CN103981434B - A kind of preparation method of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 16
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Fe] MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910004072 SiFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphide Chemical compound P.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is a kind of method utilizing middle frequency furnace, produced high tough ductile cast iron casting by the starting material smelting iron liquid such as the pig iron, steel scrap selecting sulfur-bearing, phosphorus and manganese amount low, mainly comprises chemical composition design, furnace charge selects and intermediate frequency furnace melting, nodulizing agent selection and nodulizing process, nucleating agent selection and inoculation treating method etc.Present method does not need thermal treatment and desulfurization process, and operation is few, adopts green sand production line to manufacture QT600-10 foundry goods, higher than sand faced cast iron mould process efficiency, cost is low; High, the plasticity of spheroidal graphite cast iron intensity of producing and good toughness, can be used for the component such as automobile, tractor chassis transmission shaft, rear axle housing body, differential carrier, support.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to a kind of method utilizing middle frequency furnace to prepare high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, particularly a kind of preparation method of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron.
Background technology:
Spheroidal graphite cast iron manufactures and the advantage of economic aspect because of it, the over-all properties that to have that intensity is higher, good toughness, wear resisting property are good etc. excellent simultaneously, replace carbon steel, steel alloy etc. as a kind of excellent engineering materials with it, be widely used in I. C. engine crankshaft, gear, connecting rod, housing, and on the important spare part such as cast tube.
Along with improving constantly of engine power, more and more higher to the performance requriements of relevant device, part, some parts worked under the particular surroundingss such as high speed, high pressure, high temperature, heavy duty, corrosion, often because it is quick or abnormal damage makes whole equipment scrapping, cause huge loss.Traditional automobile, tractor chassis transmission shaft, rear axle housing body, differential carrier, support etc., mainly adopt QT450-10 or QT600-3 at home, abroad as Russia adopts QT500-7 more.Along with improving constantly of power, in power train process, particularly when speed change and brake, owing to bearing the effect of strong moment of torsion and revolution fatigue stress, still adopt the ductile iron material assembling low power QT450-10, QT600-3 or QT500-7 standard brand, easily there is cracking phenomena in related components, takes into account high toughness plasticity while therefore improving these component strengths of materials, seems very necessary.
At present, every country adopting by equivalent international standard ISO1083-87 (spheroidal graphite cast iron classification), conventional has: QT400-18, QT450-10, QT500-7, QT600-3, QT700-2 etc., planet carrier and the performance requriements of cone driving support seat to material of certain big-power tractor drive axle have exceeded this standard.Its difficult point is: while requiring high strength (tensile strength is not less than 600MPa), also require high toughness plasticity (elongation is not less than 10%), meet high strength and high tenacity simultaneously, usual need carry out the methods such as appropriate heat treatment (as isothermal quenching) and just can reach, therefore, under as-cast condition, very large difficulty is had.
The report of domestic and international similar research application is little.2007/6 modern cast iron discloses the piston on the cylindrical diesel pile driver of Guangzhou Diesel Engine Factory's production, its as-cast characteristic requires to reach QT600-10, adopt following technical measures: (1) adopts cupola furnace electric furnace double melting, and nitrogen blowing stirring desulphurization, guarantees original iron melt w (S
former)≤0.020%; (2) sand faced cast iron mould process is adopted, and suitably control w (Mg) and w (RE) content, to obtain higher Oxygen potential; (3) adopt containing copper nodularizer, and intensive inoculation, to obtain appropriate perlite and ratio of ferrite.Mining machinery the 34th volume the 4th phase in 2006, open Zhengzhou University investigator adopted the melting technology of cupola furnace and electric furnace duplex, and carried out secondary desulfuration process and successfully produce the tough spheroidal graphite cast iron of QT600-10 height.But the method for this two place report all will adopt desulfurization process, and operation is comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention:
In sum, in order to overcome the deficiency of prior art problem, the invention provides and a kind ofly utilize middle frequency furnace, by selecting the starting material such as low-sulfur pig iron, steel scrap smelting iron liquid to produce the method for high tough ductile cast iron casting, mainly comprising chemical composition design, furnace charge selects and intermediate frequency furnace melting, nodulizing agent selects and nodulizing process, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation treating method etc.Present method does not need thermal treatment and desulfurization process, and operation is few, adopts green sand production line to manufacture QT600-10 foundry goods, higher than sand faced cast iron mould process efficiency, cost is low; High, the plasticity of spheroidal graphite cast iron intensity of producing and good toughness, can be used for the component such as automobile, tractor chassis transmission shaft, rear axle housing body, differential carrier, support.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, the mass percent of its material chemical composition is:
C:3.60% ~ 3.80%, Si:2.50% ~ 2.80%, Mn:0.30% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.030% ~ 0.050%, RE:0.020% ~ 0.040%, Cu:0.50% ~ 0.70%, surplus is Fe.
A preparation method for high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprises the following steps:
The first step, chemical composition design, the final chemical composition of material is by mass percentage:
C:3.60% ~ 3.80%, Si:2.50% ~ 2.80%, Mn:0.30% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.030% ~ 0.050%, RE:0.020% ~ 0.040%, Cu:0.50% ~ 0.70%, surplus is Fe;
Second step, furnace charge are selected and intermediate frequency furnace melting: adopt medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the batching Chemical Composition of stokehold original iron melt is C:3.60% ~ 3.80%, Si:1.00% ~ 1.60%, Mn :≤0.20%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.03%, surplus is Fe; Select sulfur-bearing, phosphorus, the pig iron, steel scrap and foundry returns that manganese amount is low, there is no desulfurization process, proportioning (mass percent) is: Sheng Tie ︰ Fei Gang ︰ foundry returns=30% ~ 60% ︰ 10% ~ 30% ︰ surplus foundry returns, load weighted furnace charge is added melting in stove, ensure original iron melt chemical composition before treatment requirement, iron liquid tapping temperature 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C; Adopt the spheroidizing of lid bag, nodulizing agent add-on presses 1.0% of iron clad liquid weight, and adopt and pour method, nodulizing agent add-on is generally 1.2% ~ 1.4% or higher;
3rd step, nodulizing agent are selected and nodulizing process: nodulizing agent adopts FeSiRE3Mg8 nodulizing agent, wherein containing Ca2.5% ~ 3.5%, and MgO≤0.7%; Nodulizing process adopts lid bag method to carry out spheroidizing;
4th step, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation: adopt late inoculation: first, the WL nucleating agent of baric 4% ~ 6% is adopted in hot metal ladle, add-on is 0.2% ~ 0.25%, granularity is 3 ~ 10mm, all the other supplement silicon amount for 75SiFe nucleating agent, to ensure the final silicone content of material, add ferromanganese and the electrolytic copper of the final chemical composition requirement of material simultaneously; Secondary current-following inoculation adopts 75SiFe nucleating agent, and add-on is 0.1%, granularity 0.5 ~ 1.5mm; Teeming temperature is 1340 ~ 1380 DEG C, pours into a mould keel block while production line pouring cast part;
After testing, spheroidization of graphite rank 1 ~ 3 grade, matrix is 40% ~ 60% ferrite+perlite to the spheroidal graphite cast iron that 5th step, melting obtain, tensile strength >=600MPa, elongation >=10.0%, hardness 190 ~ 250HB.
Further, the described pig iron is sulfur-bearing, phosphorus, Q10 or the Q12 pig iron that manganese amount is low.
Suitable chemical composition is the prerequisite ensureing to produce premium properties foundry goods.Obtain the method for as cast condition high intensity and high ductility plasticity mixed matrix magnesium iron and pearlite matrix and ferrite matrix spheroid and have obvious difference, perlite suitable in matrix and ferrite content to be ensured when chemical composition is selected, the content of usually looking younger most is not less than 30%, particularly there is a certain amount of ferrite (being advisable 40% ~ 60%), to ensure higher toughness plasticity, carry out alloying on this basis, as added a certain amount of Cu, Mn, and higher Si strengthens ferrite, thus obtain higher intensity.
The chemical composition effect of selecting in the present invention is as follows:
Carbon and silicon: when manufacturing spheroidal graphite cast iron, spheroidizing is carried out owing to adding nodulizing agent, eutectic point in phasor is made to move to right to carbon equivalent 4.6% ~ 4.8% or higher, for the casting manufacturability kept, improve the mobility of iron liquid, reduce the shrinkage defect of chilling tendency and foundry goods, carbon amounts is usually much higher than graphitic cast iron; But carbon amounts also can not be too high, the too high easy generation carbon floatage of carbon, reduces mechanical castings.Therefore carbon is controlled to be 3.60% ~ 3.80%.Silicon promotes greying, plays inoculation(effect), reduces chilling tendency, element segregation and crystallization super cooling tendency in spheroidizing process; Silicon is when certain limit, and silicon amount increases, and in matrix, ferrite content increases, and perlite reduces, and the toughness plasticity of spheroidal graphite cast iron increases, but after silicon is increased to certain content, significantly improves magnesium iron ductil-brittle transition temperature; The span of control of Si amount is 2.50% ~ 2.80%.
Manganese: stabilizing pearlite element, a part of manganese can dissolve in ferrite and improve spheroidal graphite cast iron intensity and hardness, but reduces its plasticity and toughness; Form a small amount of carbide segregation simultaneously on crystal boundary, reduce the mechanical property of foundry goods; Therefore, manganese amount is controlled to be 0.30% ~ 0.50%.
Sulphur: sulphur and nodularization element magnesium and rare earth element have very strong chemical combination ability, generates sulfide or oxysulfide, not only consumes nodulizing agent, makes nodularization effect unstable, and the inclusion generated significantly reduces the intensity of magnesium iron, plasticity and toughness; Control original iron melt S≤0.030%, S≤0.020% after nodularization, to ensure spheroidizing quality.
Phosphorus: when phosphorus content is too high, easy segregation forms iron phosphide eutectic in eutectic cell border, reduces the intensity of magnesium iron, plasticity and toughness; Control P≤0.06% or lower.
Magnesium and rare earth: magnesium and rare earth have spheroidization, the pure magnesium of external employing mostly produces spheroidal graphite cast iron, China adopts rare earth magnesium nodularizer to produce magnesium iron usually, wherein magnesium plays main spheroidization, but the activity of magnesium is very strong, the iron liquid reaction of pure magnesium process is violent, adds splash phenomena when a certain amount of rare earth can reduce iron liquid spheroidizing reacion, rare earth also plays auxiliary spheroidization, and plays the effect of purifying molten iron, anti-nodularization interference element.But after content of rare earth exceedes certain numerical value, graphite shape can be damaged, produce graphite morphology; When rare earth content residual in iron liquid increases, nodulizing grade is deteriorated gradually, and tensile strength and toughness also reduce gradually; The residual quantity of magnesium and rare earth controls as Mg0.030% ~ 0.050%, RE0.020% ~ 0.040%.
Copper: promote eutectic graphite, the formation of free cementite can be reduced or eliminated; When eutectoid transformation, promote the formation of matrix Medium pearlite, reduce ferrite content; Along with the increase of copper amount, spheroidal graphite cast iron tensile strength increases, but elongation declines to some extent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The tough spheroidal graphite cast iron tensile strength of height of preparation is greater than 600MPa, elongation is greater than 10%, performance index exceed international standard and Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS), for component such as the drive axle such as automobile, tractor chassis, can prevent from using traditional material to increase the foundry goods breakage problem caused because of automobile, tractor equipower.Present method does not need thermal treatment and desulfurization process, and operation is few, adopts green sand production line to manufacture QT600-10 foundry goods, higher than sand faced cast iron mould process efficiency, cost is low; Lid bag nodulizing process good airproof performance, in spheroidizing reacion process, pours nodularization element oxide scaling loss compared with method nodularization reduce with common, specific absorption improves, and nodulizing agent consumption is few, and magnesium light and smog obviously reduce, discharge amount of pollution is few, improves production operation environment; Current-following inoculation treatment effect is reliable and stable, and innoculant adding quantity is few, and material cost significantly reduces, and applies and will have larger economic results in society.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure photo of the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 2 is the stretching fracture stereoscan photograph of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1 (the present embodiment adopts 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid)
A preparation method for high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprises the following steps:
The first step, chemical composition design, material gets C:3.63% by mass percentage, Si:2.59%, Mn:0.42%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.041%, RE:0.025%, Cu:0.62%, and surplus is Fe;
Second step, furnace charge are selected and intermediate frequency furnace melting: adopt 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the furnace charge of Sheng Tie ︰ Fei Gang ︰ foundry returns=30% ︰ 30% ︰ 40% adds melting in stove by mass percentage, ensure original iron melt chemical composition before treatment requirement, owing to adopting the spheroidizing of lid bag, bonded hard ferrite magnet reduces less, and tapping temperature controls at 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C;
3rd step, nodulizing agent are selected and nodulizing process: adopt the spheroidizing of lid bag, nodulizing agent add-on presses 1.0% of iron clad liquid weight, add ferromanganese and the electrolytic copper of component requirements after stove simultaneously; Nodulizing agent adopts FeSiRE3Mg8 nodulizing agent, wherein containing 2.5% ~ 3.5%Ca, MgO≤0.7%; Nodulizing process adopts lid bag method to carry out spheroidizing; Most domestic factory selects containing the high nodulizing agent of rare earth content as FeSiRE7Mg8, and foundry goods chilling tendency is large, easily occurs free carbide, also easily occurs inclusion, reduces mechanical castings; Nodulizing process is very large on the impact of magnesium iron structure property, and domestic many employings are poured method and carried out spheroidizing, and not only smog is large, and nodulizing agent consumption is large, and the Alloy Affecting Ductile Properties manufactured is lower;
4th step, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation: adopt late inoculation mode: i.e. the 75SiFe nucleating agent secondary current-following inoculation of once the breeding of WL nucleating agent and 75SiFe nucleating agent+granularity 0.5 ~ 1.5mm; Teeming temperature is 1340 ~ 1380 DEG C, pours into a mould keel block while production line pouring cast part;
After testing, spheroidization of graphite rank 2 grades, matrix is 40% ferrite+60% perlite to the spheroidal graphite cast iron that 5th step, melting obtain, tensile strength 656MPa, elongation 11.6%, hardness 219HB.
Embodiment 2 (the present embodiment adopts 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid)
A preparation method for high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprises the following steps:
The first step, chemical composition design, material is got by mass percentage: C:3.65%, Si:2.58%, Mn:0.31%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.046%, RE:0.023%, Cu:0.51%, and surplus is Fe;
Second step, furnace charge are selected and intermediate frequency furnace melting: adopt 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the furnace charge of Sheng Tie ︰ Fei Gang ︰ foundry returns=60% ︰ 10% ︰ 30% adds melting in stove by mass percentage, ensure original iron melt chemical composition before treatment requirement, iron liquid tapping temperature controls at 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C;
3rd step, nodulizing agent are selected and nodulizing process: nodulizing agent adopts FeSiRE3Mg8 nodulizing agent, wherein containing 2.5% ~ 3.5%Ca, MgO≤0.7%; Adopt the spheroidizing of lid bag, nodulizing agent add-on presses 1.0% of iron clad liquid weight;
4th step, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation, adopt late inoculation mode: namely WL nucleating agent and 75SiFe nucleating agent once breed+75%SiFe nucleating agent secondary current-following inoculation; Teeming temperature is 1340 ~ 1380 DEG C, pours into a mould keel block while production line pouring cast part;
The spheroidal graphite cast iron that 5th step, melting obtain after testing, spheroidization of graphite rank 2 grades, matrix is about 45% ferrite+55% perlite, see the metallographic structure photo of Fig. 1, tensile strength 625.6MPa, elongation 10.8%, hardness 197HB; See the stretching fracture stereoscan photograph of Fig. 2, main manifestations is ductile rupture, and there is a small amount of cleavage river pattern bottom right, and dimple is more and darker.
Embodiment 3 (the present embodiment adopts 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid)
A preparation method for high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprises the following steps:
The first step, chemical composition design, material is got by mass percentage: C:3.72%, Si:2.55%, Mn:0.39%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.044%, RE:0.034%, Cu:0.50%, and surplus is Fe;
Second step, furnace charge are selected and intermediate frequency furnace melting: adopt 3t medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the pig iron by mass percentage: steel scrap: the furnace charge of foundry returns=40% ︰ 20% ︰ 40% adds melting in stove, ensure original iron melt chemical composition before treatment requirement, iron liquid tapping temperature 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C;
3rd step, nodulizing agent are selected and nodulizing process: nodulizing agent adopts FeSiRE3Mg8 nodulizing agent, wherein containing 2.5% ~ 3.5%Ca, MgO≤0.7%; Adopt the spheroidizing of lid bag, nodulizing agent add-on presses 1.0% of iron clad liquid weight;
4th step, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation: adopt late inoculation mode: namely WL nucleating agent and 75SiFe nucleating agent once breed+75SiFe nucleating agent secondary current-following inoculation; Teeming temperature is 1340 ~ 1380 DEG C, pours into a mould keel block while production line pouring cast part;
After testing, spheroidization of graphite rank 2 grades, matrix is 60% ferrite+40% perlite to the spheroidal graphite cast iron that 5th step, melting obtain, tensile strength 637.4MPa, elongation 11.0%, hardness 209HB.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, chemical composition design, the final chemical composition of material is by mass percentage:
C:3.60% ~ 3.80%, Si:2.50% ~ 2.80%
,mn:0.30% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Mg:0.030% ~ 0.050%, RE:0.020% ~ 0.040%, Cu:0.50% ~ 0.70%, surplus is Fe;
Second step, furnace charge are selected and intermediate frequency furnace melting: adopt medium-frequency induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the batching Chemical Composition of stokehold original iron melt is C:3.60% ~ 3.80%, Si:1.00% ~ 1.60%
,mn :≤0.20%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, surplus is Fe; Select sulfur-bearing, phosphorus, the pig iron, steel scrap and foundry returns that manganese amount is low, there is no desulfurization process, proportioning is Sheng Tie ︰ Fei Gang ︰ foundry returns=30 ~ 60 ︰ 10 ~ 30 ︰ surplus foundry returns by mass percentage, load weighted furnace charge is added melting in stove, ensure original iron melt chemical composition before treatment requirement, iron liquid tapping temperature 1450 ~ 1480 DEG C; Adopt the spheroidizing of lid bag, nodulizing agent add-on presses 1.0% of iron clad liquid weight, and adopt and pour method, nodulizing agent add-on is generally 1.2% ~ 1.4% or higher;
3rd step, nodulizing agent are selected and nodulizing process: nodulizing agent adopts FeSiRE3Mg8 nodulizing agent, wherein containing Ca2.5% ~ 3.5%, and MgO≤0.7%; Nodulizing process adopts lid bag method to carry out spheroidizing;
4th step, nucleating agent are selected and inoculation: adopt late inoculation: first, the WL nucleating agent of baric 4% ~ 6% is adopted in hot metal ladle, add-on is 0.2% ~ 0.25%, granularity is 3 ~ 10mm, all the other supplement silicon amount for 75SiFe nucleating agent, add ferromanganese and electrolytic copper that the final chemical composition of material requires simultaneously; Secondary current-following inoculation adopts 75SiFe nucleating agent, and add-on is 0.1%, granularity 0.5 ~ 1.5mm; Teeming temperature is 1340 ~ 1380 DEG C, pours into a mould keel block while production line pouring cast part;
After testing, spheroidization of graphite rank 1 ~ 3 grade, matrix is 40% ~ 60% ferrite to the spheroidal graphite cast iron that 5th step, melting obtain, and surplus is perlite, tensile strength >=600MPa, elongation >=10.0%, hardness 190 ~ 250HB.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high tough spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described pig iron is sulfur-bearing, phosphorus, Q10 or the Q12 pig iron that manganese amount is low.
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