CN109900724A - A kind of crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar - Google Patents
A kind of crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109900724A CN109900724A CN201910337005.6A CN201910337005A CN109900724A CN 109900724 A CN109900724 A CN 109900724A CN 201910337005 A CN201910337005 A CN 201910337005A CN 109900724 A CN109900724 A CN 109900724A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crop
- microwave
- unit
- signal
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012625 in-situ measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001057636 Dracaena deremensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100136092 Drosophila melanogaster peng gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of crop water in-situ monitoring devices and method based on microwave ground radar, belong to technical field of microwave application, the present invention receives Integrative Radar sensor using cavity frequency mixing technique design Microwave emission, surface layer interference is weakened by the radar emission mode parallel with earth's surface, reflection signal is generated after microwave and crop interaction, transmitted wave and back wave are in space overlapping formation space standing wave, period profile is presented in energy, correlative study shows, when phase change is related to the moisture content of crop and growthform for standing wave, therefore spatial microwave standing wave is continuously measured using above-mentioned apparatus microwave probe, it establishes inversion formula and can realize and make water content of matter real-time measurement.Measuring device of the invention crop plant moisture content can be carried out quickly, nondestructive measurement in situ, make measurement result not by crop growing state, planting density, earth's surface are aqueous and rise and fall etc., and factors are influenced, be particularly suitable for modern agriculture field Precision management scene.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of microwave application, and in particular to a kind of crop water based on microwave ground radar is in situ
Monitoring device and method.
Background technique
Moisture content is important plant growth information, plant be in for a long time water deficit state can slow down photosynthetic rate and
Transpiration rate causes slow growth, plant height to reduce, yield decline.Traditional unified irrigation method cannot be planted for specific crop
The different situations of strain moisture are precisely controlled, and water utilization rate is low.Therefore, crop moisture shape during the growth process is realized
The fast and effective monitoring of state, it is significant to arid prevention, irrigation management and production forecast.
Currently, the method for real-time measurement of crop plant moisture content mainly include heat balance method of, dye method, thermocouple method,
Peng Manmengtesifa, spectroscopic methodology, Method of Dielectric Coefficient etc..In general, the crop water status monitoring speed based on form it is fast but
Error is larger, not prompt enough to crop critical period short-term moisture reacting condition；Measurement method precision based on physical signs is high,
But it is destructive sampling random measurement mostly, is unable to get the continuous growth result of crop, it is difficult to push away in the automation equipment of crop field
Wide application.
Microwave Detecting Technology realizes the survey of substance moisture content using the high-frequency dielectric performance and dry qualitative difference of hydrous matter
Amount.Since the penetrability of microwave is strong, so measurement result represents the overall distribution situation of region moisture.Based on These characteristics,
Spatial microwave wave technology is widely used in long-range remote sensing and ground monitoring on crops measure, and long-range remote sensing technique application is in area
Domain measurement, it is more difficult to realize the monitoring to the specific crop growthing state in part；Ground radar remote sensing by field set up transmitting and
Reception device, measurement reflection or parameters, the inverting such as the energy attenuation of transmission microwave and phase change obtain vegetation and soil information.
Although remote sensing of vegetation technical application is extensive, related specific region crop plant moisture state in situ measurement has
Efficacious prescriptions method is seldom, and reason is that there are many disturbing factor when the radar crop measurement model object inversion generallyd use at present, micro-
Wave reflection is influenced by the factors such as fluctuating quantity of crop pattern density degree, soil moisture content, surface layer, in these factors
Under collective effect, the accurate effective information for extracting the variation of crop plant inner aqueous rate is difficult.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing defects the prior art has, it is the effective accuracy for improving the in situ measurement of crop plant moisture, reduces
Extraneous factor interference, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar and
Method receives Integrative Radar sensor using cavity frequency mixing technique design Microwave emission, passes through the radar spoke parallel with earth's surface
The mode of penetrating weakens surface layer interference, according to the energy and phase change of space moving standing wave, inverting crop layer moisture distribution.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar, including sensor stand 1, power supply unit 2,
Temperature monitoring unit 3, servo motor unit 4, lead screw guide rails unit 5, sliding platform 6, microwave probe 7, signaling control unit 8,
Tested crop 9；Wherein, the sensor stand 1 is perpendicularly fixed on the earth, and power supply unit 2 is fixedly installed in sensor
On bracket 1, required d. c. voltage signal is provided for system each unit through the output of internal transformation；Temperature monitoring unit 3, signal control
Unit 8 processed is fixedly installed on sensor stand 1, temperature signal line and 8 phase of signaling control unit of temperature monitoring unit 3
Even；Servo motor unit 4 with lead screw guide rails unit 5 is horizontal is installed on sensor stand 1, and keep horizontal with ground, servo
The motor signal line of electric motor units 4 is connected with signaling control unit 8, when there is control signal input, by servo motor unit 4
Motor converts electrical energy into kinetic energy, the ball screw turns of traction table lead screw rail unit 5；Sliding platform 6 is installed on lead screw and leads
On rail unit 5, with the rotation of ball-screw, sliding platform 6 can be moved freely along linear guide level；Microwave probe
7 are fixedly installed in the top of sliding platform 6, radiate microwave signal towards tested 9 direction of crop, measurement Shi Buyu crop directly connects
Touching, is exported by the measuring signal that microwave probe 7 exports to signaling control unit 8；Signaling control unit 8 is to servo motor unit 4
It is controlled, and acquires the measurement output signal of microwave probe 7 and temperature monitoring unit 3, carry out corresponding calculation process conversion
For aqueous rate score, by wireless module by data back to control centre.
Further, the microwave probe 7 is made of microwave cavity oscillator, frequency mixer and electromagnetic horn, microwave letter
Number by microwave cavity oscillator generate by electromagnetic horn towards crop carry out actinometry, while electromagnetic horn reception be reflected back
Wave signal carries out detection through frequency mixer and exports d. c. voltage signal, and the frequency of microwave cavity oscillator is 3~26GHz, power model
It encloses for 5~30mw, direct energizing voltages are 5~24V；Electromagnetic horn uses pyramid or cone, and actual gain is not less than 15dB.
Further, the lead screw guide rails unit 5, by being located in the middle ball-screw, positioned at the linear guide of two sides
Composition.
Further, effective sliding distance of the sliding platform 6 on lead screw guide rails unit 5 should be greater than 1 microwave
Operation wavelength guarantees that microwave probe 7 can obtain the measuring signal of a complete cycle.
Further, 7 electromagnetic horn of microwave probe installation vertical height is be measured plant height Hc 1/2,
It is measured positioned at crop intermediate region, when 7 level of microwave probe is slid into close to crop one end, electromagnetic horn port and crop
Horizontal distance be plant height Hc 1/2.
Further, the power supply unit 2 is made of solar panel, battery and voltage control module, can
It automatically controls and switches the power supply of solar powered and battery, realize system continuous work round the clock.
Further, the signaling control unit 8 includes A/D converter, single-chip microcontroller Operations Analysis, motor driven
Module and wireless transport module；Wherein, A/D converter, which is realized, is converted to digital signal for the analog signal of sensor measurement, single
Piece machine Operations Analysis realizes digital signal acquiring, internal arithmetic processing, the control of motor drive module and wireless transmission mould
The control function of block.
Further, the tested crop 9 is the field crop of the artificial growths such as corn, sorghum, beans, planting density
Uniformly, growing way is unified.
A kind of crop measurement of water ratio of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar of the invention is former
Reason is described as follows:
Reflection signal, transmitted wave and back wave is generated after microwave and crop interaction to stay in space overlapping formation space
Period profile is presented in wave, energy, and correlative study shows the moisture content and growthform phase of standing wave when phase change and crop
It closes, therefore spatial microwave standing wave is continuously measured using above-mentioned apparatus microwave probe, crop can be realized by establishing inversion formula
Moisture content real-time measurement.
A kind of crop water in-situ measuring method based on microwave ground radar, the specific steps are as follows:
S1, measuring device initialization；
Sliding platform 6 is set to be moved to one end of lead screw guide rails by the rotation of servo motor unit 4, microwave probe 7 connects at this time
Closely tested crop 9 prepares measurement；Wherein, the vertical height of microwave probe 7 is be measured plant height Hc 1/2, is located at crop
Intermediate region measures, and the horizontal distance of microwave probe 7 and crop is the 1/2 of plant height Hc；
S2, spatial microwave wave signal continuously measure
Servo motor unit 4 is controlled by signaling control unit 8 to rotate, and so that microwave probe 7 is gradually distance from crop movement, with this
Synchronous signal control unit 8 carries out continuous acquisition, microwave probe letter to the moving distance Z and output voltage signal V of microwave probe 7
Number output be in cyclically-varying, recording voltage maximum value Vmax, minimum value Vmin and minimum are compared by signaling control unit 8
The corresponding microwave probe moving distance Zm of value, calculates voltage standing wave ratio Sc=Vmax/Vmin；
S3, environment temperature synchronous acquisition
While microwave probe 7 measures, signaling control unit 8 controls temperature monitoring unit 3 and acquires environment temperature T；
S4, crop plant moisture content operation
Crop plant moisture content Mc is transported according to the following formula by 8 inside single chip control unit of signaling control unit
It calculates:
Wherein: ρ c is the planting density of tested crop 9, indicates the strain number of institute's long-term cropping in unit area, HCIt is tested
The average plant height of crop, DCThe diameter of the useful space growth district of crop is tested for single plant, Sc is microwave probe voltage standing wave(VSW)
Than Zm is microwave probe moving distance corresponding to minimum value, and T is environment temperature；K, a0, b0 are fitting coefficient, are made when tested
After object 9 specifically determines, fitting coefficient is constant, can be exported by measuring the microwave probe signal of known aqueous rate crop in advance
It is back-calculated to obtain.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Measuring device of the invention can carry out nondestructive measurement quick, in situ to crop plant moisture content, make measurement result
Not by crop growing state, planting density, earth's surface are aqueous and the factors such as rise and fall are influenced, and the apparatus structure is simple, and stability is strong, Neng Goushi
Now automatic, continuous data monitoring and operation output, are particularly suitable for modern agriculture field Precision management scene.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the signal output and change in location relational graph of microwave probe of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the signaling control unit of apparatus of the present invention.
In figure: sensor stand 1, power supply unit 2, temperature monitoring unit 3, servo motor unit 4, lead screw guide rails unit 5,
Sliding platform 6, microwave probe 7, signaling control unit 8, tested crop 9.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on ground radar, including sensor stand 1, power supply
Unit 2, temperature monitoring unit 3, servo motor unit 4, lead screw guide rails unit 5, sliding platform 6, microwave probe 7, signal control
Unit 8, tested crop 9；Wherein, the sensor stand 1 is perpendicularly fixed on the earth, and power supply unit 2 is fixedly installed in
It is d. c. voltage signal needed for system each unit through the output of internal transformation on sensor stand 1；Temperature monitoring unit 3, signal
Control unit 8 is fixedly installed in respectively on sensor stand 1, the temperature signal line and signaling control unit 8 of temperature monitoring unit 3
It is connected；Servo motor unit 4 with lead screw guide rails unit 5 is horizontal is installed on sensor stand 1, and keep horizontal with ground, watch
The motor signal line for taking electric motor units 4 is connected with signaling control unit 8, when there is control signal input, by servo motor unit 4
Motor convert electrical energy into kinetic energy, the ball screw turns of traction table lead screw rail unit 5；Sliding platform 6 is installed on lead screw
On rail unit 5, with the rotation of ball-screw, sliding platform 6 can be moved freely along linear guide level；Microwave is visited
First 7 are fixedly installed in the top of sliding platform 6, radiate microwave signal towards tested 9 direction of crop, measurement Shi Buyu crop is direct
Contact, is exported by the measuring signal that microwave probe 7 exports to signaling control unit 8；Signaling control unit 8 is to servo motor unit
4 are controlled, and acquire the measurement output signal of microwave probe 7 and temperature monitoring unit 3, carry out corresponding calculation process conversion
For aqueous rate score, by wireless module by data back to control centre.
The power supply unit 2 is made of solar panel, battery and voltage control module, can be automatically controlled and be cut
The power supply of solar powered and battery is changed, solar panel power is chosen for 18 watts, exports 24 volts of voltages, accumulator capacity selection
For 7 ampere-hours, when sunlight is insufficient or night by battery is system power supply.
The microwave probe 7 is made of microwave cavity oscillator, frequency mixer and electromagnetic horn, centre frequency 10GHz,
Power is 30mW, and direct energizing voltages are 12 volts, and wave-guide cavity wave uses BJ100 full-length 22.9mm, width 10.2mm, loudspeaker
Antenna uses conical structure, is made by alloy material, and angle of radiation is positive and negative 6 degree, in the actual gain of centre frequency 10GHz
For 15dB or so, corresponding microwave operational wavelength is 3cm, is equipped with oscillating diode and mixer diode inside waveguide cavity, micro-
Wave local oscillation signal is generated by oscillating diode, is issued by electromagnetic horn, is being mixed with the echo-signal of material effects back reflection
It is mixed on diode with microwave local signal, the form for exporting mixed frequency signal is as follows:
In formula, mixing conductance g1 is constant, USIt is reflection echo amplitude,It is reflection echo phase relative value, microwave probe
1/2 wavelength distance of every movement,Value variation a cycle.Fig. 2 is shown to during corn crop actual measurement, microwave spoke
When radio frequency rate is 10GHz, with the rotation of servo motor unit 4, the pass of moving distance and the probe signal output of microwave probe 7
System, there is mechanical periodicity in signal within 15mm moving distance, and signaling control unit 8 passes through A/D converter for microwave probe 7
Output signal is converted to digital quantity, is compared minimum value V in record period by single-chip microcontroller Operations Analysismin=0.887
Volt, maximum value Vmax=1.612 volts, minimum point corresponds to microwave probe moving distance Zm=2.12mm carries out subsequent arithmetic.
The basic composed structure of signaling control unit 8 is as shown in figure 3, include A/D converter, single-chip microcontroller operation control
Unit, motor drive module and wireless module composition, single-chip microcontroller Operations Analysis use 32 ARM core STM32F103 systems
Column processor is powered using 3.6 volts, and working frequency of chip is set as 72MHz, and to reduce cost, A/D converter selects STM32
Processor is internally integrated analog-digital converter, and the single conversion acquisition time of 12 conversion accuracies and 1 μ s meet measurement demand.Motor
Drive module selects MA860H serial motors driver, using 24 volts of DC-voltage supplies, rated current 4A, at STM32
Pwm pulse output control driving 4 motor of the servo motor unit rotation of device is managed, motor uses 86 formula Step Motor Designs, output
Torque range is 4-10NM, and the effective sliding distance for controlling sliding platform 6 in lead screw guide rails unit 5 is greater than 3cm.Wireless module is adopted
With 4G transparent transmission module design, single-chip microcontroller Operations Analysis passes data to 4G transparent transmission module by serial ports, utilizes 4G network
Data are uploaded to server and carry out two-way communication.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crop water in-situ measuring method based on microwave ground radar, the specific steps are as follows:
Using toy trumpet mouth phase corn as measurement object in the present embodiment, density of crop ρ c is 7.3 plants every square metre, is surveyed
Amount region is averaged plant height HCIt is 1 meter, single plant corn useful space growth district diameter DCIt is 0.5 meter, selects fine early morning
It measures.
S1, measuring device initialization；
Sliding platform 6 is set to be moved to one end of lead screw guide rails by the rotation of servo motor unit 4, microwave probe 7 connects at this time
Closely tested crop prepares measurement；The installation vertical height of microwave probe 7 is the half of corn plant height Hc, is 0.55 meter in this example,
It is measured positioned at crop intermediate region, the half that the initial level distance of microwave probe 7 and crop is plant height Hc is 0.55 meter；
S2, spatial microwave wave signal continuously measure
Servo motor unit 4 is controlled by signaling control unit 8 to rotate, and microwave probe 7 is made to be gradually distance from crop movement, probe
Movement speed is per second less than 1.25 millimeters, guarantees data stable and continuous, signaling control unit 8 is to microwave probe 7 at the same time
Moving distance Z and output voltage signal V carries out continuous acquisition, and frequency acquisition is 10 times per second, and the output of microwave probe signal is in week
The variation of phase property, it is minimum as a result as shown in Fig. 2, signaling control unit 8 is compared recording voltage maximum value Vmax=1.612 volt
Value Vmin=0.887 is lied prostrate, and microwave probe moving distance Zm=2.12mm corresponding to minimum value calculates voltage standing wave ratio Sc=
Vmax/Vmin=1.82；
S3, environment temperature synchronous acquisition
While microwave probe 7 measures, signaling control unit 8 controls the acquisition of temperature monitoring unit 3 this time measurement environment temperature
T=24 DEG C of degree；
S4, crop plant moisture content operation
Crop plant moisture content Mc is transported according to the following formula by 8 inside single chip control unit of signaling control unit
It calculates:
Wherein: c=7.3 plants every square metre of ρ is the planting density for being tested corn crop；HC=1 meter is averaged plant height for crop；
DC=0.5 meter is single plant crop useful space growth district diameter；Sc=1.82 is microwave probe voltage standing wave ratio；Zm=2.12
Millimeter is microwave probe moving distance corresponding to minimum value；T=24 degrees Celsius is environment temperature；
K, a0, b0 are fitting coefficient, and after tested crop 9 specifically determines, fitting coefficient is constant, by preparatory in this example
The microwave probe signal output of measurement known aqueous rate corn crop is back-calculated to obtain, and specific method is described as follows: independent to choose three
Group different conditions corn crop, determines ρ c of every group of measurement, H by above-mentioned S1-S4 step respectivelyC、DC, the parameters such as Sc, Zm, T
Afterwards, 3-5 plant intact plants are sampled to every group of crop, are classified by root, stem and leaf and weigh fresh weight, progress constant temperature water-removing later and
It is dried, weighs plant dry weight after constant mass, every group of plant average moisture content Mc is calculated separately, by above-mentioned ginseng
Number substitute into formula (1) different plants moisture content three groups of equations, simultaneous obtains K, a0, b0 fitting coefficient, specific in this example
Measurement parameter is as shown in table 1,
It substitutes into formula (1) and obtains following equation group:
Simultaneous (3) formula equation group obtains K=43.86, a0=-0.19, b0=-0.03.
By fitting coefficient K=43.86, a0=-0.19, b0=-0.03 and c=7.3 plants every square metre of measurement parameter ρ, HC
=1 meter, DC=0.5 meter, Sc=1.82, Zm=2.12 millimeters, operation obtains in this example in T=24 degrees Celsius of substitution equation (1)
Plant moisture content is Mc=89.4%.
Table 1 is specific measurement parameter table in the present embodiment
Claims (9)
1. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar, which is characterized in that including sensor stand
(1), power supply unit (2), temperature monitoring unit (3), servo motor unit (4), lead screw guide rails unit (5), sliding platform (6),
Microwave probe (7), signaling control unit (8), tested crop (9)；Wherein, the sensor stand (1) is perpendicularly fixed at greatly
On ground, power supply unit (2) is fixedly installed on sensor stand (1), is exported through internal transformation and is provided institute for system each unit
The d. c. voltage signal needed；Temperature monitoring unit (3), signaling control unit (8) are fixedly installed on sensor stand (1),
The temperature signal line of temperature monitoring unit (3) is connected with signaling control unit (8)；Servo motor unit (4) and lead screw guide rails list
(5) are horizontal is installed on sensor stand (1) for member, and keep horizontal with ground, the motor signal line of servo motor unit (4) with
Signaling control unit (8) is connected, and when there is control signal input, is converted electrical energy by the motor of servo motor unit (4)
Kinetic energy, the ball screw turns of traction table lead screw rail unit (5)；Sliding platform (6) is installed on lead screw guide rails unit (5),
With the rotation of ball-screw, sliding platform (6) can be moved freely along linear guide level；The fixed peace of microwave probe (7)
Top loaded on sliding platform (6) radiates microwave signal towards tested crop (9) direction, and measurement Shi Buyu crop directly contacts,
It is exported by the measuring signal that microwave probe (7) export to signaling control unit (8)；Signaling control unit (8) is to servo motor list
First (4) are controlled, and acquire the measurement output signal of microwave probe (7) and temperature monitoring unit (3), carry out corresponding operation
Processing is converted to aqueous rate score, by wireless module by data back to control centre.
2. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The microwave probe (7) is made of microwave cavity oscillator, frequency mixer and electromagnetic horn, and microwave signal is vibrated by microwave cavity
Device generate by electromagnetic horn towards crop carry out actinometry, while electromagnetic horn receive reflection echo signal through frequency mixer into
Row detection exports d. c. voltage signal, and the frequency of microwave cavity oscillator is 3~26GHz, and power bracket is 5~30mw, direct current
Driving voltage is 5~24V；Electromagnetic horn uses pyramid or cone, and actual gain is not less than 15dB.
3. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The lead screw guide rails unit (5), by being located in the middle ball-screw, the linear guide positioned at two sides forms.
4. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Effective sliding distance of the sliding platform (6) on lead screw guide rails unit (5) should be greater than 1 microwave operational wavelength, guarantee
Microwave probe (7) can obtain the measuring signal of a complete cycle.
5. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Microwave probe (7) the electromagnetic horn installation vertical height is be measured plant height Hc 1/2, is located at crop intermediate region
It measures, when microwave probe (7) level is slid into close to crop one end, the horizontal distance of electromagnetic horn port and crop is to make
The 1/2 of object height Hc.
6. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The power supply unit (2) is made of solar panel, battery and voltage control module, can automatically control the switching sun
It can power and battery is powered, realize system continuous work round the clock.
7. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The signaling control unit (8) includes A/D converter, single-chip microcontroller Operations Analysis, motor drive module and wireless transmission
Module；Wherein, A/D converter, which is realized, is converted to digital signal, single-chip microcontroller operation control list for the analog signal of sensor measurement
Member realizes the control function of digital signal acquiring, internal arithmetic processing, the control of motor drive module and wireless transport module.
8. a kind of crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The tested crop (9) is the field crop of corn, sorghum or beans artificial growth, and planting density is uniform, growing way is unified.
9. a kind of measurement method of the crop water in-situ measurement device based on microwave ground radar as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
Specific step is as follows:
S1, measuring device initialization；
The one end for making sliding platform (6) be moved to lead screw guide rails is rotated by servo motor unit (4), at this time microwave probe (7)
Prepare measurement close to tested crop (9)；Wherein, the vertical height of microwave probe (7) is be measured plant height Hc 1/2, position
It is measured in crop intermediate region, the horizontal distance of microwave probe (7) and crop is the 1/2 of plant height Hc；
S2, spatial microwave wave signal continuously measure
By signaling control unit (8) control servo motor unit (4) rotation, microwave probe (7) is made to be gradually distance from crop movement, with
This synchronous signal control unit (8) carries out continuous acquisition, microwave to the moving distance Z and output voltage signal V of microwave probe (7)
Probe signal output is in cyclically-varying, is compared recording voltage maximum value Vmax, minimum value by signaling control unit (8)
Microwave probe moving distance Zm corresponding to Vmin and minimum value calculates voltage standing wave ratio Sc=Vmax/Vmin；
S3, environment temperature synchronous acquisition
While microwave probe (7) measures, signaling control unit (8) controls temperature monitoring unit (3) and acquires environment temperature T；
S4, crop plant moisture content operation
Crop plant moisture content Mc is transported according to the following formula by the internal single chip control unit of signaling control unit (8)
It calculates:
Wherein: ρ c is the planting density of tested crop (9), indicates the strain number of institute's long-term cropping in unit area, HCTo be tested crop
Average plant height, DCThe diameter of the useful space growth district of crop is tested for single plant, Sc is microwave probe voltage standing wave ratio, Zm
For microwave probe moving distance corresponding to minimum value, T is environment temperature；K, a0, b0 are fitting coefficient, when tested crop (9)
After specifically determining, fitting coefficient is constant, can be exported instead by measuring the microwave probe signal of known aqueous rate crop in advance
It pushes away to obtain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337005.6A CN109900724B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337005.6A CN109900724B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109900724A true CN109900724A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN109900724B CN109900724B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
Family
ID=66956418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337005.6A Active CN109900724B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109900724B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114018955A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Microwave-based device and method for measuring moisture content of storage cigarette packets |
| CN114858825A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Material moisture content measuring device based on microwave cavity detection and measuring method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4727311A (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1988-02-23 | Walker Charles W E | Microwave moisture measurement using two microwave signals of different frequency and phase shift determination |
| CN201449376U (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-05-05 | 西安工程大学 | Device by utilizing microwave to detect moisture content of textile on line |
| CN108459032A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-28 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of device and measurement method of dual probe difference type micro-wave on-line measurement moisture content |
| CN109613026A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | Utilize the device of microwave detection granular solids sample moisture content |
| CN109632834A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of cereal moisture percentage measurement method based on microwave swept frequency technology |
| CN210051709U (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-02-11 | 吉林农业大学 | Crop moisture in-situ monitoring device based on microwave ground radar |
-
2019
- 2019-04-25 CN CN201910337005.6A patent/CN109900724B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4727311A (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1988-02-23 | Walker Charles W E | Microwave moisture measurement using two microwave signals of different frequency and phase shift determination |
| CN201449376U (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-05-05 | 西安工程大学 | Device by utilizing microwave to detect moisture content of textile on line |
| CN108459032A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-28 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of device and measurement method of dual probe difference type micro-wave on-line measurement moisture content |
| CN109632834A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of cereal moisture percentage measurement method based on microwave swept frequency technology |
| CN109613026A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | Utilize the device of microwave detection granular solids sample moisture content |
| CN210051709U (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-02-11 | 吉林农业大学 | Crop moisture in-situ monitoring device based on microwave ground radar |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114018955A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Microwave-based device and method for measuring moisture content of storage cigarette packets |
| CN114858825A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Material moisture content measuring device based on microwave cavity detection and measuring method thereof |
| CN114858825B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-05-10 | 吉林农业大学 | Material moisture content measuring device and method based on microwave cavity detection |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109900724B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108459032B (en) | Device and method for measuring water content on line by double-probe differential microwave | |
| CN106018439B (en) | Microwave remote sensing soil moisture monitoring system and its monitoring method | |
| CN101236188B (en) | Soil moisture wireless measuring apparatus | |
| CN109900724A (en) | A kind of crop water in-situ monitoring device and method based on microwave ground radar | |
| CN110726737B (en) | Microwave water content measuring device and method based on space traveling standing wave attenuation | |
| CN104990900B (en) | Soil nitrogen and moisture percentage measuring apparatus and method | |
| CN103616567A (en) | Multi-channel microwave radiation measuring device | |
| CN106962147A (en) | UAV Intelligent water-saving irrigation system and construction method based on Beidou satellite system | |
| CN105974152B (en) | A kind of wind speed ball integrated system | |
| CN110220948A (en) | A kind of cutting ring weight method soil moisture sensor calibration device and scaling method | |
| CN210051709U (en) | Crop moisture in-situ monitoring device based on microwave ground radar | |
| CN104062269A (en) | Nanosecond time-resolved absorption and emission spectrum measuring device and measuring method | |
| CN103090930B (en) | Radar levelmeter and signal processing method thereof | |
| CN116068560A (en) | Marine evaporation waveguide floating type detection system and method based on radar sea clutter | |
| CN103149180B (en) | Detection method of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance | |
| CN105387934A (en) | Automatic tracking and measuring apparatus for photosynthetically active radiation in canopy | |
| CN108318941A (en) | Full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator | |
| CN201000448Y (en) | Soil moisture wireless measuring apparatus | |
| CN103439276B (en) | A kind of measuring method of soil water content and sensor | |
| CN109490506B (en) | Soil moisture monitoring device and monitoring method thereof | |
| Yitong et al. | Design of multi-parameter wireless sensor network monitoring system in precision agriculture | |
| CN204202690U (en) | A kind of corps canopy gradient moisture evaporation remote collection instrument | |
| CN110432129A (en) | A kind of intelligent Irrigation and fertilization system based on big data | |
| CN208366876U (en) | A kind of device of dual probe difference type micro-wave on-line measurement moisture content | |
| CN109444993A (en) | A kind of Ultrasonic Rain Gauge and rainfall measuring method based on MSP single-chip microcontroller |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |