of HS and high firmness.
(3) adopt melting and the casting technique identical with plain carbon stool, thermal treatment process is simple.
(4) main mechanical property is following:
Tensile strength Rm>=1650MPa, elongation after fracture A>=7%, hardness>=55HRC, impelling strength α
K>=170J/cm
2
Advantages such as the present invention has the hardness height, and toughness is effective, wear resistance is high, and has certain erosion resistance concurrently, and production technique is simple, and production cost is low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description:
A kind of pump is used the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel, it is characterized in that chemical ingredients by weight percentage is: C, 0.33; Mn, 1.20; Si, 1.30; Cr, 1.35; Mo, 0.30; Ni, 0.40; N, 0.05; B, 0.002～0.0025; Y, 0.002～0.003; All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Pump of the present invention is used phenolic sand molding with the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel casting; The medium-frequency induction furnace melting of basic lining or neutral lining, the melting feeding sequence is: the back energising in the stove of packing into of will prepare burden good steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel and foundry iron, supply with 60% power when beginning to switch on; After fluctuation of current is less; Gradually power is increased to maximum,, note in time smashing material at any time along with the fusing of lower furnace portion furnace charge; After treating that most of furnace charge dissolves, add medium carbon ferrochrome and continue fusing, and add ferrosilicon and mid-carbon fe-mn successively; After the furnace charge major part was dissolved, (lime powder: the slag making of fluorite powder=2:1) also covered molten steel, and the slag charge add-on is 1.0～1.5% to add slag making materials; After treating that furnace chargeization is clear, skim, get steel appearance and analyze, power is reduced to 40～50%, add slag charge slag making again; After slag chargeization was clear, killing carried out diffusive deoxidation, with the viscosity of lime powder and fluorite powder adjustment slag, made slag have good flowability in the deoxidation process; According to the chemical composition analysis result, adjustment molten steel chemical ingredients, silicon content is adjusted in 5～10min before tapping; Measure molten steel temperature, require 1580～1600 ℃ of tapping temperatures, and make circle cup sample, inspection steel liquid deoxidation situation; Reach tapping temperature, circle cup sample shrinks good, prepares tapping, inserts aluminium 0.1% before the tapping, carries out final deoxygenation; Containing in nitrogenous ferrochrome and the ferro-boron input stove after will toasting when carrying out final deoxygenation; The interior power failure turndown of 2～3min is tapped after inserting aluminium; To place the casting ladle bottom through the yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy inoculant (granularity is less than 15mm) after 130～180 ℃ of oven dry, and with the method that pours in the bag molten steel carried out composite inoculating and handle; Molten steel adds insulating covering agent on the molten steel face after pouring in the bag in bag, pour into a mould behind calm 3～5min, and teeming temperature is controlled at 1480～1520 ℃.This material as cast condition is pearlitic structure, and foundry goods matrix after quenching+tempering heat treatment is a lath martensite, also has a spot of residual austenite in addition, and being distributed on the matrix of carbide dispersion, improves the hardness of material.Quench: 920～960 ℃ of insulations air cooling of coming out of the stove after 1～4 hour, tempering: 180～250 ℃ of insulations were slowly cooled off with stove after 2～5 hours, after heat treatment obtained intensity, hardness is high, and the pump of tissue and excellent property is used boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.
Main alloy element silicon among the present invention, manganese, chromium and assistant alloy elemental nickel, molybdenum, nitrogen, boron, yttrium have satisfied following relation:
Si＋Mn＋Cr＋Ni＋Mo＋N＋B＋Y＜5.0%。
Pump of the present invention with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel compared with prior art, principal feature is following:
(1) is main alloy element with silicon, manganese, contains precious metal elements such as a spot of nickel, molybdenum, add 1.35% chromium; And the boron and the nitrogen of adding trace; Refinement crystal grain, improved the intensity and the wear resistance of cast steel, alloying element is controlled in 5%; Through the rotten treatment and purification of yttrium-base heavy rare earth and the tissue of refinement cast steel, obviously improve the mechanical property of cast steel.
(2) matrix after the thermal treatment is main with lath martensite, contains a large amount of trickle residual austenites between martensite lath, makes material keep also having good toughness concurrently under the prerequisite of HS and high firmness.
(3) adopt melting and the casting technique identical with plain carbon stool, thermal treatment process is simple.
(4) main mechanical property is following:
Tensile strength Rm>=1650MPa, elongation after fracture A>=7%, hardness>=55HRC, impelling strength α
K>=170J/cm
2
The performance of alloy material is by the metallographic structure decision, and certain tissue depends on chemical ingredients and thermal treatment process, and chemical ingredients of the present invention is to confirm like this:
Carbon: carbon is the principal element that influences wearable cast steel intensity, hardness, toughness and hardening capacity.The carbon amount is low excessively, and hardenability is not enough, and wear resistance is not enough.The carbon amount is too high, occurs the big high-carbon plate martensite of fragility after the thermal treatment in the steel, and the toughness of steel and plasticity are sharply descended, and in addition, the carbon content increase also can worsen the welding property of steel.Take all factors into consideration, among the present invention carbon content is controlled at 0.33%.
Silicon: silicon has stronger solid solution strengthening effect, can improve the intensity of steel, particularly ys.Silicon stops the carbide forming core to be grown up, and " C " curve is moved to right, and improves the hardening capacity of steel.Silicon reduces the solubleness of carbon in austenite, impels carbide to separate out along crystal boundary, reduces the toughness of steel.Therefore, the present invention is controlled at 1.30% with silicone content.
Manganese: manganese also has stronger solid solution strengthening effect, and particularly effect is better in low alloy steel.Manganese reduces phase driving force, and " C " curve is moved to right, and improves the hardening capacity of steel.Manganese reduces the A of steel
1Temperature is used for promoting grain growth through the promotion grain growth of strengthening carbon, increases the superheated susceptivity of steel.Manganese promotion harmful element gathers crystal boundary partially, has increased the tendency of steel temper brittleness.Therefore, the present invention is controlled at 1.20% with manganese content.
Chromium: chromium not only increases substantially the hardening capacity of steel, is suitable for air quenching, obtains the martensitic while in the quenching also can obtain a certain amount of bainite, improves the obdurability of steel.Chromium solution strengthening simultaneously matrix improves erosion resistance.Chromium and carbon form the granular carbide of high firmness, improve the hardness and the wear resistance of steel, improve temper resistance.The carbide of chromium is more stable, is difficult for growing up, so the ability crystal grain thinning improves the carbide homogeneity.But the chromium amount is too high, and the thermal conductivity, the castability variation that lower steel are prone to hot tearing, and is prone to make and occurs carbide on the crystal boundary, reduces the toughness of steel, has also increased production cost simultaneously.Therefore, the present invention is controlled at 1.35% with chromium content.
Molybdenum: significantly improve the hardening capacity of steel, solution strengthening matrix, molybdenum effectively suppress gathering partially of harmful element in the steel, reduce temper brittleness, and molybdenum can crystal grain thinning, improve the temper resistance of steel, and molybdenum improves sosoloid interatomic bond power strongly, improves the heat resistance of steel; Molybdenum can form and contain Mo oxide M oO
3, fine and close and stablize, can effectively prevent spot corrosion.Because the price of molybdenum is higher, the present invention is controlled at 0.30% with molybdenum content.
Nickel: nickel can improve the hardening capacity of steel, improves the toughness of steel matrix; Nickel reduces phase driving force, and " C " curve is moved to right; Nickel reduces the Ms point, has increased the amount of residual austenite in the hardened steel; Harmful element gathers the temper brittleness of increase steel partially in the nickel promotion steel.Take all factors into consideration, the present invention is controlled at 0.40% with nickel content.
Nitrogen: in steel, add the nitrogen of trace, except the intensity and hardness that form high melting compound raising steel, the solid solution of part nitrogen can also obviously improve the hardening capacity and the hardenability of steel in matrix, improves the wear resistance of steel, improves fatigue, the creep property of steel.But add-on is too much, is prone to pore in the foundry goods tissue, reduces cast steel characteristic on the contrary.Therefore, the present invention is controlled at 0.05% with nitrogen content.
Boron: boron adds in the steel as trace element, and with the molybdenum acting in conjunction, proeutectoid ferrite separates out the hardening capacity of raising steel in the inhibition steel.In the compound adding steel of boron and rare earth alloy, can reduce non-metallic inclusion, improvement is mingled with type and distribution; And impurity elements such as low-melting As, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi form compound between high-melting point metal, eliminate the fragility of the steel that impurity element causes, improve the metallurgical quality of steel, guarantee the thermoplasticity and the hot strength of steel.Boron with the molten steel reaction, forms trickle particle, and becomes the non-spontaneous nucleation core of process of setting when smelting steel; Reduced the forming core merit, increased nucleation rate, simultaneously, boron is surface active element; Be adsorbed on solid-state nucleating surface easily, hindered the required atom supply of crystal growth, thereby reduced the crystal rate of growing up, therefore; But boron refined cast structure reduces dendritic segregation and regional segregation, improves the homogeneity of steel chemical composition; Improve the intensity and the wear resistance of cast steel, therefore, among the present invention boron content is controlled at 0.002～0.0025%.
Yttrium: have stronger deoxidation, sweetening power in the yttrium adding steel, its reaction product is globular Y
2O
2S, Y
2O
3Deng rare-earth oxide sulfate, simultaneously, improve shape, size, the distribution of sulfide, ability is split in the heat resistanceheat resistant that improves steel.The atomic radius of heavy rare earths (yttrium) is little than light rare earths, and the solution strengthening effect in steel is bigger, interacts at harmful elements such as crystal boundary and low-melting As, Sn, Pb, P, suppresses them in the gathering partially of crystal boundary, purifies and strengthens crystal boundary.Yttrium and C, N, H effect, nodularization, refinement carbide are eliminated carbide network, reduce the hydrogen induced cracking tendency.The chemical property of yttrium is very active, can in steel, form a series of very stable compounds, becomes non-spontaneous nucleation center, thereby plays the effect of crystal grain thinning.In addition, yttrium is a surface active element, can increase crystallization nuclei and produce speed, stops grain growing.The refinement of crystal grain helps that cast steel is moulded, flexible improves.Yttrium can also suppress growth, the growth of column crystal in dilute-alloy martensite cast steel, reduce the plate martensite ratio, increases the lath martensite ratio, improves the comprehensive mechanical property and the wear resistance of steel.REE can increase the flowability of molten steel simultaneously, improves the density of foundry goods.But excessive yttrium can cause inclusion to be broken chain distribution, diminishes the plasticity and the toughness of steel on the contrary.Take all factors into consideration, will contain the yttrium amount among the present invention and be controlled at 0.002～0.003%.
Quenching temperature is to influence the important factor of pump with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel tissue and performance; Quenching temperature is low excessively; Austenite is incomplete; The pearlitic structure of soft appears in quenching in tissue, reduce mechanical property and the wear resistance of pump with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.Quenching temperature is too high, and austenite crystal is thick, the quenching structure alligatoring; Reduce intensity and the toughness of pump with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel; Pump can obtain tiny lath martensite tissue, subsequently after 180 ~ 250 ℃ of insulations (2 ~ 5 hours) with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel cooling fast after 920 ~ 960 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations and insulation (1 ~ 4 hour); Can obtain lath-shaped tempered martensite, have HS, H.T. and excellent abrasive.
Embodiment 1:
The pump of present embodiment adopts furane resin sand molding, the 1000kg medium-frequency induction furnace melting of neutral lining with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.Required starting material have: medium carbon ferrochrome, contain nitrogenous ferrochrome, electrolytic nickel, molybdenum-iron, mid-carbon fe-mn, ferro-boron, ferrosilicon, electrolytic aluminum, steel scrap, foundry iron, heavy rare earth yttrium alloy inoculant, slag former etc.Feeding sequence is following: the back energising in the stove of packing into of will prepare burden good steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel and foundry iron, supply with 60% power when beginning to switch on, and after fluctuation of current is less, gradually power is increased to maximum, and smash material at any time; After treating that most of furnace charge dissolves, add medium carbon ferrochrome and continue fusing, and add ferrosilicon and mid-carbon fe-mn successively; After the furnace charge major part is dissolved, add 1.3% slag making materials (lime powder: fluorite powder=2:1) slag making; After treating that furnace chargeization is clear, skim, get steel appearance and analyze, power is reduced to 50%, add slag charge slag making again; After slag chargeization was clear, killing carried out diffusive deoxidation; Chemical composition analysis is qualified, measures molten steel temperature, and molten steel temperature is risen to 1600 ℃, and makes circle cup sample, and steel liquid deoxidation is good; Insert aluminium deoxidation (content is about 0.1%) with aluminium ingot; Containing in nitrogenous ferrochrome and the ferro-boron input stove after will toasting when carrying out final deoxygenation; 2min power failure turndown is tapped after inserting aluminium; To place the casting ladle bottom through the yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy inoculant (granularity is less than 15mm) of 150 ℃ of oven dry, and with the method that pours in the bag molten steel carried out composite inoculating and handle; Molten steel adds insulating covering agent on the molten steel face after pouring in the bag in bag, pour into a mould 1482 ℃ of the initial teeming temperatures of molten steel behind the calm 5min.After 1.5 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove rapidly slowly cools off with stove after 2 hours 230 ℃ of insulations foundry goods subsequently through 910 ℃ of insulations.The cast steel composition is seen table 1, and mechanical property is seen table 2.
Table 1 pump is with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel chemical ingredients (wt
.%)
Table 2 pump is used the boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel mechanical property
Embodiment 2:
The pump of present embodiment adopts furane resin sand molding, the melting of basic-lined 1000kg medium-frequency induction furnace with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.Required starting material have: medium carbon ferrochrome, contain nitrogenous ferrochrome, electrolytic nickel, molybdenum-iron, mid-carbon fe-mn, ferro-boron, ferrosilicon, electrolytic aluminum, steel scrap, foundry iron, heavy rare earth yttrium alloy inoculant, slag former etc.; Feeding sequence is following: the back energising in the stove of packing into of will prepare burden good steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel and foundry iron; Supply with 60% power when beginning to switch on; After fluctuation of current is less, gradually power is increased to maximum, and smash material at any time; After treating that most of furnace charge dissolves, add medium carbon ferrochrome and continue fusing, and add ferrosilicon and mid-carbon fe-mn successively; After the furnace charge major part is dissolved, add 1.3% slag making materials (lime powder: fluorite powder=2:1) slag making; After treating that furnace chargeization is clear, skim, get steel appearance and analyze, power is reduced to 50%, add slag charge slag making again; After slag chargeization was clear, killing carried out diffusive deoxidation; Chemical composition analysis is qualified, measures molten steel temperature, and molten steel temperature is risen to 1620 ℃, and makes circle cup sample, and steel liquid deoxidation is good; Insert aluminium deoxidation (content is about 0.1%) with aluminium ingot; Containing in nitrogenous ferrochrome and the ferro-boron input stove after will toasting when carrying out final deoxygenation; 3min power failure turndown is tapped after inserting aluminium; To place the casting ladle bottom through the yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy inoculant (granularity is less than 15mm) of 160 ℃ of oven dry, and with the method that pours in the bag molten steel carried out composite inoculating and handle; Molten steel adds insulating covering agent on the molten steel face after pouring in the bag in bag, pour into a mould 1516 ℃ of the initial teeming temperatures of molten steel behind the calm 3min.After 4 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove rapidly slowly cools off with stove after 2.5 hours 210 ℃ of insulations foundry goods subsequently through 910 ℃ of insulations.The cast steel composition is seen table 3, and mechanical property is seen table 4.
Table 3 pump is with boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel chemical ingredients (wt
.%)
Table 4 pump is used the boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel mechanical property
Get the pump case of the pump of the foregoing description with the manufacturing of boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant cast steel, on aluminium industrial flow pump, carry to contain the solid phase particles medium, improve about 2 times than common wear resisting steel work-ing life; Suitable with the rich chromium cast iron pump case, and overcome the deficiency of the bad easy fracture of rich chromium cast iron toughness, price is lower than rich chromium cast iron pump case; The pump case that uses boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant cast steel to make can be practiced thrift servicing time, reduces and shuts down number of times; Improve the working efficiency of pump, reduced the cost of alumina producing.
The forward and backward backplate that the pump of getting the foregoing description is made with boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant cast steel is used in to carry on the solid-liquid two-phase flow slag stock pump and contains solid particulate (maximum delivery particle diameter 60mm) and certain corrosive medium is arranged, and the result finds; The backplate that boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel is made is safe in utilization, reliable, does not occur in the use peeling off and rupturing, and the backplate work-ing life that boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel is made is suitable with the rich chromium cast iron backplate; It is low that production cost compares the rich chromium cast iron backplate, and improve 3 ~ 5 times than common wear resisting steel backplate its work-ing life, and price is suitable with common wear resisting steel; The backplate that uses the present invention to make the slag stock pump has good economic benefits; The present invention has the hardness height, and toughness is effective, wear resistance is high, and has certain erosion resistance concurrently; Advantages such as production technique is simple, and production cost is low.
Claims (4)
1. a pump is used the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel, it is characterized in that chemical ingredients (wt by weight percentage
.%) be: C:0.33; Mn:1.20; Si:1.30; Cr:1.35; Mo:0.30; Ni:0.40; N:0.05; B:0.002～0.0025, Y:0.002～0.003; All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. pump of the present invention is used phenolic sand molding with the boron-containing low alloy wear-resistant steel casting, the medium-frequency induction furnace melting of basic lining or neutral lining.
3. the melting feeding sequence is: the back energising in the stove of packing into of will prepare burden good steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel and foundry iron; Supply with 60% power when beginning to switch on, after fluctuation of current is less, gradually power is increased to maximum; Along with the fusing of lower furnace portion furnace charge, should note in time smashing material at any time; After treating that most of furnace charge dissolves, add medium carbon ferrochrome and continue fusing, and add ferrosilicon and mid-carbon fe-mn successively; After the furnace charge major part was dissolved, (lime powder: the slag making of fluorite powder=2:1) also covered molten steel, and the slag charge add-on is 1.0～1.5% to add slag making materials; After treating that furnace chargeization is clear, skim, get steel appearance and analyze, power is reduced to 40～50%, add slag charge slag making again; After slag chargeization was clear, killing carried out diffusive deoxidation, with the viscosity of lime powder and fluorite powder adjustment slag, made slag have good flowability in the deoxidation process; According to the chemical composition analysis result, adjustment molten steel chemical ingredients, silicon content is adjusted in 5～10min before tapping; Measure molten steel temperature, require 1580～1600 ℃ of tapping temperatures, and make circle cup sample, inspection steel liquid deoxidation situation; Reach tapping temperature, circle cup sample shrinks good, prepares tapping, inserts aluminium 0.1% before the tapping, carries out final deoxygenation; Containing in nitrogenous ferrochrome and the ferro-boron input stove after will toasting when carrying out final deoxygenation; The interior power failure turndown of 2～3min is tapped after inserting aluminium; To place the casting ladle bottom through the yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy inoculant (granularity is less than 15mm) after 130～180 ℃ of oven dry, and with the method that pours in the bag molten steel carried out composite inoculating and handle; Molten steel adds insulating covering agent on the molten steel face after pouring in the bag in bag, pour into a mould behind calm 3～5min, and teeming temperature is controlled at 1480～1520 ℃.
4. this material as cast condition is pearlitic structure; Foundry goods matrix after quenching and tempering heat treatment is a lath martensite; Also have a spot of residual austenite in addition, and being distributed on the matrix of carbide dispersion, improve the hardness of material; Quench: 910 ℃ of insulations air cooling of coming out of the stove after 1～4 hour; Tempering: 180～250 ℃ of insulations were slowly cooled off with stove after 2～5 hours, and cooled material heat obtains intensity after treatment, hardness is high, and the pump of tissue and excellent property is used boron-containing multi-element low alloy wear resistant cast steel.
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