CN109879564B - Biological treatment method of municipal sludge - Google Patents
Biological treatment method of municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological treatment method of municipal sludge. The invention firstly discloses a biological agent for sludge treatment, which comprises a compound flora formed by compounding compound saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K-12. The invention further discloses a biological treatment method of municipal sludge, which comprises the following steps: (1) Crushing the municipal sludge surface layer, inoculating the crushed municipal sludge surface layer into the sludge treatment biological agent, watering and turning over the sludge to perform primary fermentation; (2) And (3) sprinkling a composite rhizopus preparation into the material after the first fermentation for the second fermentation, and then planting the pennisetum hydridum. The invention adopts a biological treatment method combining microorganism treatment and plant planting to treat municipal sludge, can improve the content of organic matters and degrade harmful matters such as heavy metals in a short period, activates the sludge and increases the diversity of beneficial microorganism communities in the sludge, and can change a sludge storage yard into a fertile farmland, thereby fundamentally solving the problem that municipal sludge is difficult to treat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a municipal sludge treatment method, and belongs to the field of biological treatment of municipal sludge.
Background
Municipal sludge refers to sludge other than domestic sludge generated by sewage treatment of municipal sewage plants. Such as: municipal excavation of various sludge except garbage, which is generated by dredging subways, rivers and lakes. Such sludge is present in each city of china, and about 200 ten thousand cubic meters exist in the metropolitan area. The sludge has different and more complex components and has the following common points: the method has few harmful substances and low resource utilization value. The storage yard occupies a large amount of land resources, can pollute the surrounding environment and is harmful to the health of residents. How to treat the foul mud is a difficult point to be solved urgently.
The removal difficulty of harmful substances in municipal sludge is relatively small, but the municipal sludge is dead soil which lacks activity, the organic matter content is extremely low (most of the municipal sludge is about 0.1% -0.3%), the living environment of microorganisms is poor, and the difficulty is increased for treatment; and the greening of plant growth cannot be realized. How to turn it into "living soil" and quickly increase its organic matter to more than 1%, is a difficult task. Conclusion of scientist study: the natural increase of 1% of organic matter content of soil takes 500 years. The organic content of the soil surface layer is increased by 1% by applying the organic fertilizer into the soil, and more than 10 tons of standard organic fertilizer is applied per mu. The method not only aggravates the treatment cost, but also causes secondary pollution to the environment due to excessive fertilization, and the applied organic matter consumes very fast.
Therefore, if a biological treatment method for effectively degrading harmful substances in municipal sludge and increasing the organic matter content of the municipal sludge is developed, the biological treatment method has great significance for the treatment of the municipal sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a biological agent for sludge treatment;
the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the application of the biological agent for sludge treatment in municipal sludge treatment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a biological agent for sludge treatment, which comprises a composite flora; the compound flora comprises compound saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA; the volume ratio of the composite saccharomycetes is as follows: bacillus subtilis: beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tkta=2: 1:1.
wherein the composite yeast consists of beer yeast, sake yeast, wine yeast and bread yeast; preferably, the beer yeast comprises the following components in percentage by volume: sake yeast: wine yeast: baker's yeast = 1:1:1:1. the preservation number of the escherichia coli K12-tKtA is ACCC03684.
The preparation of the complex bacterial colony comprises the following steps: and (3) inoculating the composite saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA into the culture medium A according to a proportion, and sealing and fermenting to obtain the recombinant escherichia coli. Total volume of composite yeast, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA: medium a=1: 100. the fermentation time is 72-120 hours, and the temperature is 28-36 ℃; and (3) timely discharging gas generated by fermentation during fermentation, and stirring for 1-2 times per day. After fermentation is completed, detecting that the number of viable bacteria of the composite yeast is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, the number of bacillus is more than or equal to 0.5 hundred million/ml, the number of viable bacteria of the escherichia coli K12-tKtA is more than or equal to 0.5 hundred million/ml, and the number of effective viable bacteria of the composite yeast is more than or equal to 3 hundred million/ml, namely the composite yeast is qualified.
The specific strains of the lager brewing yeast, the sake yeast, the wine yeast and the baker's yeast are not particularly limited, and all commercially available strains are suitable for the present invention.
Wherein, the raw materials of the culture medium A comprise: the potato peeling agent comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of water, 200 parts of peeled fresh potato (sliced), 20 parts of agar, 100 parts of glucose powder, 2 parts of urea, 0.3 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.08 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 200 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 350 parts of calcium carbonate. The preparation of the culture medium A comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing water and other raw materials except fresh potato, sterilizing (specifically, maintaining the temperature at 125 ℃ for 30 minutes in an autoclave), and cooling to normal temperature to obtain sterilized materials; boiling water and fresh potato for 20 minutes, filtering, removing residues to obtain juice, adding boiled water to 1000 parts of juice, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain potato water; adding sterilized materials into potato water, heating to 100deg.C, maintaining for 1 min (heating while stirring to get gelatinized material), and cooling to 20deg.C.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the biological agent for sludge treatment, which comprises the following steps: and (3) inoculating the composite flora into a culture medium B, and sealing and fermenting to obtain the microbial inoculum. The compound bacterial group comprises the following components in percentage by volume: medium b=1: 1000. preferably, the fermentation temperature is 28-36 ℃ and the fermentation time is 15 days; and (3) during fermentation, timely discharging gas generated by fermentation, and stirring for 1-2 times per day. After fermentation is finished, the total number of detected effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, and the result is qualified.
Wherein, the raw materials of the culture medium B comprise: the potato starch beverage comprises, by weight, 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of potato powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.5 part of seaweed extract, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar. The preparation of the culture medium B comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials except water, sterilizing (specifically, placing in an autoclave to keep the temperature at 125 ℃ for about 30 minutes), and cooling to normal temperature; and (3) placing the sterilized materials into water, heating and stirring until the materials are gelatinized, maintaining the temperature at 100 ℃ for 1 minute, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
The invention also discloses application of the biological agent for sludge treatment in municipal sludge treatment.
The invention further discloses a biological treatment method of municipal sludge, which comprises the following steps: (1) Crushing the surface layer of municipal sludge, inoculating the sludge treatment biological agent disclosed by the invention, watering and turning over the material to perform primary fermentation; (2) Sprinkling a compound rhizopus preparation into the material after the primary fermentation is completed, and carrying out secondary fermentation at normal temperature; and after the second fermentation is finished, planting the pennisetum hydridum, and carrying out conventional management.
Wherein, step (1) further comprises: leveling municipal sludge to ensure that the thickness of the sludge is less than or equal to 5 meters, preferably 2-3 meters; ditching (isolating from the outside and preventing flooding) around the municipal sludge storage yard, and screening to prevent collapse after slope protection around; preferably, the trench is 1m deep. Step (1) inoculating 10-15kg of sludge treatment biological agent per cubic meter; the depth of the surface layer in the step (1) is 0.5-1m; the crushing is carried out until the granularity is 50 meshes; the watering is to make the water content of the material be 45-60%. Turning materials to form a strip stack with the width of 5 meters and the height of 2 meters; the fermentation of step (1) comprises: turning every 2-3 days, and covering (sun-proof and rain-proof) after each turning; fermentation time was 30 days (days not counted at ambient temperature below 5 ℃); and (5) flattening again after fermentation to prepare a field block.
The mass ratio of the fermented material in the step (2) to the composite rhizopus preparation is 100:1-10; the fermentation conditions of the second time are as follows: fermenting at 10-30deg.C for 2-10 days; the planting amount of the pennisetum hydridum is 800-1200 plants per mu.
The preparation of the compound rhizopus preparation comprises the following steps: inoculating the compound rhizopus into a culture medium, and sealing and fermenting to obtain the compound rhizopus. The compound rhizopus is as follows by volume ratio: medium = 0.1:100.
wherein the complex rhizopus comprises: rhizopus nigricans, rhizopus oryzae, and rhizopus arrhizus; rhizopus nigricans: rhizopus oryzae: rhizopus arrhizus = 1:1:1. the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃; during fermentation, the fermentation gas is discharged in time, and stirred for 2-3 times per day until no gas (no bubbles) is discharged from the tank; the fermentation time was 15 days. Wherein, the raw materials of the culture medium comprise: the potato starch comprises, by weight, 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of potato powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of calcium carbonate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar. The preparation of the culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials except water, adding into water, heating, stirring, stopping heating when boiling (100deg.C), and cooling to room temperature (below 35deg.C).
The compounding of the rhizopus group comprises the following steps: activating rhizopus nigricans, rhizopus oryzae and rhizopus parvulus strains according to a volume ratio of 1:1:1, compounding. 1ml of the composite bacterial suspension is transplanted into 100ml of culture medium and cultured at the constant temperature of 28-32 ℃. The culture medium consists of the following components: the potato peeling agent comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of water, 200 parts of peeled fresh potato, 20 parts of agar, 100 parts of glucose powder, 2 parts of urea, 0.3 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.08 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate (7 water), 200 parts of zinc sulfate (7 water) and 350 parts of calcium carbonate. Firstly, mixing all materials except water and fresh potato, and then placing the mixture in a sterilizing pot, and sterilizing the mixture for 30 minutes at the temperature of 125 ℃ for later use; cutting peeled fresh potato into slices, adding 1000 parts of water, boiling (at 100 ℃) for about 20 minutes, filtering to obtain clear juice, adding boiled water to 1000 parts of potato water, and cooling to room temperature; placing the sterilized materials into potato water, heating to 100deg.C (stirring to pasty state), boiling for about 1 min, cooling to 20deg.C, and inoculating into compound bacteria group for culturing. The culture period is 72-120 hours. Detecting that the number of the viable bacteria of each strain is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the total number of the effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 3 hundred million/ml, namely the strain is qualified.
The specific strains of rhizopus nigricans, rhizopus oryzae, and rhizopus arrhizus are not particularly limited in the present invention, and commercially available strains as described above are suitable for the present invention.
The municipal sludge treatment method provided by the invention further comprises the following steps: and spreading a biological organic fertilizer 2 months after the pennisetum hydridum is planted. Preferably, the spreading amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 300 kg/mu. Further preferably, when the pennisetum hydridum grows to be 5 meters in height (about 5 months after planting), the pennisetum hydridum is cut off (about 10cm of piles are reserved), and a bio-organic fertilizer is applied; the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 200 kg per mu. And the like until the organic matters in the soil reach more than 1 percent; the treatment period still needs 3-5 years. The bio-organic fertilizer can be any conventional bio-organic fertilizer.
The comparison result of the main nutritional components and the main heavy metal content of the municipal sludge before and after treatment shows that the biological treatment method can improve the organic matter content and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the municipal sludge after treatment and effectively degrade harmful heavy metal elements such as lead, cadmium, copper and the like.
The invention carries out harmless treatment on municipal sludge and afforests a storage yard into environment-friendly type, and the treatment cost is inversely proportional to the treatment capacity, namely, the treatment cost is large, the treatment cost is low, and the treatment cost is small and high. The pilot scale process was simulated at 1000 cubic meters and at a cost of up to 600 yuan per cubic meter. According to the measurement and calculation of 200 ten thousand cubic meters of treatment, the method is used for greening and controlling the sludge storage yard with harmless emission, and the treatment cost per cubic meter is about 180 yuan.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a biological treatment method, namely a method of combining micro organisms (microorganisms) and macro organisms (plants) to treat municipal sludge, which not only eliminates harmful substances in municipal sludge, but also activates sludge and increases the diversity of beneficial microbial communities in sludge, thereby realizing the improvement of the organic matter content in a short period, and the sludge storage yard can be changed into a good land through further deep treatment, thereby fundamentally solving the treatment problem of municipal sludge.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description. It should be understood that the embodiments described are exemplary only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions can be made in the details and form of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, but these changes and substitutions fall within the scope of the present invention.
1. Strain
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, accession number ACCC 21135; sake yeast, accession number is ACCC 20045; all purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms.
Wine yeast, accession number is cic 31551; baker's yeast, accession number CICC 1532, was purchased from China industry microbiological culture Collection center.
Bacillus subtilis, accession number ACCC 01185, purchased from China center for type culture collection of agricultural microorganisms.
Rhizopus nigricans with deposit number ACCC 31509; rhizopus oryzae with accession number ACCC 30416; rhizopus arrhizus, with a deposit number of ACCC 30300; all purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms.
Example 1 preparation method of biological agent for sludge treatment
1. Composition of complex flora
1. Composite saccharomycetes: beer yeast, sake yeast, wine yeast and bread yeast are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 composite (volume ratio).
2. Bacillus subtilis.
3. Beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA (Eschericnia coli K-12) (purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms, with a preservation number of ACCC 03684), and the strain has degradation effect on 20 or more heavy metal elements.
The compound flora is prepared from the 3 bacteria according to the volume ratio: composite saccharomycetes: bacillus subtilis: coli K12-tkta=2: 1:1.
2. method for producing composite flora
1. The composite saccharomycete, bacillus and colibacillus K12-tKtA are inoculated into the culture medium A in proportion.
2. Preparation of culture medium A:
the raw materials are as follows in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 200 parts of peeled fresh potato (sliced), 20 parts of agar, 100 parts of glucose powder, 2 parts of urea, 0.3 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.08 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate (7 water), 200 parts of zinc sulfate (7 water) and 350 parts of calcium carbonate.
Mixing the above water and fresh potato, sterilizing at 125deg.C for 30 min, and cooling to room temperature.
Boiling water and fresh potato for about 20 minutes, filtering with double-layer gauze to remove residue, adding boiled water to 1000 parts (potato water), and cooling to normal temperature for use.
Pouring all the sterilized materials into potato water, heating to 100deg.C for 1 min, stopping heating, and cooling to 20deg.C to obtain culture medium A. During the heating process, the mixture is heated and stirred to form a gelatinized material.
3. Inoculating: according to the volume ratio, the compound bacteria group: medium a=1: 100. the inoculation should be performed in a sterile room.
4. The inoculated culture medium A should be fermented in a sealed manner. And (3) discharging the gas generated by fermentation in time, and stirring for 1-2 times per day. Fermentation takes about 72-120 hours.
5. After fermentation is completed, detecting that the number of viable bacteria of the composite yeast is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, the number of bacillus is more than or equal to 0.5 hundred million/ml, the number of viable bacteria of the escherichia coli K12K 12-tKtA is more than or equal to 0.5 hundred million/ml, and the number of effective viable bacteria of the composite yeast is more than or equal to 3 hundred million/ml, namely the composite yeast is qualified. Quantitatively split charging, and refrigerating and preserving at 6-10 ℃. And (5) preparing the complex bacterial colony.
3. Preparation of composite preparation
1. Preparation of medium B:
the raw materials are as follows in parts by weight: 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of potato powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.5 part of seaweed extract, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar.
All the above raw materials except water are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is placed in an autoclave to keep the temperature at 125 ℃ for about 30 minutes and then cooled to normal temperature.
And (3) putting all the sterilized materials into water, heating and stirring until the materials are gelatinized, stopping heating after the materials stay at the temperature of 100 ℃ for about 1 minute, and cooling to the room temperature. And (5) finishing the preparation of the culture medium B.
2. Inoculating: inoculating the complex bacterial colony into a culture medium B, wherein the complex bacterial colony comprises the following components in percentage by volume: medium b=1: 1000, inoculation should be performed under sterile conditions.
3. And (3) placing the culture medium B inoculated with the composite flora into a fermentation tank for sealing fermentation, timely discharging gas generated by fermentation, and stirring for 1-2 times each day during the fermentation, wherein the environment temperature is preferably 28-36 ℃. Fermentation takes about 15 days to complete. After fermentation is finished, the total number of detected effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, and the result is qualified. Quantitatively packaging, and keeping the quality for 2 years at normal temperature.
EXAMPLE 2 compounding of rhizopus and preparation and preservation of the compounded rhizopus preparation
1. Compounding of rhizopus groups
The complex Rhizopus is prepared from Rhizopus nigricans (r. Nigricans), rhizopus oryzae (r. Oryzae went etpr. Gel), and Rhizopus parvulus (r. Arrhizus) in Rhizopus (Rhizopus) according to a ratio of 1:1:1.
Unsealing: cleaning the bottle body with alcohol with absorbent cotton content of 75%, heating the bottle mouth (cover) at the top end with alcohol burner flame for about 0.5 min, dripping a small amount of sterile water to the heated part, breaking the heated part when cooling, and opening with file or forceps.
Activation of the strain: sucking 6ml of distilled water by using a sterile straw, dripping the distilled water into an ampoule pipe, and then inoculating 6 g of freeze-dried strain into the ampoule pipe; the freeze-dried bacteria are dissolved into suspension by slight shaking, and activated under the constant temperature condition of 6 ℃ to 10 ℃.
The activation method of each strain of the complex bacterial group is the same. The activated strain is calculated according to the volume of 1:1:1, compounding.
1ml of the composite bacterial suspension is sucked and transplanted into a test tube filled with 100ml of culture medium, and the culture is carried out under the constant temperature condition of 28-32 ℃.
The culture medium consists of the following components: 1000 parts of water, 200 parts of peeled fresh potato, 20 parts of agar, 100 parts of glucose powder, 2 parts of urea, 0.3 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.08 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate (7 water), 200 parts of zinc sulfate (7 water) and 350 parts of calcium carbonate. All materials except the water and the fresh potato are mixed and then placed in a sterilizing pot, and sterilized for 30 minutes at the temperature of 125 ℃ for standby.
Cutting peeled fresh potato (200 parts) into slices, adding 1000 parts of water, boiling (100 ℃) for about 20 minutes, filtering with double-layer gauze to obtain clear juice (clear soup), adding boiled water to 1000 parts of potato water, and cooling to room temperature.
Placing the sterilized materials into potato water, heating to 100deg.C (stirring to pasty state), boiling for about 1 min, cooling to 20deg.C, and inoculating into compound bacteria group for culturing. The culture period is 72-120 hours. Detecting that the number of the viable bacteria of each strain is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the total number of the effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 3 hundred million/ml, namely the strain is qualified. Refrigerating at 4-6 deg.c for further use.
Note that: before the activation of the strain, the ampoule is stored in a thermostatic chamber at 6-10 ℃ for activation. The product is preferably stored after lyophilization. Activated (resuscitated) strains are used after 1-2 passages.
The rhizopus group is intolerant to high temperature of above 40 ℃, and the optimal working temperature is 28-32 ℃.
The temporary unopened ampoule is preserved at a low temperature of about 4 ℃ and the effective period of the preservation is usually 1-2 months; if freeze-drying can be increased to 5-10 years.
2. Preparation method and preservation of compound rhizopus agent
Preparation of culture medium:
1. raw materials: 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of potato powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of calcium carbonate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar.
2. All the materials except the water are uniformly mixed, when the materials are mixed, a proper amount (about 30 parts) of water is added, the mixture is stirred and then placed in water (150 parts), heating is carried out while stirring, heating is stopped when the mixture is boiled (100 ℃), and the mixture is cooled to room temperature (lower than 35 ℃) and is preserved in a sterile room for standby.
And (II) inoculation: inoculating the compound rhizopus into the prepared culture medium, wherein the bacterial groups are calculated according to volume ratio: medium = 0.1:100. the inoculation should be performed under sterile conditions.
And (III) fermentation: and (3) filling the inoculated culture medium into a sealed fermentation tank for sealed fermentation, and keeping the ambient temperature at 28-32 ℃. And (3) discharging fermentation gas in time, stirring (stirring) for 2-3 times per day until no gas (no bubbles) is discharged from the tank, and taking about 15 days. And (5) finishing the preparation of the compound rhizopus preparation, and quantitatively packaging. Indoor normal temperature (< 40 ℃) shelf life 24 months.
The compound rhizopus preparation cannot resist the high temperature of more than 40 ℃ and can not participate in high-temperature fermentation. The fermentation liquid is generally used for normal temperature fermentation or added into materials after high temperature fermentation.
EXAMPLE 3 biological treatment of municipal sludge
1. And (3) storage yard arrangement: the municipal sludge storage yard is leveled as much as possible, and the thickness of the sludge is about 2-3m and the thickest is not more than 5 m. The ditch is dug around the yard to a depth of about 1m (isolated from the outside and flooded), and net is added to prevent collapse after slope protection around. In field management, plastics, stones and the like are cleaned out and are used in a centralized way.
2. Crushing the surface layer to about 50 meshes in a size of 0.5 m-1 m. Simultaneously, the sludge treatment biological agent prepared in the example 1 is inoculated (10 kg of sludge treatment biological agent is inoculated per cubic meter and watered to ensure that the water content of the material is 45 percent for the first fermentation).
3. Turning soil (automatically into a long strip pile with the width of 5m and the height of about 2 m, turning every 2-3 days, covering (sun-proof and rain-proof) after each turning, and leveling again to form a field after about 30 days (the environmental temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the days are not counted).
4. The compound rhizopus preparation prepared in example 2 (the mass ratio of the material after the first fermentation to the compound rhizopus preparation is 100:5) is scattered into the material after the first fermentation, the main nutrition component and the main heavy metal content are detected after fermentation for 10 days at the normal temperature of 10-30 ℃ and compared with the material before the treatment, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of Pre-and post-treatment results for municipal sludge
5. Planting pennisetum hydridum, 800 plants per mu.
6. About 2 months after the cultivation of the jujun grass, 300 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu can be applied again; when the plant grows to about 5 meters (about 5 months after planting), the greening treatment is completed.
If the further deep treatment is needed, the sludge storage yard is changed into a fertile farmland, and the operation method mainly comprises the following steps: after the severe engineering acceptance of the yard greening engineering, the pennisetum hydridum (about 10cm of pile remained) is cut off, and 200 kg of multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer is spread per mu. And the like, until the organic matters in the soil reach more than 1%, the treatment period still needs 3-5 years.
EXAMPLE 4 biological treatment of municipal sludge
1. And (3) storage yard arrangement: the municipal sludge storage yard is leveled as much as possible, and the thickness of the sludge is about 2-3m and the thickest is not more than 5 m. The ditch is dug around the yard to a depth of about 1m (isolated from the outside and flooded), and net is added to prevent collapse after slope protection around. In field management, plastics, stones and the like are cleaned out and are used in a centralized way.
2. Crushing the surface layer to about 50 meshes in a size of 0.5 m-1 m. Simultaneously, the sludge treatment biological agent prepared in example 1 (15 kg of sludge treatment biological agent is inoculated per cubic meter) was inoculated. And watering to make the water content of the material be 60% for first fermentation.
3. Turning soil (automatically into a long strip pile with the width of 5m and the height of about 2 m, turning every 2-3 days, covering (sun-proof and rain-proof) after each turning, and leveling again to form a field after about 30 days (the environmental temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the days are not counted).
4. A certain amount of the compound rhizopus preparation prepared in example 2 is scattered into the material after the first fermentation is finished (the mass ratio of the material after the first fermentation to the compound rhizopus preparation is 100:6), the main nutrition component and the main heavy metal content are detected after fermentation for 10 days at the normal temperature of 10-30 ℃ and are compared with the main heavy metal content before treatment, and the detection result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of Main nutrient content and Main heavy Metal content of municipal sludge before and after treatment
5. And planting pennisetum hydridum 1200 plants per mu.
6. About 2 months after the cultivation of the jujun grass, 300 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu can be applied again; when the plant grows to about 5 meters (about 5 months after planting), the greening treatment is completed.
The results of comparing the main nutrient components and the main heavy metal content of municipal sludge before and after treatment are shown in Table 2.
EXAMPLE 5 biological treatment of municipal sludge
1. And (3) storage yard arrangement: the municipal sludge storage yard is leveled as much as possible, and the thickness of the sludge is about 2-3m and the thickest is not more than 5 m. The ditch is dug around the yard to a depth of about 1m (isolated from the outside and flooded), and net is added to prevent collapse after slope protection around. In field management, plastics, stones and the like are cleaned out and are used in a centralized way.
2. Crushing the surface layer to about 50 meshes in a size of 0.5 m-1 m. Simultaneously, the sludge treatment biological agent prepared in example 1 (12 kg of sludge treatment biological agent is inoculated per cubic meter) was inoculated. And watering to make the water content of the material be 50% for first fermentation.
3. Turning soil (automatically into a long strip pile with the width of 5m and the height of about 2 m, turning every 2-3 days, covering (sun-proof and rain-proof) after each turning, and leveling again to form a field after about 30 days (the environmental temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the days are not counted).
4. A certain amount of the compound rhizopus preparation prepared in example 2 is scattered into the material after the first fermentation is finished (the mass ratio of the material after the first fermentation to the compound rhizopus preparation is 100:3), the main nutrition component and the main heavy metal content are detected after fermentation for 10 days at the normal temperature of 10-30 ℃ and are compared with the main heavy metal content before treatment, and the detection result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of Main nutrient content and Main heavy Metal content of municipal sludge before and after treatment
5. And planting pennisetum hydridum 1000 plants per mu.
6. About 2 months after the cultivation of the jujun grass, 300 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu can be applied again; when the plant grows to about 5 meters (about 5 months after planting), the greening treatment is completed.
Claims (12)
1. A biological treatment method of municipal sludge, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Crushing the surface layer of municipal sludge, introducing a sludge treatment biological agent, watering and turning over materials, and carrying out primary fermentation; (2) Sprinkling a compound rhizopus preparation into the material after the primary fermentation is completed, and carrying out secondary fermentation at normal temperature; planting jujun grass after the second fermentation is finished;
the depth of the surface layer in the step (1) is 0.5-lm; the crushing is carried out until the granularity is 50 meshes; the watering is to make the water content of the material 45-60%;
the sludge treatment biological agent is formed by sealing and fermenting composite saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA, wherein the composite saccharomycetes: bacillus subtilis: beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tkta=2: 1:1, a step of; step (1) inoculating 10-15kg of sludge treatment biological agent per cubic sludge;
the complex rhizopus comprises: rhizopus nigricans, rhizopus oryzae, and rhizopus arrhizus; rhizopus nigricans: rhizopus oryzae: rhizopus arrhizus = 1:1:1, the mass ratio of the material after the first fermentation in the step (2) to the composite rhizopus preparation is 100:1-10; the second fermentation condition is as follows: fermenting at 10-30deg.C for 2-10 days; the composite saccharomycete consists of beer yeast, sake yeast, wine yeast and bread yeast; beer yeast: sake yeast: wine yeast: baker's yeast = 1:1:1:1.
2. the biological treatment method of municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the biological sludge treatment agent is a compound yeast, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA, and the method comprises the following steps:
the composite saccharomycete agent, the bacillus subtilis agent and the beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA agent are proportionally inoculated into a culture medium A, and sealed fermentation is carried out;
total volume of composite yeast, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA: medium A-1:100;
the fermentation time is 72-120 hours; stirring for 1-2 times a day during fermentation; the culture medium A comprises the following raw materials: the potato peeling agent comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of water, 200 parts of peeled fresh potato, 20 parts of agar, 100 parts of glucose powder, 2 parts of urea, 0.3 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.08 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 200 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 350 parts of calcium carbonate;
the preparation of the culture medium A comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the water and other raw materials except the fresh potato, sterilizing, and cooling to obtain a sterilized material; boiling water and fresh potato for 20 minutes, filtering, removing residues to obtain juice, adding boiled water to 1000 parts, and cooling to obtain Ma Lingshu water; adding sterilized materials into Syringa pubescens summer-heat water, heating to 100deg.C, maintaining for 1 min, and cooling to 20deg.C.
3. The biological treatment method of municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the biological sludge treatment agent is a compound yeast, bacillus subtilis and beneficial recombinant escherichia coli K12-tKtA, and the method for performing sealed fermentation further comprises: further inoculating the fermentation liquor obtained in the culture medium A into the culture medium B, and sealing and fermenting to obtain the fermentation liquor;
the sludge treatment biological agent comprises the following components in percentage by volume: medium b=1: 1000 the culture medium B comprises the following raw materials: the food comprises, by weight, 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of syringa pubescens summer-heat powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.5 part of seaweed extract, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation temperature in said medium B is 28 ℃ to 36 ℃ and the fermentation time is 15 days; stirring for 1-2 times daily during fermentation.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the preparation of medium B comprises: uniformly mixing the raw materials except water, sterilizing and cooling; and (3) placing the sterilized materials into water, heating and stirring until the materials are gelatinized, maintaining the temperature at 100 ℃ for 1 minute, and cooling to obtain the product.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein step (1) further comprises: leveling municipal sludge to ensure that the thickness of the sludge is less than or equal to 5 meters; ditching around the municipal sludge storage yard, and screening after slope protection around to prevent collapse.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the sludge is made to have a thickness of 2 to 3m; the ditch depth of ditches around the municipal sludge storage yard is 1m.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein step (1) is performed by turning the material to form an elongated stack having a width of 5 meters and a height of 2 meters.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation of step (1) comprises: turning over the materials every 2-3 days, and covering after turning over the materials every time; the fermentation time is 30 days; and (5) flattening again after fermentation to prepare a field block.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the jujun grass planted is 800-1200 plants per mu.
11. The method of treatment of claim 1, wherein the preparation of the complex rhizopus formulation comprises: inoculating the compound rhizopus to a culture medium, and sealing and fermenting to obtain the compound rhizopus;
the volume ratio is calculated as the compound root dew: medium = 0.1:100;
the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃; stirring for 2-3 times per day during fermentation; the fermentation time is 15 days;
the culture medium comprises the following raw materials: the food comprises, by weight, 150 parts of water, 10 parts of glutinous rice flour, 5 parts of syringa pubescens summer-heat powder, 2 parts of brown sugar, 0.05 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of calcium carbonate, 0.2 part of urea and 0.2 part of agar;
the preparation of the culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials except water, adding into water, heating, stirring, stopping heating when boiling, and cooling to room temperature.
12. The process according to claim 1, further comprising: spreading a biological organic fertilizer after the pennisetum hydridum is planted for 2 months; the broadcast application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 300 kg per mu; cutting off the pennisetum hydridum when the pennisetum hydridum grows to 5 meters high, and broadcasting a bio-organic fertilizer; the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 200 kg per mu.
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