CN105974152A - Air speed ball integration system - Google Patents
Air speed ball integration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974152A CN105974152A CN201610299283.3A CN201610299283A CN105974152A CN 105974152 A CN105974152 A CN 105974152A CN 201610299283 A CN201610299283 A CN 201610299283A CN 105974152 A CN105974152 A CN 105974152A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air speed ball integration system. The system includes an air speed detection ball and a client terminal. The air speed detection ball is a double layer plastic ball. Pressure sensors and temperature sensors are distributed on the outer ball housing. A thin rod with a pedestal is connected with the ball body. A humidity sensor is mounted on the thin rod. The inner ball housing is therein provided with a power supply module, a signal amplifying module, a filtering module, a data selection module, a control module, a data transceiving module and the like. A client terminal is provided with a data receiving module, a data cache module, a data storage module, a data correcting module, a data analyzing module, a display module and a control module. The system provided by the invention directly and conveniently displays the acting force of fluid on the surface of an object and the distribution and change of fluid flow speed and provides a set of effective tool for measuring air speed and air direction. The system provided by the invention can display the rule of mutual action of fluid and object when being applied to teaching and experiments and can realize accurate measurement of air speed and air direction when being applied to practical engineering measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Internet of Things sensing and technical field of measurement and test, be specifically related to a kind of wind speed ball integrated system.
Background technology
Measuring wind speed has great importance.Can be the change offer foundation that predicts the weather by wind speed is measured, to industrial or agricultural
Production has profound influence.Wind speed also has influence on traffic driving safety simultaneously, automobile against the wind time need overcome bigger resistance.
At building field, wind speed also affects the distance between the height design of building and building and building.The wind resource of China is the abundantest,
The mean wind speed in most areas is all at more than 3 meters per second, and in these areas, wind-power electricity generation is very promising.Especially
At present energy shortage, in the case of wind-power electricity generation becomes modish generation mode, to the measurement of wind speed and direction with control particularly important.
The method of test wind speed and direction ripe in the market has a variety of.Common hand-held wind wheel anemobiagraph needs to rely on
Wind wind symptom wheel carries out the mensuration of wind speed.Heat wire method is come by perception difference of the filament heat dispersal situations of heating under different wind speed
Judging the size of wind speed, the heat dispersal situations of fine rule needs to consider ambient temperature, and it is poor to the judgement of wind direction.Rotate
Survey agar diffusion method and be similar to wind wheel type anemobiagraph, and it is generally required to combine wind vane to judge wind direction.Time difference method ultrasonic wind speed measurement method profit
When propagating fixed range in atmosphere with ultrasound wave, propagate against the wind with the wind and there is a time difference, utilize time difference after computed in software
Obtain air speed value.But the method is substantially affected by temperature and humidity, and it is difficult to determine wind direction.Above several method base
Flow direction in air is parallel to the such hypothesis in direction of test.Conventionally, this direction is just parallel to measured place
Direction, sea level.Actually, the numerous method of testings used at present are the wind measurement method of two-dimensions, single test list
Unit may provide complete incorrect data, even with multiple measuring units, there is the wind speed component being perpendicular to horizontal plane
In the case of, because these methods have all given tacit consent to air, flowing is parallel to horizontal plane, so actually lacking real wind
To accurately reflect.
Now, there is a kind of measurement ball measuring wind speed and direction, utilize air can ball surface head-on be executed when flowing through spherome surface
Add normal pressure, and negative pressure can be experienced in the ball surface at the back side, and the principle that pressure is different under different wind speed realizes wind speed
Accurate judgement with wind direction.This system is that the system to practical situation is comprehensively considered, and the result of acquisition can preferably reflect part
Practical situation.Described wind speed ball can farthest get rid of due to installing component etc. bring to test air flow condition do
Disturb, obtain measurement data accurately.
Scheme based on the described measurement using wind speed ball to carry out wind speed and direction, it is possible to achieve the wind speed under three-dimensional situation, wind
To synchronism detection.This is a kind of novel, may be used for the scheme of the measurement of three-dimensional situation wind speed and direction.Which overcome general
It is parallel to horizontal plane all over the wind test system default air flowing used, lacks the problem that real wind direction is accurately reflected.
At present, wind speed ball surface has at least been evenly arranged 6 pressure transducers, and wind speed is surveyed by measure geometry method ease in use
Amount, it needs to select the baroceptor that pressure is identical, with the centre of sphere as the center of circle, with the air pressure transmission selected during measuring
Any one in sensor is justified as the upper strokes and dots of circle, if having at least 4 equally spaced baroceptors on this circle, then and can be by
This judges that wind direction is as the direction being perpendicular to this circle.But, wheel measuring ball may be needed during reality is measured, repeatedly survey
Amount, having four pressure transducers to provide same pressure until meeting, using such metering system, and manual intervention degree is big,
Automaticity is relatively low, and is unfavorable for long-time, and remote wind speed and direction is measured.Air required during wind speed ball calculation of wind speed
The parameters such as density generally require other auxiliary equipment independent measurements of use, and it does not accounts for temperature and wet during measuring
The impact of degree, the adaptation for environment is limited in one's ability.
At present, wind speed ball is measured the data processing hardware circuit of system and be need nonetheless remain for being placed on outside spheroid, and portability is poor, and
Circuit does not has the ability of auto-control, it is difficult to the wind field environment that reply is complicated.Wind speed ball measures system currently without matching therewith
Ripe upper computer software, it is impossible to show fluid intuitively to the active force of body surface and the distribution of rate of flow of fluid and change
Situation, use teaching and experiment in time effect unsatisfactory.
Based on considerations above.The implementing of high performance wind speed ball system depend on specific, can be with the software and hardware of cooperating.
Different software and hardware building modes may cause the deviation testing effect.In order to reduce testing cost and obtain optimum survey
Test result, it is necessary to concrete software and hardware and interface between the two are carried out careful and systematic research.Pin of the present invention
This demand is studied, it is proposed that a kind of wind speed ball software and hardware system.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, it is possible to directly perceived, convenient
Present when object is placed in a fluid, fluid is to the active force of body surface and the distribution of rate of flow of fluid and the feelings of change
Condition, may be used for showing intuitively wind speed and direction；The most also the accurate survey to wind speed can be realized in the middle of actual engineering survey
Amount.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, including wind speed detection ball and client；Described wind speed is visited
Surveying the Double-layer Plastic pellet that ball is smooth outer surface, described Double-layer Plastic pellet is respectively outer layer spherical shell and internal layer spherical shell；Described outer layer ball
Uniformly offer several first air vents on shell, in each first air vent, be provided with a pressure transducer；Described pressure
The first air vent seamless link that sensor is corresponding, and signal is connected to the internal circuit that is arranged in internal layer spherical shell；
Uniformly offer several second air vents on described outer layer spherical shell, be provided with a temperature in each second air vent and pass
Sensor；The second air vent seamless link that described temperature sensor is corresponding, and signal is connected to internal circuit；
Described wind speed detection ball is connected by support bar and base are fixing, and described support bar is to install on hollow structure, and support bar
Humidity sensor, described humidity sensor is had to be connected to internal circuit by the conductor signal within support bar；
Described internal circuit is arranged on the pcb board in internal layer spherical shell, and internal circuit includes supply module, signal pre-processing circuit,
Central processor unit and wireless data transceiver module；Described signal pre-processing circuit includes amplification module, filtration module and data
Select module；Described data selecting module gates pressure transducer successively, the voltage of pressure transducer output through amplification module with
And entrance central processor unit carries out analog digital conversion after filtration module, the data after conversion are sent to by wireless data transceiver module
Client；
Described client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, data memory module, number
According to processing module, image display module and control module, after wireless data receipt modules receives the signal that internal circuit sends,
On its graphical interfaces, the pressure suffered by spherome surface and spheroid table is demonstrated after carrying out caching, calibrate, store and analyzing and processing
The change of surface current rate of flow of fluid and distribution situation.
Further, described central processor unit uses ARM single-chip microcomputer, and filtration module uses MAX262 programmable filter,
Wireless data transceiver module uses bluetooth module and wifi module ESP8266；The concrete structure of described internal circuit is as follows: monolithic
Machine P1～P7 port control MAX262 programmable filter by 54HC373, and described MAX262 programmable filter outfan accesses single
The ADC port of sheet machine, anode and the negative terminal of sensor access amplifying circuit, letter respectively through two multiway analog switch ADG732
Number amplified circuit is linked into filter input end through the buffer circuit being made up of amplifier after amplifying, wherein multiway analog switch by
Single-chip microcomputer P2.0～P2.3 port controlling；HC-05 bluetooth module is connected to the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer in order to send data, bluetooth module
Can be used alone with wifi module ESP8266 or use simultaneously, both opening and closings are controlled by P3.0 and P3.1 respectively.
Further, the particular circuit configurations of described amplification module is as follows: signal inputs the positive and negative of instrumentation amplifier AD602 respectively
Input port, the normal voltage of 5V after electric resistance partial pressure after amplifier AD705 as ADC simulation ground electricity
Pressure；The amplified device of signal is amplified in the ADC of single-chip microcomputer.
Further, described filtration module uses programmable filter, and described programmable filter is controlled by central processor unit, profit
With central processor unit, the data read when previous round are detected, if noise exceedes threshold value or the useful signal that filters surpasses
When crossing threshold value, then central processor unit control wave filter is automatically adjusted its parameter；The most described filtration module signal is connected to visitor
Family end, it is possible to utilize client to select programmable filter type.Typically, described programmable filter is quadravalence Butterworth low pass
Ripple device.
Further, described client is pc client or cell-phone customer terminal.
Further, described central processor unit uses ARM Cortex M4 family chip, utilizes its internal 12 gradually
Approach type ADC carries out digital-to-analogue conversion operation, and the data after analog digital conversion also need to carry out non-linear and temperature drift,
Noise level detection and calibration operation；Because single-chip microcomputer poll reads sensing data needs the regular hour, so taking often to take turns
When reading sensor, each sensor is required for reading the scheme of twice according to order, and by the data of the comprehensive twi-read of rule
Obtain the sensor values of epicycle.
Further, described central processor unit uses single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is internally embedded in RT-thread single chip microcomputer behaviour
Make system, when every wheel sensor has read, the data after processing are sent out by wireless sending module through the mode of DMA
Deliver to client, the read operation of next round can be carried out during sending data simultaneously.
Further, described data processing module uses digital filter, by observation system inputoutput data, to system shape
State carries out the algorithm of optimal estimation to realize carrying out noisy input and observation signal on the basis of linear condition space representation
Process, ask for system mode or actual signal；And can use support vector method that wind speed is carried out the predicted operation of short-term.
Further, client-side program is when carrying out interpolation fitting operation, and choosing of interpolation point have employed triangle split-run.
Further, described outer layer spherical shell surface scribbles anti-pollution layer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, directly perceived, present when object is placed in a fluid easily, fluid is to the active force of body surface and rate of flow of fluid
Distribution and the situation of change, may be used for showing intuitively wind speed and direction；Simultaneously the most also can be real in the middle of actual engineering survey
The now accurate measurement to wind speed.
2, employing wirelessly communicates the motility enhancing this device with upper computer software.In the case of having network
Optional Network Interface Module is by wind speed ball access network, it is achieved remote, for a long time monitoring and measurement work.
3, while obtaining spherome surface pressure transducer numerical value, the temperature and humidity numerical value of fluid is also obtained, it is achieved that to reality
Test the automatic correction of result.Client uses mathematical method in terms of data process, and the method using digital filtering to process reduces
Error, and take into account the impact on wind speed and direction Accurate Prediction of the historical record value so that measure closer to truth.
4, providing the graphical operation interface being easily understood, it is little that layman learns cost, convenient grasp.Described visitor
Family end provides operational controls simultaneously so that corresponding parameter of measuring can be fitted by the operator possessing certain professional skill
When amendment so that this system adapts to the experiment that has higher requirements and measures operation occasion.
5, low in energy consumption, use the mode of the single gating of a certain time data to gather the data of sensor so that at synchronization only
There is a sensor in work, and the public amplification of all pressure transducers and filter circuit, preferably solve because sensor is many
The power consumption brought and driving force problem more.
6, accurate.Accuracy can be embodied in the following aspects: 1 wind speed spherical zone has temperature and humidity sensing module, permissible
Wind speed is carried out suitable correction operation；2 with programmable filter, automatically can be adjusted according to practical situation, effectively
Ground suppression noise；3, it is contemplated that reading poll reading sensor needs the regular hour, uses each secondary of taking turns read and carry out
The method of parameters revision makes data keep to a certain extent synchronizing；4 wind speed balls and software end carry out repeatedly software to data
Calibration operation, greatly reduces device non-linearity and brings and the impact of circuit noise；5 scm softwares use embedding
Enter real time operating system, it is ensured that the accuracy of timing and the stability of program；6 clients consider history value and predictive value
Impact, efficiently solves the coarse problem of the measurement brought by random disturbance.
7, can realize multi-platform test, PC end, movable terminal can realize the measurement operation of wind speed.Largely meet
The field research of many situations, experiment and measurement demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of wind speed ball integrated system；In figure: 1 be the wind speed detection outer spherical shell of ball, 2 be sensitive pressure biography
Sensor, 3 be temperature sensor, 4 be the wind speed detection support bar of ball, 5 be base, 6 be humidity sensor, 7 objective for PC
Family end, 8 it is cell-phone customer terminal；
Fig. 2 is to be designated A group and the pressure transducer of B group, the temperature sensor of numbered C group and numbering on outer layer spherical shell
Distribution situation for the humidity sensor of D group.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of wind speed detection ball；In figure: 1 is the wind speed detection outer spherical shell of ball, surface scribble anti-pollution layer,
2 be sensitive pressure transducer, 3 be temperature sensor, 4 be wind speed detection the support bar of ball, 5 for base, 6 for humidity biography
Sensor, 9 be wind speed detection ball internal layer spherical shell, 10 be battery, 11 be pcb board, 12 be signal pre-processing circuit, 13 be
Central processor unit, 14 it is data transmit-receive module；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of wind speed detection ball internal circuit；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the amplifier shown in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the logic diagram that wind speed ball internal mode massing data process；
Fig. 7 is the blocking data processing logic diagram of upper computer software；
Fig. 8 is the workflow diagram of upper computer software；
The situation of surface triangle segmentation during Fig. 9 spherome surface interpolation；
Figure 10 is the INTERFACE DESIGN of upper computer software；Wherein: A figure is the display figure at main interface, B, C, D, E are for clicking on
The dialog box ejected during corresponding button.
Figure 11 demonstrates several relatively simple working condition being likely encountered when spheroid is placed in wind field；A figure is from level
The situation that direction is seen, B, C, D figure is top view.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
As Figure 1-3, a kind of wind speed ball integrated system, including wind speed detection ball and client.Described wind speed detection ball is
The Double-layer Plastic pellet of smooth outer surface, surface scribbles and uniformly offers 14 air vents on the outer spherical shell 1 of anti-pollution layer, each
The sensitive pressure transducer 2 that a signal is connected to the internal circuit of wind speed detection ball it is provided with in air vent, described
The air vent seamless link that pressure transducer 2 is corresponding.14 pressure transducers are divided into A group and B group, only extract A
The numerical value of group sensor just can realize basic measurement operation, needs to extract A group and B group when needs precise manipulation when
The numerical value of all the sensors.Meanwhile, outer spherical shell 1 surface is also evenly arranged four signals and is connected to the inside of wind speed detection ball
The temperature sensor 3 of circuit, installation method is identical with the installation method of described sensitive pressure transducer 2.Described wind speed detects
Ball is connected by support bar 4 is fixing with base 5, and described support bar 4 is hollow structure, and support bar is provided with humidity sensor
Device 6, described humidity sensor 6 is connected to the internal circuit of wind speed detection ball by the wire within support bar.Temperature is passed
Sensor 6 is placed on support bar the impact that can avoid sun direct projection with hydrops；Place it in and can reduce it on pole as far as possible
Impact on wind field.
Such as Fig. 3, shown in 6, the internal circuit of described wind speed detection ball is arranged at the pcb board in wind speed detection ball internal layer spherical shell
On 11, internal circuit includes that supply module 10, signal pre-processing circuit 12, central processor unit 13 and wireless data are received
Send out module 14；Described signal pre-processing circuit 12 includes amplification module, filtration module and data selecting module.Described data
Selecting module to gate pressure transducer successively, the voltage of pressure transducer output enters after amplification module and filtration module
Central processor unit carries out analog digital conversion, and the data after conversion are sent to client by wireless data transceiver module.
As it is shown in fig. 7, described client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, number
According to memory module, data processing module, image display module and control module, wireless data receipt modules receives internal electricity
After the signal that road sends, on its graphical interfaces, after carrying out caching, calibrate, store and analyzing and processing, demonstrate spheroid intuitively
Pressure suffered by surface and the change of spherome surface rate of flow of fluid and distribution situation.
Wind speed detecting ball be placed in fluid environment, after using upper computer software to open measurement function, upper computer software sends
Signal wakes up single-chip microcomputer up, and single-chip microcomputer can control the co-ordination of each module further.If select is simplifying mode, as
Shown in Fig. 2, the Single-chip Controlling of ball interior need not read the data of B group sensor, if select is complete pattern, then
The single-chip microcomputer of ball interior reads the data of all pressure transducers.Each pressure transducer is powered through mu balanced circuit,
Signal, interrupt operation can be sent to client when spread of voltage when.As shown in Figure 4, due to described wind speed detection
Ball surface is disposed with substantial amounts of sensor, for the cost-effective and stability of raising circuit, utilizes multi-path choice analog switch
ADG732 realizes one sensor of gating every time and is read out, and the signal of the sensor transmissions being strobed is faint simulation letter
Number, need the amplifying circuit using low noise that signal is amplified.The internal circuit configuration of concrete wind speed detection ball is as follows:
Single-chip microcomputer P1～P7 port control MAX262 programmable filter, described filtering by 54HC373 (eight D-type latches)
Device outfan accesses the ADC port of single-chip microcomputer, and the anode of sensor and negative terminal are respectively through two multiway analog switches
ADG732 accesses amplifying circuit, and the amplified buffer circuit through being made up of amplifier of signal is linked into filter input end,
Wherein multiway analog switch is by single-chip microcomputer P2.0～P2.3 port controlling；HC-05 bluetooth module is connected to the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer and uses
To send data, bluetooth module can be used alone with wifi module ESP8266 or use simultaneously, and both opening and closings are respectively
Controlled by P3.0 and P3.1.
It is illustrated in figure 5 the circuit diagram of the amplifier shown in Fig. 4；In figure: electric bridge represents sensor, signal inputs respectively
The positive-negative input end mouth of instrumentation amplifier AD602, the normal voltage of 5V after electric resistance partial pressure through amplifier AD705
Afterwards as the analog ground voltage of ADC；The amplified device of signal is amplified in the ADC of single-chip microcomputer.In the present invention
In order to improve the accuracy that data are amplified, amplifying circuit employs instrumentation amplifier AD602, and it is high defeated that this makes this circuit have
Enter impedance, the feature of high anti-noise ability.Further, the signal through amplifying also needs to through by program control filtering MAX262
For central processor unit (single-chip microcomputer) just can be delivered to after the processing of circuit of core.Central processor unit can be read when previous round
The data taken detect, if noise useful signal that is excessive or that filter is too much, then central processor unit can control filter
Ripple device is automatically adjusted its parameter, to reach requirement.The parameter of wave filter can also accept the control of client software simultaneously,
Client can select programmable filter type, it is achieved the demand of different operating occasion, and generally, software default filters
Device is quadravalence Butterworth LPF.
Central processor unit uses ARM Cortex M4 family chip, has superpower DSP ability and relative moderate
Price, utilizes its 12 internal SAR ADC modules to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion operation, the number after analog digital conversion
According to also needing to carry out non-linear and temperature drift, noise level detection and calibration operation.Because single-chip microcomputer poll reads sensing
Device data need the regular hour, and during so taking often to take turns reading sensor, each sensor is required for reading two according to order
Secondary scheme, and the sensor values of epicycle is obtained by the data of the comprehensive twi-read of rule.Open as often taken turns under simplifying mode
Beginning to read according to the mode of A1 to A6, then the mode according still further to A6 to A1 reads, and uses different weights to put down
Weigh twice measured value.The numerical value of temperature sensor and humidity sensor is read after pressure transducer has read.In order to protect
Card data manipulation is accurately carried out, and single-chip microcomputer is internally embedded RT-thread single-chip microcomputer Chip Operating System, thus substantially increases journey
The stability of sequence.When every wheel sensor has read, the data after processing are passed through wireless through the mode of DMA
Send module to be sent to client, being read of next round can be carried out during sending data.If wireless receiving and dispatching
Module uses bluetooth, then can be used for the measurement of closer distance；In the case of having network, ESP8266 module can be used,
By wind speed ball access network, it is achieved remotely measure.
As it is shown in fig. 7, software receipt first carries out buffer operation to data, at automatic calibration module after sending the data come
In data are carried out encoding calibration, if data correctly, preserve data, otherwise abandon the data of epicycle.Further, counting
According to analyzing the history value measured several times before combination in module, data being carried out integrated treatment analysis, described data processing module includes
Kalman's digital filtering, the calculating of flow velocity, force value and the SVM prediction of flow velocity, interpolation fitting etc..Subsequently at figure
Show intuitively on shape interface fluid for the distribution of the pressure of body surface and situation of change and body surface rate of flow of fluid point
Cloth situation.According to different use environment, parameter can be entered in window control by the operator possessing certain Professional knowledge
Row is corresponding to be adjusted, and display and the effect measured can be made more preferable.These parameters described include the smooth coefficients on surface,
Local atmospheric pressure, the type etc. of wind speed ball filters internal.
As shown in Figure 8, described data processing module is focused on the relation combining current data with historical data, such
Design take into account the seriality of things development in the objective world, can eliminate due to sensor noise to a certain extent
The Random Effect that factor produces can not be surveyed with environment.Specifically, digital filter is used, by observation system input and output
Data, carry out the algorithm of optimal estimation to realize on the basis of linear condition space representation noisy defeated to system mode
Enter and process with observation signal, ask for system mode or actual signal.Methods such as supporting vector is used can wind speed to be carried out
The predicted operation of short-term.The short-term forecast of wind speed is a kind of technology used in wind-power electricity generation, applies the method to wind speed
Noise jamming can be preferably eliminated in the middle of Ce Lianging.Certainly, user can select the short-term closing wind speed pre-in practical operation
Survey operation.
As shown in Figure 9, program does not use the longitude and latitude split-run of routine when carrying out interpolation fitting operation, because so
The sphere that splits is the most uneven, and it is the most intensive to there is some local interpolation point, and the most sparse the asking of some places
Topic.Choosing of interpolation point have employed triangle split-run so that the distribution of sphere interpolation point is the most uniform.Interpolation method is defaulted as
Closest to interpolation, user may select bilinear interpolation and third-order spline interpolation.Owing to interpolation point requires at least more than 500,
So difference is not it is obvious that but work as the data volume preserved and the precision meeting of wind direction differentiation in software interface end display effect
Variant.Interpolation is counted and is defaulted as 1000 points, is up to 5000 points.
As shown in Figure 10, it is the operational platform design of software.Wherein A figure is main interface, and described interface display goes out spheroid table
The pressure distribution situation in face and velocity flow profile situation, the arrow in flow rate region indicates the substantially flow direction of wind.Point ball beating body
In any point, the force value of this point and the size and Orientation of flow velocity can be demonstrated.Dark line shows in spheroid and base
Parallel diameter, user can drag spheroid and can rotate, convenient observation.There are a series of button and display in the left side, interface
The region of currently used measurement time.Click on button and can eject the dialog box that can carry out parameter modification, subdialogue frame such as figure
Shown in B, C, D, E, the stain in dialog box represents single choice, and square frame represents final election.User is by amendment dialog box
Parameter is so that system better adapts to different measurement environment.
As shown in figure 11, under simplifying mode, A is the image observed from horizontal direction, and B, C, D are top view.
In A figure, now wind blows to spheroid from the direction being parallel to horizontal plane with less flow velocity, and now A1 pressure experienced is
Greatly, there is negative pressure in A2.If now shown from the situation such as B figure overlooking direction observation spheroid, ball is just blown by wind, then A3,
Force value suffered by A4, A5, A6 should time identical；If it is now shown from the situation such as C figure overlooking direction observation spheroid,
Ball is just blown by wind, then A3, and A4 pressure value is identical, and the force value suffered by A5 with A6 is identical, and suffered by A4
Pressure is less than the pressure suffered by A5.If wind speed is bigger, as shown in figure D, turbulent flow will be formed at spheroid rear, now use
Complete measument pattern will obtain more preferable effect.
The present invention has a following advantage:
Advantage 1, uses the mode of radio communication to be attached with upper computer software so that this device has sizable spirit
Activity.In the case of having network, optional Network Interface Module is by wind speed ball access network, it is achieved remote, for a long time
Monitoring and measurement work.
Advantage 2, low in energy consumption, use the mode of the single gating of a certain time data to gather the data of sensor so that same
Moment only one of which sensor is in work, and all pressure transducers share and amplify and filter circuit, preferably solve because passing
The numerous power consumption brought of sensor and driving force problem.
Advantage 3, accurately.Accuracy can be embodied in the following aspects: 1 wind speed spherical zone has temperature and humidity sensing module,
Wind speed can be carried out suitable correction operation；2 with programmable filter, automatically can be adjusted according to practical situation,
Effectively suppress noise；3, it is contemplated that reading poll reading sensor needs the regular hour, use each secondary of taking turns to read also
The method carrying out parameters revision makes data keep to a certain extent synchronizing；Data are carried out repeatedly by 4 wind speed balls and software end
Software calibration operates, and greatly reduces device non-linearity and brings and the impact of circuit noise；5 scm softwares are adopted
With embedding real time operating system, it is ensured that the accuracy of timing and the stability of program；6 clients consider history value and prediction
The impact of value, efficiently solves the coarse problem of the measurement brought by random disturbance.
Advantage 4, it is possible to achieve multi-platform test, PC end, movable terminal can realize the measurement operation of wind speed.Very great Cheng
The field research of many situations, experiment and measurement demand is met on degree.
Advantage 5, automaticity is high, and the internal filter circuit of wind speed ball can be according to actual signal acquisition situation to a certain degree
On can automatically adjust；Client software plug and play, it is not necessary to the knowledge of specialty just can complete experiment and measure operation,
It is little that operator learn cost.
Advantage 6, controllable degree is high.Software end interactive interface provides measuring wind speed ball parameter and software end data processing mode
Option, relevant staff can select suitable parameter according to practical situation, with the satisfied actual demand measured.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: those skilled in the art are come
Saying, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvement and equivalent, right of the present invention is wanted by these
Ask improve with equivalent after technical scheme, each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a wind speed ball integrated system, it is characterised in that include wind speed detection ball and client；Described wind speed detection ball is outward
Ganoid Double-layer Plastic pellet, described Double-layer Plastic pellet is respectively outer layer spherical shell (1) and internal layer spherical shell (9)；Described outer layer ball
Uniformly offer several first air vents on shell (1), in each first air vent, be provided with a pressure transducer (2)；
The first air vent seamless link that described pressure transducer (2) is corresponding, and signal be connected to be arranged in internal layer spherical shell interior
Portion's circuit；
Uniformly offer several the second air vents on described outer layer spherical shell (1), in each second air vent, be provided with a temperature
Degree sensor (3)；The second air vent seamless link that described temperature sensor (3) is corresponding, and signal is connected to internal electricity
Road；
Described wind speed detection ball is connected by support bar (4) and base (5) are fixing, and described support bar (4) is hollow structure,
And humidity sensor (6) is installed on support bar, described humidity sensor (6) is connected to by the conductor signal within support bar
Internal circuit；
On the pcb board (11) that described internal circuit is arranged in internal layer spherical shell, internal circuit includes supply module (10), signal
Pretreatment circuit (12), central processor unit (13) and wireless data transceiver module (14)；Described signal pre-processing circuit
(12) amplification module, filtration module and data selecting module are included；Described data selecting module gates pressure transducer successively,
The voltage of pressure transducer output enters central processor unit after amplification module and filtration module and carries out analog digital conversion, turns
Data after changing are sent to client by wireless data transceiver module；
Described client includes wireless data receipt modules, data cache module, data calibration module, data memory module, number
According to processing module, image display module and control module, after wireless data receipt modules receives the signal that internal circuit sends,
On its graphical interfaces, the pressure suffered by spherome surface and spheroid table is demonstrated after carrying out caching, calibrate, store and analyzing and processing
The change of surface current rate of flow of fluid and distribution situation.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described central processor unit (13)
Using ARM single-chip microcomputer, filtration module uses MAX262 programmable filter, and wireless data transceiver module (14) uses bluetooth mould
Block and wifi module ESP8266；The concrete structure of described internal circuit is as follows: single-chip microcomputer P1～P7 port are controlled by 54HC373
MAX262 programmable filter processed, described MAX262 programmable filter outfan accesses the ADC port of single-chip microcomputer, and sensor is just
End and negative terminal access amplifying circuit respectively through two multiway analog switch ADG732, through by transporting after the amplification of signal amplified circuit
The buffer circuit putting composition is linked into filter input end, and wherein multiway analog switch is by single-chip microcomputer P2.0～P2.3 port controlling；
HC-05 bluetooth module is connected to the serial ports of single-chip microcomputer in order to send data, and bluetooth module can be independent with wifi module ESP8266
Using or use simultaneously, both opening and closings are controlled by P3.0 and P3.1 respectively.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described amplification module concrete
Circuit structure is as follows: signal inputs the positive-negative input end mouth of instrumentation amplifier AD602 respectively, and the normal voltage of 5V is divided through resistance
After pressure after amplifier AD705 analog ground voltage as ADC；The amplified device of signal is amplified into single-chip microcomputer
ADC in.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described filtration module uses program control filter
Ripple device, described programmable filter is controlled by central processor unit, utilizes the central processor unit data to reading when previous round
Detecting, if noise exceedes threshold value or the useful signal that filters exceedes threshold value, then central processor unit controls wave filter
It is automatically adjusted its parameter；The most described filtration module signal is connected to client, it is possible to utilize client to select programmable filter class
Type.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described client is pc client
Or cell-phone customer terminal.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described central processor unit uses
ARM Cortex M4 family chip, utilizes its 12 internal SAR ADC modules to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion operation, passes through
Data after analog digital conversion also need to carry out non-linear and temperature drift, noise level detection and calibration operation；Because single-chip microcomputer
Poll reads sensing data needs the regular hour, during so taking often to take turns reading sensor, each sensor be required for according to
Order reads the scheme of twice, and obtains the sensor values of epicycle by the data of the comprehensive twi-read of rule.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described central processor unit uses
Single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is internally embedded RT-thread single-chip microcomputer Chip Operating System, when every wheel sensor has read, will pass through
Data after process are sent to client through the mode of DMA by wireless sending module, can be same during sending data
The read operation of Shi Jinhang next round.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described data processing module uses number
Word wave filter, by observation system inputoutput data, carries out the algorithm of optimal estimation to realize at linear condition to system mode
On the basis of space representation, noisy input and observation signal are processed, ask for system mode or actual signal；And can
Use support vector method that wind speed carries out the predicted operation of short-term.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that client-side program is carrying out interpolation plan
During closing operation, choosing of interpolation point have employed triangle split-run.
A kind of wind speed ball integrated system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described outer layer spherical shell (1) surface
Scribble anti-pollution layer.
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| CN105974152B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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