CN109867565B - Plant protective agent and use method thereof - Google Patents
Plant protective agent and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109867565B CN109867565B CN201910209150.6A CN201910209150A CN109867565B CN 109867565 B CN109867565 B CN 109867565B CN 201910209150 A CN201910209150 A CN 201910209150A CN 109867565 B CN109867565 B CN 109867565B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant protective agent and a using method thereof, wherein the plant protective agent comprises the following components: 100-200 parts of urea and 5-8 parts of compound microbial agent by weight are mixed uniformly to obtain the plant protective agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting candida utilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and streptomyces jingyangensis in a fermentation culture medium. The invention enhances the stimulation effect on pests by the synergistic effect of urea and the compound microbial agent, effectively expels the pests, can attract the natural enemies of the pests at the same time, has obvious pest control effect and has the reduction rate of the population of the pests reaching 70 to 84 percent. The prevention and treatment effect on diseases is also obviously enhanced, and the incidence rate of the copra stem purging disease is only 0-2%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a disease and pest control technology for agriculture and forestry plants, in particular to an agriculture and forestry plant protective agent.
Background
At present, chemical pesticides are still used as main control measures for plant diseases and insect pests. The chemical pesticide is used for a long time, so that the pests have different degrees of drug resistance, the prevention and treatment effect is obviously reduced, and the chemical pesticide also has the pollution problem and causes serious influence on human health. In order to solve the disadvantages of chemical pesticides, researchers further research and develop biological pesticides, for example, the invention patent of application number CN201310738242.6 discloses a preparation method of microbial fertilizer or pesticide and the prepared microbial fertilizer or pesticide; uniformly mixing peat slag with saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and bacillus, mixing the peat slag with fructus cannabis seed slag, bean dregs and tobacco stem roots, and fermenting under the action of peat immobilized enzyme to obtain a medical fertilizer intermediate product; packaging the intermediate product of the pesticide fertilizer, and continuously fermenting to obtain the microbial fertilizer; or engineering bacteria expansion is carried out on the intermediate product of the pesticide fertilizer, fermentation and filling are continued, and the microbial liquid pesticide is obtained. It has high yield increasing effect, and the disease preventing and insect preventing effect needs to be further strengthened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a plant protectant that solves the above problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a plant protectant comprises the following components: 100-200 parts of urea and 5-8 parts of compound microbial agent by weight are mixed uniformly to obtain the plant protective agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting candida utilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and streptomyces jingyangensis in a fermentation culture medium.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 30-38 ℃, and the fermentation pH is controlled to be 7.0-7.5.
Preferably, the fermentation medium consists of 1000 parts by weight of water, 10-25 parts by weight of corn flour, 10-25 parts by weight of glucose, 2-5 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3-5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 0.5-1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.1-0.2 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the compound microbial agent, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a mixed bacterium solution of candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens: inoculating candida utilis to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 0.5-0.8 part by weight of yeast powder, 15-20 parts by weight of glucose, 3-5 parts by weight of seaweed ash and 0.5-2 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate, culturing for 1-2 days, adding 10-15 parts by weight of peptone and 50-100 parts by weight of sodium chloride, then inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and continuously culturing for 1-3 days to obtain a candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens mixed bacterial solution;
the content of the candida utilis in the mixed bacterial liquid is (10-15) multiplied by 109cfu/mL; the content of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mixed bacterial liquid is (1-3) multiplied by 109cfu/mL；
B. Preparing streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial solution: selecting Jingyang streptomycete, inoculating the Jingyang streptomycete to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 15-20 parts by weight of soluble starch, 0.5-1 part by weight of potassium nitrate and 0.5-1 part by weight of ferrous sulfate, and culturing for 1-2 days to obtain a Jingyang streptomycete bacterial liquid; the content of streptomyces jingyangensis in the bacterial liquid is (10-20) x 109cfu/mL; wherein, ozone is also introduced after inoculation;
C. preparing a compound microbial community: and B, respectively inoculating the bacterial liquids obtained in the step A and the step B into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent by weight for fermentation culture to obtain the compound microbial agent.
Preferably, the concentration of the ozone is 10-15 mg/m3The ozone is introduced for 20-30 min.
Preferably, the plant protection agent is for plants of the palmaceae family.
Preferably, the plant protective agent is diluted by 100-200 times and applied by 5-10 jin per mu.
The plant protective agent of the invention is prohibited from being mixed with other antibiotics, insecticides, bactericides, disinfectants and strong acid and alkaline products for use.
The plant protection agent of the present invention is suitable for all growth stages of plants of the Palmaceae family, and is applied to soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. researches show that many natural enemies (parasitic wasps) of pests carry out positioning parasitic on the pests through urea, namely the urea is a natural enemy attractant, and the invention mainly controls the pests by luring the natural enemies of the pests through the urea. The disease prevention is mainly realized by a compound microbial agent formed by mixing and fermenting candida utilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and streptomyces jingyang. The synergistic linkage reaction of a plurality of beneficial floras is utilized to generate a large amount of beneficial substances which are easy to be absorbed by crops, such as amino acid, organic acid, polysaccharide, various vitamins, various biochemical enzymes, growth promoting factors, antibiotics, disease (virus) resistant substances and the like, so that the fertility and the lasting effect are improved, the immune function of the crops is improved, the healthy growth is promoted, the soil is improved, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is reduced; therefore, the insect-proof and disease-preventing agent can prevent insects and diseases, enhance the healthy growth of crops, increase the yield by 10 percent and realize the triple effects of preventing insects and diseases and supplementing nutrients; in addition, the invention has the stimulation effect on pests through the synergistic effect of the urea and the compound microbial agent, effectively expels the pests, can attract the natural enemies of the lepidoptera pests at the same time, and has better disease prevention and insect prevention effects.
2. After the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum is deeply researched, the treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that the synergistic effect of the compound microbial inoculum and urea is enhanced, the stimulation effect on pests is obvious, the pests are effectively repelled, meanwhile, a large amount of natural enemies of the pests can be attracted, the obvious pest control effect is achieved, and the reduction rate of the pest population reaches 84%. The prevention and treatment effect on diseases is also obviously enhanced, and the incidence rate of the copra stem purging disease is only 0-2%.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The candida utilis, the beer yeast, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the bacillus subtilis and the streptomyces jingyangensis are all purchased from the market.
Example 1
A plant protectant comprises the following components: 100 parts by weight of urea and 5 parts by weight of compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by inoculating candida utilis bacterial liquid, bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial liquid and streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent, and mixing and fermenting for 2 days. The fermentation temperature is 30-38 ℃, and the fermentation pH is controlled to be 7.0-7.5.
The fermentation medium consisted of 1000 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of corn flour, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.1 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
Example 2
A plant protectant comprises the following components: 200 parts of urea and 8 parts of compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting candida utilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and streptomyces jingyangensis in a fermentation culture medium for 2 days. The fermentation temperature is 30-38 ℃, and the fermentation pH is controlled to be 7.0-7.5.
The fermentation medium consisted of 1000 parts by weight of water, 25 parts by weight of corn flour, 25 parts by weight of glucose, 5 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.2 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
Example 3
The difference between example 3 and example 2 is:
the preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a mixed bacterium solution of candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens: selecting candida utilis, inoculating the candida utilis to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 0.5 part by weight of yeast powder, 15 parts by weight of glucose, 3 parts by weight of seaweed ash and 0.5 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, culturing for 1 day, adding 10 parts by weight of peptone and 50 parts by weight of sodium chloride, then inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and continuously culturing for 1 day to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid of the candida utilis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the content of Candida utilis in the mixed bacterial liquid is 10 multiplied by 109cfu/mL; the content of bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mixed bacterial liquid is 1 multiplied by 109cfu/mL；
B. Preparing streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial solution: selecting streptomyces jingyangensis, inoculating the streptomyces jingyangensis to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 15 parts by weight of soluble starch, 0.5 part by weight of potassium nitrate and 0.5 part by weight of ferrous sulfate, and culturing for 1 day to obtain streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial liquid; the content of streptomyces jingyangensis in the bacterial liquid is 10 multiplied by 109cfu/mL; wherein, ozone is also introduced after inoculation; the ozone concentration is 10mg/m3The ozone was introduced for 20 min.
C. Preparing a compound microbial community: respectively inoculating the bacterial liquids obtained in the step A and the step B into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent by weight for fermentation culture for 2 days to obtain the compound microbial agent.
Example 4
The difference between example 4 and example 2 is:
the preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a mixed bacterium solution of candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens: selecting candida utilis, inoculating the candida utilis to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 0.8 part by weight of yeast powder, 20 parts by weight of glucose, 5 parts by weight of seaweed ash and 2 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate, culturing for 2 days, adding 15 parts by weight of peptone and 100 parts by weight of sodium chloride, then inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and continuously culturing for 3 days to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid of the candida utilis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
the content of Candida utilis in the mixed bacterial liquid is 15 multiplied by 109cfu/mL; the content of bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mixed bacterial liquid is 1 multiplied by 109cfu/mL；
B. Preparing streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial solution: selecting Jingyang streptomycete, inoculating the Jingyang streptomycete to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of soluble starch, 1 part by weight of potassium nitrate and 1 part by weight of ferrous sulfate, and culturing for 2 days to obtain a Jingyang streptomycete bacterial liquid; the content of Streptomyces jingyangensis in the bacterial liquid is 20 multiplied by 109cfu/mL; wherein, ozone is also introduced after inoculation; the ozone concentration is 15mg/m3The ozone was introduced for 30 min.
C. Preparing a compound microbial community: respectively inoculating the bacterial liquids obtained in the step A and the step B into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent by weight for fermentation culture for 2 days to obtain the compound microbial agent.
Example 5
The difference between example 5 and example 4 is: in step A, 30 parts by weight of sodium chloride is used.
Example 6
The difference between example 6 and example 4 is: the ozone concentration in the step B is 5mg/m3The ozone was introduced for 10 min.
Comparative example 1:
a plant protectant comprises the following components: 50 parts by weight of urea and 10 parts by weight of compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by inoculating candida utilis bacterial liquid, bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial liquid and streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent, and mixing and fermenting for 2 days. The fermentation temperature is 30-38 ℃, and the fermentation pH is controlled to be 7.0-7.5.
The fermentation medium consisted of 1000 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of corn flour, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.1 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
Comparative example 2
A plant protectant comprises the following components: 100 parts by weight of urea and 5 parts by weight of compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by inoculating beer yeast liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid and streptomyces jingyangensis liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3%, and mixing and fermenting for 2 days. The fermentation temperature is 30-38 ℃, and the fermentation pH is controlled to be 7.0-7.5.
The fermentation medium consisted of 1000 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of corn flour, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.1 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
Test examples
The plant protection agents of examples and comparative examples were applied to the palmaceae plants (coconuts were selected in this test example), and the plant protection agent was diluted 100 times and applied at 5 jin per acre (when diluted 200 times, the application amount was increased accordingly). After application for 7 days, the forest pest (taking coconut moth as an example) and the number of natural enemies of the pest are investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.
The plant protective agent has the effects of preventing and treating the diarrhoea of the coconut stems: the bleeding disease of the coconut stems mostly occurs in coconuts of about 20 years old, at the initial stage of disease occurrence, the base parts of the trunks are cracked and flow out red juice, then the trunks gradually turn black, the crack tissues are rotten and gradually expand upwards from the base parts, and in severe cases, the crown leaves become small and the crowns wither and fall off. In the test, the plant protection agents of example 1, example 3, example 5 and the comparative example are respectively applied to 1 mu of coconut forest, the application is carried out once in 2 months, whether coconut stem diarrhea symptoms appear or not is observed after 1 year, coconut trees suspected to have diseases are sampled to detect pathogenic bacteria, and the disease incidence is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Proved by verification, the plant protective agent has a certain stimulation effect on pests, can effectively expel the pests, can attract the natural enemies of lepidoptera pests, has obvious pest control effect, and has a pest population reduction rate of 70-84%. The invention also has obvious prevention and treatment effect on diseases of palmaceae plants, and the incidence rate of the copra stem diarrhoea disease is only 0-2%.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention that is presented in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the practice of the invention is not to be considered limited to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a number of simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. A plant protective agent is characterized by comprising the following components: 100-200 parts of urea and 5-8 parts of compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting candida utilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and streptomyces jingyangensis in a fermentation culture medium; the fermentation medium comprises 1000 parts by weight of water, 10-25 parts by weight of corn flour, 10-25 parts by weight of glucose, 2-5 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3-5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 0.5-1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 0.1-0.2 part by weight of calcium carbonate.
2. The plant protection agent according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 30 to 38 ℃ and the fermentation pH is controlled to 7.0 to 7.5.
3. The plant protection agent according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial agent is prepared by the following method:
A. preparing a mixed bacterium solution of candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens: inoculating candida utilis to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 0.5-0.8 part by weight of yeast powder, 15-20 parts by weight of glucose, 3-5 parts by weight of seaweed ash and 0.5-2 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate, culturing for 1-2 days, adding 10-15 parts by weight of peptone and 50-100 parts by weight of sodium chloride, then inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and continuously culturing for 1-3 days to obtain a candida utilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens mixed bacterial solution;
the content of the candida utilis in the mixed bacterial liquid is (10-15) multiplied by 109cfu/mL; the content of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mixed bacterial liquid is (1-3) multiplied by 109cfu/mL；
B. Preparing streptomyces jingyangensis bacterial solution: selecting Jingyang streptomycete, inoculating the Jingyang streptomycete to a culture medium consisting of 1000 parts by weight of water, 15-20 parts by weight of soluble starch, 0.5-1 part by weight of potassium nitrate and 0.5-1 part by weight of ferrous sulfate, and culturing for 1-2 days to obtain a Jingyang streptomycete bacterial liquid; the content of streptomyces jingyangensis in the bacterial liquid is (10-20) x 109cfu/mL; wherein, ozone is also introduced after inoculation;
C. preparing a compound microbial community: and C, inoculating the bacterial liquid obtained in the step A and the step B into a fermentation culture medium for fermentation culture to obtain the compound microbial agent.
4. The plant protection agent according to claim 3, wherein in step C: and respectively inoculating the bacterial liquids obtained in the step A and the step B into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 0.3 percent by weight for fermentation culture.
5. The plant protection agent according to claim 3, wherein the concentration of ozone is 10 to 15mg/m3The ozone is introduced for 20-30 min.
6. The plant-protecting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant-protecting agent is used for a plant of the Palmae family.
7. The method of using a plant protection agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant protection agent is diluted 100 to 200 times and applied 5 to 10 jin per mu.
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| CN112500239A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南顺新龙辰生物工程有限公司 | Plant protective agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112794750A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-14 | 东北农业大学 | Foliar fertilizer for increasing potato yield and preparation method thereof |
| CN112795512A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-14 | 东北农业大学 | Microbial preparation for treating potato starch wastewater and application method thereof |
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