CN109843623A - 用于机动车的动力总成系统以及操作动力总成系统的方法 - Google Patents

用于机动车的动力总成系统以及操作动力总成系统的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109843623A
CN109843623A CN201780048946.7A CN201780048946A CN109843623A CN 109843623 A CN109843623 A CN 109843623A CN 201780048946 A CN201780048946 A CN 201780048946A CN 109843623 A CN109843623 A CN 109843623A
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China
Prior art keywords
shaft
transmission
clutch
motor
assembly system
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Pending
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CN201780048946.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
I·舒尔茨
M·哈普
S·齐格
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Schaeffler Engineering GmbH
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Schaeffler Engineering GmbH
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Publication of CN109843623A publication Critical patent/CN109843623A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
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    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0931Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts each countershaft having an output gear meshing with a single common gear on the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力总成系统,其具有内燃机(2)、自动变速器(3)、电机(4)、用于选择性地实现在电机(4)和内燃机(2)之间的力传递的可切换的分离离合器(5)以及差速器(20),其中,内燃机(2)具有从动轴(2.1),从动轴以没有分离离合器的方式与自动变速器(3)的第一变速器输入轴(10)联接,其中,自动变速器(3)具有与差速器(20)的差速驱动轮(19)有效连接的第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12),其中,分离离合器(5)布置成相对于与分离离合器(5)相连接的离合器轴(15)同轴,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴(10)间隔开,其中,离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12)间隔开。

Description

用于机动车的动力总成系统以及操作动力总成系统的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力总成系统,其具有内燃机、自动变速器、电机、用于选择性地实现在电机和内燃机之间的力传递的可切换的分离离合器以及差速器,其中,内燃机具有从动轴,从动轴以没有分离离合器的方式与变速器的第一变速器输入轴联接,其中,自动变速器具有与差速器的差速驱动轮有效连接的第一变速器输入轴和第二变速器输出轴。
此外,本发明涉及一种用于使这种类型的动力总成系统运行的方法。
背景技术
这种动力总成系统也被称为混合动力总成系统,并且可使用在机动车、例如乘用车中。
从文献DE 10 2014 222 587 A1中已知一种动力总成系统,除了内燃机和电机,动力总成系统具有自动变速器。内燃机包括从动轴,从动轴通过双质量飞轮与变速器输入轴联接。未设置用于使从动轴和变速器输入轴分离的分离离合器。未设置用于分离从动轴和变速器输入轴的分离离合器。就此而言,这两个轴以没有分离离合器的方式相互联接。在该动力总成系统中,电机布置成相对于内燃机同轴。为了选择性地实现在电机和内燃机之间的力传递,此外动力总成系统具有分离离合器,分离离合器与第一变速器输入轴相连接并且布置成与其同轴。
在该动力总成系统中,证实为不利的是,在内燃机的从动轴的轴向方向上需要相对大的结构空间。特别是在这样的情况中是不利的,即,应在横向于机动车的车辆纵轴线的方向上安装内燃机的从动轴。
从文献DE 10 2012 016 990 A1中已知需要在轴向方向相对大的结构空间的另一动力总成系统。该动力总成系统包括内燃机,内燃机的从动轴以没有分离离合器的方式与自动变速器的变速器输入轴相连接。电机布置成与内燃机的从动轴同轴。自动变速器具有两个与差速器的差速驱动轮有效连接的变速器输出轴。为了选择性地使电机与内燃机联接,可切换的分离离合器设置成与第一变速器输入轴同轴。
此外,文献DE 10 2013 215 114 A1描述了一种具有内燃机、电机和自动变速器的动力总成系统,在其中,内燃机通过分离离合器与自动变速器的变速器输入轴联接。文献DE10 2013 215 114 A1描述,可省去在内燃机的从动轴和变速器输入轴之间的分离离合器。为了起动,内燃机的从动轴和电机的电机轴可通过自动变速器的可切换的离合器相连接,离合器布置成与变速器的变速器输出轴同轴并且与行星齿轮传动机构相连接。然而由此,造成在变速器输出轴的轴向方向相对大的结构空间需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,实现动力总成系统的紧凑的结构形式。
在上文所述类型的动力总成系统中通过以下方式实现上述目的,即,分离离合器布置成相对于与分离离合器相连接的离合器轴同轴,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴间隔开,其中,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴间隔开。
在根据本发明的动力总成系统中,内燃机与自动变速器联接,而未设置用于使内燃机与自动变速器分离的分离离合器。内燃机的从动轴持续地与自动变速器的输入轴有效连接。为了选择性地分离和连接电机和内燃机,动力总成系统具有分离离合器,分离离合器与离合器轴相连接,离合器轴布置成平行地与变速器输入轴间隔开。此外,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴间隔开。通过该措施,可减小在内燃机的从动轴的轴向方向上动力总成系统所需的结构空间,从而实现了动力总成系统的紧凑结构。
相对于自动变速器独立地构造的可切换的离合器被视为在本发明构思中的可切换的分离离合器。特别是,与可切换的分离离合器相连接的离合器轴构造成相对于自动变速器独立。特别优选地,离合器轴构造成平行地与自动变速器的所有变速器输入轴和变速器输出轴间隔开。
优选地,可切换的分离离合器构造成传力的、特别是摩擦配合的、可切换的分离离合器。可切换的分离离合器可具有两个或多个摩擦面,为了传递扭矩,使这些摩擦面彼此贴靠。特别优选地,可切换的分离离合器构造成具有多个平行相接的摩擦面的膜片式离合器。
优选地,动力总成系统具有一个分离离合器,从而可节省用于附加的分离离合器和操纵装置的结构空间和成本。
自动变速器可具有两个部分变速器,其中,第一部分变速器被分配给内燃机并且具有第一变速器输入轴,并且其中,第二部分变速器被分配给电机并且具有第二变速器输入轴。优选地,分离离合器布置成,可选择性地建立或断开在第一变速器输入轴和第二变速器输入轴之间的特别是双向的有效连接。
根据本发明,自动变速器具有与差速器的差速驱动轮有效连接的第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴。第一和第二变速器输出轴可具有可切换的齿轮组,通过该齿轮组可实现自动变速器的多个变速器档位。例如,第一变速器输出轴可具有至少两个用于第一和第二档的齿轮组,并且第二变速器输出轴可具有至少两个用于第三和第四档的齿轮组。齿轮组可分别具有固定可旋转地与相应的变速器输出轴相连接的固定轮和两个活动轮,活动轮可选择性地与固定轮联接,以选择变速器档位。优选地,活动轮与变速器输入轴的固定轮啮合。通过差速驱动轮,可给出第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴的输出功率。优选地,第一变速器输出轴具有与差速驱动轮啮合的第一固定轮,并且第二变速器输出轴具有同样与差速驱动轮啮合的第二固定轮。优选地,固定轮构造成齿轮。
就此而言有利的是,为了建立与第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴的有效连接,差速器的差速驱动轮与两个齿轮啮合。由此,相对于从文献DE 10 2014 222 587 A1中已知的动力总成系统,可在该结构中实现更高的灵活性。齿轮或者可布置在两个变速器输出轴的第一侧上或者可布置在变速器输出轴的与第一侧相对的第二侧上,从而差速器在动力总成系统中或者可布置在变速器输出轴的第一侧上或者第二侧上。
根据一种有利的设计方案规定,自动变速器具有第二变速器输入轴,变速器输入轴以没有离合器的方式与电机的电机轴联接,其中,自动变速器具有可切换的齿轮级,第二变速器输入轴可通过该齿轮级与第一变速器输出轴或第二变速器输出轴联接。通过可切换的齿轮级,可选择性地实现在电机和相应的变速器输出轴或差速器之间的力传递。由此实现,驱动轮在加速过程期间通过电机驱动,或者在制动过程期间回馈能量。为了将电机连结到差速器上,不需要附加的变速器输出轴,其具有附加的接合到差速驱动轮中的固定轮,例如在从文献DE 10 2014 222 587 A1中已知的动力总成系统中设置该固定轮。优选地,差速驱动轮仅仅与第一变速器输出轴的第一固定轮和第二变速器输出轴的第二固定轮啮合,从而其它齿轮不与差速器的驱动轮啮合。由此,特别是在全负荷时可减少齿磨损,并且可提高驱动轮的使用寿命。也不需要补偿通过结构措施、例如增大齿轮宽度(这带来轴向结构空间的增大)或减小轴距离引起的更大的齿磨损。
优选地,离合器轴布置成平行地与自动变速器的第二变速器输入轴间隔开。特别优选地,第一变速器输入轴、第二变速器输入轴、第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴分别布置成平行地彼此间隔开。
就此而言,证实为有利的是,第二变速器输入轴通过行星齿轮传动机构与电机的电机轴联接,从而电机可在对于电机来说有利的转速范围中运行,该转速范围与第二变速器输入轴的转速范围不同。替代地,第二变速器输入轴可固定可旋转地与电机的电机轴相连接,从而第二变速器输入轴以与电机轴相同的转速运行。
根据一种备选的有利的设计方案规定,自动变速器具有齿轮级,离合器轴通过该齿轮级与第一变速器输出轴或第二变速器输出轴联接。通过该齿轮级,实现在离合器轴和相应的变速器输出轴或差速器之间的力传递,从而驱动轮在加速过程期间驱动轮可通过电机驱动,或者在制动过程期间可回馈能量。通过与离合器轴相连接的分离离合器,电机可选择性地与离合器轴并且由此也与相应的变速器输出轴相连接。为了将电机连结到差速器上,不需要附加的变速器输出轴,其具有附加的接合到差速驱动轮中的固定轮,例如在从文献DE 10 2014 222 587 A1中已知的动力总成系统中设置该固定轮。优选地,差速驱动轮仅仅与第一变速器输出轴的第一固定轮和第二变速器输出轴的第二固定轮啮合,从而其它齿轮不与差速器的驱动轮啮合。由此,可提高驱动轮的使用寿命。
根据本发明的一种有利的设计方案规定,内燃机的从动轴通过减振器与变速器输入轴联接。通过减振器,可将例如通过内燃机产生的旋转振动以减弱的方式传递到自动变速器上。优选地,减振器构造成双质量飞轮。双质量飞轮可具有第一飞轮质量和第二飞轮质量,这两个飞轮质量通过弹簧减振单元联接。
本发明的一种有利的设计方案规定,离合器轴布置成与电机的电机轴同轴。在电机的电动运行中,机械轴形成电机的从动轴。如果电机作为发电机运行,则电机轴形成电机的驱动轴。离合器轴例如可通过变速器级与电机轴联接。
一种备选的有利的设计方案规定,离合器轴布置成平行地与电机的电机轴间隔开,由此,可进一步减小动力总成系统在轴向方向上的尺寸。
优选地,离合器轴通过行星齿轮传动机构与电机联接。通过行星齿轮传动机构可实现转速匹配,从而可使电机在对于电机来说有利的转速范围中运行,该转速范围与离合器轴的转速范围不同。此外,行星齿轮传动机构实现了行星齿轮传动机构的驱动部和从动部的同轴的布置方案。特别优选地,行星齿轮传动机构构造成,使得电机的、特别是电机的电机轴的较高转速转换成离合器轴的较低的转速。
根据一种有利的设计方案,第一变速器输入轴特别是通过齿轮级与分离离合器联接,从而实现了在内燃机侧的第一变速器轴和与第一变速器轴间隔开的分离离合器之间的力传递。通过分离离合器可选择性地使第一变速器轴与电机、特别是电机的电机轴分离或与其相连接。优选地,齿轮级具有布置在第一变速器输入轴上的第一齿轮和与分离离合器相连接的第二齿轮,第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合。第一齿轮可构造成第一变速器输入轴的固定轮;第二齿轮可构造成离合器轴的活动轮。附加地,可通过离合器轴实现第一变速器输入轴与分离离合器的联接。在这种情况中,齿轮级的第二齿轮可构造成离合器轴的固定轮。
为了实现上文所述的目的,此外提出一种用于操作机动车的动力总成系统的方法,动力总成系统具有内燃机和自动变速器,其中,内燃机具有从动轴,从动轴以没有分离离合器的方式与自动变速器的第一变速器输入轴联接,其中,自动变速器具有与差速器的差速驱动轮有效连接的第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴,并且,动力总成系统具有电机,其中,操纵可切换的分离离合器用于选择性地实现在电机和内燃机之间的力传递,所述分离离合器布置成与离合器轴同轴,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴间隔开,其中,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴和第二变速器输出轴间隔开。
在该方法中可以实现与已经结合根据本发明的动力总成系统阐述的相同的优点。
优选地,自动变速器具有两个部分变速器,其中,第一部分变速器分配给内燃机并且具有第一变速器输入轴,其中,第二部分变速器被分配给电机并且具有第二变速器输入轴,并且其中,通过操纵分离离合器选择性地建立或断开在第一变速器输入轴和第二变速器输入轴之间特别是双向的有效连接。
根据一种有利的设计方案,两个部分变速器具有可切换的变速器档位,可选择性地将这些变速器档位切换成主动或非主动。在切换成主动的变速器档位中,可将扭矩传递到与该变速器档位相关联的变速器输出轴上。如果两个部分变速器中的一个的变速器档位都没有切换成主动,则不传递扭矩。优选地,通过中断部分变速器的牵引力进行这些变速器档位的切换,由此,相应的另一部分变速器在切换阶段中维持驱动牵引力,以实现无牵引力中断的驾驶感受。优选地,通过同步单元进行变速器档位的切换,在同步单元中,通过摩擦锥消除转速差。替代地,可通过爪式离合器进行切换,其中,借助于内燃机或电机进行转速匹配。通过使用纯粹的爪式离合器,进一步减小了所需的轴向结构空间。
根据一种有利的设计方案,断开分离离合器,其中,在第一部分变速器和第二部分变速器中分别将一个变速器档位切换成主动。由此,可调整如下运行状态,即,在该状态中内燃机和电机两者都通过自动变速器与差速器有效连接。在断开分离离合器时,内燃机和电机可将扭矩传递到差速器上。替代地,电机可作为发电机运行。这发生在如此调整内燃机的驱动力矩时,即,达到由车辆的驾驶员预设的加速度,并且和与内燃机的力矩特性曲线相关的过量力矩一起将发电机力矩输送到电机中。此外,在车辆的制动过程中,电机的发电机力矩可辅助制动过程。在断开分离离合器时,此外实现,将电机置于所谓的加速运行中,其中,可暂时提高驱动力矩。此时,电池的荷电状态和电机的加热确定加速运行的频率和强度。
以下应描述可选择性地进行的不同的起动策略。
根据方法的一种优选的设计方案(纯电动起动),将电机的驱动力矩通过分配给电机的第二的部分变速器的切换成主动的变速器档位施加到变速器输出轴上。在此,电机实现在静止的驱动轴中产生驱动力矩,由此不需要起动离合器。
根据方法的一种备选的优选的设计方案(纯内燃机起动),将分配给内燃机第一部分变速器的所有变速器档位切换成非主动的,并且将电机的部分变速器的一个变速器档位切换成主动的,其中,通过特别是以调节的方式闭合分离离合器,内燃机的功率通过分离离合器传递到分配给电机的第二部分变速器输入轴上,并且通过第二部分变速器的切换成主动的变速器档位传递给差速器。在此,任选地,同时可无功率地牵引电机,作为发电机为电池充电或者辅助起动过程。
根据方法的一种有利的设计方案,为了起动内燃机,闭合分离离合器,其中,在第一部分变速器和第二部分变速器中分别将所有变速器档位切换成非主动的,由此,可通过电机进行内燃机的冷起动。实现从电机的机械轴通过闭合的分离离合器到联接内燃机的第一变速器输入轴的功率流。在达到点火转速时可起动发动机。
根据方法的另一有利的设计方案(在纯电动运行中),分配给内燃机的第一部分变速器的变速器档位都不切换成主动的,并且内燃机停止。为了在此阶段中起动内燃机,可闭合分离离合器,以将处于驱动力矩下的分配给电机的第二变速器输入轴通过分离离合器滑动与静止的第一变速器输入轴相连接,直至达到点火转速。
结合动力总成系统描述的有利的特征和设计方案也可同样替代地或组合地应用在方法中。
附图说明
以下根据在附图中示出的实施例解释其它优点和细节。其中
图1以示意图示出了根据本发明的第一实施例的用于机动车的动力总成系统;
图2以示意性的截面图示出了根据图1的动力总成系统;
图3以方框图示出了根据图1的动力总成系统;
图4以示意图示出了根据本发明的第二实施例的用于机动车的动力总成系统;
图5以示意性的截面图示出了根据图4的动力总成系统;
图6以示意图示出了根据本发明的第三实施例的用于机动车的动力总成系统;
图7以示意性的截面图示出了根据图6的动力总成系统;以及
图8以示意图示出了根据本发明的第四实施例的用于机动车的动力总成系统。
具体实施方式
在不同的图中,相同的部件始终设有相同的附图标记并且因此通常也分别仅仅提及并阐述一次。
在图1中,示出了动力总成系统1的第一实施例,动力总成系统可使用在混合动力机动车中。动力总成系统1具有内燃机2、变速器3、电机4以及分离离合器5。如下文进一步描述,在分离离合器5闭合的状态中,可实现在电机4和内燃机2之间的力传递。在分离离合器5断开的状态中,电机4和内燃机2彼此断开联接。
内燃机2具有从动轴2.1,从动轴以没有分离离合器的方式与变速器3的第一变速器输入轴10相连接。这意味着,从动轴2.1和第一变速器输入轴10持续有效连接,并且不能实现选择性地断开该连接。在从动轴2.1和第一变速器输入轴10之间布置有构造成双质量飞轮的减振器6。从动轴2.1和第一变速器输入轴10布置成彼此同轴。在机动车中,从动轴2.1和第一变速器输入轴10优选地安装在垂直于车辆纵向L的横向上。减振器设置成与从动轴2.1和第一变速器输入轴10同轴。
第一变速器输入轴10固定可旋转地与固定轮10.1相连接,固定轮与离合器轴15的活动轮15.2啮合。固定轮10.1构造成齿轮。活动轮15.2与分离离合器5相连接。活动轮15.2可通过分离离合器5选择性地与离合器轴15联接,离合器轴布置成与分离离合器5同轴。离合器轴15通过行星齿轮传动机构17与电机4的电机轴14相连接。离合器轴15和电机轴14布置成平行地彼此间隔开。根据本发明,分离离合器5布置成与离合器轴15同轴,离合器轴布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴10间隔开。由此,减小了在机动车的横向上所需的结构空间。此外,电机4布置成不与内燃机2同轴,从而可与内燃机2的大小无关地确定电机4的直径。因此,也可以实现根据应用情况(弱混合动力,轻度混合动力,全混合动力)选择电机4,而不需要改变变速器。
除了第一变速器输入轴10,变速器3具有第一变速器输出轴11、第二变速器输出轴12和第二变速器输入轴13,这些轴分别布置成平行地彼此间隔开,如图2所示。在第一变速器输入轴10上,另外三个固定轮10.2、10.3、10.4固定可旋转地布置,第一变速器输入轴10可通过这三个固定轮与第一变速器输出轴11和/或第二变速器输出轴12联接。
第一变速器输入轴10的第二固定轮10.2与第一变速器输出轴11的第一活动轮11.2接合。以下被称为第四固定轮10.4的另一固定轮10.4与第一变速器输出轴11的第二活动轮11.4啮合。为了激活变速器3的第一变速器档位,第二活动轮11.4可与固定可旋转地与第一变速器输出轴11相连接的固定轮11.3联接。替代地,固定轮11.3可与第一变速器输出轴11的第一活动轮11.2联接,从而激活变速器3的第二变速器档位。第一变速器输出轴11的另一固定轮11.1与差速器20的驱动轮19啮合。
此外,第一变速器输入轴10的第二固定轮10.2与第二变速器输出轴12的第一活动轮12.3啮合。变速器输入轴的第三固定轮10.3与第二变速器输出轴12的活动轮12.5啮合。为了激活第三变速器档位,第二变速器输出轴12的第一活动轮12.3与第二变速器输出轴12的固定轮12.4相连接。为了激活第四变速器档位,第二变速器输出轴12的第二活动轮12.5与固定轮12.4相连接。第二变速器输出轴12的另一固定轮12.1与差速器20的驱动轮19啮合。
与差速器20的驱动轮19啮合的变速器输出轴11、12的两个固定轮11.1、12.1布置在变速器输出轴11、12的远离内燃机2的侧上。
在第二变速器输出轴12上,另一固定轮12.2固定可旋转地布置,固定轮与第二变速器输出轴13的活动轮13.1啮合。附加地,在第二变速器输出轴12上还设置另一固定轮12.6,固定轮12.6与第二变速器输入轴13的第二活动轮13.3啮合。通过第二变速器输入轴13的活动轮13.1、13.2可提供另外两个变速器档位,其例如可用于联接电机4。第二变速器输入轴13通过行星齿轮传动机构17与电机4的布置成与第二变速器输入轴13同轴的电机轴14联接。
电机轴14与行星齿轮传动机构17的太阳轮固定可旋转地相连接。第二变速器输入轴13与行星齿轮传动机构的空心轮固定可旋转地相连接。行星齿轮传动机构17的具有行星轮的行星架相对于行星齿轮传动机构17的壳体固定。如果行星齿轮传动机构17以双轴运行工作,在双轴运行中,仅仅太阳轮和空心轮可旋转。行星齿轮传动机构17的空心轮与离合器轴15的固定轮15.1接合。这意味着,离合器轴15通过固定轮15.1并且当然也通过行星齿轮传动机构17的空心轮与第二变速器输入轴13联接。
由此,变速器4具有四个可选择性地激活的用于使内燃机2与差速器20联接的变速器档位以及两个可选择性地激活的用于使电机4与差速器20联接的变速器档位。
根据图3的方框图简化地示出了在动力总成系统1中的力传递的不同可能性。该力传递从内燃机2开始通过第一和第二变速器档位的第一档位组40通过第一变速器输出轴11到达差速器20并且随后到达驱动轮60。通过第三和第四变速器档位的档位组50,实现从内燃机2通过第二变速器输出轴12到达差速器20的力传递。通过第二变速器输入轴13和第二变速器输出轴12实现在电机4和差速器20之间的力传递。由此,总共仅仅需要在差速器的驱动轮19中的两个啮合点,由此简化了传动轴的轴承结构。
以下详细阐述用于使动力总成系统1运行的方法,其中,操纵可切换的分离离合器5用于选择性地实现在电机4和内燃机2之间的力传递,分离离合器5布置成与离合器轴15同轴,离合器轴15布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴10间隔开。
可借助于电机4进行内燃机2的起动。为了起动内燃机2,不需要独立的起动机。在冷起动时,也就是说其中不仅内燃机2而且电机4非主动的运行情况中,首先闭合分离离合器5,以通过行星齿轮传动机构17、离合器轴15、分离离合器5、活动轮15.1和固定轮10.1以及变速器输入轴10在电机4和内燃机2之间建立有效连接。随后,使电机4作为电动机运行并且牵引内燃机2。使内燃机2的转速提高到预设的怠速转速,并且给内燃机2点火脉冲。当动力总成系统处于纯电动行驶模式中(在其中差速器20仅仅通过电机4驱动)时,也实现内燃机2的起动。在这种情况中,使电机4进入加速状态中,在加速状态中,电机作为电动机运行并且输出功率,该功率大于驱动所需的功率。过量的功率可分一部分用于牵引内燃机2。为此,闭合分离离合器5,从而在电机4和内燃机2之间产生力传递。
当机动车静止时,电机4可用于为与电机4相连接的蓄能器,特别是电池充电。为此,将变速器的所有变速器档位切换成非主动的。闭合分离离合器5,从而力传递可从内燃机2流向作为发电机运行的电机4。
第二变速器输入轴13的如下档位可以任选地用于借助于内燃机2起动,即,这些档位设计成用于利用电机4的行驶运行并且具有比第一变速器输出轴11的第一档位的传动比更小的传动比。为此,接入第二变速器输入轴13的两个档位中的一个。使分离离合器5闭合并且由此用作起动离合器,起动离合器通过离合器轴5和第二变速器输入轴13使内燃机2与第二变速器输出轴12相连接。任选地,可通过电机4辅助起动。
在分离离合器5断开的运行状态中,由内燃机2和电机4提供的功率可组合。通过第一变速器输出轴11和第二变速器输出轴12的活动轮实现的内燃机2的四个变速器档位和通过传动轴13的活动轮实现的电机4的两个变速器档位可任意选择。在改变在变速器输出轴11、12上的变速器档位时,调节内燃机2的转速并且通过电机4补偿产生的功率缺口。在改变在第二变速器输入轴13上的变速器档位时,调节电机4的转速并且通过内燃机2补偿产生的功率缺口。根据需要,可通过电机4作为发电机运行回收制动能。
在图4和图5中示出了根据本发明的动力总成系统1的第二实施例。在该实施例中,分离离合器5也同轴地布置在离合器轴15上,离合器轴布置成平行于第一变速器输入轴10与其间隔开。与第一实施例不同,在根据第二实施例的动力总成系统1中,与分离离合器5相连接的离合器轴5布置成与机械轴14同轴。离合器轴15载有固定轮15.2。离合器轴15与行星齿轮传动机构17相连接,其设计成可切换的行星齿轮传动机构。可切换的行星齿轮传动机构17具有两个可选择的传动比,从而通过可切换的行星齿轮传动机构提供两个变速器档位,电机4可通过这两个变速器档位联接到差速器20上。在第二实施例中,电机轴14固定地与第二变速器输入轴13相连接,变速器输入轴与可切换的行星齿轮传动机构17联接。离合器轴15通过与第二输出轴12的固定轮12.6啮合的固定轮15.3与第二输出轴12联接。
在可切换的行星齿轮传动机构17的第一切换置中,电机轴14与行星齿轮传动机构17的太阳轮相连接。行星齿轮传动机构17的空心轮相对于壳体固定。在这种情况中,行星齿轮传动机构17的行星齿轮组用作到离合器轴15的传动部,离合器轴与行星齿轮传动机构17的行星架相连接。就此,可实现第一变速器档位。
在可切换的行星齿轮传动机构17的第二切换位置中,电机轴14与行星齿轮传动机构17的行星架相连接。在此,实现从电机轴14到离合器轴15上的直接档传动。就此,可实现第二变速器档位。
此外,可切换的行星齿轮传动机构可占据第三、中心的切换位置,在该切换位置中,电机轴14既不与行星齿轮传动机构17的行星齿轮组也不与其太阳轮相连接。在图4中示出了该切换位置。就此而言,可实现无载运转或空挡。可调整该位置,以实现利用动力总成系统1的仅仅内燃机的起动,在其中,切断停止电机4,也就是说停止电机4。
图6和图7示出了根据本发明的动力总成系统1的第三实施例。在第三实施例中,分离离合器5同轴地布置在离合器轴15上,离合器轴布置成平行于第一变速器输入轴10与其间隔开。离合器轴15也设置成平行地与电机轴14间隔开。与第一实施例不同,在根据第三实施例的动力总成系统1中,不存在行星齿轮传动机构。电机14固定可旋转地与第二变速器输入轴13相连接。第二变速器输入轴13通过两个可选择的变速器档位与第二变速器输出轴12联接。此外,第二变速器输入轴13具有第一固定轮13.0,固定轮13.0与离合器轴15的固定轮15.1啮合。离合器轴15与分离离合器5相连接。分离离合器5选择性地将离合器轴15与活动轮15.2分离或相连接,活动轮与第一变速器输入轴10的第一固定轮10.1啮合。
图8示出了根据本发明的动力总成系统1的第四实施例。与第一实施例不同,在根据第四实施例的动力总成系统1中,与差速器20的驱动轮19啮合的变速器输出轴11、12的固定轮11.1、12.1布置在面对内燃机2的变速器输出轴11、12的一侧上。由于动力总成系统1具有两个到差速器20的驱动轮19中的啮合点,在设计变速器时存在一定的灵活性。由此,根据具体的应用要求,差速器20布置成或者(如在图8中示出的那样)更接近在内燃机2或者(如在图1中示出的那样)更远离内燃机2。
用于机动车的上述动力总成系统1分别具有内燃机2、自动变速器3、电机4和用于选择性地实现在电机4和内燃机2之间的力传递的可切换的分离离合器5。自动变速器3具有与差速器20的差速驱动轮19有效连接的第一变速器输出轴11以及第二变速器输出轴12。内燃机2具有从动轴2.1,从动轴与变速器3的第一变速器输入轴10以没有分离离合器的方式联接,其中,分离离合器5布置成和与分离离合器5相连接的离合器轴15同轴,离合器轴15布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴10间隔开。此外,离合器轴15布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12)间隔开。通过该结构,可减小动力总成系统1的轴向长度。此外实现,在宽的范围中设计电机4,而不必匹配自动变速器3的布局。电机4不必布置成与内燃机2的同轴,从而可与内燃机2的尺寸无关地选择电机4的尺寸、特别是直径。
附图标记列表
1 动力总成系统
2 内燃机
3 自动变速器
4 电机
5 分离离合器
6 减振器
10 变速器输入轴
10.1、10.2、10.3、10.4 固定轮
11 变速器输出轴
11.1、11.3 固定轮
11.2、11.4 活动轮
12 变速器输出轴
12.1、12.2、12.4、12.6 固定轮
12.3、12.5 活动轮
13 变速器输入轴
13.1、13.3 活动轮
13.2 固定轮
14 电机轴
14.1、14.3 固定轮
14.2、14.4 活动轮
15 离合器轴
15.1、15.3 固定轮
15.2 活动轮
17 行星齿轮传动机构
19 驱动轮
20 差速器
40 档位组
50 档位组
60 驱动轮
L 车辆纵轴线。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于机动车的动力总成系统,其具有内燃机(2)、自动变速器(3)、电机(4)、用于选择性地实现在所述电机(4)和所述内燃机(2)之间的力传递的可切换的分离离合器(5)以及差速器(20),其中,所述内燃机(2)具有从动轴(2.1),所述从动轴(2.1)以没有分离离合器的方式与自动变速器(3)的第一变速器输入轴(10)联接,其中,所述自动变速器(3)具有与差速器(20)的差速驱动轮(19)有效连接的第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12),
其特征在于,
所述分离离合器(5)布置成相对于与所述分离离合器(5)相连接的离合器轴(15)同轴,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与第一变速器输入轴(10)间隔开,其中,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12)间隔开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述可切换的分离离合器(5)构造成传力的、特别是摩擦配合的、可切换的分离离合器。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述差速器(20)的差速驱动轮(19)与两个齿轮(11.1、12.1)啮合,用于建立与所述第一变速器输出轴(11)和所述第二变速器输出轴(12)的有效连接。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,自动变速器(3)具有第二变速器输入轴(3),所述第二变速器输入轴(3)以没有离合器的方式与所述电机(4)的电机轴(14)联接,其中,所述自动变速器(3)具有可切换的齿轮级(12.2、12.6、13.1、13.2、13.3),所述第二变速器输入轴(13)能够通过所述齿轮级(12.2、12.6、13.1、13.2、13.3)与所述第一变速器输出轴(11)或所述第二变速器输出轴(12)联接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与所述第二变速器输入轴(13)间隔开。
6.根据权利要求4或5中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述第一变速器输入轴(10)、所述第二变速器输入轴(13)、所述第一变速器输出轴(11)和所述第二变速器输出轴(12)分别布置成平行地彼此间隔开。
7.根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述第二变速器输入轴(13)通过行星齿轮传动机构(17)与电机(4)的电机轴(14)联接,或者所述第二变速器输入轴(13)与电机(4)的电机轴(14)固定可旋转地相连接。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述自动变速器(3)具有齿轮级(12.6、15.3),所述离合器轴(15)通过所述齿轮级(12.6、15.3)与所述第一变速器输出轴(11)或所述第二变速器输出轴(12)联接。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述离合器轴(15)布置成与所述电机(4)的电机轴(14)同轴。
10.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与所述电机(4)的电机轴(14)间隔开。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述离合器轴(15)通过行星齿轮传动机构(17)与所述电机(4)联接。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统,其特征在于,所述第一变速器输入轴(10)特别是通过齿轮级(10.1、15.2)与所述分离离合器(5)联接。
13.一种用于操作机动车的动力总成系统(1)的方法,动力总成系统具有内燃机(2)和自动变速器(3),其中,所述内燃机(2)具有从动轴(2.1),所述从动轴(2.1)以没有分离离合器的方式与所述自动变速器(3)的第一变速器输入轴(10)联接,其中,所述自动变速器(3)具有与差速器(20)的差速驱动轮(19)有效连接的第一变速器输出轴(11)和第二变速器输出轴(12),并且,所述动力总成系统(1)具有电机(4),其中,操纵可切换的分离离合器(5)用于选择性地实现在电机(4)和内燃机(2)之间的力传递,所述分离离合器(5)布置成与离合器轴(15)同轴,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与所述第一变速器输入轴(10)间隔开,其中,所述离合器轴(15)布置成平行地与所述第一变速器输出轴(11)和所述第二变速器输出轴(12)间隔开。
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