CN109849951A - Subway or light rail subtract crowded increment train series - Google Patents

Abstract

What the present invention designed subtract crowded increase-volume subway or light rail train series, be it is a kind of can increase passenger capacity, slow down crowded novel train, the train passenger traffic volume can increase by 20%~60%；In the case where overall length of the train is greater than station length, the direct or indirect platform up and down of passenger in the capacity increasing compartment of institute's addendum makees reorganization and expansion without to route and station；Increase-volume train uses structure of motor train set form, driving motor is permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the device for the reclaiming braking electric energy being made of supercapacitor and converter is set, keep the traction power establishment train low with original tradition of train after addendum suitable, the reorganization and expansion expense of subway platform route is paid and exempted to save electric energy.

Description

Subway or light rail subtract crowded increment train series

Technical field

The invention belongs to rail vehicle transportation fields, specifically, being related to one kind can low cost solution different periods, difference Location traffic congestion problem, the subway or light rail train equipment series for improving carrying capacity.

Background technique

Rail traffic be a kind of high energy efficiency, high speed, high concentration degree, high passenger capacity quick land transportation railway and highway system, With the deep development of urbanization process, the sharp increase of urban population, city constantly extends to the periphery extension, wants to traffic Ask constantly improve, subway and light rail transit play irreplaceable important function in solving big flow urban transportation, so that In cause subway and light rail train in many block of cities and the period in it is crowded to capacity, the degree of crowding is also on the rise, shadow The performance of urban transportation function is rung.

Urban track traffic freight volume is big, speed is fast, carbon emission is few, energy efficiency is high, is urban transportation critical facility, and Optimal substitution means of conveyance after urban ground traffic Severe blockage, the popular welcome by society.But at present at home In the big city of the densely populated country in outer many cities, especially East Asia etc., due to various reasons, subway freight volume can't be complete Meet social ever increasing need, it is customary to occur crowded or even serious overload operation, reduces transport services quality, shadow Normal commuter service is rung, this situation urgently overcomes solution.

Aiming at the problem that volume of the flow of passengers overstaffs, many subway administrative departments, which can only take, increases train shift, adds compartment etc. Measure.But the volume of the flow of passengers still continues growing, for safety, so that material resources of employing a tremendous amount of manpower of having to, set in inlet Lock current limliting affects the normal trip of people.

According to practice at home and abroad experience, the construction scale and place capacity of subway engineering will be by the predictions of design period at a specified future date The volume of the flow of passengers and train handling capacity determine, are usually planned by the phase one's last year using three stages, and in China, initial stage is logical to build up Vehicle namely go into operation after the 3rd year, in the recent period be the 10th year, long term be the 25th year.Due to subway system category Large Scale Construction Engineering, Investment is big, the construction period is long, leaves unused for a long time to save the equipment for investing and avoiding some later periods just to use just, in the recent period, for can With the engineering of built by separate periods and it is equipped with equipment, extended construction is answered, adds.This creates the terminal a real contradiction, design fortune Amount is to change by initial stage, phase step type recent, at a specified future date, and actual passenger amount is often slowly gradual growth, two kinds of curves Cannot completely ideal joint match, can often be in the presence of repeatedly or hollow or crowded, both will cause returns of investment and dropped Low, empty rotten waste, but it is insufficient, crowded to capacity to cause capacity, so that being difficult to cope with the tired of processing subway actual motion demand It is difficult.

In addition, a kind of solution for being easier operation and executing can be found for being chronically at the crowded route of serious passenger Certainly scheme mitigates crowded, maintains relatively normal operation, finds a suitable phase buffer to build new line, is all subway or light The dilemma that rail Construction and operation person faces.

" the excessive no side door vehicle of the track train marshalling of long super platform of Chinese invention patent application 201410081948.4 The paper series such as compartment ", wherein proposing to increase without side door compartment to increase train passenger capacity, the no side door compartment rests in described Other than platform, the passenger in no side door compartment directly arrives the platform of finite length via the station interior compartment up and down；Without side door vehicle The technical characteristic in compartment is: whole section compartment without Ce Mian ?visitor's upper-lower door.

Although suggest plans to increase subway freight volume, slow down it is crowded have certain positive effect, increase train carrying The more simple and easy compartment of amount is a side door compartment and more side door compartments, rather than without side door compartment；Furthermore train increases Behind extra bus compartment, if speed is kept not subtract, caused electricity shortage bottleneck still may needs pair after train traction power consumption increase Route or station carry out plant retrofit, therefore equally will increase the increase-volume cost of operation department, also will affect the friendship during transformation Logical order, these two aspects require to make substantial improvements.

It is divided into short range long-range mutually separated facility and measure as by train marshalling list, both increases terminal facilities and train Cost, and be unfavorable for increasing train volume space, it is also not suitable for passenger and takes habit.So continuing extensive also it is necessary to make an amendment Retain existing seating convention, again in order to mutually be connected with existing transportation facility and operating method.

Summary of the invention

The method for solving subway and light rail capacity saturation undoubtedly mainly has two big means, and one is from route dilatation or station Transformation solves the problems, such as that another is to be transformed to improve capacity maintenance operation with train, the former is at high cost, transformation difficulty is big, will affect Existing traffic order, the latter's improvement cost is low, and it is one that operation, which is easy, and original traffic order can be kept to be not affected or less affected by influence The more feasible solution of kind.Here it is a kind of new concepts of increasing volume type train proposed by the invention.

Increasing volume type train is exactly that one kind avoids route and station construction retrofit as far as possible, mainly by higher than between traditional freight volume The improvement replacement of different type series train is dropped come the novel train scheme for increasing the passenger traffic volume, adapting to passenger flow demand with low cost Low and improvement subway crowded state.Although saying from basic conception, it is to add number of carriages by one kind that increasing volume type train, which remains on, Train groups with quality is improved, also have not low cost, but these trains are avoided that station reconstruction, still adapt to original shorter Railway platform, not by short railway platform length limitation smoothly realize up and down passenger flowing, and take method and it is existing ride be accustomed to it is essentially identical, It is easy to promote, the adaptability of new type train is good, mobility strong, can readjust the distribution crowded route at any time.

Increasing volume type train series of the invention constructs in this way, a kind of subway or light rail column for increasing carrying capacity Vehicle equipment series, train increases than original train hangs a section or several sections of compartments, and the compartment overall length of train is allowed to be greater than platform length, It is characterized in that last vehicle of train and/or head increase a section or more piece capacity increasing compartment；The part car body or whole of the capacity increasing compartment Car body is equipped with itself side door of part except platform, in capacity increasing compartment at train regular calling station and is directly connected to platform, Or capacity increasing compartment does not set side door, is connect by channel compartment side door with platform via connected rear opening；Subway is light Micro reorganization and expansion need not be made or must only be made to the route and platform of rail.

For increasing volume type series train while addendum dilatation, new train is by the means of energy conservation, identical Under service condition, energy consumption is kept substantially the level of train before original substitution, and therefore, new train also need not be to route after using Traction makees increase-volume reorganization and expansion for facility.

The direct technology effect that the present invention slows down crowded train is overcome it will be evident that be exactly to overcome crowded by increasing compartment Platform length not enough brought by 'bottleneck' restrictions, it is crowded to solve the problems, such as that passenger rides, while further through certain technology Measure reduces after train groups addendum to the pressure of route and station reconstruction, thus eliminate the dilatation of the subway passenger traffic volume to route, lead Draw power supply, the expense of reorganization and expansion is made at railway platform, station, saved a large amount of capital construction costs, avoided station construction to existing traffic order The interference effect of sequence meets the trip traffic needs of large capacity passenger, increases the income of operation department.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1, subway or light rail design freight volume and practical freight volume graph of relation

The compartment inner plane layout drawing of Fig. 2, the tail end passageway lane Che Heshen vehicle

Fig. 3, tail end are the compartment connection schematic diagram that passageway vehicle adds two lane Jie Shen vehicles

Fig. 4, the four of vehicle increase-volume train is driven using the single of more side door compartments

Fig. 5, the five of vehicle increase-volume train is driven using the single of more side door compartments

The compartment inner plane layout drawing of Fig. 6, head depth lane vehicle

8 compartment vehicle addendums are 9 compartment vehicle schematic diagrames in Fig. 7, double driving vehicle increase-volume trains

By 6 compartment vehicle increase-volumes to 10 lane Xiang Shen trains and platform relation schematic diagram in Fig. 8, double driving vehicle increase-volume trains

The compartment Fig. 9, Shen Xiang internal channel railing plan view

Centre gangway plan view in the compartment Figure 10, Shen Xiang

The two-way DC/DC inverter main circuit schematic diagram (explanation of attached drawing of Figure 11, supercapacitor and DC Traction Network connection Part, which is placed in specific embodiment chapters and sections, to be described)

Specific embodiment

China shares 43 granted new subways in city at present, plans 8600 kilometers of total kilometrage.Wherein a tier 2 cities are early Networking, Shanghai Pekinese subway total kilometrage even rank the global umber one, future quasi- three lines for building enlarging subway (containing light rail) There are about 50 in city, it is seen that subway has very big growth requirement.It is light as rail, since low cost, economy are high, from now in three lines City it is developing faster.Subway described in the present invention contains light rail if do not illustrated.

The reason of subway crowded overload is various, the reason of existing Metro Design builds aspect, also there is train selection The reason of configuration aspect, bigger reason is that the volume of traffic caused by the high speed development in city explodes.Before solving overload problems, have Necessity performs an analysis research to generating crowded a variety of causes, finds out the variant most suitable solution of city difference route.

The design principle of subway construction is briefly introduced first.

The passenger traffic volume of subway is usually gradually to increase with urban development, to guarantee that subway will not be owed over a long time after building up Load operation or in a short time frequent extending capacity reformation, and the construction investment at initial stage is saved, subway usually should be by the principle of economic rationality point The rule that stage carries out investment construction makees design planning.

The design period of subway be divided into initial stage, in the recent period, three periods planning at a specified future date, according to China and external practical experience, The design standard that design period uses by stages is used by the phase one's last year, and initial stage is after being open to the traffic and namely going into operation 3rd year, be the 10th year in the recent period, and long term is the 25th year, i.e. the design of three phases is wanted by the 3rd year, the 10th year, the 25th year period respectively Ask progress.Purpose by stages predominantly matches vehicle in the initial stage being open to traffic less, to reduce initial investment.

Design life refers under the conditions of general maintenance, can guarantee main structural engineering normal use it is minimum when Section.The component being connected with main structure, such as reinforced concrete floor, platform slab, stair inside station, when maintenance or displacement When will affect normal operation, the design work time limit also preferably uses 100 years long time limits.

The construction scale and place capacity of subway engineering will pass through energy by the passenger flow forecast amount and train of design period at a specified future date Power determines.Due to subway system category Large Scale Construction Engineering, investment is big, the construction period is long, for save just, invest and avoid in the recent period one The equipment that a little later periods just use is left unused for a long time, for it is all if any ground and overhead station structure and vehicle, power supply, driving oneself The outfit of the equipment such as dynamicization system with the engineering of built by separate periods and can be equipped with equipment, answer extended construction, add.But for the later period The engineering that pole can be brought to adversely affect ambient enviroment when enlarging is difficult very big or constructs again, and driving need one-stage completion Engineering, such as underground station and various underground heavy constructions, running tunnel and bridge, roadbed, track civil engineering, Ying Yuyi It is secondary to build up.

Station platform length is commonly designed are as follows: and 200m, 120m, 100m are several, certainly, the usual root of the specific design length in station It according to freight volume planning requirement, can also be selected by used train, design capacity often presses the train in 8 sections, 6 sections, 4 sections or 3 section compartments Planning and designing.The platform length of design require must be than overall length of the train it is long, this is a basic principle.

Therefore, having a significant impact to subway capacity, the degree of crowding and be easy to take Improving Measurements in addition to subway engineering Surely belong to subway train undoubtedly.

China's subway train mainly has four big models: A type, Type B, c-type and L-type.

A type subway train: 22.8 meters long, 3 meters wide, representative vehicle: Shanghai Underground 1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,13,14, No. 16 lines, the trains such as the line of Guangzhou 1,2,8 and Shenzhen, Line of Nanjing Subway.Each compartment staffing number 310.

Type B subway train: 19 meters long, 2.8 meters wide, representative vehicle: Beijing, Tianjin Underground expanded letter vehicle, the line of Guangzhou 3, on The trains such as extra large No. 8 lines.Each compartment staffing number 240.

C-type subway train: 19 meters long, 2.6 meters wide, representative vehicle: the trains such as 5, No. 6 lines of Shanghai Underground.Each compartment is fixed Member's number 220.

L-type subway train: it is 16 meters long, it is 2.8 meters wide.Representative vehicle: 4,5, No. 6 lines of Guangzhou Underground attach train, Beijing machine The trains such as field wire.Each compartment staffing number 310.

All rail lines for selecting A type or Type B train are frequently referred to subway, generally use 5~8 section marshalings； It selects the rail line of c-type, L-type train to be frequently referred to light rail, generallys use 3~5 section marshalings.

Fig. 1 is that subway or light rail design freight volume and practical freight volume graph of relation.

In figure, abscissa is time (time), and ordinate is subway freight volume, and design freight volume P is a stepped curve, time 3,10,25 initial stage, short-term and at a specified future date three timing nodes are indicated.And practical freight volume Q is usually expressed as a continuous slow liter song Line.Corresponding freight volume c1, c2, c3, referred to as freight volume equalization point on time point y1, y2, y3, at this moment, practical freight volume just with rule The amount of rowing is overlapped.But after period y1-3, y2-10 and y3.There is a situation where practical freight volumes to be greater than planning and designing freight volume, Different degrees of train will be caused crowded.

According to the rule of subway design and construction and train configuration, passenger flow less it is serious it is crowded be desired by transportation department , the efficiency of subway circulation will be utmostly played in this way, increases fare income, meets the need of construction and operation investment as early as possible It wants, and best serves society.Subway is built after all to realize the transport services of city large conveying quantity, so high carrying Rate, which is still that metro operation department is desired, even to be pursued.But overcrowding just produce side effect, and metro operation pipe Reason department must transfer a large amount of human and material resources when crowded and maintain transport order to scene, guarantee that transportation safety and traffic are logical Smooth train is punctual, operating pressure aggravates.For that purpose it is necessary to which it is crowded, improving the degree of crowding and easy to implement, row to find alleviation Effective method and facility.

The initial stage of Metro Design planning, the 3rd year after being open to the traffic for subway.Column are configured with the requirement of initial stage transport capacity Vehicle, be in order to meet be open to traffic after metro operation and save the needs of preliminary engineering investment, while having also contemplated after being open to traffic most The fast needs of first several years volume of the flow of passengers the comparison of the growth.In the period to before long term later in the early stage, to overcome train crowded state, It can generally consider that increasing the methods of compartment quantity and/or the encryption time of departure alleviates according to the situation of change of the volume of the flow of passengers Crowded state.But after super design carrying capacity occurs in long term, headway can not shorten again, and compartment total length When more than platform length, the increasing of vehicle number is with just by the 'bottleneck' restrictions of platform length.

The preferred option for solving the metro passenger flow degree of crowding is to increase the density of running train, but improving density of dispatching a car is to have Limit, it is necessary to prevent collision of knocking into the back under the safety requirements for guaranteeing train occlusion distance.So in arranging with sufficient density of dispatching a car Shi Hou, basic method must be by increasing compartment quantity, i.e. the method for train addendum solves, and the present invention is no exception.Such as The marshalling of 3 compartments is increased into the marshalling of 4 compartments, the marshalling of 6 compartments is increased into 8 compartments marshalling etc., just will effectively slow down the crowded journey of train Degree.But problem is Subway Station Platform length limited, so that increase compartment is cannot be introduced into platform area, also just without the original compartment one of the image of Buddha Sample is normally by platform on-board and off-board.

The present invention is exactly the various increase-volume train schemes for proposing to increase subway carrying capacity.It, first will be of the invention before narration In title in relation to compartment and definition be described as follows:

1, capacity increasing compartment

Refer to when train regulation stops position, part or all of side door is in the compartment other than platform in route.Increase A side door compartment, more side door compartments and three kinds of the compartment Shen Xiang (no side door compartment) can be divided by holding compartment.

2, a side door compartment

One of capacity increasing compartment refers to when train regular calling station have a fan side door directly to stand up and down for passenger The compartment of platform.One side door compartment, which can be, drives one of vehicle, power car or non-powered vehicle, but does not use band bow vehicle generally.

3, more side door compartments

One of capacity increasing compartment refers to when train regular calling station, has the side door of a fan or more direct for passenger The compartment of upper and lower platform.More side door compartments, which can be, drives one of vehicle, power car or non-powered vehicle, but does not use band generally Bend vehicle.

4, the compartment Shen Xiang

One of capacity increasing compartment refers to when train regular calling station, without side door for the directly upper and lower platform of passenger Compartment be not provided with just as a profound tunnel for the side door of platform above and below passenger in routine, therefore alternatively referred to as without side door vehicle Compartment, passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang must be via rear openings, could platform up and down by the side door in passageway compartment.

5, passageway compartment

Refer to when train regular calling station, passes through between the passageway compartment and the compartment Shen Xiang for the passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang Rear opening, then by the compartment of platform above and below its side door, passageway compartment usually arrange in pairs or groups the compartment Shen Xiang use.Passageway compartment All side doors in the same direction all lead to platform, allow passenger getting on/off in passenger and the compartment Shen Xiang in oneself compartment, therefore, passageway vehicle Compartment can also claim to borrow door compartment.It is measured from stringent definition, passageway compartment typically not belongs to the range of capacity increasing compartment concept, but It is that as the important mating compartment in the compartment Shen Xiang, and passageway compartment itself eliminates partial seat, also there is certain increase-volume energy Power, so passageway compartment belongs to the scope of half capacity increasing compartment.

6, increase-volume train

Subway train containing capacity increasing compartment any in the present invention.

The present invention will illustrate system by the sequence of the train that do not commutate (single to drive vehicle), train capable of reversing (the double driving vehicles of head-tail) Different train schemes in column.

Do not commutate train, i.e., tail end does not have the subway train of driver's cabin, is normally operated in loop wire, this is because loop wire arranges Vehicle need not u-turn.No. 4 lines of Shanghai Underground, Beijing Metro 2, No. 10 line all belong to loop wire, and the increase-volume train in this example can be used.And Subway uses both-end headstock, inconvenience when headstock commutates when a main purpose is to solve train return, because both ends are all Vehicle is driven, original tailstock driving vehicle changes to when return start for headstock driving vehicle can.Since loop wire vehicle does not have to u-turn Traveling, it is possible to be changed to bicycle head, can not only increase certain passenger capacity in this way, can more reduce train cost.

The present invention realize increase-volume subtract it is crowded it is single drive one of vehicle increase-volume train, be that the compartment number of train does not increase, only need by The driving vehicle of tail portion changes common compartment into, therefore a kind of new model of platform need not also be transformed.Only both-end is substituted with single-ended headstock Tail end is driven compartment replacement as the common compartment without seat, to increase passenger capacity by headstock.Due to having lacked a car Platform is sailed, and saves the space of partial seat, about 15% passenger capacity of section compartment increase can be made.Meanwhile removing train driving Platform, the cost of train also have certain economization.This is that the first singly drives vehicle increase-volume scheme, is that list is suitble to drive the most simple of vehicle Increase-volume scheme.

The two of single driving vehicle increase-volume train of the invention, are driven after removing on the basis of one of increase-volume train scheme Compartment, increases by one side door compartment of a section or more side door compartments, the compartment are placed on train end, and appropriate, micro extension platform, Increased section compartment can directly be connect using the side door of itself or more side doors with platform, can also be by being connected thereto Passageway compartment, be indirectly connected with platform, borrow door on-board and off-board, accelerate the speed of this vehicle passenger getting on/off.

When using this programme, it is necessary to first with the driving vehicle of passageway compartment substitution rear end, then in this section passageway compartment rear end increasing Add one side door compartment of a section or more side door compartments, 1 compartment dilatation scheme of increase.But what this scheme must extend platform work Micro transformation, the transformation distance in a side door compartment are about a gate-to-gate distance, the transformation in two side door compartments in more side door compartments Distance about two gate-to-gate distances, and so on.In short, to make passenger getting on/off in side door compartment convenient, that transformation at This is also increased.But on the basis of excavating platform resource potential, increase a door away from should not be high.Institute It states in scheme, due to increasing the passenger capacity in a section compartment, and the passenger capacity of capacity increasing compartment is greater than common compartment, can about make 4 compartments Train becomes 5 compartment trains, and train passenger capacity is made to increase by 30% or more.

It is measured from the convenient degree of passenger getting on/off, the effect in a side door compartment is certainly not as good as more side door compartments, still The former platform amount of remodeling and expanding is less than the latter, and the influence extended in work progress to existing traffic operation is also much smaller, so It must weigh the advantages and disadvantages according to existing platform condition and increase-volume requirement in conjunction with platform improvement project amount and select suitable capacity increasing compartment Scheme.

It is single to drive the three of vehicle increase-volume train, it is exactly the driving vehicle for using passageway compartment to substitute rear end, then behind the compartment of passageway The increase-volume train scheme of end one section of connection or the several sections of compartments Shen Xiang.This programme is transformed without platform.

It is such as 7 car trains by original 6 section vehicle dilatation, the common compartment at original end is first changed to passageway compartment, and Other compartments include that headstock driving vehicle all remains unchanged, then increases the increase-volume vehicle of a section to two lane Jie Shen vehicles behind the vehicle of passageway Compartment, 1 section of train augmentation or 2 lane Jie Shen compartments, the compartment Shen Xiang become trailer；In the lane Qian Shen compartment front end, with passageway compartment Replace a section tradition compartment；Passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang enters passageway compartment through rear opening, is then got on or off the bus by passageway compartment Platform.

To expand the train passenger capacity during traffic peak, the compartment Shen Xiang can not choose a place to give a banquet seat, or be to look after passenger's It needs, only sets in the distal end in the compartment and attend a banquet on a small quantity, to encourage passenger to enter compartment deep, mitigate or alleviate gathering around for passage proximate The degree of squeezing.

To make the passenger in passageway compartment and the compartment Shen Xiang get on or off the bus rapidly, the rear opening (inline door) of train junction Can suitably it relax, door side nearby only sets erect-position without seat of choosing a place to give a banquet.

It is the compartment inner plane layout drawing that tail end is passageway vehicle and the lane a Jie Shen vehicle shown in Fig. 2.In figure, on track (1) side The tail end of a column subway train that is stopped of platform (2) be the lane a Jie Shen compartment (5), since train is 7 compartments to overstaff, so The compartment Shen Xiang cannot be introduced into gate position, but the compartment Shen Xiang is communicated by rear opening (43) with passageway compartment (4), so Passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang can pass in and out passageway compartment by rear opening, and pass in and out train by the side door (41) in passageway compartment, It is connected on platform, the side door in passageway compartment undertakes this compartment passenger while also taking into account the platform up and down of the passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang Function.

In figure, it is further marked with the rear opening (43) and seat (42) in passageway compartment, and it is close with the compartment Shen Xiang side common side Seat at door has been removed.The car door of the passageway compartment marked close to the compartment Shen Xiang one end can be than other compartments (3) Side door is slightly wide, is exactly the needs in order to flow with respect to passenger getting on/offs a large amount of in the compartment Shen Xiang.

Arrangement according to fig. 2, using tail end of the invention as 7 marshalling Type B trains of the passageway lane Che Heshen vehicle and former 6 section compartments Traditional subway train, 4 section compartments c-type light rail train make comparisons with the passenger capacity in 3 section compartments it is as follows:

By taking China's Type B subway train as an example, rows of vehicles of original 6 section marshalling, rated passenger capacity 1440, overcrowding carrying number Amount is 1880, average every 313 people of section carrying.After changing into 7 sections marshalling of the invention, made comparisons with the situation under overcrowding carrying, If passageway compartment increases passenger capacity 10% than common compartment, the compartment Shen Xiang increases passenger capacity 20% than common compartment, then this hair It is bright to subtract the common compartment of a section, increase the lane a Jie Shen compartment and a section passageway compartment, total overcrowding passenger capacity ratio of 7 section marshalings Original train increases passenger capacity 21.6%.

Such as by taking the c-type light rail train in 3 section compartments as an example, former each compartment is averaged staffing number 220, rated passenger capacity 660 Double driving vehicles of people are changed to singly drive vehicle, 4 car trains in the common compartment of a section, a section passageway vehicle and the lane a Jie Shen compartment, 4 Total passenger capacity of section marshalling increase-volume train increases passenger capacity 45% than original train.

To accommodate more peak passenger flows, single vehicle increase-volume train that drives can also increase by 2 lane Liang Shen vehicles in tail portion, and with one Passageway compartment substitutes the common compartment of a section, constitutes the 8 sections marshalling of larger capacity without the train for driving trailer from 6 compartment vehicle increase-volumes Group.That lane Liang Shen vehicle of proximal end is without attending a banquet, to improve the mobility of passenger, the distal part of the deep lane vehicle in distal end can set it is several attend a banquet, with Remote way passenger is looked after, then increases by two lane Jie Shen compartments, in addition a section passageway compartment substitutes common compartment, it is former by taking A type train as an example The overcrowding passenger capacity for having 6 section marshalings is 1880, the passenger capacity after changing into 8 marshalling increase-volume trains of the invention, than original Train increases passenger capacity 41.7%.

Certainly, after increasing deep lane vehicle, the travel distance of passenger extends, and will increase the time got on or off the bus, but increases After 20%~40% carrying capacity, the degree of crowding of train will be significantly reduced, the time of passenger getting on/off can be reduced again in turn, The two, which can be offseted partially, makes total time of getting on or off the bus keep balance appropriate.It can be said that increasing the influence of the lane a Liang Shen vehicle It may also not be that too greatly, after increasing the lane Liang Liangshen vehicle, influencing on passenger flow may bigger, flowing of the passenger in the second compartment Shen Xiang Route is longer, and getting on or off the bus just has certain difficulty.Because of this, consider that the practical application condition of three lane Liang Shen vehicles is bad, this Wen Buzuo it is further recommended that.

Fig. 3 is that tail end is the compartment connection schematic diagram that passageway vehicle adds two lane Jie Shen vehicles.In figure, the passageway compartment of last vehicle of train (4), two lane Jie Shen compartments (5) are connected behind, each compartment of front is constant, is still original 5 common compartments (3), is constituted 8 marshallings trains, which can be in the original platform on-board and off-board for only allowing 6 car lengths.

It is single to drive the four of vehicle increase-volume train, exactly increase the more side door compartments of a section behind compartment driving, drive compartment at For the compartment Shen Xiang, and end also adds a section side door compartment, the scheme in 2 section compartment of train addendum.

Fig. 4 is to drive the four of vehicle increase-volume train using the single of more side door compartments.In figure, it has also become band drives the lane Che Shen vehicle Compartment (65) is followed by side door compartment (53) more than one, successively connects passageway compartment (4), the common compartment of 4 sections (3), and most rear molding is gone back There are the more side door compartments of a section.

In this programme figure, the train in 8 compartments has been stopped on original platform for being only capable of accommodating 6 compartment trains, has been driven Compartment has become the compartment Shen Xiang (65) with driver's cabin, side door compartment (53) more than one directly followed by, if using 5 side doors A type train, then the section compartment has 3 side doors in platform, so upper platform is most from the passenger to come in compartment is driven Also it is no more than 6 side doors at a distance.And there are 2 side doors in the more side door compartments of final section towards platform, so platform on passenger Maximum distance does not exceed 2 doors, all still eaily.And by 6 compartment vehicle augmentations at 8 compartment vehicles after, passenger capacity once just increase Add 40% or more.

It is single to drive the five of vehicle increase-volume train, it will exactly drive compartment and be changed as more side door compartments, then face increases behind Add the common compartment of a section, final section compartment is also the scheme in the 1 section compartment of addendum in more side door compartments, two vehicle end to end when making to stop Compartment becomes the train in more side door compartments, that is to say, that the half side door in two compartments is located in platform end to end, the other half is in platform Outside.This programme is transformed without platform.

The every side of China A type car door has side door 5 right, and the every side 4 of Type B car door is right, and c-type Che Zhongsi axis vehicle and six-axle car are every side 4 On the door, eight axis vehicles be every side 5 on the door.Therefore this programme is designed as, and to Type B vehicle, head drives 2 side doors and the tail portion in compartment 2 side doors in compartment can rest on platform.For A type vehicle, it is contemplated that the passenger capacity in trailer compartment is big, so arranging to be head 3 side doors of 2 side doors and tail portion compartment that drive compartment can rest on platform.

Its main points implemented is, is the compartment M+1 train by the train increase-volume of the compartment M on the platform for being designed as M section compartment, then the In parking, all permission half-section compartments are in platform, and half-section compartment is in platform for one section compartment (head vehicle) and M+1 section compartment (trailer) Outside, in this way, the train in M+1 section compartment, each compartment, which can be transferred through compartment, has side door by oneself and directly keeps contacting with platform, every section Passenger in compartment can directly upper and lower platform.

It is assumed that the original overcrowding passenger capacity of A type train of original 6 compartment marshalling is 1880,7 grouped columns of this programme are changed into Passenger capacity after vehicle increases passenger capacity 22.5% than original train.

Fig. 5 is to drive the five of vehicle increase-volume train using the single of more side door compartments.In figure, head is with the more side doors for driving vehicle Compartment (56) is followed successively by 4 common compartments (3) behind and then passageway compartment (4), and end is side door vehicle more than one Compartment (51), 7 compartment vehicles rest in the platform that only 6 compartment vehicles of limit stop, and each car has side door towards platform, and passenger is maximum in the car The distance of moving distance of getting on or off the bus only 2 doors.As it can be seen that this is a kind of single preferred plan for driving 1 compartment of vehicle increase-volume train addendum.

The side in distance and same compartment according to preliminary investigation, in A type car door and Type B car door, between two compartments between side door Door distance is equal, for example, in the Line 1 train of Suzhou, there are 4 side doors on the every side of each compartment, between ipsilateral compartment side door in Heart distance is 4880mm, and compartment end side doors center to compartment threshold value is 2180mm, the connection between two compartments end Distance is 520mm.It calculates like this, the center between adjacent two compartment side door is away from being still 4880mm.That is, all screens of platform It is equal for covering the distance between door.Singly drive vehicle increase-volume train four or five in, mobile half or so the parking stall of train is stopped Afterwards, it is all can pull in side door and platform isolating door still all can zero deflection be aligned, be able to satisfy the needs of this programme implementation.But In 6, No. 8 lines of Shanghai Underground, gate and non-equally, so this programme cannot be implemented, unless modification platform screen door, makes to shield Cover the requirement that a position is suitble to the train side door distance after changing.

It is single to drive the six of vehicle increase-volume train, it is exactly all respectively to increase the M+4 scheme in the lane Liang Jieshen compartment on head and tail portion, with M=6 meter, so that it may 6 marshalings be upgraded into 10 compartment vehicles, entire train capacity will increase 75% or so.

Fig. 6 is to increase the compartment inner plane layout drawing in 2 lane Jie Shen compartments on train head.Vehicle (6) are driven in figure becomes deep Lane drives vehicle (65), and behind plus the lane a Jie Shen vehicle (5), with a passageway vehicle (4) is followed by, compartment further below does not change, The passenger for driving the lane Che Heshen car goes backward through passageway vehicle platform up and down.It drives interior seat to halve, deep lane car is not chosen a place to give a banquet Seat.Deep lane vehicle is also become due at this moment, driving vehicle.In the increase-volume train of this programme, driving vehicle cannot be on original parking stall Parking, and the parking of 2 section car positions must be opened further along, in this way, rearmost two section compartment is also that the compartment Shen Xiang (fails in figure It all draws).

Above six it is single drive in vehicle increase-volume train schemes, only scheme two has a micro platform reorganization and expansion, other five Scheme need not all change platform, and only replacing train just can be reduced the degree of crowding, increases the train passenger traffic volume.But it needs to pay attention to It is that in big multi-scheme, the increase of passenger capacity concentrates on head and tail portion, head-tail platform can generate certain crowded.So How after newly-increased train capacity, platform passenger flow is evacuated according to the concrete condition of new car, administrative department should be considered to arrange, So that increase-volume train plays best efficiency.

If the position of stopping that single change for driving vehicle drives compartment behind tail portion, change mostly is constant, drive Member's operation is unaffected.Have four train of increase-volume train only, vehicle should be parked in by driver to be moved forward than original parking stall The position in one and half compartments position.Five train of increase-volume train, vehicle should be parked in by driver to be moved forward than original parking stall The position of half of compartment position.

In conclusion concluding single main feature for driving vehicle increase-volume train addendum scheme are as follows:

1, train tail end increases by one side door compartment of a section or more side door compartments；Platform makees the micro transformation extended；Drive vehicle Position of stopping is constant.

2, train tail end increases a section or the several sections of compartments Shen Xiang, before the compartment first segment Shen Xiang, more with a section passageway compartment Change the common compartment of a section；Platform is constant；It is constant to drive vehicle position of stopping.

3, train tail end increases the more side door compartments of a section, while driving vehicle and also changing into more side doors driving vehicles；Platform is constant； Vehicle is driven to stop forward half of the compartment in position position.

4, it is the compartment Shen Xiang that train head, which drives compartment, is further added by the lane a Jie Shen compartment thereafter, and tail portion increases the lane Liang Jieshen The M+4 scheme that compartment, the compartment Shen Xiang and common compartment lean on passageway compartment to connect, M are original compartment number；Platform is constant；Drive vehicle It stops the forward 2 compartments position in position.

5, train increases the more side door compartments of a section behind driving compartment, and driving compartment becomes the compartment Shen Xiang, and end also adds The more side door compartments of one section, 2 section compartment of train addendum；Platform is constant；It drives vehicle and stops position by previous half compartment position.

Since most of subway trains are all the arrangements for making the double driving vehicles of initial and tail sections, whens double train returns for driving vehicles, is not required to Increase commutation route, exchanging driving vehicle can realize that train commutates, and commutation is convenient, and the time it takes is short, therefore becomes The train pattern that various regions subway mostly uses greatly.

Double the first scheme for driving vehicle increase-volume train, are that driving vehicle end to end is all changed to more side door compartments and is being arranged Increase the scheme in the common compartment of a section among vehicle, that is, the head and the tail both ends of one section car trains of augmentation are that more side doors drive compartment Increase-volume train.In train dwelling, parking position is moved forward the distance in half of compartment by driver, so that it may so that all vehicles Compartment can top platform, wherein all common compartment all top can stand with side door and driving compartment half with side door Platform, the other half side door for driving compartment are closed.Platform need not be reconstructed in this programme, use increase-volume train instead with regard to amplifiable section vehicle The passenger traffic volume in compartment will only drive the distance of compartment parking stall half of parking stall of forward movement, make all compartments top platform of energy, It is a preferred option that is simple and being easy implementation.

The line of Shanghai 1,2 belongs to A type vehicle, and every side 5 has expanded now to 8 compartments side door, and in peak period, Though the departure interval has been approached the limit, still very crowded.Therefore this programme is designed as, and increase-volume train is by 8 compartment addendums to 9 compartments, head 3 side doors that portion drives 2 side doors in compartment and tail portion drives compartment can rest on platform.After tuning, head 3 tail, 2 side doors Can rest on platform, default 5 side doors in this two sections compartment, cannot whole top platforms, but still have half side door that can lean on Upper platform.

In present case, for being equipped with the platform of isolating door, and between different compartment, side door distance is not equal to compartment side door Between distance train, such as the line of Shanghai 6, No. 8 lines, mobile half-section compartment rear door change in location, some shield doors will deviate from Compartment side door is more troublesome it is necessary to make appropriate reconstruction to shield door.But for most domestic subway platform and train, Generally equal to cabin side gate-to-gate distance, subway station shield door need not be reconstructed and can be used side door distance between the different compartment of train The increase-volume train of this programme, in this way, in congestion period and crowded location instead existing ordinary train can be used to increase-volume of the invention Train, crowded pressure of releiving improve shipping mass, and in other periods, it is economical operation, the recovery of increase-volume train can be removed and started Ordinary train.This programme had not only needed to make platform reorganization and expansion, but also can bring to passenger most generous while train increase-volume Just.It is only that driver must be by the distance in parking position half of compartment of forward movement that it, which changes, and increase-volume is more convenient.

Based on rated passenger capacity by 8 compartments of original establishment is 2480, original driving vehicle is changed to 1 compartment of M+1 increase-volume column Che Hou will remove the interior most of seat of driving, and the train neighbouring with vehicle is driven also removes partial seat, the passenger traffic in these compartments Amount is to increase in terms of 15%, and the specified passenger traffic volume of permutation vehicle increases to 2976, increase-volume about 20%.Drive vehicle stop position move forward half of compartment Position.

It is 9 compartment vehicle schematic diagrames that Fig. 7, which show 8 compartment vehicle addendums in double driving vehicle increase-volume trains,.Increase by 1 section among 8 compartment vehicles Common compartment (3), and driving compartment (5) are changed to more side door compartments (56).

The two of double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes, be by 2 driving compartments be changed to the compartment Shen Xiang (65), then will with drive compartment The common compartment of 2 sections being connected is changed to passageway compartment (5), retains the original common compartment of 6 sections, increase-volume train by 8 compartment addendums to The M+2 scheme in 10 compartments forms " deep lane drives the compartment+common compartment of+6 section of passageway compartment+passageway compartment+depth lane and drives compartment " Series structure, platform need not make reorganization and expansion in this programme.The position that compartment moves forward a compartment is driven when stopping.

The specified passenger traffic volume of permutation increase-volume train increases to 3317 from original 2480, increase-volume about 33.8%.

The three of double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes are 2 driving compartments to be changed to the compartment Shen Xiang, then will be connected with compartment is driven The common compartment of 2 sections connect is changed to more side door compartments, in addition 2 section passageway compartments, retain the original common compartment of 5 sections, increase-volume train By the M+3 scheme of 8 compartment addendums to 11 compartments, " deep lane driving compartment+more side doors compartment+common compartment+mistake of+5 section of passageway compartment is formed Road compartment+more side doors compartment+depth lane drives compartment " series structure, platform need not be reconstructed in this programme.Vehicle is driven when stopping Compartment moves forward the position in one and half compartments.

The permutation vehicle passenger traffic volume increases to 3720 from specified 2480, increase-volume about 50%.

The four of double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes are 2 driving compartments to be changed to the compartment Shen Xiang, then will be connected with compartment is driven The common compartment of 2 sections connect is also changed to the compartment Shen Xiang, in addition 2 section passageway compartments, retain the original common compartment of 6 sections, increase-volume train By 8 compartment addendums to 12 compartments, " the deep lane driving compartment the compartment+Shen Xiang+common compartment of+6 section of passageway compartment+passageway compartment+depth lane is formed Compartment+depth lane drives compartment " series structure, platform need not be reconstructed in this programme.Compartment is driven when stopping moves forward 2 The position in compartment.

The permutation vehicle passenger traffic volume increases to 4061 from specified 2480, increase-volume about 63.8%.

The five of double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes are will to drive compartment to be adapted for the compartment Shen Xiang, add a section deep again behind Then lane compartment is followed by the train scheme in passageway compartment in the compartment Shen Xiang, make original establishment 6 compartment increase-volume, 7 compartment vehicle, The Type B train capacity that overcrowding passenger capacity is 1880 is increased to 2278, increases passenger capacity 22.5% than original train.Vehicle is driven to stop Parking stall is to 2 car positions of Forward, referring to Fig. 4.

The six of double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes are that the driving compartment at both ends all becomes the compartment Shen Xiang, then drives adjacent The front and back of vehicle adds two section passageway vehicles (4), instead of common in-vehicle (5), so that train is become 8 marshalings from 6 marshalling vehicles, total passenger capacity is 2696, increase passenger capacity 45.0% than original train.

Fig. 8 is in double driving vehicle increase-volume trains by 6 compartment vehicle increase-volumes to 10 lane Xiang Shen trains and platform relation schematic diagram.Figure In, centre is original common compartment of 4 section (3), respectively configure a section passageway vehicle (4) before and after them, the lane a Jie Shen vehicle (5), Original industry is connected to become the driving vehicle (65) in the compartment Shen Xiang, vehicle seat seat is driven and halves.

All multi-schemes of double driving vehicle increase-volume trains are described above, total is summarized as the compartment the M car team vehicle increase passenger traffic volume To double driving increase-volume trains of M+1, M+2, M+3, M+4.It is no more than 2 sections in the increased compartment in the every one end of train due to sharing, it is right The disengaging platform control time is unlikely to too nervous to passenger by bus, but only terminates in this, and increasing the too many compartment Shen Xiang, the practicability is poor, no Work is recommended.

In above-mentioned double driving vehicle increase-volume train schemes, platform need not all be reconstructed, as long as by existing common transport train The train passenger traffic volume can be increased by being replaced as a certain suitable increase-volume train in the present invention, and mitigation train is crowded in various degree, be improved Environment by bus.

In conclusion concluding the main feature of double driving vehicle increase-volume train addendum schemes are as follows:

1, driving vehicle end to end changes into more side door compartments, and increases by 1 vehicle of increase-volume in the common compartment of a section among train Compartment scheme；Vehicle is driven to stop forward half of the compartment in position position.

2, driving vehicle end to end changes into the compartment Shen Xiang, is changed to passageway vehicle with the common compartment of 2 sections that compartment is connected is driven Compartment retains other common compartments, 2 compartment scheme of increase-volume；Vehicle is driven to stop the forward 1 compartment position in position.

3, driving vehicle end to end changes into the compartment Shen Xiang, is changed to passageway vehicle with the common compartment of 2 sections that compartment is connected is driven Compartment retains other common compartments, 3 compartment scheme of increase-volume；It drives vehicle and stops position by previous half compartment position.

4,2 driving compartments are changed to the compartment Shen Xiang, then the common compartment of 2 sections being connected with driving compartment is also changed to deep lane Compartment, in addition 2 section passageway compartments, retain the common compartment in original part, 4 compartment scheme of train addendum；Vehicle position of stopping is driven to lean on Preceding 2 compartments position.

The present invention covers the subway train augmentation increase-volume scheme of all limited platform lengths, but is limited to by length, it is impossible to All schemes are included in.

Due to the influence of train augmentation, the configuration to train dynamics, pantograph is needed to be briefly described.

Firstly, China's subway train is all made of motor train unit train, the difference of dynamic vehicle and trailer in train, power car Driving motor is installed on reversing gear bracket, and trailer is not required to power.Other than whether power, there are also drive vehicle and band for the difference in compartment Bend the difference of vehicle, driving vehicle is that the motor-driven device of train operation is manipulated with bridge, it drives vehicle and is always placed on train end to end, Every train generally configures two band bow vehicles.Band bow vehicle is then equipped with bow collector in roof to obtain electric energy, band bow from Traction networks Vehicle is seldom placed on train end to end.

Common train marshalling list are as follows:

3 compartment vehicles, 2 dynamic 1 drag, and trailer is end to end power car in centre, and are to drive vehicle and with bow vehicle.

4 compartment vehicles, 2 dynamic 2 drag, and power car is end to end trailer and driving vehicle in centre, band bow.

6 compartment vehicles, 4, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 2nd, Section 5 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

8 compartment vehicles, 6, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 2nd, Section 7 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

In the present invention, all increase-volume vehicles meet the above each compartment vehicle marshalling, can organize into groups according to above structure, and particularly belong to Any capacity increasing compartment is unrelated.Other compartment vehicles can refer to is organized into groups with flowering structure:

5 compartment vehicles, 3, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 2nd, Section 4 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

7 compartment vehicles, 5, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 2nd, Section 6 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

Or 4 dynamic 3 drag, Section 1, Section 4, Section 7 are trailer, remaining is power car, wherein the 2nd, Section 6 is band bow vehicle, It is end to end driving vehicle.

9 compartment vehicles, 7, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 2nd, Section 8 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

Or 6 dynamic 3 drag, Section 1, Section 5, Section 9 is trailer, remaining is power car, wherein the 3rd, Section 7 is band bow vehicle, It is end to end driving vehicle.

10 compartment vehicles, 8, which move 2, drags, and power car is in centre, wherein the 3rd, Section 8 is band bow vehicle, it is end to end trailer and driving vehicle.

Or 7 dynamic 3 drag, Section 1, Section 5, Section 10 is trailer, remaining is power car, wherein the 3rd, Section 8 is band bow vehicle, It is end to end driving vehicle.

Certainly, there are many more kinds, inconvenience to enumerate for marshalling structure.

Research of door design is discussed below.Being not to say that the passenger of deep lane car must lean on the door of passageway vehicle to get on or off the bus can not If car door, this does not allow, because for the purpose of safety, just in case accident occurs on train, passenger does not flee from outlet, that Danger close, thus safety door be it is indispensable, due to the compartment that deep lane vehicle is long and narrow, the safety door of setting is at least with every side 3 are preferred.Escape is influenced to prevent from emergency circumstances just meeting power-off or power supply trouble, should be also equipped in the compartment Shen Xiang and provide energy storage for oneself Power supply, as battery or supercapacitor contain electric energy needed for opening all car doors enough.In addition, pacifying configured with emergency opening The PBU pushbutton unit of air cock and the manual opener of door leaf, and all manual openers should have and appropriate prevent passenger from missing The measure of operation.

Since the door in traditional compartment must match unlatching with the opening of screen door, and the car door of deep lane vehicle is usually It is to close, does not need to be also impossible to the unlatching when normally stopping, so the car door setting of deep lane vehicle and position need not be with tradition The door in compartment is identical, and design comparison is flexible, can also suitably expand the width of deep lane car door.

In addition, safety door can be made into turnover structure, landslide or step are formed once overturning and is walked for passenger Escape.

The scheme of the present invention for increasing deep lane vehicle is increasing subway freight volume, and alleviating the crowded aspect of train is that can receive very Good effect.But deep lane vehicle also brings along certain trouble, the reason is that passenger's discrepancy route is longer, will affect part passenger certainly The speed of upper Train, so in train design of the invention and operational process, it should make following arrangement:

1, since capacity increasing compartment is in subway tunnel, subway tunnel illumination originally is very weak, also indicates, multiplies without station name Visitor is easy to carelessness leakage and multiplies, or with to arrive at a station not yet, or does not know whether this station is station that their needs are got off, so It easily causes accidentally to multiply and miss the stop.Should increase thus in route tunnel inner wall and illuminate, and it is more more readily apparent than common station show station name, Even show that a next station to the station name at two stations, enables passenger to prepare as early as possible, from capacity increasing compartment, the especially compartment Shen Xiang It is transferred near the side door in passageway compartment, to get off, avoid not arriving side door in a short time because crowded in time.

It, should be by media and subway station publicity board, extensively to society and Metro Passenger a surname at the initial stage that new model is released The main points by bus for passing increase-volume train, should facilitate and oneself ride, civilization is also wanted to modestly decline, to be conducive to allow the current nothing of other passengers Resistance establishes and adapts to stand on the right just as taking a lift, actively concede the public civil bus ride rule as left-hand channel and practise It is used.

Initial stage is runed in the compartment Shen Xiang, one can be accredited in every section capacity increasing compartment, the especially compartment Shen Xiang with vehicle service Personnel carry out dredging commander, quote the station name that will be arrived at a station and it is next arrive at a station even under it is next to station name.Cultivate new habit by bus Used, solving may emerging contradiction.Until capacity increasing compartment has run a period of time, passenger has been familiar with after being accustomed to by bus It removes with vehicle attendant.

The passenger that the compartment Shen Xiang is especially in the second lane Jie Shen compartment requires to pass in and out by the side car door of passageway vehicle Platform so must have apparent entrance direction board in the compartment Shen Xiang, and prompts the passenger to be got off to enter passageway vehicle ahead of time Compartment.

2, initial stage is outputed in increase-volume train, or after outputing increase-volume train, though the station degree of crowding has improvement, the degree of crowding There are still in the case where, the administrative department of subway station should also carry out security service on platform and lead publicity, instruct passenger Civilization is got on or off the bus, and the old, weak, sick, disabled, pregnant and young etc. are belonged to the passenger for looking after range, guides them to common compartment without squeezing Upper capacity increasing compartment near the car door of passageway.

The best suitable population in the compartment Shen Xiang should be the race on and off duty of medium-long range, especially young man.

The broadcast in the compartment Shen Xiang should more, content of calling out the stops be more timely, specific, clear than other compartments.

3, it is flowed to facilitate passenger in the compartment Shen Xiang, centre gangway can be set up in the compartment Shen Xiang, is use up in centre gangway May not stand people, stand people less.Or the passenger prepared that will stop station and need to get off is only accommodated in centre gangway.

Centre gangway plan view in the compartment of the lane Tu9Wei Shen.In figure, connected between centre gangway railing (51) Vertical bar is fixed on compartment roof plate and ground board ends, has a cross bar, about 0.6~1.2 meter or so of vertical bar interval, it is necessary to stay between two vertical bars Out not cross bar notch (depending on whether emergency Safety vehicle door at depending on), convenient for the passenger to be got off from compartment two sides enter in Entreat channel.

Figure 10 is the compartment Shen Xiang internal channel railing plan view.In figure, gang way rail (51) is about in 1.2~1.4 meters or so height There is cross bar vertical bar adjacent with two to be connected at degree, the barrier as channel and side lane.Vehicle window (53) is separately arranged with car door (52) It is listed in the side wall in compartment, use when only being met an urgent need due to car door is not needed through normally open, so car door setting quantity is less than vehicle window Number, about may be designed as every 2~3 vehicle windows, then arrange a car door.Only interval sets cross between the adjacent vertical bar at vehicle window Bar connects, and should not set up low cross bar between two vertical bars at car door, see figure.

Setting up for centre gangway in the compartment Shen Xiang is to guarantee that passenger accelerates the important guarantee of flowing in the car, justs think and is squeezing In the crowd in full compartment, it is very that the side door that ten or twenty rice distance goes to passageway compartment quickly is crossed in compartment distal end in the lane Yao Congshen Difficult.There is centre gangway, crowd just has the position transferred to other use, and the passenger that needs can be allowed to get off concedes mobile space. Just because of there is centre gangway, so the passenger not got off temporarily, also displeased station is logical in the center for needing constantly to give way always Road position can consciously leave centre gangway and enter sidewall locations.

4, expand the width of rear opening, suitably with sharp passenger disengaging.

Since the compartment Shen Xiang itself does not have passenger's directly side door at station up and down, it is necessary to by the side door in passageway compartment, And passenger only just can enter passageway compartment by rear opening, it is possible to which the appropriate width for expanding rear opening, convenient passenger are logical Row, and to reinforce dredging publicity, it allows passenger not squeeze the blocking for avoiding rear opening in rear opening region as far as possible, influences to get on or off the bus The flowing of passenger.

Subtract in crowded train scheme from above-mentioned increment, each column compartment number increases by 1~4 section, and longest joint number is even to 10 Section.First technical problem brought by so is the problem of whether train energy supply can be more than the route traction power supply limit.Usually Ground is said, when line construction designs, it is generally considered that the long-run development of communications and transportation needs, has contemplated that supply there are appropriate in the design Electric surplus, but after train addendum, supply load is also increased with it, it is likely that power headroom is inadequate, if traction power supply is long Between heavy-duty service, it is easy to overload, hidden danger can also be generated to the safety of traction power supply net, not can guarantee normal operation even Needs.Certainly, transformation power supply system is also required to a not low investment, may influence the normal of train again in work progress Operation, this needs to be avoided as far as possible.Thus, realize increase-volume train another precondition in addition to increasing compartment itself be by The lower power consumption of increase-volume train is to original power level.

It is well known that the traction drive of subway train is divided into two major class, i.e. DC driven and friendship by the difference of driving motor Stream two major class of driving are safeguarded from convenience, the motor cost of speed regulation and Energy Angle consideration, alternating current generator have become the mainstream mould of driving Formula and popularized.Specifically, alternating current traction driving is exactly that the direct current of Traction networks is changed into frequency conversion by frequency converter Three-phase alternating current inputs threephase asynchronous machine, realizes the target of train speed regulation.

Increase-volume train of the present invention solve the problems, such as first measure of traction power supply high load capacity be exactly by train traction motor by AC induction motor is changed to permanent magnet synchronous ac motor.

For railcar usually based on EMU dispersion driving method, it is by traction drive power decentralized in each compartment In, without the form using locomotive centralized driving.By taking A type or Type B subway train as an example, 6 marshalings generally use 4 dynamic 2 and drag Drive mode, that is, have 4 section power compartments and the motorless trailer body of 2 sections.When light rail train is increased to 4 sections or 5 by 3 sections When section or subway train are increased to 7 sections, 8 sections or 10 section by 6 sections, if electric propulsion driving is still using original different Actuation techniques scheme is walked, meeting train still will be by the operation of original driving speed, then driving power probably will also increase about 20%~50% degree, this will be likely to original power supply system to cause overburden pressure.

For this purpose, first corrective measure of the invention is exactly to upgrade the motor-driven structure of original train by asynchronous machine For permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The first generation of world's rail traffic vehicles drive system is direct current generator drive system, and the second generation is to be started in 20 generation The ACasynchronous motor drive system recorded the seventies is current mainstream configuration.

For permanent magnet synchronous motor due to its high efficiency, High Power Factor is small in size, light-weight, high power density, detent torque Big and better dynamic property increasingly causes in track traffic traction systematic difference, it can be achieved that non-gear box directly drives Concern of the same trade both at home and abroad；With the development of permanent-magnet material and power electronic technique, magneto is in track traffic traction system The research of system and application are increasingly extensive.

In general, trailer system energy consumption accounts for about the 40% to 50% of Rail Transit System total energy consumption.According to former South China It is said that in Shenyang Metro measurement, permanent magnet synchronous traction system can be realized the number provided in terms of vehicle compared to asynchronous traction system Energy conservation 9.61%.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system and its peripheral equipment of Japanese Toshiba's exploitation, will be lower power consumption 30%, reduce operational noise levels, and the working efficiency that train will be improved.

With urbanization process it is continuous promote and urban road it is increasingly crowded, subway be known as again a kind of environmental protection, Efficiently, low noise and public transportation solution easy to maintain.The PMSM of Toshiba's exploitation is a kind of section for commuter train The drive system of energy noise reduction has been applied to the most busy subway network in the whole world --- on the train of Tokyo Metro, including thousand generations The lines such as field line, Marunouchi line and Ginza.

Magnetic field is strong in permanent magnet synchronous motor, and torque is big, high-efficient, therefore can suitably reduce reversing gear bracket wheel diameter, with Reduction gear box is omitted, the energy loss in gear-box is on the one hand eliminated, while also reducing train self weight and manufacturing cost.

In order to further energy-saving, reduction subway power supply, power supply capacity transports train after overcoming the shortcomings of train augmentation Capable influence, second corrective measure of the invention, is that the regenerating braking energy in subway train braking process is used.

For the influence for overcoming amplification of powering after train augmentation of the present invention, second corrective measure is exactly to use energy storage device, It absorbs the regenerating braking energy in subway train braking process and is used.

Regenerating braking energy is absorbed and utilized, it is necessary to increase energy storage device, energy storage device have sealed type lead acid battery, Lithium battery or supercapacitor.Wherein, the effect of supercapacitor is best.

Subway is compared to other vehicles, with speed is fast, station spacing is short, carrying capacity is big, starting braking is frequent Feature, therefore a large amount of braking energy can be generated.

Due to city line distance between sites are short, vehicle train operation density is high, vehicle frequently open/braking process in can generate A considerable number of braking energy, especially in recent years, the vehicle newly to come into operation constantly raise speed, and increase the kinetic energy of entire train Add, braking energy is more considerable.

According to statistics, under normal circumstances, in urban track traffic train power consumption 10% for illuminating, the auxiliary such as air-conditioning set Standby, residue 90% is used for traction power supply, and to account for 40% of haulage capacity or so even more for the energy that regenerative braking generates.With wide For No. 4 lines of state subway, the average electrical power being utilized that vehicle is generated when braking on straight track every time is 1596KW, It is fed back to Traction networks regenerative electric energy 2.26KWH.Braking regenerative electric energy only works as on line while having vehicle that Shi Caineng is accelerated to be answered With, otherwise the voltage of drawing electric network can be caused to be substantially improved, bring security risk to Traction networks power supply system, when serious even have It may cause regenerative braking failure.

The braking of urban track traffic is generally electric braking (i.e. regenerative braking, resistive braking) and air damping two-stage, When vehicle high-speed is run, regenerative braking is first used, resistive braking is then increased, when decelerating to electric braking and not working, used Air damping.In the process of running, since station spacing is shorter, frequently, braking energy is considerable for launch train, braking for train, It can be absorbed and utilized by power supply section Adjacent vehicles same on route and Ben Che auxiliary system, this just alleviates train increase-volume augmentation Pressure is energized caused by afterwards.

It mainly includes two-way DC converter and ultracapacitor energy storage that system, which is absorbed and utilized, in regenerating braking energy of the present invention System two parts are attempted by the direct current supply bus of subway train.When subway train braking, DC bus-bar voltage rises, Two-way DC converter charges to ultracapacitor arrays, and ultracapacitor arrays absorb braking energy, slows down Traction networks electricity The raising of pressure；When launch train, the energy of DC bus-bar voltage decline, ultracapacitor arrays storage is become by bidirectional, dc Parallel operation releases energy to Traction networks, slows down falling for supply conductor voltage.

Since the instantaneous charging and discharging currents of supercapacitor are especially big, so when supercapacitor is most suitable for metro braking The electric energy of generation is stored, by setting a certain startup threshold values of super capacitor two-way DC converter, such as 1700V, when out When existing contact net busbar voltage is increased beyond 1700V, super capacitor energy storage device starts automatically, and capacitor starts to charge, base area The iron matched super capacitor energy storage device of energy, can completely store the portion of energy, rather than white by braking resistor It is white to consume this portion of energy.

Figure 11 is main circuit schematic diagram in the present invention, and converter is also believed to the charge and discharge electric appliance of supercapacitor.In figure, open It closes after pipe T1 is in parallel with diode D1, switch transistor T 2 is in parallel with diode D2 and forms two-way inverse conductivity type electronic switch, the two bunchiness Connection connection, the both ends of tandem tap are connected to the end subway DC Traction Network DC, the midpoint of electronic switch through Hall current sensor I Supercapacitor C is connected to by inductance L.T1, T2 are insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), metal-oxide-semiconductor or other switching tubes.

The two-way DC/DC converter can be regarded as the combination of Buck converter and Boost.Energy is from left to right It is a Buck converter course of work, opposite direction is then a Boost boost process.Due to super capacitor energy regenerating system Energy is mutually flowed between power grid and capacitor in system, so must use two-way DC/DC converter therebetween.

Circuit design is the operating voltage of supercapacitor close to network voltage rating 1500V.When train regenerative braking When, braking energy returns to Traction networks from train, increase network pressure, the triggering T1 conducting of the voltage controller of converter, electric energy through L to C charging, is connected T1 and T2 in turn, adjusts the make-and-break time ratio of the two, i.e., adjustable charging current.

If Traction networks network pressure is lower than rated value, then super capacitor C is directly discharged to Traction networks by diode D1, in addition, At any time, it even if the voltage of capacitor C is lower than network pressure, can also be boosted by the on-off of electronic switch T2 by Boost Journey allows C to discharge to Traction networks.

Among subway super capacitor energy recycling system, the super capacitor group and subway power grid for storing energy must lean on one Interface arrangement links together, this device allows for the two-way flow of control energy, has high reliability, under malfunction Can quickly cut off energy supply, Hall current sensor I just plays the function of detection electric current, effect in addition to for charge and discharge it is electric The adjusting of stream is provided outside control signal, moreover it is possible to provide protection signal, the conducting of cut-out switch pipe to controller when electric current overflows Signal, effective protection converter and capacitor.

Converter of the present invention is selected the two-way DC/DC converter of which kind of topology actually and how to be carried out to it Control, because having exceeded the scope of protection of the invention, therefore is not explained, but this will be that train design or metro traction power system are set Important content in meter.

In addition, after installation subway super capacitor energy storage device, other than it can save electricity cost, additionally it is possible to stablize Traction networks Voltage.So generally speaking, the benefit that installation subway super capacitor energy storage device generates is quite big.For example, for super capacitor Accumulation energy type device, efficiency are more than or equal to 99%.In electric railway, the braking energy of train must pass through to Traction networks feedback DC/AC converter and transformer, thus it is inefficient, and during metro braking, since Traction networks and accumulator are straight Galvanic electricity, without electricity system conversion in transformation of electrical energy, also there is no the losses of the devices brings such as transformer, therefore according to Shenzhen Metro line Estimation, the energy value that practical energy storage device is saved daily is about 1782x99%=1764.18 degree, by 0.9 yuan of Shenzhen electricity charge/degree Meter converts into and saves the electricity charge daily as 1764.18x0.9=1587.762 member.

Supercapacitor except it is mountable ON TRAINS in addition to, can also be mounted in subway network, thus develop vehicle-mounted The different super capacitor energy-storage systems of formula and platform formula, these systems can utilize the Regenerated energy occurred in braking well, It works well in terms of improving Traction networks power supply quality, energy conservation, raising vehicle comfort.

The advantages of vehicular is that energy caused by train regenerative braking can be digested and assimilated on the spot, is supplied without by traction Power grid is transferred to other running trains in route, avoids the loss that the energy is propagated in network, can obtain highest energy effect Rate increases train burden, also brings some difficulties in mounting arrangements the disadvantage is that will increase the self weight of train.

The advantages of platform formula is that energy-storage system is mounted on platform, alleviates the weight of train and load, is conducive to train Lightweight.But train generated regenerative electric energy in braking must can just be transmitted to storage by the route of bow collector, Traction networks Energy system, entirely flowing in link also has certain electric energy loss.

In addition, the energy storage installed ON TRAINS is practical since vehicle-mounted energy-storage system is when DC traction power-supply system powers off On play the function of emergency service and train emergency safety can also be recalled garage even if Traction networks power loss.And it is supplied in drawing electric network When electric fault, the energy storage on capacitor can also be to train emergency service, for example, answering instead of what the compartment mentioned herein above opened the door Anxious battery etc. can omit.

By the above reducing energy consumption of train, it can substantially digest train addendum and expand the increased electricity of institute after passenger capacity It can consume, this improves the significant cost that will be effectively avoided the issuable subway civil construction of high-speed rail increase-volume.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of subway or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, characterized in that train increases a section or more piece capacity increasing compartment；It is described The part car body of capacity increasing compartment or whole car bodies are in except platform at train regular calling station；Portion is equipped in capacity increasing compartment Point itself side door is directly connected to platform or capacity increasing compartment does not set side door, passes through channel compartment via connected rear opening Side door is connect with platform；The route and platform of subway or light rail need not be made or only need to make micro reorganization and expansion.

2. subway according to claim 1 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, characterized in that train is at least than original fortune Ranks vehicle increases by a section energization compartment；There are three kinds of a side door compartment, more side door compartments and the compartment Shen Xiang in energization compartment；It there may also be Associated and matched passageway compartment.

3. subway according to claim 1 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, characterized in that train system singly drives vehicle Head；One of train configuration system having structure:

3.1, train tail end increases by one side door compartment of a section or more side door compartments；Platform makees the micro transformation extended；Vehicle is driven to stop Station location is constant.

3.2, train tail end increases a section or the several sections of compartments Shen Xiang, before the compartment first segment Shen Xiang, with section passageway compartment replacement The common compartment of one section；Platform is constant；It is constant to drive vehicle position of stopping.

3.3, train tail end increases the more side door compartments of a section, while driving vehicle and also changing into more side doors driving vehicles；Platform is constant；It drives Vehicle is sailed to stop forward half of the compartment in position position.

3.4, it is the compartment Shen Xiang that train head, which drives compartment, is further added by the lane a Jie Shen compartment thereafter, and tail portion increases the lane Liang Jieshen vehicle The M+4 scheme that compartment, the compartment Shen Xiang and common compartment lean on passageway compartment to connect, M are original compartment number；Platform is constant；Vehicle is driven to stop The forward 2 compartments position of station location.

3.5, train increases the more side door compartments of a section behind driving compartment, and driving compartment becomes the compartment Shen Xiang, and end also adds one Save more side door compartments, 2 section compartment of train addendum；Platform is constant；It drives vehicle and stops position by previous half compartment position.

4. subway according to claim 1 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, characterized in that the double driving vehicles of train system Head；Platform is constant；One of train configuration system having structure:

4.1, driving vehicle end to end changes into more side door compartments, and increases by 1 compartment of increase-volume in the common compartment of a section among train Scheme；Vehicle is driven to stop forward half of the compartment in position position.

4.2, driving vehicle end to end changes into the compartment Shen Xiang, is changed to passageway compartment with the common compartment of 2 sections that compartment is connected is driven, Retain other common compartments, 2 compartment scheme of increase-volume；Vehicle is driven to stop the forward 1 compartment position in position.

4.3, driving vehicle end to end changes into the compartment Shen Xiang, is changed to passageway compartment with the common compartment of 2 sections that compartment is connected is driven, Retain other common compartments, 3 compartment scheme of increase-volume；It drives vehicle and stops position by previous half compartment position.

4.4,2 driving compartments are changed to the compartment Shen Xiang, then the common compartment of 2 sections being connected with driving compartment is also changed to deep lane vehicle Compartment, in addition 2 section passageway compartments, retain the common compartment in original part, 4 compartment scheme of train addendum；Vehicle is driven to stop position forward 2 A compartment position.

5. according to claim 1, claim 3 or subway as claimed in claim 4 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, special Sign is, is equipped with safety door in the compartment Shen Xiang, safety door at least with every side 3 be preferred；Equipped with the redundant electrical power powered for safety door； Manual opener equipped with safety door.

6. according to claim 1, claim 3 or subway as claimed in claim 4 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, special Sign is that Shen Xiang sets up centre gangway in compartment；There is railing between centre gangway and railroad car lateral wall.

7. according to claim 1, claim 3 or subway as claimed in claim 4 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, special Sign is that the driving motor of train is permanent magnet synchronous motor.

8. according to claim 1, claim 3 or subway as claimed in claim 4 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, special Sign is supercapacitor to be equipped in train, to absorb the regenerating braking energy in subway train braking process and be subject to benefit With.

9. subway according to claim 8 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, characterized in that supercapacitor passes through double It is connect to DC/DC converter with DC Traction Network.

10. according to claim 1, claim 6 or subway as claimed in claim 7 or light rail increase-volume train equipment series, Be characterized in, train have driving motor be permanent magnet synchronous motor and absorb subway train braking process in regenerating braking energy simultaneously The dual energy conservation configuration being used.