CN109874999B - Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device - Google Patents
Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109874999B CN109874999B CN201910223668.5A CN201910223668A CN109874999B CN 109874999 B CN109874999 B CN 109874999B CN 201910223668 A CN201910223668 A CN 201910223668A CN 109874999 B CN109874999 B CN 109874999B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grape seed
- protein
- dietary fiber
- enzymolysis
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229940087559 grape seed Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011514 vinification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008169 grapeseed oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 97
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 45
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000751 protein extraction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010523 Cicer arietinum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045195 Cicer arietinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YVNQAIFQFWTPLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O [4-[[4-(4-ethoxyanilino)phenyl]-[4-[ethyl-[(3-sulfophenyl)methyl]amino]-2-methylphenyl]methylidene]-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-ethyl-[(3-sulfophenyl)methyl]azanium Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C(=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S(O)(=O)=O)C)C=2C(=CC(=CC=2)N(CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S(O)(=O)=O)C)C=C1 YVNQAIFQFWTPLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019674 grape juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013433 optimization analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002731 protein assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to disclose grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, a preparation and a special device, cake meal which is obtained by degreasing byproducts of grape seed oil extraction is taken as a raw material, special equipment is adopted, coarse crushing and superfine crushing treatment are adopted, the crushed materials are subjected to enzymolysis by utilizing ultrasonic treatment and double-enzyme enzymolysis technology, and vacuum spray drying is carried out on extracted enzymolysis liquid, so that the extracted enzymolysis liquid can form vacuum fine particles which are easier to dissolve and digest and absorb while nutrients are maintained, the nutrients are convenient to eat in various manners, and the prepared grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber has the advantages of uniform texture, smooth mouthfeel, pleasant aroma, good solubility and the like, and the extraction rate of the protein and the dietary fiber is greatly improved, so that the grape seed powder has wide practicability and development value in the field of utilizing grape wine-making byproducts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dietary fiber extraction. In particular, the invention relates to the technical field of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special devices.
Background
Grape is one of the oldest and most widely distributed plants of origin, with europe and asia being the major grape producer countries and grape yields of 42.2% and 30.1% of the world, respectively. 80% of the total world yield is used for brewing, and the grape planting area in China has been developed to 57 ten thousand hectares. The regions of Hebei, shandong, ningxia, gansu, xinjiang and the like are main areas of wine, and the cultivation area of the wine-making grape reaches 9 ten thousand hectares by 2013, so that the yield of the wine reaches 1170 kiloliters. In the production process of grape wine and grape juice, a large amount of grape seed residues are generated, the grape seeds account for about 4-7% of the weight of fresh fruits, and the annual yield is over 5 ten thousand tons.
From the current research results, the effective components in grape seeds mainly comprise: grape seed oil with high unsaturated fatty acid content, procyanidine with antioxidant and free radical scavenging ability, and protein with various amino acids. However, in China, the effective utilization rate of the grape wine making byproducts is very low, and most of the grape wine making byproducts are discarded as industrial wastes or are simply treated and then used as animal feed, so that the environment pollution is caused to a certain extent, and the resources are wasted greatly. Therefore, the byproducts after the grape wine brewing are deeply processed, the products with high added value are developed and developed, the resources are fully utilized, the environmental pollution is reduced, the waste is turned into wealth, the health level of people is improved and improved, and the method has profound economic significance and social benefit.
The extraction method of the functional components mainly adopts a step-by-step extraction method. When extracting proteins, an alkali dissolution method and a salt dissolution method are often used for extraction alone; when dietary fiber is extracted, it can be roughly classified into 4 types, namely, chemical analysis, chemical reagent-enzyme combination separation, membrane separation and fermentation. On one hand, the method has the problems of low extraction rate, low efficiency, easy protein denaturation and the like, and on the other hand, the method is suitable for effectively extracting the independent components, but cannot synchronously extract a plurality of effective nutritional components. Therefore, how to efficiently and synchronously extract and obtain good functional components is the most important and urgent problem to be solved.
At present, the research of protein in grape wine making byproducts in China is relatively late, and the extraction method is relatively single and is only limited to the alkali dissolution method and the salt dissolution method for independent extraction. Although the extraction yield is relatively high, the quality of the resulting protein product is not high since no further consideration is given to the interference of the polyphenols with the extraction of the protein during the extraction process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical situation that synchronous extraction of protein and dietary fiber from grape seed meal is not seen at present. The invention aims to provide grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, a preparation and a special device, cake meal which is obtained by degreasing byproducts of grape seed oil extraction is taken as a raw material, special equipment is adopted, coarse crushing and superfine crushing treatment are adopted, the crushed materials are subjected to enzymolysis by combining ultrasonic treatment with a double-enzyme enzymolysis technology, and extracted enzymolysis liquid is subjected to vacuum spray drying, so that the vacuum fine particles which are easier to dissolve, digest and absorb are formed while nutrient substances are maintained, and the nutrient substances are convenient to eat in various modes.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by using a coarse crusher, and sieving the grape seed meal by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder for later use.
(2) Superfine grinding: mixing the grape seed meal powder obtained in the step (1) with zirconia grinding balls, carrying out superfine grinding, and grinding the grape seed meal powder into grape seed meal powder rich in protein and dietary fibers with the particle size of 10 mu m.
(3) Synchronous extraction of double enzymolysis: placing the grape seed meal powder prepared in the step (2) into an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water into the grape seed meal powder, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, adding a double-enzyme preparation consisting of papain and cellulase, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, centrifuging the extract at 4500r/min for 20min after the extraction is finished, and taking supernatant;
(4) Vacuum spray drying: adding 40% of drying aid into the supernatant obtained in the step (3), controlling the air inlet temperature to 160 ℃, the feeding flow to 400mL/h, the atomization pressure to 160kPa, and the air inlet flow to 0.60m 3/min; preparing mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber;
(5) The integrated device special for the superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying process is adopted.
Preferably, in the invention, grape seed meal powder is mixed with zirconia grinding balls, and the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder=6:1 in parts by weight
Preferably, in the invention, the condition of superfine grinding is that the rotating speed is 10000r/min, and the grinding time is 30min.
Preferably, deionized water is added into the grape seed meal powder, and the weight ratio of the grape seed meal powder to the deionized water is 1:15.
Preferably, in the invention, the double-enzyme preparation is obtained by mixing papain and cellulase=2:1 in parts by weight.
Preferably, in the invention, the adding amount of the double enzyme preparation is 2 percent by weight percent.
Preferably, in the invention, the double-frequency ultrasonic treatment condition is that the double-frequency ultrasonic compound frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2, the action time is 20s, the intermittent time is 30s, and the stirring extraction is carried out for 60min according to the conditions;
in the invention, the drying aid is maltodextrin.
Meanwhile, the invention specifically provides an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying, which comprises an enzymolysis reaction tank, a superfine grinding machine, a coarse grinding machine, a solid-liquid separator, a liquid storage tank and a vacuum spray dryer, wherein the superfine grinding machine is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis reaction tank, the coarse grinding machine is arranged on the other side of the superfine grinding machine, the coarse grinding machine is connected with the superfine grinding machine through a first pipeline, the enzymolysis reaction tank is connected with the superfine grinding machine through a spiral lifting machine, the lower part of the enzymolysis reaction tank is connected with the solid-liquid separator through a second pipeline, the liquid storage tank is arranged beside the solid-liquid separator, the liquid storage tank is connected with the vacuum spray dryer through a water pump and a water pump pipeline, and the grape seed meal can be prepared into mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber through coarse grinding, superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
According to the invention, the enzymolysis reaction tank comprises a tank body, wherein the tank body is in a capsule shape, a motor is arranged at the top of the tank body, a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body, the stirring shaft is vertically suspended in the tank body by a stirring shaft bracket and is connected with the motor at the top of the tank body through a coupling, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft and symmetrically distributed by taking the stirring shaft as an axis, and a control panel is arranged on the outer side of the tank body with a hydrophobic coating.
In the invention, the top of the tank body is provided with a material inlet pipe which is communicated with the inside of the tank body.
In the invention, two sides of the upper part of the tank body are provided with a deionized water injection interface and an enzymolysis liquid injection interface, the deionized water injection interface is communicated into the tank body, and the enzymolysis liquid injection interface is connected with a spray frame in the tank body.
In the invention, a charging hole is arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the tank body.
In the invention, a material taking opening is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the tank body, and a stop valve is arranged in the material taking opening.
In the invention, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the upper part in the tank body and is electrically connected with a control panel.
In the invention, a temperature sensor and an ultrasonic vibrator are arranged at the lower part in the tank body, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control panel.
In the invention, a frame is arranged below the tank body, a double-frequency ultrasonic generator is arranged on the frame, and the double-frequency ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with an ultrasonic vibrator.
In the invention, a material outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the material outlet pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a control panel.
In the invention, a strip-shaped observation window is arranged on the side surface of the tank body, transparent glass is arranged in the observation window, and scale marks are arranged beside the observation window.
In the invention, the tank body of the enzymolysis reaction tank is wrapped with the temperature control layer, the two sides of the temperature control layer are provided with the water injection port and the water outlet, and the water injection port is lower than the water outlet.
The invention provides grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber and a preparation method thereof, which adopts an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying, adopts a double-frequency ultrasonic wave assisted double-enzyme enzymolysis method for extracting protein and dietary fiber, vacuum spray drying and corresponding superfine grinding technical treatment, screens specific matched technical parameters, has the characteristics of progressive layer by layer and tight connection, fully adopts various technical means according to the characteristics of grape seed meal, is obtained from repeated tests, is integral and inseparable, and is matched with a suitable integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying, so that the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber can be obtained, has the advantages of uniform texture, smooth taste, pleasant aroma and the like, and the extraction rate of protein and dietary fiber is greatly improved.
By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
(1) The invention provides grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, a preparation and a special device, which are prepared from cake pulp after grape seed oil extraction as a raw material by the processing means of superfine grinding, double-frequency ultrasonic-assisted double-enzyme enzymolysis method for extracting protein and dietary fiber, vacuum spray drying and the like, and the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber has the advantages of uniform texture, smooth mouthfeel, pleasant aroma and the like, and the extraction rate of protein and dietary fiber is greatly improved. The added value of the grape seed meal product is improved, and the grape seed meal has wide practicability and development value in the field of utilizing grape brewing byproducts.
(2) The invention provides an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying, which can ensure that the grape seed powder product rich in protein and dietary fiber with high extraction rate, high purity and strong functional characteristics is obtained, and each functional characteristic of the protein and the dietary fiber is improved to different degrees, wherein the solubility is improved by more than 8 percent compared with the solubility which is improved by more than 20 percent compared with the solubility which is not used in the technology of the invention.
Drawings
Figure 1 shows a process flow diagram for simultaneous extraction of protein and dietary fiber from grape seed meal.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an enzymolysis reaction tank in an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an enzymolysis reaction tank in an integrated device dedicated to ultrafine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
Fig. 5 shows a stirring system diagram of an enzymolysis reaction tank in an integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
FIG. 6 shows a graph of the interaction of the ratio of papain to cellulase and the crushing time on the extraction rate of dietary cellulose.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the interaction of the amount of the double enzyme preparation added and the pulverizing time to affect the extraction rate of dietary cellulose.
FIG. 8 shows a graph of the interaction of the double frequency ultrasonic compounding frequency and the crushing time on the extraction rate of dietary cellulose.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing that the ratio of papain to cellulase and the crushing time are interacted to influence the protein extraction rate.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the interaction of the double frequency ultrasonic composite frequency and the crushing time to influence the protein extraction rate.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of the interaction of the ratio of papain to cellulase and the amount of the double enzyme preparation on the protein extraction rate.
FIG. 12 shows the solubility impact graph of alkaline extracted protein grape seed meal and complex enzyme extraction of protein and dietary fiber enriched grape seed meal.
In FIGS. 2 to 5, 1-coarse crusher, 2-ultrafine crusher, 3-enzymolysis reaction tank, 30-frame, 31-tank, 32-motor, 33-coupling, 34-stirring shaft, 35-stirring blade, 36-spraying frame, 37-temperature sensor, 38-liquid level sensor, 39-dual-frequency ultrasonic generator, 310-stirring shaft bracket, 311-ultrasonic vibrator, 312-material inlet pipe, 313-material outlet pipe, 314-sampling port, 315-charging port, 316-deionized water injecting interface, 317-enzymolysis liquid injecting interface, 318-temperature controlling layer, 319-water injecting port, 320-water outlet, 321-control panel, 322-observation window, 323-stop valve, 324-electromagnetic valve, 40-second pipe, 4-solid-liquid separator, 5-vacuum spray dryer.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The raw materials selected in the invention are defatted grape seed meal, and the defatted grape seed meal of grape wine making byproducts is preferentially utilized.
The hydrophobic coating, the coarse crusher 1, the superfine crusher 2, the tank 31, the motor 32, the coupler 33, the stirring shaft 34, the stirring blade 35, the spray frame 36, the temperature sensor 37, the liquid level sensor 38, the double-frequency ultrasonic generator 39, the ultrasonic vibrator 311, the temperature control layer 318, the control panel 321, the stop valve 323, the electromagnetic valve 324, the solid-liquid separator 4 and the liquid storage tank 41, the water pump 42 and the water pump pipeline 43 can be purchased or customized through public channels.
All reagents and equipment selected for use in the present invention are well known in the art and are not limiting to the practice of the invention, and other reagents and equipment known in the art may be suitable for use in the practice of the following embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment one: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The invention provides a preparation method of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by using a coarse crusher, and sieving the grape seed meal by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder for later use.
(2) Superfine grinding: mixing the grape seed meal powder obtained in the step (1) with zirconia grinding balls by using an ultrafine grinder 2, and carrying out ultrafine grinding to obtain the grape seed meal powder rich in protein and dietary fibers with the particle size of 10 mu m.
(3) Synchronous extraction of double enzymolysis: placing the grape seed meal powder prepared in the step (2) into an enzymolysis reaction tank 3, adding deionized water into the tank 31 through a deionized water injection interface 316 to mix with the grape seed meal powder, starting a motor 32 through a control panel 321, driving a coupler 33, a stirring shaft 34 and stirring blades 35 by the motor 32 to start stirring, monitoring the temperature in a pipe through a temperature sensor 37 in the tank 31, regulating the temperature in the tank 31 to 40 ℃ through a water injection port 319 and a water outlet 320 on a temperature control layer 318, opening a stop valve 323 of a sampling port 314 to sample, detecting the pH value of a sample, regulating the pH value to 7.0 through a feeding port 315, adding a double-enzyme preparation consisting of papain and cellulase into the tank 31 through an enzymolysis liquid injection interface 317, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, opening a double-frequency ultrasonic generator 39 through the control panel 321, simultaneously carrying out double-frequency ultrasonic treatment on the mixture in the tank 31 through an ultrasonic vibrator 311, centrifuging the extracted liquid for 20min through a solid liquid 44500r/min after the extraction is finished, and taking supernatant;
(4) Vacuum spray drying: adding 40% of drying agent into the supernatant obtained in the step (3), and injecting the supernatant into a vacuum spray dryer 5 through a water pump 42 and a water pump pipeline 43 to control the air inlet temperature to 160 ℃, the feeding flow to 400mL/h, the atomization pressure to 160kPa, and the air inlet flow to 0.60m 3/min; and preparing mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber.
Preferably, in the invention, grape seed meal is mixed with zirconia grinding balls, and the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by the following steps of grape seed meal=6:1 in parts by weight.
Preferably, in the invention, the condition of superfine grinding is that the rotating speed is 10000r/min, and the grinding time is 30min.
Preferably, deionized water is added into the grape seed meal powder, and the weight ratio of the grape seed meal powder to the deionized water is 1:15.
Preferably, in the invention, the double-enzyme preparation is obtained by mixing papain and cellulase=2:1 in parts by weight.
Preferably, in the invention, the adding amount of the double enzyme preparation is 2% by weight.
Preferably, in the invention, the double-frequency ultrasonic treatment condition is that the double-frequency ultrasonic compound frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2, the action time is 20s, the intermittent time is 30s, and the stirring extraction is carried out for 60min according to the conditions;
in the invention, the drying aid is maltodextrin.
Embodiment two: integrated device special for superfine grinding, double enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying
Referring to fig. 2-5, the invention provides a system for preparing protein and dietary fiber powder from grape seed meal, which comprises an enzymolysis reaction tank 3, a pulverizer 1, an ultrafine pulverizer 2, a solid-liquid separator 4 and a vacuum spray dryer 5, wherein the ultrafine pulverizer 2 is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis reaction tank 3, the pulverizer 1 is arranged on the other side of the ultrafine pulverizer 2, the pulverizer 1 is connected with the ultrafine pulverizer 2 through a first pipeline 11, the enzymolysis reaction tank 3 is connected with the ultrafine pulverizer 2 through a spiral elevator 21, the lower part of the enzymolysis reaction tank 3 is connected with the solid-liquid separator 4 through a second pipeline 40, a liquid storage tank 41 is arranged beside the solid-liquid separator 4, and the liquid storage tank 41 is connected with the vacuum spray dryer 5 through a water pump 42 and a water pump pipeline 43.
In the invention, the enzymolysis reaction tank comprises a tank body 31, wherein the tank body 31 is in a capsule shape, a motor 32 is arranged at the top of the tank body 31, a stirring shaft 34 is arranged in the tank body 31, the stirring shaft 34 is vertically suspended in the tank body 31 through a stirring shaft bracket 310, the stirring shaft 34 is connected with the motor 32 through a coupling 33, stirring blades 35 are arranged on the stirring shaft 34, the stirring blades 35 are symmetrically distributed by taking the stirring shaft 34 as an axis, a hydrophobic coating is arranged on the stirring blades 35, and a control panel 321 is arranged at the outer side of the tank body 31.
In the invention, a material inlet pipe 312 is arranged at the top of the tank body 31, and the material inlet pipe 312 is communicated with the inside of the tank body 31.
In the invention, two sides of the upper part of the tank body 31 are provided with a deionized water injection interface 316 and an enzymolysis liquid injection interface 317, the deionized water injection interface 316 is led into the tank body 31, and the enzymolysis liquid injection interface 317 is connected with a spray frame 36 in the tank body 31.
In the present invention, a feed port 315 is provided in the upper side of the tank 31.
In the invention, a material taking opening is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the tank body 31, and a stop valve 323 is arranged in the material taking opening.
In the invention, a liquid level sensor 38 is arranged at the upper part in the tank body 31, and the liquid level sensor 38 is electrically connected with a control panel 321.
In the present invention, a temperature sensor 37 and an ultrasonic vibrator 311 are provided at the lower part of the tank 31, and the temperature sensor 37 is electrically connected to a control panel 321.
In the invention, a frame 30 is arranged below a tank 31, a dual-frequency ultrasonic generator 39 is arranged on the frame 30, and the dual-frequency ultrasonic generator 39 is electrically connected with an ultrasonic vibrator 311.
In the invention, a material outlet pipe 313 is arranged at the bottom of a tank body 31, a solenoid valve 324 is arranged in the material outlet pipe 313, and the solenoid valve 324 is electrically connected with a control panel 321.
In the invention, a strip-shaped observation window 322 is arranged on the side surface of a tank body 31, transparent glass is arranged in the observation window 322, and scale marks are arranged beside the observation window 322.
In the invention, a temperature control layer 318 is wrapped outside a tank body 31 of an enzymolysis reaction tank 3, water injection ports 319 and water outlets 316 are arranged on two sides of the temperature control layer 318, and the water injection ports 319 are lower in horizontal height than the water outlets 316.
Embodiment III: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber comprises the following steps of degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by a coarse crusher, sieving the crushed grape seed meal by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder, mixing the obtained grape seed meal powder with zirconia grinding balls, wherein the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder with the ratio of 6:1, carrying out superfine crushing after mixing, the rotating speed of 10000r/min, the crushing time of 20min, placing the grape seed meal powder into an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water, the ratio of 1:15 of the grape seed meal powder to the deionized water, regulating the temperature to 40 ℃, regulating the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, mixing the papain with the ratio of 1:2 to obtain a double-enzyme preparation, adding 1% of the double-enzyme preparation, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/60kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2, the action time is 20s, the intermittent time is 30s, and the extraction is carried out under the condition of 60min; centrifuging the extractive solution at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant; adding 40% drying agent into the supernatant, controlling air inlet temperature at 140 ℃, feeding flow rate at 400mL/h, atomization pressure at 180kPa, air inlet flow rate at 0.80m 3/min, and vacuum spray drying to obtain mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber.
Embodiment four: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber comprises the following steps of degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by a coarse crusher, sieving the crushed grape seed meal by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder, mixing the obtained grape seed meal powder with zirconia grinding balls, wherein the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder with the ratio of 6:1, carrying out superfine crushing after mixing, the rotating speed is 10000r/min, the crushing time is 25min, placing the grape seed meal powder in an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water, the ratio of 1:15 of the grape seed meal powder to the deionized water, regulating the temperature to 40 ℃, regulating the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, mixing the grape seed meal powder with the ratio of 2:2 by weight, obtaining a double enzyme preparation by papain the ratio of cellulase, adding 1.5% of double enzyme preparation, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/40, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2, the action time is 20s, the time is intermittent for 30s, and the extraction is carried out under the condition of 60kHz condition of stirring; centrifuging the extractive solution at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant; adding 40% drying agent into the supernatant, controlling air inlet temperature to 150 ℃, feeding flow to 400mL/h, atomizing pressure to 170kPa, air inlet flow to 0.70m 3/min, and vacuum spray drying to obtain mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber.
Fifth embodiment: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber comprises the following steps: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by a coarse crusher, sieving the grape seed meal by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder, mixing the obtained grape seed meal powder with zirconia grinding balls, wherein the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder=6:1, carrying out superfine crushing after mixing, the rotating speed is 10000r/min, the crushing time is 30min, placing the grape seed meal powder in an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water, wherein the grape seed meal powder is 1:15 in parts by weight, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, and the papain is prepared by mixing the cellulase=2:1 in parts by weight, obtaining a double-enzyme preparation, adding 2% of the double-enzyme preparation, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2 s, the action time is 30s, and the intermittent stirring extraction is carried out for 60min according to the conditions; centrifuging the extractive solution at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant; adding 40% drying agent into the supernatant, controlling the air inlet temperature to 160 ℃, the feeding flow to 400mL/h, the atomization pressure to 160kPa, the air inlet flow to 0.60m 3/min, and vacuum spray drying to obtain the protein and dietary fiber mixed dry powder.
Example six: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber comprises the following steps: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by a coarse crusher, sieving the grape seed meal by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder, mixing the obtained grape seed meal powder with zirconia grinding balls, wherein the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder=6:1, carrying out superfine crushing after mixing, the rotating speed is 10000r/min, the crushing time is 35min, placing the grape seed meal powder in an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water, wherein the grape seed meal powder is 1:15 in parts by weight, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, and the papain is prepared by mixing the cellulase=2:3 in parts by weight, obtaining a double-enzyme preparation, adding 2.5% of the double-enzyme preparation, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 30kHz/60kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2 s, the action time is 30s, and the intermittent time is 60 s, and the stirring extraction is carried out for 60min according to the conditions; centrifuging the extractive solution at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant; adding 40% drying agent into the supernatant, controlling the air inlet temperature to be 170 ℃, controlling the feeding flow to be 400mL/h, atomizing the pressure to be 150kPa, and the air inlet flow to be 0.50m 3/min, and performing vacuum spray drying to prepare the mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber.
Embodiment seven: preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
The preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber comprises the following steps: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by a coarse crusher, sieving the grape seed meal by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder, mixing the obtained grape seed meal powder with zirconia grinding balls, wherein the zirconia grinding balls are prepared by mixing the grape seed meal powder=6:1, carrying out superfine crushing after mixing, the rotating speed is 10000r/min, the crushing time is 40min, placing the grape seed meal powder in an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water, wherein the grape seed meal powder is 1:15 in parts by weight, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, and the papain is prepared by mixing the cellulase=3:1, obtaining a double-enzyme preparation, adding 3% of the double-enzyme preparation, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 30kHz/50kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2 s, the action time is 30s, and the intermittent stirring extraction is carried out for 60min according to the conditions; centrifuging the extractive solution at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant; adding 40% drying agent into the supernatant, controlling the air inlet temperature to be 180 ℃, the feeding flow to be 400mL/h, the atomization pressure to be 140kPa, and the air inlet flow to be 0.40m 3/min, and performing vacuum spray drying to prepare the mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber.
Example eight: optimized preparation of grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber
Grape seed powder enriched in protein and dietary fiber was prepared separately as described in example one:
Scheme 1: the crushing time is 20min, the papain is cellulase=1:2, 1% of the adding amount of the double-enzyme preparation is added, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/60kHz, the air inlet temperature is 140 ℃, the atomization pressure is 180kPa, and the air inlet flow is 0.80m 3/min.
Scheme 2: the crushing time is 25min, the papain is cellulase=2:2, 1.5 percent of the adding amount of the double-enzyme preparation, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/40kHz, the air inlet temperature is 150 ℃, the atomizing pressure is 170kPa, and the air inlet flow is 0.70m 3/min.
Scheme 3: the crushing time is 30min, the addition amount of papain and cellulase=2:1, 2% of the double-enzyme preparation is 20kHz/50kHz, the air inlet temperature is 160 ℃, the atomization pressure is 160kPa, and the air inlet flow is 0.60m 3/min.
Scheme 4: the crushing time is 35min, the papain is cellulase=1:3, the adding amount of 2.5% of the double-enzyme preparation, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 30kHz/60kHz, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the atomizing pressure is 150kPa, and the air inlet flow is 0.50m 3/min.
Scheme 5: the crushing time is 40min, the addition amount of papain and cellulase=3:1, 3% of the double-enzyme preparation is added, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 30kHz/50kHz, the air inlet temperature is 180 ℃, the atomization pressure is 140kPa, and the air inlet flow is 0.40m 3/min.
The grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber prepared on the basis of the above experiment was evaluated for protein extraction rate and dietary fiber extraction rate.
1. Measurement method
(1) Protein assay protein in grape seed meal Coomassie Brilliant blue G-250 was used. The calculation formula is as follows:
(2) Measurement and calculation of dietary fiber refer to national standard: GB 5009.88-2014. The calculation formula is as follows:
2. grape seed powder preparation process with response surface rich in protein and dietary fiber
A single factor experiment is designed to explore the influence of crushing time, papain, the proportion of cellulase, the addition amount of a double-enzyme preparation and double-frequency ultrasonic compound frequency on the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber extraction rate in the preparation method of grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber respectively. Four-factor three-level response surface experiments were performed on the basis of single-factor experiments, and the response surface test factors and levels are shown in table 1.
Table 1: response surface test factors and level meter
Fermentation response surface optimization analysis: and (3) synthesizing a single factor test result, and optimizing the single factor test result by adopting a Box-Behnken response surface analysis method. Response surface test design and response value results are shown in table 2.
Table 2: response surface optimization test results
Fitting according to multiple regression equations of test data in Table 2, the fitting equations of the crushing time (A), the papain to cellulase ratio (B), the double enzyme preparation addition amount (C) and the double frequency ultrasonic composite frequency (D) respectively according to the protein extraction rate (Y 1) and the dietary fiber yield (Y 2) can be established as follows:
Y1＝82.92+3.19A+2.39B+1.02C+0.072D-5.78AB-2.67AC-0.76AD-3.44BC+0.085BD+2.0CD-17.67A2-9.24B2-5.06C2-3.57D2
Y2＝36.36-0.40A-0.34B-0.21C+0.19D-2.26AB-1.39AC-0.033AD-1.7BC-0.41BD+0.24CD-9.54A2-4.92B2-3.34C2-3.39D2
Table 3: protein extraction rate response surface test results and analysis of variance
Note, "x" indicates significant (0.01 < p < 0.05); "x" indicates extremely significant (p < 0.01).
Table 4: dietary fiber yield response surface test result and analysis of variance
/>
Note, "x" indicates significant (0.01 < p < 0.05); "x" indicates extremely significant (p < 0.01).
The significance of the influence of each variable on the index (response value) in the regression equation is determined by the F test, and the smaller the value of the probability P is, the higher the significance degree of the corresponding variable is. As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the model was very significant when the model F values were f=29.77, f=35.28, and p <0.0001, respectively. When the loss terms of the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber yield are f=1.22, p=0.4587 >0.05, f=5.66, and p=0.0547 >0.05 respectively, the model loss term is not significant. The determination coefficients are R 2＝0.9675,R2 = 0.9728, and the correction coefficients are R 2 Adj＝0.9350,R2 Adj = 0.9457, so that the measured value and the predicted value have good fitting degree. Therefore, the establishment of the model is obvious, the fitting degree of the model is good, and the test operation is accurate and reliable, so that the model can be used for analyzing and predicting the manufacturing process of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fibers.
In order to examine the influence of each interaction term on the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber yield, under the condition that other factors are fixed, the Design-Expert 8.05 software is utilized to calculate a regression equation, and response surface diagrams of the interaction term are shown in the accompanying figures 6 to 11.
The method is characterized in that software Design-Expert 8.05 is used for analyzing and considering actual operation convenience, crushing time is selected to be 30min, the ratio of papain to cellulase is=2:1, the adding amount of a double-enzyme preparation is 2%, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, 3 parallel tests are carried out, the average value of protein extraction rate is 85.21%, the average value of dietary fiber yield is 36.54%, and the mathematical model is feasible for optimizing the fermentation process conditions of the grape seed chickpea fermentation composite beverage and has practical value.
3. Orthogonal optimization grape seed powder preparation process rich in protein and dietary fiber
And (3) designing a single factor experiment, and respectively exploring the influence of air inlet temperature, atomization pressure and air inlet flow on the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber extraction rate in the preparation method of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber. Three-factor three-level orthogonal experiments were performed on the basis of single-factor experiments, and the orthogonal test factors and levels are shown in Table 5.
Table 5: orthogonal test factor and level meter
Results and analyses of the orthogonal optimization of the manufacturing process of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fibers are shown in tables 6 and 7.
Table 6: orthogonal test results and analysis
Table 7: orthogonal test results and analysis
It can be seen from tables 6 and 7 that the air inlet temperature has the greatest effect on the protein extraction rate and the atomization pressure has the greatest effect on the cellulose extraction rate within the range of the experimental design. The optimal conditions obtained by combining the table 6 and the table 7 are A 2B2C2, namely, when the air inlet temperature is 160 ℃, the atomization pressure is 160kPa and the air inlet flow rate is 0.6m 3/min, the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber extraction rate are the highest.
By using response surface software and orthogonal experiments, the optimal preparation process conditions of grape seed powder which is rich in protein and dietary fiber by adopting the extraction equipment provided by the invention are respectively that the crushing time is 30min, the proportion of papain to cellulase is=2:1, the adding amount of a double-enzyme preparation is 2%, the double-frequency ultrasonic composite frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, the air inlet temperature is 160 ℃, the atomization pressure is 160kPa and the air inlet flow is 0.6m 3/min, and the protein extraction rate and the dietary fiber extraction rate are highest.
Example eight: physical and chemical indexes of grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber
(1) Protein solubility
Protein solubility is the most important functional property of plant proteins, and other properties of proteins such as foamability, emulsifying property, etc. depend on the solubility of proteins, and factors affecting the solubility of proteins include processing conditions, temperature, pH, ionic strength, etc. The solubility of the protein under different pH values is mastered, which is beneficial to guiding the application of the protein in different food systems. As a result of the influence on the solubility of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the common alkali extracted protein grape seed powder and the complex enzyme obtained in the scheme under different pH environments, referring to fig. 12, it can be seen from the graph that the solubility of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the alkali extracted protein grape seed powder and the complex enzyme is the lowest at pH 4.0 and pH3.0, respectively, and thereafter the solubility of the protein increases with increasing pH. The solubility of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the compound enzyme is obviously better than that of the grape seed powder with alkali extracted protein, and the solubility of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the compound enzyme reaches 36.04% at pH 7. The solubility is improved by more than 8% compared with the technology which is not used in the invention. This is due to the hydrolysis of the protease, the protein structure is changed, the polypeptide chain breaks, the ionized carboxyl and amino groups are exposed, the polarity of the molecules is increased, the hydrophilic effect between the protein and the protein is enhanced, and the solubility of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fibers extracted by the complex enzyme is improved.
(2) Dispersion time
Table 8: dispersion time comparison of alkaline extracted protein grape seed powder and complex enzyme extracted grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber
| Grape seed powder with alkali extracted protein | Extraction of grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber by complex enzyme | |
| Dispersion time/s | 52.38±1.67 | 39.29±2.12 |
The dispersion time of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the alkali extraction protein and the grape seed powder extracted by the complex enzyme is shown in the table 8, the dispersion time of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the complex enzyme is 39.29+/-2.12 s, and the dispersion time of the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber extracted by the alkali extraction protein is 52.38+/-1.67 s, which is shortened by more than 25% compared with the dispersion time of the grape seed powder extracted by the complex enzyme.
According to the grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fibers and the preparation method thereof, the technical links of extracting protein and dietary fibers by adopting a double-frequency ultrasonic-assisted double-enzyme enzymolysis method, vacuum spray drying, corresponding superfine grinding technical treatment and the like are progressive layer by layer and closely connected according to the characteristics of grape seed meal. The invention prepares grape seed powder rich in protein and dietary fiber by taking cake meal after oil extraction from grape seeds as a raw material, and the grape seed powder is obtained through repeated experiments, the protein and the dietary fiber are extracted by adopting a double-frequency ultrasonic-assisted double-enzyme enzymolysis method, vacuum spray drying and corresponding superfine grinding technology treatment are dependent, all technical links are organically connected, the whole is dense and inseparable, and the protein and dietary fiber mixed powder produced by the method has the advantages of uniform texture, smooth mouthfeel, pleasant aroma and the like compared with products produced by common enzyme methods at home and abroad and single-frequency ultrasonic extraction, and meanwhile, microorganisms and other sanitary indexes all accord with relevant standards. The extraction rate of protein and dietary fiber is greatly improved, wherein the solubility is improved by more than 8% compared with the method without the technology of the invention, and the dispersion time is shortened by more than 25%. The added value of the grape seed meal product is improved, and the grape seed meal has wide practicability and development value in the field of utilizing grape brewing byproducts.
The present invention may be better implemented as described above, and the above examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the present invention without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber is characterized by being prepared by the following specific preparation method, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Pretreatment: degreasing and drying the grape seed meal after oil extraction, crushing the grape seed meal by using a coarse crusher, and sieving the grape seed meal by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed meal powder for later use;
(2) Superfine grinding: mixing the grape seed meal powder obtained in the step (1) with zirconia grinding balls 1:6, mixing, carrying out superfine grinding at the rotating speed of 10000r/min for 30min, and grinding the mixture into grape seed meal powder rich in protein and dietary fibers with the particle size of 10 mu m;
(3) Synchronous extraction of double enzymolysis: placing the grape seed meal powder prepared in the step (2) into an enzymolysis tank, adding deionized water into the grape seed meal powder, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by NaOH, and adding 2 percent (by weight) of papain and cellulase according to the weight part of 2:1, carrying out enzymolysis for 1h, adopting double-frequency ultrasonic treatment in the synchronous extraction process of protein and dietary fiber, centrifuging the extracting solution at 4500r/min for 20min after the extraction is finished, and taking supernatant, wherein the double-frequency ultrasonic compound frequency is 20kHz/50kHz, the sound intensity is 0.4W/cm 2, the action time is 20s, the intermittent time is 30s, and stirring and extracting are carried out for 60min according to the conditions;
(4) Vacuum spray drying: adding 40% of drying aid into the supernatant obtained in the step (3), controlling the air inlet temperature to 160 ℃, the feeding flow to 400mL/h, the atomization pressure to 160kPa, and the air inlet flow to 0.60m 3/min; preparing mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber;
(5) The preparation method adopts a special integrated device:
The special integrated device comprises an enzymolysis reaction tank, an ultrafine grinder, a coarse grinder, a solid-liquid separator, a liquid storage tank and a vacuum spray dryer, wherein the ultrafine grinder is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis reaction tank, the coarse grinder is arranged on the other side of the ultrafine grinder, the coarse grinder is connected with the ultrafine grinder through a first pipeline, the enzymolysis reaction tank is connected with the ultrafine grinder through a spiral elevator, a frame is arranged below a tank body of the enzymolysis reaction tank, a double-frequency ultrasonic generator is arranged on the frame and is electrically connected with an ultrasonic vibrator, the liquid storage tank is connected with the solid-liquid separator through a second pipeline, the liquid storage tank is connected with the vacuum spray dryer through a water pump and a water pump pipeline, and the grape seed meal can be prepared into mixed dry powder of protein and dietary fiber through coarse grinding, ultrafine grinding, double-enzymolysis synchronous extraction and vacuum spray drying.
2. The grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber according to claim 1, wherein the enzymolysis reaction tank comprises a tank body, the tank body is in a capsule shape, a motor is arranged at the top of the tank body, a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body, the stirring shaft is vertically suspended in the tank body by a stirring shaft bracket and is connected with the motor at the top of the tank body through a coupling, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft and symmetrically distributed by taking the stirring shaft as an axis, and a control panel is arranged on the outer side of the tank body with a hydrophobic coating.
3. The grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the integrated device, a deionized water injection interface and an enzymolysis liquid injection interface are arranged on two sides of the upper part of the enzymolysis reaction tank body, the deionized water injection interface is led into the tank body, and the enzymolysis liquid injection interface is connected with a spray frame in the tank body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910223668.5A CN109874999B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910223668.5A CN109874999B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109874999A CN109874999A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109874999B true CN109874999B (en) | 2024-05-07 |
Family
ID=66933820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910223668.5A Active CN109874999B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109874999B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111642752A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-11 | 天津芸熙生物技术有限公司 | Extraction method of soluble dietary fiber of grapes |
| US11832632B2 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-12-05 | Voyage Foods, Inc. | Chocolate replicas produced from individual components |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003144949A (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-20 | Kenjiro Makino | Method for preparing micropulverized natural product and composition containing the micropulverized natural product |
| CN1512841A (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2004-07-14 | �����ڶ���ϣ | Method and syste mfor preparing extraction meal from sun flower seeds for animal feed |
| CN102805352A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-05 | 东北农业大学 | Method for extracting soybean dietary fibers from residues of water enzyme method |
| CN103976413A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 西华大学 | Continuous extraction method of protein and meal fiber from walnut meal |
| CN204519313U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | A kind of equipment for extracting dietary fiber in sweet potato and potato slag |
| CN105520156A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-27 | 重庆三零三科技有限公司 | Preparation method of grape seed soluble dietary fiber |
| CN205603586U (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-09-28 | 徐州香醅酒业有限公司 | Crop straw enzymolysis tank |
| CN106551404A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Dietary fiber and method of protein are extracted from bean dregs |
| CN208064424U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-11-09 | 成都圣恩生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of enzymolysis and extraction tank for producing food dressing |
-
2019
- 2019-03-22 CN CN201910223668.5A patent/CN109874999B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1512841A (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2004-07-14 | �����ڶ���ϣ | Method and syste mfor preparing extraction meal from sun flower seeds for animal feed |
| JP2003144949A (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-20 | Kenjiro Makino | Method for preparing micropulverized natural product and composition containing the micropulverized natural product |
| CN102805352A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-05 | 东北农业大学 | Method for extracting soybean dietary fibers from residues of water enzyme method |
| CN103976413A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 西华大学 | Continuous extraction method of protein and meal fiber from walnut meal |
| CN204519313U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | A kind of equipment for extracting dietary fiber in sweet potato and potato slag |
| CN105520156A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-27 | 重庆三零三科技有限公司 | Preparation method of grape seed soluble dietary fiber |
| CN205603586U (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-09-28 | 徐州香醅酒业有限公司 | Crop straw enzymolysis tank |
| CN106551404A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Dietary fiber and method of protein are extracted from bean dregs |
| CN208064424U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-11-09 | 成都圣恩生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of enzymolysis and extraction tank for producing food dressing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109874999A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105482890B (en) | A kind of method of microwave-ultrasonic auxiliary extracting linseed oil by water-enzyme process | |
| CN107177007B (en) | A kind of preparation method of Auricularia polysaccharide | |
| CN107858393B (en) | Method for extracting protein polypeptide from walnut meal | |
| CN109874999B (en) | Grape seed powder for synchronously extracting protein and dietary fiber, preparation and special device | |
| CN108822230B (en) | Polysaccharide for ultrasonically extracting rosa roxburghii pomace | |
| CN104710541A (en) | Method for preparing laminarin from kelp | |
| CN104177136A (en) | Method for extracting active substances for fertilizers from algae | |
| CN103478400A (en) | High-purity rice bran protein and rice bran fibers and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103387599B (en) | Technology for extracting protein of folium mori | |
| CN104558238B (en) | Process for extracting sodium alginate | |
| CN102224907A (en) | Method for extracting dietary fibers from bean pods | |
| CN108653417A (en) | A kind of extracting method and its extract of black fruit Sorbus alnifloria | |
| CN104774228A (en) | Method for preparing persimmon tannin from persimmon | |
| CN102816633A (en) | Method for synchronously extracting corn germ oil and separation protein by using alcohol-assisted enzyme method | |
| CN107586821A (en) | A kind of extracting method and purposes of saline cistanche polypeptide | |
| CN108096301B (en) | Device for extracting total flavonoids in suaeda salsa by ultrasonic wave-microwave cooperation and process method thereof | |
| CN109602028B (en) | Extraction method of soluble dietary fiber from pineapple peel residues | |
| CN109369774A (en) | The extracting method of protein in a kind of acer truncatum seed dregs of rice | |
| CN109619264A (en) | The clean preparation method of the compound water-soluble function factor of soybean probiotic peptide | |
| CN104041653A (en) | Method for improving quality of protein powder | |
| CN102432667A (en) | Nori protein polysaccharide product and counter-current pulse ultrasonic-assisted extraction method thereof | |
| CN112890212A (en) | High-purity soybean dietary fiber and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108503715A (en) | A kind of subcritical water processing method improving resistance starch content | |
| CN107619411A (en) | A kind of ferroheme extracting method | |
| CN115005451A (en) | Method for extracting soluble dietary fiber from bean dregs |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |