CN110894582B - High-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001126 Compacted graphite iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper molybdenum Chemical compound [Cu].[Mo] WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material casting, and discloses a vermicular graphite cast iron material with high strength and high thermal conductivity and a preparation method thereof. The vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 3.5-4.2%, Si: 1.0-1.8%, Mn: 0.2-0.3%, P <0.06%, S <0.02%, V: 0.02 to 0.05%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Sn: 0.03 to 0.05%, Sb: 0.004-0.028%, Mg: 0.016-0.022%, RE: 0.005-0.015%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises five steps of material preparation, smelting, creeping, inoculation and pouring. The invention has the advantage that the room temperature and high temperature thermal conductivity of the material is obviously improved on the premise of improving the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the technical field of metal material casting, and particularly relates to high-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The graphite morphology of the vermicular cast iron is vermicular and is between spherical and flaky. The vermicular graphite cast iron has excellent comprehensive performance, and is between gray cast iron and nodular cast iron. The tensile strength and fatigue strength of the vermicular graphite cast iron are improved by times compared with those of gray cast iron, and the thermal conductivity of the vermicular graphite cast iron is far higher than that of nodular cast iron, so that the vermicular graphite cast iron is an applicable material for key parts of advanced diesel engines and heavy-duty automobiles. With the continuous development of high-performance motor vehicles, key materials are required to have high toughness and high thermal conductivity. The common cast iron material, whether gray cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron or nodular cast iron, can not meet the requirements of service and use conditions. Therefore, how to prepare the vermicular cast iron material with high strength and high thermal conductivity becomes a bottleneck limiting the application of the vermicular cast iron material.
The Chinese patent publication CN 109136731A discloses a copper-molybdenum vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 3.6-3.8%, Si: 2.2-2.3%, Mo: 0.3-0.4%, S: 0-0.03%, P: 0-0.06%, Cu: 0.4%, Mo: 0.2%, RE: 0-0.2%, Mg: 0.1-0.5%, Ca: 0.2 to 0.33 percent. The invention adds 0.45-0.5% of Mg-RE series vermiculizer, 0.7-0.8% of Fe-75Si inoculant, the vermicularizing rate is more than 80%, and the pearlite content is more than 50%. The lower limit of pearlite of the invention is 50%, which causes the lowest tensile strength of the material to be reduced to 355MPa, and can not meet the performance requirements of service working conditions on high strength and high heat conduction vermicular iron.
The Chinese patent publication CN 108754297B authorizes a vermicular graphite cast iron with seawater corrosion resistance and a preparation method thereof, C: 3.5% -3.7%, Si: 2.8-3.0%, Mn: 0.001-0.3%, P: 0.001-0.035%, S: 0.001-0.02%, Ni: 2-3%, Cu: 0.3-0.4%, Mo: 0.1-0.2%, Cr: 0.2-0.3%, Sn: 0.02 to 0.03%, Sb: 0.003-0.005%, Ca: 0.05 to 0.10%, Ti: 0.1-0.2%, Zr: 0.01-0.02%, Mg: 0.01-0.02%, RE: 0.01 to 0.02 percent. The vermicular graphite cast iron material has a vermicular rate of 65-95% and a pearlite content of 60-70%. Because the creep rate has a large influence on the thermal conductivity of the vermicular iron, the thermal conductivity of the material can be greatly reduced due to the low creep rate.
The Chinese patent publication CN 104532113A discloses a vanadium-titanium vermicular cast iron and a production method thereof; c: 3.8-4.2%, Si: 1.8-2.2%, Mn: 0.4-0.7%, V: 0.15-0.34%, Ti: 0.05-0.08%, Cr: 0.1-0.3%, S: 0.03-0.06%, P: 0.05-0.09%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.03 percent. The creep rate of the invention is more than 70 percent, and the pearlite content is more than 70 percent. The strength and thermal conductivity of the material are not shown, but the thermal conductivity of the material will be low according to its low creep rate and pearlite content.
The Chinese patent publication CN 102409220A discloses a high-strength and high-toughness vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof; c: 3.4-3.8%, Si: 2.1-2.6%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Mo: 0.2-0.5%, Mn: 0.2-0.8%, Sn: 0.02 to 0.04%, Sb: 0.004-0.032%. The prepared cast vermicular cast iron is subjected to isothermal normalizing treatment to obtain a lower bainite structure, and although the tensile strength is as high as 900MPa and the elongation is 3%, the material is not suitable for being used under the as-cast condition.
Chinese patent publication No. CN110093554A discloses a vermicular cast iron with high thermal conductivity and high strength, and a preparation method and application thereof; c: 3.5-4.0%, Si: 2.1-2.5%, Mn: 0.2-0.6%, S: <0.02%, P: <0.04%, Cu: 0.2-0.6%, Mo: 0.1 to 0.5 percent. The tensile strength of the invention is less than 400MPa, the room temperature thermal conductivity is less than 42W/(m.K), and the requirements of high strength and high thermal conductivity of the service working condition can not be met.
Therefore, the vermicular cast iron prepared by the prior art has insufficient strength and thermal conductivity under severe service conditions of high speed, high temperature and high pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides high-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the problem that the intensity and the heat conductivity of the vermicular graphite cast iron are not high enough under the severe working conditions of high speed, high temperature and high pressure in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 3.5-4.2%, Si: 1.0-1.8%, Mn: 0.2-0.3%, P <0.06%, S <0.02%, V: 0.02 to 0.05%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Sn: 0.03 to 0.05%, Sb: 0.004-0.028%, Mg: 0.016-0.022%, RE: 0.005-0.015%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the vermicular cast iron comprises the following steps:
(1) adding pig iron and scrap steel into an induction furnace for melting, measuring the C, Si element content in molten iron after melting, and further adding the pig iron and the scrap steel for fine adjustment to enable the C, Si element content to meet the design requirement;
(2) tapping the molten iron at 1450-1500 ℃, preheating a casting ladle, recording the quality of the molten iron, and then pouring the molten iron into an induction furnace for secondary heating;
(3) weighing electrolytic copper, ferrovanadium, pure tin, a vermiculizer and an inoculant which need to be added;
(4) the creeping inoculation treatment adopts a ladle bottom punching method, and is specifically divided into three layers: the bottom layer is a vermiculizer, the middle layer is an inoculant, and the upper layer is scrap iron; putting a vermiculizer accounting for 0.45-0.70% of the weight of the molten iron and an inoculant accounting for 0.6-0.8% of the weight of the molten iron into a casting ladle, tamping, and then covering scrap iron accounting for 2-3% of the weight of the molten iron on the surfaces of the vermiculizer and the inoculant;
(5) when the temperature of the molten iron is 1250 ℃, adding electrolytic copper and ferrovanadium into an induction furnace for smelting, slagging and slagging off after the temperature is 1400-plus-1450 ℃, ensuring the purity of the molten iron, and discharging after pure tin is added into the molten iron at 1520-plus-1530 ℃;
(6) and (4) detecting the temperature of the molten iron by using a thermocouple after the molten iron is taken out of the furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten iron is 1430 ℃ and 1480 ℃ for pouring.
The particle size of the vermiculizer and the inoculant is 3-15 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention discovers that the heat-conducting property of the vermicular cast iron is reduced along with the increase of the Si element, so that the content of the Si element is greatly reduced, and the heat-conducting property of the vermicular cast iron is deteriorated along with the increase of the Mn element, so that the content of the Mn element is reduced, and meanwhile, the trace elements V and Sb are added, the conventional elements Cu and Sn are adjusted, and the component design is more reasonable. Referring to the RT450 standard in GB/T26655-2011, the strength at room temperature is increased by 5.0%, the thermal conductivity at room temperature is increased by 10.8%, and the thermal conductivity at 400 ℃ is increased by 7.9%.
2. The vermicular cast iron has the advantages that the vermicular cast iron has the vermicular rate of more than 80 percent and the pearlite content of more than 90 percent, and has outstanding mechanical properties.
3. The alloy system of the invention does not add elements such as Mo, Ni and the like with higher cost, has low material cost and is suitable for large-scale use.
4. In the preparation process, the Mg-Ca-RE-Si vermiculizer is adopted, and the addition of the vermiculizer and the inoculant is accurately controlled, so that the stable production of the vermicular cast iron is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of graphite morphology of vermicular cast iron of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of a matrix of vermicular cast iron of example 1;
FIG. 3 is the graphite morphology of vermicular cast iron of example 2;
FIG. 4 is the metallographic structure of the matrix of vermicular cast iron of example 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph of graphite morphology of vermicular cast iron of example 3;
FIG. 6 is the metallographic structure of the matrix of vermicular cast iron of example 3.
Detailed Description
In the implementation process of the invention, the pig iron and the waste steel materials are not limited, and the raw materials meeting the national standard can be selected according to the actual production condition. The pig iron and the scrap steel need to be subjected to rust removal and oil removal treatment before smelting so as to ensure the stability of molten iron components. In the implementation process of the invention, electrolytic copper, pure tin and ferrovanadium are also selected as raw materials, Mg-Ca-Nb-RE-Si alloy is used as a vermiculizer, and 75SiFe is used as an inoculant.
The carbon equivalent CE is calculated by the formula: CE = [ C +0.3(Si + P) +0.4S ], where each element represents a mass percentage of the corresponding element. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the carbon equivalent of the vermicular cast iron is controlled to be 4.30-4.43%.
Example 1: a high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: pig iron, scrap steel, electrolytic copper, ferrovanadium, pure tin, Mg-Ca-Nb-RE-Si vermiculizer and 75SiFe inoculant; and (3) ingredient calculation: the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: c: 4.02%, Si: 1.20%, Mn: 0.23%, P: 0.05%, S: 0.018%, V: 0.024%, Cu: 0.80%, Sn: 0.035%, Sb: 0.009%, Mg: 0.0185%, RE: 0.008% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Smelting and pouring: 84 percent of pig iron and 16 percent of scrap steel are added into a 200kg induction furnace for melting. Measuring the C, Si element content in the molten iron after melting, and further adding pig iron and scrap steel for fine adjustment to ensure that the C, Si element content meets the design requirements.
(2) Tapping at 1450 deg.c, preheating the ladle and recording the quality of molten iron, and secondary heating in an induction furnace.
(3) According to the design of the quality and the components of the molten iron, raw materials, a vermiculizer and an inoculant which need to be added are weighed and added
And (4) adding amount.
(4) The creeping inoculation treatment adopts a ladle bottom punching method, and is specifically divided into three layers: the bottom layer is a vermiculizer, the middle layer is an inoculant, and the upper layer is scrap iron. A vermiculizer accounting for 0.62 percent of the weight of molten iron and an inoculant accounting for 0.69 percent of the weight of the molten iron are placed into a casting ladle and then tamped, and scrap iron accounting for 2.6 percent of the weight of the molten iron is covered on the surfaces of the vermiculizer and the inoculant. The grain size of the vermiculizer inoculant is 5-10 mm.
(5) When the temperature of the molten iron is 1250 ℃, adding electrolytic copper and ferrovanadium into an induction furnace for smelting, slagging and slagging off after the temperature is 1400 plus one year at 1450 ℃, ensuring the purity of the molten iron, and discharging after pure tin is added into the molten iron at 1520 plus one year at 1530 ℃.
(6) And (4) detecting the temperature of the molten iron by using a thermocouple after the molten iron is taken out of the furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten iron is 1430 ℃ and 1480 ℃ for pouring.
FIG. 1 shows the graphite morphology of the vermicular cast iron in example 1, FIG. 2 shows the matrix metallographic structure of the vermicular cast iron in example 1, and the vermicular cast iron has a vermicular cast rate of 88.27% and a pearlite content of 96.15% according to the calculation formula of the vermicular cast rate in GB/T26656-. The tensile strength of the material at room temperature is 488 MPa; the thermal conductivity at room temperature was 42.6 W.m−1·K−1。
Example 2: a high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: pig iron, scrap steel, electrolytic copper, ferrovanadium, pure tin, Mg-Ca-Nb-RE-Si vermiculizer and 75SiFe inoculant; and (3) ingredient calculation: the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: c: 4.05%, Si: 1.18%, Mn: 0.27%, P: 0.04%, S: 0.019%, V: 0.028%, Cu: 0.95%, Sn: 0.032%, Sb: 0.011%, Mg: 0.0195%, RE: 0.006%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. Smelting and pouring: 82% of pig iron and 18% of scrap steel are charged into a 500kg induction furnace and melted. Measuring the C, Si element content in the molten iron after melting, and further adding pig iron and scrap steel for fine adjustment to ensure that the C, Si element content meets the design requirements.
(2) Tapping at 1450 deg.c, preheating the ladle and recording the quality of molten iron, and secondary heating in an induction furnace.
(3) And weighing the raw materials, the vermiculizer and the inoculant to be added according to the quality and the component design of the molten iron.
(4) The creeping inoculation treatment adopts a ladle bottom punching method, and is specifically divided into three layers: the bottom layer is a vermiculizer, the middle layer is an inoculant, and the upper layer is scrap iron. A vermiculizer accounting for 0.68 percent of the weight of molten iron and an inoculant accounting for 0.72 percent of the weight of the molten iron are placed into a casting ladle and then tamped, and scrap iron accounting for 2.5 percent of the weight of the molten iron is covered on the surfaces of the vermiculizer and the inoculant. The grain size of the vermiculizer inoculant is 5-10 mm.
(5) When the temperature of the molten iron is 1250 ℃, adding electrolytic copper and ferrovanadium into an induction furnace for smelting, slagging and slagging off after the temperature is 1400 plus one year at 1450 ℃, ensuring the purity of the molten iron, and discharging after pure tin is added into the molten iron at 1520 plus one year at 1530 ℃.
(6) And (4) detecting the temperature of the molten iron by using a thermocouple after the molten iron is taken out of the furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten iron is 1430 ℃ and 1480 ℃ for pouring.
FIG. 3 shows the graphite morphology of the vermicular cast iron in example 2, FIG. 4 shows the matrix metallographic structure of the vermicular cast iron in example 2, and the vermicular cast iron has a vermicular cast rate of 83.75% and a pearlite content of 92.78% according to the calculation formula of the vermicular cast rate in GB/T26656-. The tensile strength of the material at room temperature is 475 MPa; the thermal conductivity at room temperature was 42.8 W.m−1·K−1。
Example 3: a high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: pig iron, scrap steel, electrolytic copper, ferrovanadium, pure tin, Mg-Ca-Nb-RE-Si vermiculizer and 75SiFe inoculant; and (3) ingredient calculation: the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: c: 3.90%, Si: 1.50%, Mn: 0.26%, P: 0.05%, S: 0.018%, V: 0.026%, Cu: 0.70%, Sn: 0.037 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
sb: 0.015%, Mg: 0.0120%, RE: 0.008% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Smelting and pouring: 80% of pig iron and 20% of scrap steel are charged into a 1000kg induction furnace to be melted. Measuring the C, Si element content in the molten iron after melting, and further adding pig iron and scrap steel for fine adjustment to ensure that the C, Si element content meets the design requirements.
(2) Tapping at 1450 deg.c, preheating the ladle and recording the quality of molten iron, and secondary heating in an induction furnace.
(3) According to the design of the quality and the components of the molten iron, the raw materials, the vermiculizer and the inoculant to be added are weighed, and the weighing errors of all the raw materials are less than 0.005 percent.
(4) The creeping inoculation treatment adopts a ladle bottom punching method, and is specifically divided into three layers: the bottom layer is a vermiculizer, the middle layer is an inoculant, and the upper layer is scrap iron. A vermiculizer accounting for 0.69 percent of the weight of the molten iron and an inoculant accounting for 0.65 percent of the weight of the molten iron are placed into a casting ladle and tamped, and scrap iron accounting for 2.5 percent of the weight of the molten iron is covered on the surfaces of the vermiculizer and the inoculant. The grain size of the vermiculizer inoculant is 10-15 mm.
(5) When the temperature of the molten iron is 1250 ℃, adding electrolytic copper and ferrovanadium into an induction furnace for smelting, slagging and slagging off after the temperature is 1400 plus one year at 1450 ℃, ensuring the purity of the molten iron, and discharging after pure tin is added into the molten iron at 1520 plus one year at 1530 ℃.
(6) And (4) detecting the temperature of the molten iron by using a thermocouple after the molten iron is taken out of the furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten iron is 1430 ℃ and 1480 ℃ for pouring.
FIG. 5 shows the graphite morphology of the vermicular cast iron in example 3, FIG. 6 shows the matrix metallographic structure of the vermicular cast iron in example 3, and according to the calculation formula of the creep rate in GB/T26656-2011, the creep rate of the sample is 86.75%, and the pearlite content is 95.26%. The tensile strength of the material at room temperature is 493 MPa; the thermal conductivity at room temperature was 43.1 W.m−1·K−1。
Table 1 chemical composition of alloy of example (balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, unit wt.%)
TABLE 2 metallographic structure, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity of the alloys of the examples
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular cast iron is characterized in that the high-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular cast iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 3.5-4.2%, Si: 1.0-1.8%, Mn: 0.2-0.3%, P <0.06%, S <0.02%, V: 0.02 to 0.05%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Sn: 0.03 to 0.05%, Sb: 0.004-0.028%, Mg: 0.016-0.022%, RE: 0.005-0.015%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding pig iron and scrap steel into an induction furnace for melting, measuring the C, Si element content in molten iron after melting, and further adding the pig iron and the scrap steel for fine adjustment to enable the C, Si element content to meet the design requirement;
(2) tapping the molten iron at 1450-1500 ℃, preheating a casting ladle, recording the quality of the molten iron, and then pouring the molten iron into an induction furnace for secondary heating;
(3) weighing electrolytic copper, ferrovanadium, pure tin, a vermiculizer and an inoculant which need to be added;
(4) the creeping inoculation treatment adopts a ladle bottom punching method, and is specifically divided into three layers: the bottom layer is a vermiculizer, the middle layer is an inoculant, and the upper layer is scrap iron; putting a vermiculizer accounting for 0.45-0.70% of the weight of the molten iron and an inoculant accounting for 0.6-0.8% of the weight of the molten iron into a casting ladle, tamping, and then covering scrap iron accounting for 2-3% of the weight of the molten iron on the surfaces of the vermiculizer and the inoculant;
(5) when the temperature of the molten iron is 1250 ℃, adding electrolytic copper and ferrovanadium into an induction furnace for smelting, slagging and slagging off after the temperature is 1400-plus-1450 ℃, ensuring the purity of the molten iron, and discharging after pure tin is added into the molten iron at 1520-plus-1530 ℃;
(6) and (4) detecting the temperature of the molten iron by using a thermocouple after the molten iron is taken out of the furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten iron is 1430 ℃ and 1480 ℃ for pouring.
2. The method for preparing high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity vermicular cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the vermiculizer and the inoculant is 3-15 mm.
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