CN103387599B - Technology for extracting protein of folium mori - Google Patents
Technology for extracting protein of folium mori Download PDFInfo
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- CN103387599B CN103387599B CN201310343845.6A CN201310343845A CN103387599B CN 103387599 B CN103387599 B CN 103387599B CN 201310343845 A CN201310343845 A CN 201310343845A CN 103387599 B CN103387599 B CN 103387599B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for extracting protein of folium mori. The technology comprises the following steps of: firstly pretreating the folium mori and preparing homogenate, filtering the folium mori homogenate through a filter method, respectively collecting the filtrate and the filter cake, after suspending the filter cake again, adding clear water again for extracting and filtering, mixing the filtrate extracted for two times, regulating the pH of the solution to be 2.0-4.5, adding a calcium salt solution, after standing, centrifuging and collecting the precipitate, suspending the precipitate again and then performing spray drying so as to obtain the protein of the folium mori. The technology has the advantages of simplicity in operation, high protein recovery rate, and high protein purity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biological extraction, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of extraction process of protein of folium mori.
Technical background
Mulberry leaf are leaves of moraceae plants mulberry tree, and the plant resources as a kind of high protein content has high economic worth.The tradition of mulberry leaf applies spinning of mainly breeding silkworms, and mulberry leaf contain the compositions such as a large amount of protein, polysaccharide and alkaloid and show multiple biological activity to have result of study to show.Many compositions in mulberry leaf have important application prospect, isolate different components and develop the added value that its new opplication not only can improve mulberry leaf, and be conducive to the comprehensive utilization of plant resources from mulberry leaf.
China is the country of mulberry tree most species, different geographical plantation mulberry leaf and be in different growing stage mulberry leaf its composition there is some difference.The water ratio of new fresh mulberry leaf gets over 70%.Composition analysis result based on dry state shows that in mulberry leaf, crude protein content is generally 21%-28%, and coarse-fibred content generally lower than other leaf, is about 8.1%-9.0%; Crude fat content is about 2.5%-3.6%; The content of total carbohydrates is about 44%-48.5%.Total percent of ash is a little more than the leaf of other plant, about 8.0-9.5%, and wherein calcium contents is 1.8%-2.4%, and phosphorus content is at 0.14%-0.24%; The content of potassium is at 1.9-2.87%, the content of magnesium is at 0.47-0.63%, mineralogical composition in mulberry leaf is not containing antinutritional factor and do not have toxicity (Nutritional evaluation of fresh leaves of mulberrygenotypes, Agricultural Science Digest, 2009,29 (3): 198-201; Nutritional quality ofleaves of some genotypes of mulberry.International Journal of Food Sciences andNutrition.2006,57 (5-6): 305-13).In addition, in mulberry leaf, also there are multiple alkaloid, polypeptide Flavonoid substances and plant sterol etc., therefore, the high nutritive value of mulberry leaf.
There is a large amount of protein in mulberry leaf, these protein belong to nutrition adequate proteins, have good retentiveness, solubleness, emulsifying property and emulsifying stability and whipability etc., are a kind of protein resources of preciousness.Extract these protein and develop the added value that different products is conducive to improving this resource, but correlative study and patent etc. are actually rare.Method (the extracting method of leaf protein that patent discloses a kind of extraction leaf protein from the mulberry leaf (silkworm excrement) after silkworm eats of Gu Jiantong application, application number 201110098872.2), but the raw material that this invention uses is not complete mulberry leaf, the extracting method adopted is traditional sodium hydroxide dissolution method, what use in albumen precipitation process is hydrochloric acid, and protein extracting ratio is not high and purity of protein is lower.Wang Taoyun and river big waves etc. have studied extraction process (food research and development, 2006,27-2:79-81 of the leaf protein of mulberry leaf respectively; Processing of farm products, 2007,12:19-21), but the protein extraction rate of recovery is lower, is respectively 55.2% and 64.6%, and the utilization ratio of raw material is not high.The protein of folium mori extraction process that Qu Hongsen etc. have studied based on fermentation (prepares the process optimization of protein of folium mori and the Vitro Digestibility mensuration of product with fermentation method, silkworm industry science, 2012,38-5:120-127), subtilis is added in leaching process, although the method can improve the yield of leaf protein, the proteolytic enzyme that in this extracting method, subtilis is expressed can cause protein of folium mori to be degraded, and the albumen of subtilis degraded simultaneously or secretion also will reduce the purity of protein of folium mori.
The technique extracting leaf protein in different plant has similarity, and these methods also can be used for the extraction of protein of folium mori in theory.The patent extracting albumen from plant of having applied for comprises: the extracting method (application number 201010518739.3) of grass leaf protein, this invention adopts the method for adding milk-acid bacteria to ferment after raw materials pretreatment again, cause being mixed into foreign protein in the albumen extracted, these foreign proteins derive from the albumen after milk-acid bacteria secretion or milk-acid bacteria degraded.A kind of method (application number 201110094137.4) extracting leaf protein from alfalfa hay, this invention for raw material, adopts Sodium Pyrosulfite pre-treatment with dry clover, then HCl treatment is adopted, obtain leaf protein cream, adopt the method for drying to prepare leaf protein, the purity preparing albumen is not high.A kind of extracting method (application number 20111000847.8) of soluble plant leaf protein, this invention adopts nano-device soak solution to soak plant leaf, again after filtration, soluble plant leaf protein is prepared after centrifugal, claim that nano-device used can promote protein extraction, but do not point out nano-device attribute and the mechanism of action.Leaf protein and albuminous extracting method (application number 201210198671.4), a kind of method extracting leaf protein from green vegetable leaf of this disclosure of the invention, the method of heating for dissolving and cryoprecipitation is adopted to extract albumen, but albumen precipitation rate is lower when the leaf protein that the method is used for mulberry leaf extracts, cause the rate of recovery not high, and purity of protein is lower.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as the not high and protein of folium mori purity of protein recovery existed for traditional plant leaf protein leaching process is low, the present invention aims to provide a kind of extraction process of protein of folium mori, to improve the leaf protein extraction yield of mulberry leaf, and improves the purity of protein of folium mori.The extraction process of a kind of protein of folium mori of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: get new fresh mulberry leaf, sieve and remove the dirt settling on mulberry leaf surface, to weigh (weight in wet base) and as payment foundation, mulberry leaf powder is broken into the sheet of about 0.3cm × 0.3cm, in the mulberry leaf after pulverizing, add the clear water of 2 ~ 5 times of weight, use refiner or colloidal mill that the mulberry leaf of pulverizing are made into homogenate shape.
(2) once extract: adopt the method for filtering to be filtered by the folium mori homogenate that step (1) obtains, collect filtrate and filter cake respectively.
(3) second extraction: mulberry leaf filter cake Eddy diffusion step (2) obtained is in the clear water of 3 ~ 5 times of weight, regulator solution pH to 7.0-9.0, add the enzyme of 0.2 ~ 2.0% mulberry leaf weight, add the iron(ic) chloride of raw material weight 0.05%-0.5%, 6 ~ 10h is stirred within the scope of 30 ~ 50 DEG C, suspension is filtered, collects filtrate.
(4) precipitation process: filtrate step (2) and step (3) obtained merges, and after mixing, pH value of solution is adjusted to 2.0 ~ 4.5 and adds calcium salt soln, stirring, uses centrifuging filtrate to be processed, collecting precipitation thing after leaving standstill.
(5) dry: throw out Eddy diffusion step (4) obtained, in the aqueous solution of 2 ~ 4 times of weight, stirs, and spraying dry, the powder of acquisition is protein of folium mori.
Preferably, in described step (3) leaching process, the raw material of enzymolysis be through the mulberry leaf residue after once extracting add clear water after suspended substance.
Preferably, in described step (3) leaching process, the enzyme of use can be lignoenzyme, cellulase or polygalacturonase, or these enzymes are used in combination.
Preferably, in described step (3) leaching process, the molysite added in solution can be the ferric chloride Solution of raw material weight 0.1%-0.5%.
Preferably, in described step (4) leaching process, the calcium salt added in solution can be calcium chloride, Calcium hydrogen carbonate or both are used in combination.
Compared with prior art, its advantage comprises in the present invention:
(1) adopt the method for step by step arithmetic, improve the yield of protein of folium mori.
(2) adopt the method for step by step arithmetic, in second time leaching process, add enzyme, reduce the consumption of enzyme.
(3) protein of folium mori adopting extracting method of the present invention to prepare has the high advantage of purity.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; what be worth proposition is; the explanation of embodiment just to the extraction process of a kind of protein of folium mori of the present invention; the whole of patent of the present invention can not be represented; more limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as; under the precondition of design not departing from essence of the present invention, some adjustment or improvement can also be made, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
New fresh mulberry leaf, test result shows that this raw aqueous rate is 71.8%, and protein content is 8.0%(hygrometric state);
(1) pre-treatment: get new fresh mulberry leaf, vibrations sieve method removes mulberry leaf surface particles thing, and weighing its weight is 100kg; The fresh mulberry leaf powder of 100kg is broken into the sheet of about 0.2cm × 0.3cm; In the mulberry leaf after pulverizing, add the clear water of 200kg, adopt high-speed homogenization machine that mulberry leaf sheet is made homogenate.
(2) once extract: adopt the method for filtering to be filtered by the folium mori homogenate that step (1) obtains, obtain filtrate 180kg, filter cake 120kg.
(3) second extraction: mulberry leaf filter cake Eddy diffusion step (2) obtained is in the clear water of 200kg, add manganese hydrogen sodium regulating solution pH to 8.0, add the cellulase of new fresh mulberry leaf weight 1%, add 1 liter of aqueous solution containing 100g iron(ic) chloride, 8h is stirred under 35 DEG C of conditions, suspension is carried out press filtration, obtains filtrate 260kg.
(4) precipitation process: filtrate step (2) and step (3) obtained merges, obtains solution 340kg, after mixing, pH value of solution is adjusted to 4.0, the calcium chloride solution that 34kg concentration is 1% is added in solution, stir, use centrifuging filtrate to be processed, collecting precipitation thing.
(5) dry: throw out Eddy diffusion step (4) obtained is in the aqueous solution of 2 times of weight, stir, spraying dry, obtains protein of folium mori, weight is 7.8kg(albumen yield is 97.5%), purity of protein is the 95.0%(total protein rate of recovery 92.63%).
Claims (3)
1. an extraction process for protein of folium mori, is characterized in that this technique comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: get new fresh mulberry leaf, sieve and remove the dirt settling on mulberry leaf surface, weigh described mulberry leaf weight in wet base and as payment foundation, mulberry leaf powder is broken into the sheet of 0.3cm × 0.3cm, in the mulberry leaf after pulverizing, add the clear water of 2 ~ 5 times of weight, use refiner or colloidal mill that the mulberry leaf of pulverizing are made into homogenate shape;
(2) once extract: adopt the method for filtering to be filtered by the folium mori homogenate that step (1) obtains, collect filtrate and filter cake respectively;
(3) second extraction: mulberry leaf filter cake Eddy diffusion step (2) obtained is in the clear water of 3 ~ 5 times of weight, add sodium carbonate regulating solution pH to 7.0-9.0, add the cellulase of 0.2 ~ 2.0% mulberry leaf weight, add the molysite of raw material weight 0.05% ~ 0.5%, 6 ~ 10h is stirred within the scope of 30 ~ 50 DEG C, suspension is filtered, collects filtrate;
(4) precipitation process: filtrate step (2) and step (3) obtained merges, after mixing, pH value of solution is adjusted to 2.0 ~ 4.5, adds calcium salt soln, stir, centrifuging is used filtrate to be processed after leaving standstill, collecting precipitation thing;
(5) dry: throw out Eddy diffusion step (4) obtained, in the aqueous solution of 2 ~ 4 times of weight, stirs, and spraying dry, the powder of acquisition is protein of folium mori.
2. the extraction process of a kind of protein of folium mori according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), the molysite added in solution can be iron(ic) chloride.
3. the extraction process of a kind of protein of folium mori according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (4), and the calcium salt added in protein solution can be calcium chloride, Calcium hydrogen carbonate or both is used in combination.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104356193A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-18 | 大兴安岭林格贝有机食品有限责任公司 | Method for extracting fructus mori protein from fructus mori |
| CN104543613B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2018-01-05 | 西华大学 | A kind of preparation method of protein of folium mori powder |
| CN106749501A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of method extracted for the leaf protein that the mulberry place of production is traced to the source |
| CN106942529A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-14 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | A kind of honeybee forage containing components in mulberry leaves and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575114A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-25 | 广东香龙香料有限公司 | Lasting fragrance type essence and preparation method thereof |
| CN113249359B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-05-30 | 山西农业大学 | Method for extracting mulberry leaf functional ingredient by utilizing enzyme |
| CN113754716A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-07 | 北京林业大学 | Technological method for extracting mulberry leaf protein by membrane method |
| CN114617793A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-06-14 | 天津师范大学 | Mulberry leaf protein hair conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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