CN105974152B - A kind of wind speed ball integrated system - Google Patents
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974152B CN105974152B CN201610299283.3A CN201610299283A CN105974152B CN 105974152 B CN105974152 B CN 105974152B CN 201610299283 A CN201610299283 A CN 201610299283A CN 105974152 B CN105974152 B CN 105974152B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wind speed ball integrated systems, including wind speed detection ball and client.The wind speed ball is Double-layer Plastic pellet, and pressure sensor and temperature sensor is distributed on outer spherical shell, has the thin bar with pedestal to be connected with sphere, humidity sensor is equipped in thin bar；There are power supply module, signal amplification module, filter module, data selecting module, control module, data transmit-receive module etc. inside interior spherical shell.Client has data reception module, data cache module, data memory module, Data correction module, data analysis module, display module and control module.The case where invention is intuitive, easily presents when object is placed in a fluid, and fluid is to the distribution and variation of the active force and fluid flow rate of body surface provides the effective tool of a set of measurement wind speed and direction.The rule of fluid and object interaction can be intuitively shown when in imparting knowledge to students and testing；The accurate measurement to wind speed and direction can be realized when for actual engineering survey.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Internet of Things sensing and the field of test technology, and in particular to a kind of wind speed ball integrated system.
Background technique
Measuring wind speed has great importance.By measuring to wind speed and can provide foundation for the variation that predicts the weather,
There is profound influence to industrial and agricultural production.Wind speed also influences traffic driving safety simultaneously, needs to overcome more when automobile goes against the wind
Big resistance.In building field, wind speed also influences the height design of building and builds at a distance between building.The wind-force in China provides
Source electrode horn of plenty, the mean wind speed in most areas is all at 3 meters per second or more, and in these areas, wind-power electricity generation has application very much
Prospect.Especially current energy shortage, in the case that wind-power electricity generation becomes modish generation mode, measurement and control to wind speed and direction
It makes particularly important.
Currently on the market there are many kinds of the methods of mature test wind speed and direction.Common hand-held wind wheel anemobiagraph needs
Wind wheel is blown to carry out the measurement of wind speed by wind.The filament heat dispersal situations that heat wire method is generated heat at different wind speeds by perception
Difference judge the size of wind speed, the heat dispersal situations of filament need to consider environment temperature, and its judgement ratio to wind direction
It is poor.Rotation surveys agar diffusion method and is similar to wind wheel type anemobiagraph, and generally requires in conjunction with wind vane and determine wind direction.Time difference method ultrasonic wave wind
When fast mensuration propagates fixed range using ultrasonic wave in air, propagates against the wind there are a time difference with the wind, utilize the time
Difference obtains air speed value after software calculates.But the method is obviously influenced by temperature and humidity, and is difficult to determine wind direction.With
On several method hypothesis as the direction of test is parallel to based on the flow direction of air.Conventionally, this direction is just
It is parallel to the sea level direction of measured place.Actually, used numerous test methods are that the wind speed of two-dimensions is surveyed at present
Amount method, single test cell may provide complete incorrect data, even with multiple measuring units, hang down existing
Directly in the case where the wind speed component of horizontal plane, because these methods have all defaulted air, flowing is parallel to horizontal plane, institute
True wind direction is accurately reflected with actually lacking.
Now, there is a kind of measurement ball for measuring wind speed and direction, it can be to ball head-on when flowing through spherome surface using air
Surface applies normal pressure, and the ball surface at the back side can experience negative pressure, and the different principle of pressure is real at different wind speeds
Now to the accurate judgement of wind speed and direction.This system is comprehensively considered to the system of actual conditions, and the result of acquisition can be compared with
The actual conditions of good reflection part.The wind speed ball can exclude to bring due to installing component etc. empty to test to the greatest extent
The interference of flow of air state obtains accurate measurement data.
Based on the scheme of the measurement for carrying out wind speed and direction using wind speed ball, the wind under three-dimensional situation may be implemented
The synchronism detection of speed, wind direction.This is that one kind is novel, can be used for the scheme of the measurement of three-dimensional situation wind speed and direction.Its gram
It has taken the wind test macro default air flowing generally used and has been parallel to horizontal plane, lacked and true wind direction is accurately reflected
The problem of.Currently, wind speed ball surface has at least been evenly arranged 6 pressure sensors, measure geometry method ease in use is come to wind
Speed measures, and needs to select the identical baroceptor of pressure in measurement process, using the centre of sphere as the center of circle, to select
Baroceptor in any one as circle it is upper one strokes and dots justify, if there is the equally spaced baroceptor of at least four in the circle
On, then it can thus determine that wind direction is the direction perpendicular to the circle.But wheel measuring may be needed during actual measurement
Ball, repeated measurement provide same pressure there are four pressure sensor until meeting, artificial dry using such measurement method
Pre- degree is big, and the degree of automation is lower, and is unfavorable for for a long time, remote wind speed and direction measurement.When wind speed ball calculation of wind speed
The parameters such as required atmospheric density often require to use other ancillary equipment independent measurements, and it is not examined in measurement process
The influence for considering temperature and humidity, it is limited for the adaptability of environment.
Currently, the data processing hardware circuit of wind speed ball measuring system is there is still a need for being placed on outside sphere, portability compared with
Difference, and circuit does not have the ability of auto-control, it is difficult to cope with complicated wind field environment.Wind speed ball measuring system is currently without therewith
The mature upper computer software to match cannot intuitively show fluid to the active force of body surface and point of fluid flow rate
The case where cloth and variation, the effect is unsatisfactory when using in teaching and experiment.
Based on considerations above.The specific implementation of high performance wind speed ball system dependent on it is specific, can be with cooperating
Software and hardware.Different software and hardware building modes may cause the deviation of test effect.In order to reduce testing cost and obtain
Obtain optimal test result, it is necessary to which interface to specific software and hardware and between the two carries out careful and system grind
Study carefully.The present invention is studied for this demand, proposes a kind of wind speed ball software and hardware system.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, can be intuitive the present invention provides a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, side
Presenting when object is placed in a fluid just, fluid is to the distribution of the active force and fluid flow rate of body surface and variation
Situation can be used for intuitively showing wind speed and direction；It can also realize in actual engineering survey to the accurate of wind speed simultaneously
Measurement.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, including wind speed detection ball and client；The wind
Speed detection ball is the Double-layer Plastic pellet of smooth outer surface, and the Double-layer Plastic pellet is respectively outer layer spherical shell and internal layer spherical shell；It is described
It is uniformly provided with several the first ventilation holes on outer layer spherical shell, a pressure sensor is provided in each first ventilation hole；
Corresponding the first ventilation hole seamless connection of the pressure sensor, and signal is connected to the inside being set in internal layer spherical shell
Circuit；
It is uniformly provided with several second ventilation holes on the outer layer spherical shell, is provided with one in each second ventilation hole
Temperature sensor；Corresponding the second ventilation hole seamless connection of the temperature sensor, and signal is connected to internal circuit；
Wind speed detection ball is fixedly connected by support rod with pedestal, and the support rod is hollow structure, and support rod
On humidity sensor is installed, the humidity sensor is connected to internal circuit by the conductor signal inside support rod；
The internal circuit is set on the pcb board in internal layer spherical shell, and internal circuit includes power supply module, Signal Pretreatment
Circuit, central processor unit and wireless data transceiver module；The signal pre-processing circuit includes amplification module, filter module
And data selecting module；The data selecting module successively gates pressure sensor, and the voltage of pressure sensor output is through over-discharge
Enter central processor unit after big module and filter module and carry out analog-to-digital conversion, the data after conversion are by wireless data transceiving
Module is sent to client；
The client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, data storage mould
Block, data processing module, image display module and control module, wireless data receipt modules receive the letter of internal circuit sending
After number, cached, calibrated, stored and analyze processing after shown on its graphical interfaces pressure suffered by spherome surface and
The variation and distribution situation of spherome surface fluid flow rate.
Further, the central processor unit uses ARM single-chip microcontroller, and filter module uses MAX262 program control filtering
Device, wireless data transceiver module use bluetooth module and wifi module ESP8266；The specific structure of the internal circuit is as follows:
The port single-chip microcontroller P1~P7 controls MAX262 programmable filter, the MAX262 programmable filter output termination by 54HC373
Enter the port ADC of single-chip microcontroller, the anode and negative terminal of sensor pass through two multiway analog switch ADG732 access amplification electricity respectively
Road, signal are linked into filter input end by the buffer circuit being made of amplifier after amplifying circuit amplifies, wherein multichannel mould
Quasi- switch is by single-chip microcontroller P2.0~P2.3 port controlling；HC-05 bluetooth module is connected to the serial ports of single-chip microcontroller to send data,
Bluetooth module can be used alone with wifi module ESP8266 or simultaneously use, the opening and closing of the two pass through respectively P3.0 and
P3.1 control.
Further, the particular circuit configurations of the amplification module are as follows: signal inputs instrumentation amplifier AD602's respectively
Positive-negative input end mouth, the normal voltage of 5V are used as the simulation of ADC module by passing through after amplifier AD705 after electric resistance partial pressure
Ground voltage；Signal is amplified into the ADC of single-chip microcontroller through amplifier.
Further, the filter module uses programmable filter, and the programmable filter is controlled by central processing unit list
Member detects the data read when previous round using central processor unit, if noise is more than threshold value or what is filtered out have
When being more than threshold value with signal, then central processor unit control filter automatically adjusts its parameter；The filter module letter simultaneously
Number it is connected to client, programmable filter type can be selected using client.Generally, the programmable filter is quadravalence Bart
Butterworth low-pass filter.
Further, the client is pc client or cell phone client.
Further, the central processor unit uses ARM Cortex M4 family chip, utilizes 12 of its inside
SAR ADC module carries out digital-to-analogue conversion operation, and the data after analog-to-digital conversion also need to carry out non-linear and warm
Degree drift, noise level detection and calibration operation；Because single-chip microcontroller poll, which reads sensing data, needs the regular hour,
When every wheel being taken to read sensor, each sensor requires to read scheme twice according to order, and comprehensive twice by rule
The data of reading obtain the sensor values of epicycle.
Further, the central processor unit uses single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller is internally embedded RT-thread single chip microcomputer
Mode by the data after processing through DMA when every wheel sensor reads completion, is passed through wireless transmission mould by upper operating system
Block is sent to client, can carry out the read operation of next round simultaneously during sending data.
Further, the data processing module uses digital filter, by observation system inputoutput data, to being
System state carries out the algorithm of optimal estimation to realize on the basis of linear state-space indicates to noisy input and observation
Signal is handled, and system mode or actual signal are sought；And it is able to use support vector method and in short term pre- is carried out to wind speed
Survey operation.
Further, client-side program when carrying out interpolation fitting operation, divide using triangle by the selection of interpolation point
Method.
Further, outer layer spherical shell surface is coated with anti-pollution layer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, intuitive, it easily presents when object is placed in a fluid, active force and fluid of the fluid to body surface
The case where distribution and variation of flow velocity, can be used for intuitively showing wind speed and direction；Simultaneously can also actual engineering survey work as
Accurate measurement of the middle realization to wind speed.
2, using wirelessly carrying out communicating the flexibility for enhancing the device with upper computer software.In the feelings for having network
Network Interface Module may be selected under condition, wind speed ball is accessed into network, realizes remote, prolonged monitoring and measurement work.
3, the temperature and humidity numerical value that fluid is also obtained while obtaining spherome surface pressure sensor numerical value, realizes
Automatic amendment to experimental result.Client uses mathematical method in terms of data processing, the method handled using digital filtering
Reduce error, and consider influence of the historical record value to wind speed and direction Accurate Prediction, so that measuring closer to true feelings
Condition.
4, the graphical operation interface being easily understood is provided, layman's study cost is small, facilitates grasp.The visitor
Family end provides operational controls simultaneously, and the operator for having certain professional skill fits corresponding measurement parameter
When modification so that the system adapt to the experiment having higher requirements and measurement operation occasion.
5, low in energy consumption, the data of sensor are acquired by the way of the single gating of a certain time data, so that in same a period of time
It carves only one sensor working, and the public amplification of all pressure sensors and filter circuit, preferably solve because of sensing
The numerous bring power consumptions of device and driving capability problem.
6, accurate.Accuracy can be embodied in the following aspects: 1 wind speed spherical zone has temperature and humidity sensing module, can
It is operated with carrying out amendment appropriate to wind speed；2 have programmable filter, can be adjusted automatically according to actual conditions, effectively
Ground inhibits noise；3, it is contemplated that read poll reading sensor and need the regular hour, using the secondary reading of each round and carry out
The method of parameters revision makes data keep synchronous to a certain extent；4 wind speed balls and software end carry out multiple software to data
Calibration operation greatly reduces device non-linearity and brings and the influence of circuit noise；5 scm softwares are using insertion
Real time operating system ensure that the accuracy of timing and the stability of program；The shadow of 6 clients consideration history value and predicted value
It rings, efficiently solves the problems, such as to be measured by random perturbation bring inaccurate.
7, multi-platform test, the end PC may be implemented, movable terminal can realize the measurement operation of wind speed.Largely
Meet the field research of more situations, experiment and measurement demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of wind speed ball integrated system；In figure: 1 is that spherical shell, 2 are sensitive pressure outside wind speed detection ball
Sensor, 3 be temperature sensor, 4 be wind speed detection ball support rod, 5 be pedestal, 6 be humidity sensor, 7 be pc client,
8 be cell phone client；
Fig. 2 is the pressure sensor that A group and B group are identified as on outer layer spherical shell, temperature sensor and number that number is C group
For the distribution situation of the humidity sensor of D group.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that wind speed detects ball；In figure: 1 detects the outer spherical shell of ball for wind speed, and surface is coated with anti-pollution painting
Layer, 2 be sensitive pressure sensor, 3 be temperature sensor, 4 be wind speed detect the support rod of ball, 5 be pedestal, 6 be humidity sensor
Device, 9 be wind speed detection ball internal layer spherical shell, 10 be battery, 11 be pcb board, 12 be signal pre-processing circuit, 13 be central processing unit
Unit, 14 are data transmit-receive module；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that wind speed detects ball internal circuit；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of amplifier shown in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the logic diagram of wind speed ball internal module data processing；
Fig. 7 is the blocking data processing logic diagram of upper computer software；
Fig. 8 is the work flow diagram of upper computer software；
The case where surface triangle is divided when Fig. 9 spherome surface interpolation；
Figure 10 is the interface of upper computer software；Wherein: A figure is the display figure of main interface, and B, C, D, E are to click accordingly
Button when the dialog box that pops up.
Figure 11 demonstrates several relatively simple working conditions being likely encountered when sphere is placed in wind field；A figure be from
The case where horizontal direction is seen, B, C, D figure are top view.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, including wind speed detection ball and client.The wind speed detects ball
For the Double-layer Plastic pellet of smooth outer surface, surface, which is coated on the outer spherical shell 1 of anti-pollution layer, is uniformly provided with 14 ventilation holes, each
The sensitive pressure sensor 2 that a signal is connected to the internal circuit of wind speed detection ball is provided in ventilation hole, it is described
The corresponding ventilation hole seamless connection of pressure sensor 2.14 pressure sensors are divided into A group and B group, only extract A group sensing
The numerical value of device can realize basic measurement operation, need to extract A group and all sensings of B group when needing precise manipulation
The numerical value of device.Meanwhile outer 1 surface of spherical shell be also evenly arranged there are four signal be connected to wind speed detection ball internal circuit temperature
Sensor 3, installation method are identical with the installation method of the sensitive pressure sensor 2.The wind speed detection ball passes through support rod 4
It is fixedly connected with pedestal 5, the support rod 4 is hollow structure, is equipped with humidity sensor 6, the humidity sensor on support rod
Device 6 is connected to the internal circuit that wind speed detects ball by the conducting wire inside support rod.Temperature sensor 6 is placed on support rod
It can be to avoid the influence of direct sunlight and ponding；Its influence to wind field can be minimized by placing it on pole.
As shown in Fig. 3,6, the internal circuit of the wind speed detection ball is set to the pcb board in wind speed detection ball internal layer spherical shell
On 11, internal circuit includes power supply module 10, signal pre-processing circuit 12, central processor unit 13 and wireless data transceiving mould
Block 14；The signal pre-processing circuit 12 includes amplification module, filter module and data selecting module.The data selecting module
Pressure sensor is successively gated, the voltage of pressure sensor output enters central processing after amplification module and filter module
Device unit carries out analog-to-digital conversion, and the data after conversion are sent to client by wireless data transceiver module.
As shown in fig. 7, the client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, number
According to memory module, data processing module, image display module and control module, wireless data receipt modules receive internal circuit
After the signal of sending, is cached, is calibrated, stored and intuitively show spherome surface on its graphical interfaces after analyzing processing
The variation and distribution situation of suffered pressure and spherome surface fluid flow rate.
Wind speed detection ball is placed in the fluid environment, after opening measurement function using upper computer software, upper computer software
It issues signal and wakes up single-chip microcontroller, further single-chip microcontroller can control the co-ordination of each module.If selection is simplifying mode,
As shown in Fig. 2, the single-chip microcontroller control of ball interior does not have to the data for reading B group sensor, if selection is complete mode, ball
The single-chip microcontroller in internal portion reads the data of all pressure sensors.Each pressure sensor is powered by voltage regulator circuit,
When spread of voltage signal, interrupt operation can be issued to client.As shown in figure 4, since the wind speed detects ball
Surface layout has a large amount of sensor, for the stability of save the cost and raising circuit, utilizes multi-path choice analog switch
ADG732 realizes that one sensor of gating is read out every time, and the signal for the sensor transmissions being strobed is faint simulation letter
Number, it needs to amplify signal using the amplifying circuit of low noise.The internal circuit configuration of specific wind speed detection ball is as follows:
The port single-chip microcontroller P1~P7 controls MAX262 programmable filter, the filter output by 54HC373 (eight D-type latches)
The port ADC of single-chip microcontroller is accessed, the anode and negative terminal of sensor pass through two multiway analog switch ADG732 access amplifications respectively
Circuit, the amplified buffer circuit by being made of amplifier of signal are linked into filter input end, wherein multiway analog switch
By single-chip microcontroller P2.0~P2.3 port controlling；HC-05 bluetooth module is connected to the serial ports of single-chip microcontroller to send data, bluetooth mould
Block can be used alone with wifi module ESP8266 or use simultaneously, and the opening and closing of the two passes through P3.0 and P3.1 control respectively.
It is illustrated in figure 5 the circuit diagram of amplifier shown in Fig. 4；In figure: electric bridge represents sensor, and signal inputs respectively
The positive-negative input end mouth of instrumentation amplifier AD602, the normal voltage of 5V after electric resistance partial pressure by passing through after amplifier AD705
Analog ground voltage as ADC module；Signal is amplified into the ADC of single-chip microcontroller through amplifier.In order to improve in the present invention
The accuracy of data amplification, amplifying circuit have used instrumentation amplifier AD602, this makes the circuit have high input impedance, high
The characteristics of anti-noise ability.Further, the circuit by by program control filtering MAX262 being core is also needed by the signal of amplification
It can be just sent to after processing central processor unit (single-chip microcontroller).Central processor unit can carry out the data read when previous round
Detection, if noise is excessive or the useful signal that filters out is excessive, central processor unit can control filter automatic adjustment
Its parameter, to reach requirement.The parameter of filter can also receive the control of client software simultaneously, can choose in client
Programmable filter type realizes the demand of different operating occasion, and under normal circumstances, software default filter is quadravalence Butterworth
Low-pass filter.
Central processor unit uses ARM Cortex M4 family chip, DSP ability with super strength and relative moderate
Price carries out digital-to-analogue conversion operation using its 12 internal SAR ADC module, and the data after analog-to-digital conversion are also
Need to carry out non-linear and temperature drift, noise level detection and calibration operation.Because single-chip microcontroller poll reads sensor number
According to the regular hour is needed, so each sensor requires to read twice according to order when every wheel being taken to read sensor
Scheme, and the sensor values of epicycle are obtained by the data of the comprehensive twi-read of rule.Such as under simplifying mode it is every wheel start by
It reads according to the mode of A1 to A6, is then read according still further to the mode of A6 to A1, and measured twice using different Weight balances
Value.The numerical value of temperature sensor and humidity sensor is read after pressure sensor, which is read, to be completed.In order to guarantee data manipulation
Accurate to carry out, single-chip microcontroller is internally embedded RT-thread single-chip microcontroller Chip Operating System, to substantially increase the stabilization of program
Property.When every wheel sensor reads completion, send the data after processing to by wireless sending module through the mode of DMA
Client can carry out being read for next round during sending data.If radio receiving transmitting module uses
Bluetooth then can be used for the measurement of closer distance；In the case where there is network, ESP8266 module can be used, wind speed ball is accessed into net
Network realizes long-range measurement.
As shown in fig. 7, software first carries out buffer operation to data after receiving the data sent, in automatic calibrating die
In block to data carry out encoding calibration, if data correctly if save data, otherwise abandon epicycle data.Further, in number
According to combining the preceding history value measured several times to carry out integrated treatment analysis to data in analysis module, the data processing module includes
Kalman's digital filtering, the calculating of flow velocity, the SVM prediction of pressure value and flow velocity, interpolation fitting etc..Then in figure
Intuitively show fluid for point of the distribution of the pressure of body surface and situation of change and body surface fluid flow rate on interface
Cloth situation.According to different use environments, have certain professional knowledge operator can in window control to parameter into
The corresponding adjustment of row, may make the effect of display and measurement more ideal.These described parameters include the smooth coefficients on surface, when
Ground atmospheric pressure, the type etc. of wind speed ball filters internal.
As shown in figure 8, focusing on combining the relationship of current data and historical data in the data processing module, in this way
Design consider the continuity of things development in the objective world, can eliminate to a certain extent since sensor is made an uproar
Sound and environment can not survey the Random Effect of factor generation.Specifically, passing through observation system input and output using digital filter
Data carry out the algorithm of optimal estimation to system mode to realize on the basis of linear state-space indicates to noisy defeated
Enter and handled with observation signal, seeks system mode or actual signal.Wind speed can be carried out using the methods of supporting vector
Short-term predicted operation.The short-term forecast of wind speed is a kind of technology used in wind-power electricity generation, applies the method to wind speed
Noise jamming can be preferably eliminated in measurement.Certainly, user can choose in actual operation closes the short-term pre- of wind speed
Survey operation.
As shown in Figure 9, program is carrying out not using conventional longitude and latitude split plot design when interpolation fitting operation, because this
Spherical surface that sample is split is simultaneously uneven, and it is excessively intensive to deposit interpolation point in some places, and some places are excessively sparse
Problem.The selection of interpolation point uses triangle split plot design, so that the distribution of spherical surface interpolation point is more uniform.Interpolation method is defaulted as
Closest to interpolation, bilinear interpolation and third-order spline interpolation is may be selected in user.Since interpolation point requires at least at 500 or more,
So difference is not it is obvious that still when the precision meeting that the data volume of preservation and wind direction differentiate in the display effect of software interface end
It is variant.Interpolation points are defaulted as, up at 1000 points at 5000 points.
It as shown in Figure 10, is the operational platform design of software.Wherein A figure is main interface, and the interface display goes out sphere table
The pressure distribution situation and velocity flow profile situation in face, the arrow in flow rate region indicate the substantially flow direction of wind.Point ball beating body
In any point, can show the pressure value of the point and the size and Orientation of flow velocity.Black line in sphere represents and pedestal
Parallel diameter, user, which can drag sphere, to rotate, and facilitate observation.The interface left side has a series of button and display to work as
The region of preceding time of measuring used.Clicking button will pop up the dialog box that can carry out parameter modification, and subdialogue frame such as schemes B,
Shown in C, D, E, the stain in dialog box represents single choice, and box represents final election.User by modification dialog box in parameter so that
The system of obtaining better adapts to different measurement environment.
As shown in figure 11, under simplifying mode, A is the image observed from horizontal direction, and B, C, D is top view.In A
In figure, wind blows to sphere from the direction for being parallel to horizontal plane with lesser flow velocity at this time, and the pressure that A1 is subject at this time is maximum, and A2 goes out
Existing negative pressure.If at this time from overlook direction the case where sphere as shown in B figure, wind face ball is blown, then A3, A4, A5, suffered by A6
Pressure value should when it is identical；If at this time from overlook direction the case where sphere as shown in C figure, wind face ball is blown, then
A3, A4 pressure value are identical, and pressure value suffered by A5 and A6 is identical, and pressure suffered by A4 is less than pressure suffered by A5.If
When wind speed is larger, as shown in figure D, turbulent flow will be formed at sphere rear, will preferably be imitated with complete measurement pattern at this time
Fruit.
The present invention has following advantage:
Advantage 1, is attached by the way of wireless communication with upper computer software, so that the device is with sizable
Flexibility.Network Interface Module may be selected in the case where there is network, wind speed ball is accessed into network, realizes at a distance, for a long time
Monitoring and measurement work.
Advantage 2, it is low in energy consumption, the data of sensor are acquired by the way of the single gating of a certain time data, so that same
One moment, only one sensor worked, and all pressure sensors share amplification and filter circuit, preferably solve because
The numerous bring power consumptions of sensor and driving capability problem.
Advantage 3, accurately.Accuracy can be embodied in the following aspects: 1 wind speed spherical zone has temperature and humidity to sense mould
Block can carry out amendment appropriate to wind speed and operate；2 have programmable filter, can be adjusted automatically according to actual conditions,
Effectively inhibit noise；3, it is contemplated that read poll reading sensor and need the regular hour, simultaneously using the secondary reading of each round
The method for carrying out parameters revision makes data keep synchronous to a certain extent；4 wind speed balls and software end carry out data multiple
Software calibration operation, greatly reduces device non-linearity and brings and the influence of circuit noise；5 scm softwares use
It is embedded in real time operating system, ensure that the accuracy of timing and the stability of program；6 clients consider history value and predicted value
It influences, efficiently solves the problems, such as to be measured by random perturbation bring inaccurate.
Advantage 4, may be implemented multi-platform test, the end PC, and movable terminal can realize the measurement operation of wind speed.Very great Cheng
The field research of more situations, experiment and measurement demand are met on degree.
Advantage 5, high degree of automation, wind speed ball inside filter circuit can be according to actual signal acquisition situation in certain journey
It can automatically adjust on degree；Client software plug and play, the knowledge for not needing profession can be completed to test and measure behaviour
Make, it is small that operator learns cost.
Advantage 6, controllable degree are high.Software end interactive interface provides measuring wind speed ball parameter and software end data processing side
The option of formula, related staff can select suitable parameter according to actual conditions, to meet the needs of actual measurement.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement and equivalent replacement can also be made, these are to the present invention
Claim improve with the technical solution after equivalent replacement, each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, which is characterized in that detect ball and client including wind speed；The wind speed detection ball is outer
The smooth Double-layer Plastic pellet in surface, the Double-layer Plastic pellet are respectively outer layer spherical shell (1) and internal layer spherical shell (9)；The outer layer ball
6 or 14 the first ventilation holes are uniformly provided on shell (1), first ventilation hole is right two-by-two about the centre of sphere of outer layer spherical shell
Claim distribution, is provided with a pressure sensor (2) in each first ventilation hole；The pressure sensor (2) is corresponding
The seamless connection of first ventilation hole, and signal is connected to the internal circuit being set in internal layer spherical shell；
It is uniformly provided with several the second ventilation holes on the outer layer spherical shell (1), is provided with one in each second ventilation hole
Temperature sensor (3)；Corresponding the second ventilation hole seamless connection of the temperature sensor (3), and signal is connected to inside
Circuit；
The wind speed detection ball is fixedly connected by support rod (4) with pedestal (5), and the support rod (4) is hollow structure, and is propped up
It is equipped on strut humidity sensor (6), the humidity sensor (6) is connected to inside by the conductor signal inside support rod
Circuit；
The internal circuit is set on the pcb board in internal layer spherical shell (11), and internal circuit includes power supply module (10), and signal is pre-
Processing circuit (12), central processor unit (13) and wireless data transceiver module (14)；The signal pre-processing circuit (12)
Including amplification module, filter module and data selecting module；The data selecting module successively gates pressure sensor, and pressure passes
The voltage of sensor output enters central processor unit after amplification module and filter module and carries out analog-to-digital conversion, after conversion
Data client is sent to by wireless data transceiver module；
The client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, data memory module, number
According to processing module, image display module and control module, after wireless data receipt modules receive the signal of internal circuit sending,
It cached, calibrated, stored and show pressure suffered by spherome surface and sphere on its graphical interfaces after analyzing processing
The variation and distribution situation of surfactant fluid flow velocity.
2. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the central processor unit (13)
Using ARM single-chip microcontroller, filter module uses MAX262 programmable filter, wireless data transceiver module (14) using bluetooth module and
Wifi module ESP8266；The specific structure of the internal circuit is as follows: single-chip microcontroller controls the program-controlled filter of MAX262 by 54HC373
Wave device, the port ADC of the MAX262 programmable filter output end access single-chip microcontroller, anode and the negative terminal difference of pressure sensor
Amplification module is accessed by two multiway analog switch ADG732, signal is slow by what is be made of amplifier after amplification module amplifies
It rushes circuit and is linked into MAX262 programmable filter input terminal, wherein multiway analog switch is controlled by single-chip microcontroller；Bluetooth module connection
Serial ports to single-chip microcontroller can be used alone with wifi module ESP8266 or use simultaneously to send data, bluetooth module,
The opening and closing of the two is controlled by the different port of single-chip microcontroller respectively.
3. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the physical circuit of the amplification module
Structure is as follows: signal inputs the positive-negative input end mouth of instrumentation amplifier AD602 respectively, the normal voltage of 5V by electric resistance partial pressure it
It is used as the analog ground voltage of ADC module later by amplifier AD705 afterwards；Signal is after amplification module amplifies by by amplifier structure
At buffer circuit be linked into filter module.
4. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the filter module uses program-controlled filter
Wave device, the programmable filter are controlled by central processor unit, using central processor unit to the number read when previous round
According to being detected, if noise is more than threshold value more than threshold value or the useful signal filtered out, central processor unit control is filtered
Wave device automatically adjusts its parameter；Filter module signal is connected to client simultaneously, can select programmable filter using client
Type.
5. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the client be pc client or
Person's cell phone client.
6. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the central processor unit uses
ARM Cortex M4 family chip carries out analog-to-digital conversion operation using its 12 internal SAR ADC module, passes through
Data after analog-to-digital conversion also need to carry out non-linear and temperature drift, noise level detection and calibration operation；Because of monolithic
The data that wheel askes reading pressure sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor need the regular hour, so taking every wheel
When reading, require to read scheme twice according to order, and obtain the pressure of epicycle by the data of the comprehensive twi-read of rule
The numerical value of sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor.
7. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the central processor unit uses
Single-chip microcontroller, single-chip microcontroller are internally embedded RT-thread single-chip microcontroller Chip Operating System, every wheel pressure sensor, temperature sensor and
When humidity sensor reads completion, wireless data transceiver module will be passed through by mode of the data through DMA after processing and sent
To client, the read operation of next round can be carried out simultaneously during sending data.
8. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing module uses number
Word filter carries out the algorithm of optimal estimation to system mode by observation system inputoutput data to realize online character
Noisy input and observation signal are handled on the basis of state space expression, seek system mode or actual signal；And
It is able to use support vector method and carries out short-term predicted operation to wind speed.
9. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that client-side program is quasi- in progress interpolation
When closing operation, the selection of interpolation point uses triangle split plot design.
10. a kind of wind speed ball integrated system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that outer layer spherical shell (1) surface applies
There is anti-pollution layer.
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| CN106885919B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-06-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of new micro spherical sensors of aware space environmental change and preparation method thereof |
| TWI737858B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2021-09-01 | 鴻海精密工業股份有限公司 | Electronic device with wind speed detection function and wind speed detection method |
| CN107979961A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-01 | 北京比特大陆科技有限公司 | Circuit board |
| CN109239392B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-09-08 | 常州大学 | Three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensor based on MEMS technology and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113218371A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 海南热带海洋学院 | Rapid measurement system and method for water flow direction and underwater pressure |
| CN115600639B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-11-14 | 国网四川省电力公司眉山供电公司 | Wind speed sensor, wind speed prediction method of power transmission line and early warning system |
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