CN104233052A - Chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a braking drum, in particular to a chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum and a preparation method thereof. The chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.5-3.9 percent of carbon, 1.0-1.6 percent of silicon, 0.3-0.6 percent of manganese, 0.10-0.45 percent of chromium, 0.2-0.5 percent of molybdenum, 0.3-0.6 percent of copper, less than 0.05 percent of phosphorus, less than 0.02 percent of S, 0.01-0.04 percent of magnesium, 0.015-0.04 percent of rare earth and the balance of iron. The chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum is high in heat conduction property, high-temperature intensity, high-temperature abrasion resistance and thermal fatigue resistance. The invention also provides a preparation method of the chromium, molybdenum and copper alloy cast iron braking drum. The technology is reasonable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brake drum, be specifically related to compacted iron brake drum of a kind of chromium molybdenum copper alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Brake drum is a strength member in automobile brake system, is the important guarantee of automobile brake perfrmance and security.For heavy-duty car, brake drum requires to run under heavy loads not break, and has longer work-ing life, can be enough to the stopping distance meeting automobile.
According to the application conditions of brake drum, its material must have enough intensity, hardness, wear resistance and thermal fatigue resistance.Wherein thermal fatigue resistance is the main performance index in influence life-span.For a long time, brake drum material is mainly high-strength gray cast iron, develops vermicular cast iron and metal-base composites in recent years.Vermicular cast iron has the intensity higher than gray iron because of it, the thermal conductivity higher than magnesium iron, and making its thermal fatigue resistance better, is a kind of comparatively ideal brake drum material.But the ferritic amount of traditional vermicular cast iron is comparatively large, and hardness is lower, and wear resistance is still not enough, and its pearlitic less stable is in long-term immobilization heating-process of cooling in addition, content of pearlite in alloy reduces, and intensity reduces, and affects its work-ing life.Add the over-all properties that alloying element can improve vermicular cast iron brake drum further.As the preparation method that patent " vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron brake drum and preparation method thereof " (CN102071352) is a kind of typical vermicular cast iron brake drum, but the vanadium titanium iron that this technology needs is main starting material, and V, Ti make machinability obviously reduce, tooling cost increases.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide the compacted iron brake drum of a kind of chromium molybdenum copper alloy, have good thermal conductivity, hot strength, high temperature abrasion resistance and thermal fatigue resistance, the present invention also provides its preparation method, rational technology.
The compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy of the present invention, comprises the chemical composition of following weight ratio:
Carbon 3.5-3.9%, silicon 1.0-1.6%, manganese 0.3-0.6%, chromium 0.10-0.45%, molybdenum 0.2-0.5%, copper 0.3-0.6%, phosphorus <0.05%, S<0.02%, magnesium 0.01-0.04%, rare earth 0.015-0.04%, all the other are iron.
Wherein: rare earth is one or both in lanthanum or cerium.
Carbon is graphite forming element, and C content high being conducive to improves thermal conductivity; But there is flat spot (graphite floatation) in Tai Gaoyi, therefore carbon content should control at 3.5-3.9%.
Silicon is graphitizing element, is conducive to eliminating free cementite; But too high reduction content of pearlite in alloy, reduce intensity and wear resistance, therefore silicone content should control at 1.0-1.6%.
Manganese promotes that perlite is formed, easy segregation, and plasticity reduces.
Chromium improves content of pearlite in alloy, and the cementite in perlite is become containing chromium cementite Fe (Cr)
3c, improves thermostability; If but content is too many, can promote that free cementite is formed, therefore chromium content should control at 0.10-0.45%.
Molybdenum increases and refine pearlite, and improves pearlitic thermostability, and improves wear resistance; But content is too high, production cost can be made to increase, therefore molybdenum content is 0.2-0.5%.
Copper increases content of pearlite in alloy, improves intensity, hardness, and improves wear resistance.
Magnesium and rare earth elements RE suppress flake graphite to be formed, and content is low can generate flake graphite, and the too high meeting of content makes production cost too high, strictly should control content, and magnesium is 0.01-0.04%, and rare earth is 0.015-0.04%.
Sulphur, phosphorus impurities element should reduce its content as far as possible.
The present invention contains the chromium of mass percent 0.10-0.45%, the molybdenum of 0.2-0.5%, the alloying element of the copper of 0.3-0.6%, to increase pearlitic quantity and high-temperature stability.
The preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of described chromium molybdenum copper alloy, comprises the following steps
(1) all raw materials are mixed, in medium-frequency induction furnace melting;
(2) pack processing baking will be poured into a mould, then vermiculizer, nucleating agent and compacted iron filings will be positioned over bag end tamping;
(3) adopt the method that pours the melting liquid after medium-frequency induction furnace melting melting to be poured into the cast pack processing that step (2) obtains and carry out creepage rate and inoculation; Then pour into a mould, obtain brake drum.
Wherein:
Step (1) Raw is magnesium iron, steel scrap, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron and copper coin, and Medium frequency induction furnace temperature is 1480-1530 DEG C.
Vermiculizer adopts rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy, and add-on is the 0.5-1.2% of melting liquid weight;
Rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy is made up of the component of following weight percentage: rare earth 6-8%, magnesium 4-6%, aluminium 2-4%, silicon 40-44%, calcium 1-2%, barium 1-2%, and surplus is iron and impurity.Wherein: rare earth is one or both in lanthanum or cerium.
Nucleating agent adopts ferro-silicon, and add-on is the 0.6-1.2% of melting liquid weight, and wherein 0.4-0.6% is covered on vermiculizer, and rest part adds with stream.
Ferro-silicon is made up of the component of following weight percentage: silicon 70-74%, calcium 0.5-1%, aluminium 1-1.5%, barium 0.1-0.5%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
The add-on of compacted iron filings is the 0.5-1.0% of melting liquid weight.
Step (3) teeming temperature is 1380-1450 DEG C.
The 70-90% of the graphite form of described brake drum is quasiflake graphite, remaining form is globular graphite, matrix perlite 50-70%, the duplex structure of ferrite 50-30%, and iron phosphide eutectic <1%, carbide <3%.
In sum, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) mechanical property of described brake drum: tensile strength 340-410MPa, elongation 1.5-3%, hardness 200-240HBW.
(2) brake drum that the present invention prepares has good thermal conductivity, hot strength, high temperature abrasion resistance and thermal fatigue resistance, adding of Cr, Cu, Mo element, and can effectively improve intensity, hardness and tissue, in addition, high-temperature stability also increases.Be adapted to heavy-load automobile especially, especially frequently occur the heavy-load automobile brake drum needing frequent braking through be everlasting hill path or slope road, braking safety and work-ing life can be increased substantially.
(3) the present invention also provides its preparation method, rational technology.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of brake drum: be configured to following component by weight percentage: carbon 3.8%, silicon 1.2%, manganese 0.4%, chromium 0.25%, molybdenum 0.40%, copper 0.45%, magnesium 0.02%, rare earth (lanthanum, cerium respectively with massfraction be 50%, 50% mixing) 0.02%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Preparation method is as follows: with magnesium iron, steel scrap, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron and copper coin for starting material, all raw materials are mixed, melting in medium-frequency induction furnace, temperature is 1520 DEG C, before coming out of the stove, cast pack processing is toasted at 350 DEG C, then vermiculizer, nucleating agent and compacted iron filings are placed in bag end tamping; Wherein vermiculizer is rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy, and the add-on of vermiculizer is 0.8% of melting liquid quality; Nucleating agent used is ferro-silicon, and its add-on is 0.9% of melting liquid quality, and wherein the nucleating agent of 0.45% is covered on vermiculizer, rest part current-following inoculation.The add-on of compacted iron filings is 0.8% of melting liquid weight.After melting liquid components tests is qualified, adopts the method that pours melting liquid to be poured into cast pack processing and carry out creepage rate and inoculation; Then pour into a mould, teeming temperature is 1400 DEG C, obtains the foundry goods of regulation shape, the sand in foundry goods and the filler sand in sandbox is cleaned out, namely obtains brake drum of the present invention.
Wherein: rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy is rare-earth elements of lanthanum 7.3%, magnesium 4.2%, aluminium 2.3%, silicon 42.6%, calcium 1.8%, barium 1.2%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Ferro-silicon is silicon 72.6%, calcium 0.6%, aluminium 1.1%, barium 0.2%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Obtained by embodiment 1, the metallographic structure of brake drum is: nodulizing rate 75%, perlite 65%, without iron phosphide eutectic and carbide.
Performance test is carried out to brake drum, RuT340 and HT250 prepared by embodiment 1:
Table 1 is the brake drum of embodiment 1 preparation, the change list of RuT340 and HT250 intensity and tissue after different heat treatment technique, table 2 is the brake drum of embodiment 1 preparation, the thermal fatigue property table of RuT340 and HT250, and hot fatigue performance test is 700 DEG C × 5min water-cooled.Other results of property of brake drum prepared by embodiment 1 is in table 3.
Brake drum prepared by table 1 embodiment 1, the change list of RuT340 and HT250 intensity and tissue after thermal treatment process
Brake drum prepared by table 2 embodiment 1, the thermal fatigue property of RuT340 and HT250
Embodiment 2
A kind of brake drum, preparation method is as follows: be configured to following component by weight percentage: carbon 3.5%, silicon 1.6%, manganese 0.3%, chromium 0.45%, molybdenum 0.2%, copper 0.6%, magnesium 0.04%, rare earth (lanthanum) 0.02%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.With magnesium iron, steel scrap, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron and copper coin for starting material, all raw materials are mixed, melting in medium-frequency induction furnace, tapping temperature is 1530 DEG C, before coming out of the stove, cast pack processing is toasted at 350 DEG C, then vermiculizer, nucleating agent and compacted iron filings are placed in bag end tamping; Wherein vermiculizer is rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy, and the add-on of vermiculizer is 0.5% of melting liquid quality; Nucleating agent used is ferro-silicon, and its add-on is 0.6% of melting liquid quality, and wherein the nucleating agent of 0.5% is covered on vermiculizer, rest part current-following inoculation.The add-on of compacted iron filings is 1.0% of melting liquid weight.After melting liquid components tests is qualified, adopts the method that pours melting liquid to be poured into cast pack processing and carry out creepage rate and inoculation; Then pour into a mould, teeming temperature is 1430 DEG C, obtains the foundry goods of regulation shape, the sand in foundry goods and the filler sand in sandbox is cleaned out, namely obtains brake drum of the present invention.
Wherein: rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy is Rare Earth Lanthanum 6%, magnesium 6%, aluminium 2%, silicon 44%, calcium 1%, barium 2%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Ferro-silicon is silicon 70%, calcium 0.5%, aluminium 1.5%, barium 0.5%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Obtained by embodiment 2, the metallographic structure of brake drum is: nodulizing rate 80%, perlite 70%, without iron phosphide eutectic and carbide.
The results of property of brake drum prepared by embodiment 2 is in table 3.
Embodiment 3
A kind of brake drum, preparation method is as follows: be configured to following component by weight percentage: carbon 3.9%, silicon 1.0%, manganese 0.6%, chromium 0.10%, molybdenum 0.5%, copper 0.3%, magnesium 0.01%, rare earth (cerium) 0.02%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
With magnesium iron, steel scrap, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron and copper coin for starting material, all raw materials are mixed, melting in medium-frequency induction furnace, tapping temperature is 1510 DEG C, before coming out of the stove, cast pack processing is toasted at 360 DEG C, then vermiculizer, nucleating agent and compacted iron filings are placed in bag end tamping; Wherein vermiculizer is rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy, and the add-on of vermiculizer is 1.2% of iron liquid quality; Nucleating agent used is ferro-silicon, and its add-on is 1.2% of melting liquid quality, and wherein the nucleating agent of 0.4% is covered on vermiculizer, rest part current-following inoculation.The add-on of compacted iron filings is 0.5% of melting liquid weight.After melting liquid components tests is qualified, adopts the method that pours melting liquid to be poured into cast pack processing and carry out creepage rate and inoculation; Then pour into a mould, teeming temperature is 1380 DEG C, obtains the foundry goods of regulation shape, the sand in foundry goods and the filler sand in sandbox is cleaned out, namely obtains brake drum of the present invention.
Wherein: rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy is cerium 8%, magnesium 4%, aluminium 4%, silicon 40%, calcium 2%, barium 1%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Ferro-silicon is silicon 74%, calcium 1%, aluminium 1%, barium 0.1%, and surplus is iron and impurity.
Obtained by embodiment 3, the metallographic structure of brake drum is: nodulizing rate 65%, matrix perlite 75%.
The results of property of brake drum prepared by embodiment 3 is in table 3.
The performance table of table 3 brake drum obtained by embodiment 1-3:
Table 3 embodiment 1-3 obtains the results of property of brake drum
Claims (10)
1. the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy, is characterized in that: the chemical composition comprising following weight ratio:
Carbon 3.5-3.9%, silicon 1.0-1.6%, manganese 0.3-0.6%, chromium 0.10-0.45%, molybdenum 0.2-0.5%, copper 0.3-0.6%, phosphorus <0.05%, S<0.02%, magnesium 0.01-0.04%, rare earth 0.015-0.04%, all the other are iron.
2. the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: rare earth is one or both in lanthanum or cerium.
3. a preparation method for the compacted iron brake drum of the chromium molybdenum copper alloy described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) all raw materials are mixed, in medium-frequency induction furnace melting;
(2) pack processing baking will be poured into a mould, then vermiculizer, nucleating agent and compacted iron filings will be positioned over bag end tamping;
(3) adopt the method that pours the melting liquid after medium-frequency induction furnace melting melting to be poured into the cast pack processing that step (2) obtains and carry out creepage rate and inoculation; Then pour into a mould, obtain brake drum.
4. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: step (1) Raw is magnesium iron, steel scrap, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron and copper coin, Medium frequency induction furnace temperature is 1480-1530 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: vermiculizer adopts rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy, and add-on is the 0.5-1.2% of melting liquid weight.
6. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: rare earth magnesium aluminium alloy is made up of the component of following weight percentage: rare earth 6-8%, magnesium 4-6%, aluminium 2-4%, silicon 40-44%, calcium 1-2%, barium 1-2%, surplus is iron and impurity.
7. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: nucleating agent adopts ferro-silicon, add-on is the 0.6-1.2% of melting liquid weight, and wherein 0.4-0.6% is covered on vermiculizer, and rest part adds with stream.
8. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: ferro-silicon is made up of the component of following weight percentage: silicon 70-74%, calcium 0.5-1%, aluminium 1-1.5%, barium 0.1-0.5%, surplus is iron and impurity.
9. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the add-on of compacted iron filings is the 0.5-1.0% of melting liquid weight.
10. the preparation method of the compacted iron brake drum of chromium molybdenum copper alloy according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the 70-90% of the graphite form of described brake drum is quasiflake graphite, remaining form is globular graphite, matrix perlite 50-70%, the duplex structure of ferrite 50-30%, and iron phosphide eutectic <1%, carbide <3%.
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| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN105568123A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-11 | 青特集团有限公司 | Manufacturing method of vermicular graphite cast-iron brake drum |
| CN106929750A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-07-07 | 山东宏马工程机械有限公司 | Compacted iron brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN107099733A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-08-29 | 山东宏马工程机械有限公司 | It is anti-to be split up truck brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN107245638A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-13 | 芜湖诚拓汽车零部件有限公司 | Engine bearing lid and preparation method thereof |
| CN108220751A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-29 | 广东富华铸锻有限公司 | The manufacturing method and brake drum of a kind of brake drum |
| CN109338207A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-15 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of heavy duty diesel engine Vermicular Iron Cylinder Head material and its preparation process |
| CN110894582A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-20 | 西安工业大学 | High-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN111621693A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-04 | 四川赢信汇通实业有限公司 | Molybdenum-titanium alloy brake drum and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN105568123A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-11 | 青特集团有限公司 | Manufacturing method of vermicular graphite cast-iron brake drum |
| CN106929750A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-07-07 | 山东宏马工程机械有限公司 | Compacted iron brake drum and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106929750B (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2018-12-28 | 山东宏马工程机械有限公司 | Compacted iron brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN107245638A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-13 | 芜湖诚拓汽车零部件有限公司 | Engine bearing lid and preparation method thereof |
| CN108220751A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-29 | 广东富华铸锻有限公司 | The manufacturing method and brake drum of a kind of brake drum |
| CN109338207A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-15 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of heavy duty diesel engine Vermicular Iron Cylinder Head material and its preparation process |
| CN110894582A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-20 | 西安工业大学 | High-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN110894582B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-01-05 | 西安工业大学 | High-strength and high-heat-conductivity vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN111621693A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-04 | 四川赢信汇通实业有限公司 | Molybdenum-titanium alloy brake drum and preparation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: Cr Mo Cu alloy vermicular iron brake drum and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20220927 Granted publication date: 20160831 Pledgee: Zibo Boshan District sub branch of Postal Savings Bank of China Pledgor: SHANDONG HONGMA ENGINEERING MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980016427 |