CN109797734A - A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect - Google Patents
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prevention and control of soil erosion methods based on microbial mineralization effect, belong to water and soil conservation field.It includes: that (1) in soil body surface slowly sprays urease-producing microbial inoculum, and 6~12h is kept after sprinkling；(2) soil body surface after spraying microbial inoculum slowly sprays consolidating fluid, keeps 6~12h；(3) 3~5 steps (1) and step (2) are repeated, stands and air-dries.The present invention directly slowly sprays microbial inoculum in soil body surface, and the purpose for directly carrying out microbial mineralization reinforcing to the soil body is realized by MICP technology, effectively promotes soil body anti-erosion characteristic.Step of the present invention is succinct, can effective conservation of soil and water, be a kind of simple, efficient soil body soil erosion control method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water and soil conservation fields, more specifically to a kind of water and soil stream based on microbial mineralization effect
Lose control method.
Background technique
China is soil erosion one of the countries with the most serious ... in the world.Soil erosion range is wide, and intensity is big, endangers it
Weight, it is very few in the whole world.The area of China's soil erosion at present is up to 2,950,000 km2, the 30.7% of national territorial area is accounted for, average annual soil
Earth number of dropouts is more than 5,000,000,000 tons.Serious soil erosion leads to water and soil resources destruction, the deterioration of the ecological environment, natural calamity aggravation,
It threatens National Ecological Security, flood control safety, safe drinking water, grain security and each industry normally to produce, is that China's economic society can be held
The protrusion restraining factors of supervention exhibition.Carry out prevention and control of soil erosion method and regulation measure research, has ten to China's water and soil conservation
Divide important scientific meaning and realistic meaning.
With the rapid development of our country's economy, infrastructure construction has welcome unprecedented climax, such as large-scale high
Fast railway, highway and urban transportation pipe network etc..In addition, Larger Engineering Projects also emerge in large numbers like the mushrooms after rain, such as western gas east
Defeated, transferring electricity from the west to the east, the south water to north, Qinghai-Tibet Railway and some glory-holes produce development of resources etc..It is this radical and large-scale
Human engineering geological activity seriously destroys pre-existing topography landforms and vegetation, upsets earth's surface and interflow subsurface drainage system.It is various high-strength
The mechanical excavation and mining residues landfill of degree create a large amount of artificial side slopes and secondary exposed soil ground, cause a series of new water and soil
Losing issue, or even develop into the geological disasters such as avalanche, landslide, mud-rock flow.According to incompletely statistics, the China nearly 5 Nian Lai occurs altogether
Highway Geological Disaster is up to 6 Wan Yuqi, wherein disaster relevant to soil erosion of side slope accounts for 70% or more of sum.
The core of prevention and control of soil erosion work is to improve the corrosion resistance of the soil body.It is summed up, mainly there is three categories
Regulation measure: plant, material and engineering measure.Although every kind of measure can play preferable anti-erosion effect, but still exist
Various shortcomings.For man-made bare slope, compared with the primary slope surface with representative region,
It is small with area, distribution is discrete, soil property difference is big, soil fertility is low, structure is complicated for domatic, slopes formed the time have it is uncertain
Property the features such as, to corrode regulation more stringent requirements are proposed.
In recent years, a kind of novel soil body modification technology based on microbial mineralization effect starts in geotechnical engineering field
One research boom.In fact, microbial mineralization is a kind of phenomenon being widely present in nature, it is mainly slightly raw by certain
The metabolic activity of object itself generates crystallizable mineral.Since calcium carbonate is to be distributed a kind of most wide carbonate in nature,
Property is stablized, and cementation is excellent, and intensity with higher and durability, thus microorganism induction tosca
(Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation, abbreviation MICP) technology is always the hot spot of the area research.
Disclose " microorganism mortar protection powder " Journal of Agricultural Engineering " o. 11th page 133~139 of volume 33 of in June, 2017
The intensity and corrosion resistance analysis of Influential Factors in slight slope face ", it discloses and silt surface is protected using microorganism screed
The method of processing includes the steps that silt surface carrying out blasting treatment, alternately and repeatedly sprays microbial inoculum and consolidating fluid
The step of processing, realizes the effect of protection silt slope surface to a certain extent, but it still has certain limitation:
(1) the prior art carries out blasting treatment to silt surface first, then microbial inoculum is sprayed on sand, then glue spraying knot is molten
Liquid, its object is to reinforce to layer of sand forming microorganism mortar protective layer, and and indirect soil mass consolidation, due to containing in sand
There is larger hole and close with ingredients calcium carbonate property, it is solid using microorganism reinforcement means compared to directly to the reinforcing of silt
Sand is more easy, and the method is used to be difficult to reach effect when directly reinforcing silt or the general soil body；(2) in big face
In the product cured practical application of the slope surface soil body, using complexity the step of sandblasting and actual condition is not met；(3) culture solution uses pancreas
Peptone, soy peptone, sodium chloride and urea mixed liquor, ingredient is many and diverse, causes engineering cost higher；(4) consolidating fluid
Only with the mixed liquor of urea and calcium chloride, cementing effect is not ideal enough and curing reaction efficiency is lower, is not able to satisfy practical work
The needs of condition.
" microorganism induction precipitation of calcium carbonate (MICP) curing soil is real for doctor's thesis of The Chinese Geology Univ. (Beijing)
Test research " in point out, sand grains size is also one of the influence factor of MICP curing soil.On the one hand, sand grains will reach
Greatly, it is ensured that chemical substance can pass through its gap and come into full contact with bacterium in reaction generating process.For example, the volume of bacterium
Usually 0.5~5 μm, they cannot be introduced into Extra-fine sand and clay, therefore can not carry out in the soil horizon of these types
MICP effect (Mitchell and Santamarina, 2005).On the other hand, sand grains are enough small, so that the carbon generated
Sour calcium crystal can be bonded together (Mitchell and Santamarina 2005, Rebata-Landa for adjacent
2007).Rebata-Landa (2007) has obtained calcium carbonate content relational graph in a sand partial size and solidified sample, works as particle
At about 100 μm, calcium carbonate content reaches maximum value.Qabany et al. (2012) is it has also been found that the good larger particles sand of gradation
The fine sand precipitation of calcium carbonate effect more bad than gradation is good.
In general, it is mainly limited to stiffening basic ground about the research of MICP at present, process object is concentrated mainly on
In terms of the sand be made of the pure quartz sand of specific gradation.Reason has two: first, the infiltration coefficient of sand is higher, microbial bacteria
Liquid and consolidating fluid are easier to infiltrate, and the reaction for being conducive to biomineralization MICP occurs；Second, the interstitial space in sand compares
Greatly, be conducive to bacterium to migrate in hole and the deposition of calcium carbonate, to play preferable consolidation effect.Just because of this,
The consolidation effect of MICP can be influenced by the partial size and gradation of sand, be the restriction by pore-size and connectivity after all.
But it has to be noted that the great soil group of nature is multifarious, by the pure quartz sand group in specific grading limit in existing research
At sand be only a kind of ideal special case, be to prepare to meet particular requirement and manually, this sand is in nature
In it is uncommon, do not have representativeness.The soil body that soil erosion occurs in nature is substantially the stickiness containing more particulate
Soil typically simply thinks that MICP technology is not suitable for reinforcing cohesive soil since the pore-size in cohesive soil is relatively small, because
This current educational circles is more rarely seen about the research report of microbial mineralization effect prevention soil and water loss.
Summary of the invention
1, it to solve the problems, such as
The deficiency of seriousness and existing Prevention Technique for existing soil erosion problem, and be difficult to using MICP technology
The technical issues of protecting natural soil body surface, it is anti-that the present invention provides a kind of soil erosion based on microbial mineralization effect
It controls method and consolidation process is carried out to natural soil body surface.
2, technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
1) urease-producing microbial inoculum is slowly sprayed in soil body surface, 6~12h is kept after sprinkling；
2) soil body surface after spraying microbial inoculum slowly sprays consolidating fluid, and 6~12h is kept after sprinkling；
3) 3~5 step 1) and steps 2) are repeated, stands and air-dries.
Preferably, for infiltration coefficient less than 10-4The soil body of m/s, drilled in advance in soil body surface before step 1),
Back-up sand.Since the soil body is more closely knit, microbial inoculum is infiltrated relatively slowly, therefore after soil body surface carries out drilling back-up sand, make microorganism
Bacterium solution is infiltrated from soil body surface and by sand column to inside soil body, and main advantage is that the cementing efficiency of the soil body and effect can be promoted
Fruit.The reason is that by drilling, back-up sand processing be conducive to increase microbial inoculum and consolidating fluid and the soil body contact area and its
In the residence time of soil body surface, improvement infiltrates efficiency and infiltrates depth.In addition, biggish hole between sand particle in sand column
It is potential to increase space required for reaction, also there is anti-erosion effect after the solidification of sand column.After above-mentioned processing, the glue of formation
Tying cured layer had not only included the first cementation solidifying layer for infiltrating and being formed along soil body surface, but include infiltrated along sand column and formed the
Two cementation solidifying layers, are integrally formed more stable structure, are more advantageous to water and soil conservation.
Preferably, the drilling and soil body surface are at 0~90 °.
Preferably, the drilling is arranged in a crossed manner.Sand column intersected with each other forms the cementation solidifying layer intersected, and structure is more steady
It is fixed.
Preferably, the 2~10cm of boring aperture, the spacing of wells are 2~5 times of aperture, and depth is 2~4 times of aperture.
Preferably, in the drilling institute's back-up sand particle size range in 0.075~2mm.
Preferably, the soil body sprinkling microbial inoculum concentration is 0.1~2.0Abs, and fountain height is 5~10kg/m2；Institute
Stating sprinkling microbial inoculum concentration at drilling back-up sand is 0.1~2.0Abs, and fountain height is until being saturated at drilling back-up sand.
Preferably, the step 1) soil body is the slope surface soil body.
Preferably, the urease-producing bacterium is Pasteur's sporosarcina, the culture medium of the urease-producing microbial inoculum
Formula are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L, 0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L.Pasteur's gemma eight
Folded coccus deposit number is ATCC11859.
Preferably, use electrical conductivity method control microbial inoculum enzyme activity level for 1.8~2.0mS/ (cmmin-1), it uses
Spectrophotometer controls light absorption value OD of the bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For 0.5~5.0Abs.
Preferably, the temperature of the microbial inoculum activation is 25 DEG C, pH 8.1, shaking speed 120rpm/min.
Preferably, the formula of consolidating fluid includes calcium chloride, and urea, nutrition soup-stock, the calcium chloride and urea mole are dense
Degree is than being 1:1, and concentration range is 0.1~1.0mol/L, and soil body surface consolidating fluid fountain height is 0.5~2 times of microbial inoculum,
Consolidating fluid fountain height is until being saturated at drilling back-up sand at drilling back-up sand.The nutrition soup-stock is chosen from Oxoid supplier, English
Title Nutrient Broth, model M1168.
Preferably, the concentration of nutrition soup-stock is 3g/L in the consolidating fluid.
Preferably, the microbial inoculum activation is placed on 4 DEG C of preservations.
Care environments temperature preferably, which is characterized in that step 1)~3) is 5~40 DEG C.
Preferably, care environments temperature is 20 DEG C or more.
Preferably, the spray concentration 0.5Abs of the microbial inoculum.
3, beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) a kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect of the invention, using directly sprinkling bacterium solution
And the technical method of consolidating fluid, improve sandblasting step in the prior art；MICP technology utilizes microorganism induction urea water
Solution, is quickly generated precipitation of calcium carbonate with calcium ion, so that soil body surface forms one layer of calcium carbonate and hardens shell, to be promoted, the soil body is anti-to be invaded
Lose characteristic；In addition to other than surface forms hardening shell, the method applied in the present invention also has glue to the cohesive soil in 4.0cm depth
Ability to cure is tied, cementation solidifying layer is formed；Since hydrolysis of urea mechanism is simple, reaction process is easy to control, and can be in the short time
It is interior to synthesize a large amount of high-quality calcium carbonate crystal, while greatly improving soil body erosion-resisting characteristics using the method for the present invention, moreover it is possible to mention
Intensity, rigidity and the water stability of the high soil body, and the good gas permeability of the soil body and water penetration are maintained, improve the growing environment of plant.
(2) infiltration coefficient is directed in the present invention less than 10-4The soil body of m/s, since soil body surface is more closely knit, microbial bacteria
Liquid and consolidating fluid infiltrate more difficult, therefore carry out drilling back-up sand processing in soil body surface, and the sand grains diameter filled is larger, infiltrate and
Diffusion is good, and microbial inoculum and consolidating fluid can not only be infiltrated by soil body surface to inside soil body, moreover it is possible to pass through drilling
In sand infiltrated to inside soil body, infiltrate microbial inoculum and consolidating fluid from soil body surface and sand column simultaneously, increase microorganism
The contact area of bacterium solution and consolidating fluid and the soil body and its residence time in soil body surface, improvement infiltrate efficiency and infiltrate depth
Degree, improves the cementation solidifying effect of the soil body on the whole, is beneficial to utilize promotion of the microbial mineralization to soil body erosion-resisting characteristics.
(3) boring aperture is set as 2~10cm in the present invention, and the spacing of wells is 2~5 times of aperture, and depth is the 2 of aperture
~4 times, which can satisfy the requirement seeped under microbial inoculum and consolidating fluid, form firm cured layer.
(4) drilling and soil body surface are in 0~90 ° in the present invention, and being obliquely installed to be more advantageous under bacterium solution of drilling is seeped.
(5) it drills in the present invention arranged in a crossed manner, the integrated consolidated structures that surface solidified layer and staggered sand column are formed are more
Stablize.
(6) present invention can be also used for the anti-erosion protection of the slope surface soil body.
(7) urease-producing microorganism selects Pasteur's sporosarcina in the present invention, it is rich in a kind of natural soils
Urea fast hydrolyzing can be generated carbanion and ammonium ion by the urase of alkaliphilic bacterium, generation；Since bacterium surface has
Negative electrical charge can constantly adsorb the calcium ion in surrounding medium, so that it is gathered in bacterium surface, analyse in conjunction with carbanion
Calcium carbonate crystal out carries out soil particle cementing；It does not generate toxicant, environmentally protective, and reaction rate is fast, the reaction time and
Cementing strength can be regulated and controled as needed, and the soil body after treatment possesses certain fertility, be conducive to vegetation growth and extensive
It is multiple, so that the soil erosion control for the nature soil body has supplied new way, can cannot especially be met the requirements in traditional measures or
Person, which not yet takes effect, provides optional biological control measure before for prevention and control of soil erosion.
(8) Pasteur's sporosarcina is aerobic bacteria, when being reinforced using sand of such bacterium solution to bulky grain, due to it
Hole is big, is conducive to the deposition of calcium carbonate；And when being reinforced using such bacterium solution to cohesive soil, very due to its particle size
Small and hole is smaller, and infiltrating and spreading difficulty for microorganism and bacterium solution significantly increases.The present invention in soil body superficial layer by being arranged
Sand column can effectively overcome the problems, such as to infiltrate hardly possible, promote the reinforcement depth and consolidation effect of microbial mineralization effect.
(9) culture medium of microbial inoculum preferably uses yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L in the present invention,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L, pH value 8.1 are in alkalescent, are more conducive to the positive of reaction and carry out；It compares
Using tryptone, big in the prior art " intensity and corrosion resistance analysis of Influential Factors that microorganism mortar protects silt slope surface "
For the neutral mixed liquor of legumin peptone, sodium chloride and urea as culture solution, the nutrient solution prescription in the present invention is simpler.
(10) make the urease-producing bacterium in MICP reaction process by the way that nutrition soup-stock is also added in consolidating fluid in the present invention
It remains high activity, reaches better consolidation effect；Contain a large amount of urea and calcium ion in consolidating fluid, the former is to promote plant
The important fertilizer of growth, has significant gain effect for later period vegetation and ecological recovery.The latter can be made by ion exchange
With the sodium ion in displacement clay particle, the dispersibility of the soil body is reduced, the reunion of clay particle is promoted, to inhibit soil body surface
Skinning forms closing, improves Condition of Rainfall Infiltration, reduces flow path surface and corrodes hydrodynamic force；Meanwhile soil body surface formation
Low-moisture evaporation rate can drop in hardening shell, improve water holding capacity and the water holding time of the soil body." microorganism sand compared with prior art
The intensity and corrosion resistance analysis of Influential Factors of slurry protection silt slope surface ", the present invention also added nutrition soup-stock in consolidating fluid,
So that urease-producing microorganism is had sufficient nutrition nutrient supply while contacting with urea and calcium chloride, improves the reaction of microorganism
Activity, the nutrition nutrient supply after meeting Microorganism colonization, makes MICP process efficiency be significantly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is in embodiment 2 through MICP treated soil body schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is in embodiment 9 through MICP treated soil body schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is in embodiment 13 through MICP treated slope surface schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is in embodiment 15 through MICP treated soil body schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, calcium carbonate hardens shell；2, the first cementation solidifying layer (calcium carbonate that soil body surface is generated through microorganism induction
Deposit the cementing solidification soil body)；3, (drilling and soil body juncture area are cementing after drilling back-up sand processing for the second cementation solidifying layer
Solidify the soil body)；4, the soil body；5, cured sand column in drilling.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
The soil body in the present embodiment is the horizontal soil body, and infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
It controls for 120rmp/min, pH 8.1；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；It is controlled using electrical conductivity method micro-
Biological bacterium solution enzyme activity level is 1.8mS/ (cmmin-1), using spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength
Light absorption value OD600For 1.0Abs.
Consolidating fluid concentration is 0.1M, and every liter contains: urea 6.0g, calcium chloride 11g, nutrition soup-stock 3g.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 25 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
10kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, keeps 6h to guarantee that microorganism can determine
It plants successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 5kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, keep
It while soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 6h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 3 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.0cm, cured layer improve 40% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 20%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is, selected area update strategy coefficient is 5 × 10-5M/s's
The horizontal soil body is tested, the results showed that as shown in Figure 1, microorganism forms the cementing solid of one layer of 2.5cm in soil body surface
Change layer, relative to the untreated soil body, cured layer improves 15% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 10%,
Illustrate the present embodiment method to infiltration coefficient less than 10-4The soil body of m/s also has certain solidification, but effect is not as good as infiltration system
Number is greater than 10-4The soil body of m/s.
Embodiment 3
The soil body in the present embodiment is 35 ° of slope surfaces, and soil body osmotic coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
For 120rmp/min；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；Microbial inoculum enzyme activity is controlled using electrical conductivity method
Level is 1.9mS/ (cmmin-1), using light absorption value OD of the spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For
1.4Abs。
Consolidating fluid concentration is 0.5M, and every liter contains: urea 30g, calcium chloride 55g, nutrition soup-stock 3g.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 25 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
7kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, holding 8 hours to guarantee that microorganism can
It is colonized successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 10kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, protect
It while holding soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 6h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 4 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.2cm, cured layer improve 50% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 50%.
Embodiment 4
The soil body in the present embodiment is 35 ° of slope surfaces, and soil body osmotic coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
For 120rmp/min；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；Microbial inoculum enzyme activity is controlled using electrical conductivity method
Level is 2.0mS/ (cmmin-1), using light absorption value OD of the spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For
2.0Abs。
Consolidating fluid concentration is 1.0M, and every liter contains: urea 60g, calcium chloride 111g, nutrition soup-stock 3g/L.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 25 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
5kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, holding 8 hours to guarantee that microorganism can
It is colonized successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 10kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, protect
It while holding soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 6h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 5 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.2cm, cured layer improve 30% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 40%.
Embodiment 5
The soil body in the present embodiment is 35 ° of slope surfaces, and soil body osmotic coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
For 120rmp/min；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；Microbial inoculum enzyme activity is controlled using electrical conductivity method
Level is 2.0mS/ (cmmin-1), using light absorption value OD of the spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For
2.0Abs。
Consolidating fluid concentration is 1.0M, and every liter contains: urea 60g, calcium chloride 111g, nutrition soup-stock 3g/L.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 5 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
5kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, holding 12 hours to guarantee that microorganism can
It is colonized successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 10kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, protect
It while holding soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 6h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 5 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.4cm, cured layer improve 45% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 50%.
Embodiment 6
The soil body in the present embodiment is 35 ° of slope surfaces, and soil body osmotic coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
For 120rmp/min；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；Microbial inoculum enzyme activity is controlled using electrical conductivity method
Level is 2.0mS/ (cmmin-1), using light absorption value OD of the spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For
2.0Abs。
Consolidating fluid concentration is 1.0M, and every liter contains: urea 60g, calcium chloride 111g, nutrition soup-stock 3g/L.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 25 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
5kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, holding 12 hours to guarantee that microorganism can
It is colonized successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 10kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, protect
It while holding soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 12h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 5 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.6cm, cured layer improve 60% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 60%.
Embodiment 7
The soil body in the present embodiment is 35 ° of slope surfaces, and soil body osmotic coefficient is 5 × 10-4m/s。
Microbial inoculum uses Pasteur's sporosarcina, culture medium are as follows: yeast extract 20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L,
0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L；Bacterium solution is activated when taking, temperature control is at 25 DEG C in activation process, shaking speed
For 120rmp/min；Activated bacterium solution is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and is saved；Microbial inoculum enzyme activity is controlled using electrical conductivity method
Level is 2.0mS/ (cmmin-1), using light absorption value OD of the spectrophotometer control bacterial concentration at 600nm wavelength600For
2.0Abs。
Consolidating fluid concentration is 1.0M, and every liter contains: urea 60g, calcium chloride 111g, nutrition soup-stock 3g/L.
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, comprising the following steps:
(1) in the case where care environments temperature is 45 DEG C, microbial inoculum is slowly uniformly sprayed in soil body surface, fountain height is
5kg/m2, make microbial inoculum is slowly lower to seep, bacterium solution come into full contact with soil particle, holding 12 hours to guarantee that microorganism can
It is colonized successfully；
(2) consolidating fluid, fountain height 10kg/m are slowly uniformly sprayed in the soil body surface for spraying microbial inoculum2, protect
It while holding soil texture, comes into full contact with microbial inoculum with consolidating fluid, keeps 6h；
(3) step (1) and step (2) are repeated 5 times.
Experimental result: after being reinforced using this method to the soil body in the present embodiment, microorganism forms one in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer of layer 3.8cm, cured layer improve 70% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 75%.
Embodiment 8
Soil body pattern, microbial inoculum are same as Example 1, are the horizontal soil body, and infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-4M/s, this reality
It applies example and drilling back-up sand processing is carried out to slope surface soil body surface before sprinkling, the drilling and soil body surface angle are 90 °, drilling
It is parallel to each other, drilling back-up sand processing the following steps are included:
(1) investigation is carried out to the soil body to layout, drill, aperture 2cm, spacing of layouting 6cm, drilling depth 4cm；
(2) quartz sand, quartz sand particle size 0.075mm are filled to each drilling；
(3) according to the prevention and control of soil erosion step for carrying out acting on based on microbial mineralization described in embodiment 1, wherein soil body table
Bacterium solution spray concentration is 1.0Abs at face and drilling back-up sand, and soil body surface bacterium solution fountain height is 10kg/m2, consolidating fluid fountain height
For 5kg/m2；Bacterium solution is sprayed to saturation, consolidating fluid is sprayed to saturation at drilling back-up sand.
Experimental result: the back-up sand that first drilled to the soil body compared to embodiment 1, in the present embodiment using this method is reinforced
Afterwards, microorganism forms the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.3cm in soil body surface, and cured layer improves soil body surface penetration resistance
40%, soil detachment rate reduces by 40%.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment processing step and condition are substantially the same manner as Example 8, and difference is, select same as Example 2
Infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-5The horizontal soil body of m/s is tested, the results showed that as shown in Fig. 2, microorganism is in soil body surface
The cementation solidifying layer for forming one layer of 3.0cm, compared to the unshielded surface layer soil body, cured layer improves soil body surface penetration resistance
30%, soil detachment rate reduces by 30%；As shown in Fig. 2, relative to embodiment 2, due to being carried out at drilling back-up sand in soil body surface
Reason, cured layer improve 15% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces 20%, it can be seen that, drill back-up sand
For infiltration coefficient less than 10-4The protection effect of the soil body of m/s, which has, significantly improves effect.
Embodiment 10
Soil body pattern, microbial inoculum are same as Example 5, are 35 ° of slope surface soil bodys, and infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-4M/s, this
Embodiment carries out drilling back-up sand processing to soil body surface before sprinkling, and the drilling and soil body surface angle are 60 °, drills that
This is parallel, drilling back-up sand processing the following steps are included:
(1) investigation is carried out to the soil body to layout, drill, aperture 5cm, spacing of layouting 25cm, drilling depth 20cm；
(2) quartz sand, quartz sand particle size 1mm are filled to each drilling；
(3) according to the prevention and control of soil erosion step for carrying out acting on based on microbial mineralization described in embodiment 5, wherein soil body table
Bacterium solution spray concentration is 2.0Abs at face and drilling back-up sand, and soil body surface bacterium solution fountain height is 5kg/m2, consolidating fluid fountain height
For 5kg/m2；Bacterium solution is sprayed to saturation, consolidating fluid is sprayed to saturation at drilling back-up sand.
Experimental result: the back-up sand that first drilled to the soil body compared to embodiment 5, in the present embodiment using this method is reinforced
Afterwards, microorganism forms the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.8cm in soil body surface, compared to the unshielded surface layer soil body, cured layer pair
Soil body surface penetration resistance improves 75%, and soil detachment rate reduces by 70%.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 10, and difference is, select it is identical as 10 gradient of embodiment but
Infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-5The soil body of m/s is tested, the results showed that microorganism is formed on its surface one layer of 3.4cm's
Cementation solidifying layer, compared to the unshielded surface layer soil body, cured layer improves 65% to soil body surface penetration resistance, soil detachment rate
Reduce by 60%.
Embodiment 12
Soil body pattern, microbial inoculum are same as Example 5, are 35 ° of slope surface soil bodys, and infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-4M/s, this
Embodiment carries out drilling back-up sand processing to soil body surface before sprinkling, and the drilling and soil body surface angle are 45 °, drills that
This is parallel, drilling back-up sand processing the following steps are included:
(1) investigation is carried out to the soil body to layout, drill, aperture 10cm, spacing of layouting 40cm, drilling depth 30cm；
(2) quartz sand, quartz sand particle size 2mm are filled to each drilling；
(3) according to the prevention and control of soil erosion step for carrying out acting on based on microbial mineralization described in embodiment 5, wherein soil body table
Bacterium solution spray concentration is 2.0Abs at face and drilling back-up sand, and soil body surface bacterium solution fountain height is 5kg/m2, consolidating fluid fountain height
For 5kg/m2；Bacterium solution is sprayed to saturation, consolidating fluid is sprayed to saturation at drilling back-up sand.
Experimental result: the back-up sand that first drilled to the soil body on the basis of embodiment 5, in the present embodiment using this method is added
Gu after, microorganism forms the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.5cm in soil body surface, compared to the unshielded surface layer soil body, cured layer
70% is improved to soil body surface penetration resistance, soil detachment rate reduces by 65%.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is, select it is identical as 12 gradient of embodiment but
Infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-5The soil body of m/s is tested, the results showed that as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment is small in infiltration coefficient
In 10-4On the soil body of m/s, microorganism is formed on its surface the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.2cm, compared to unshielded topsoil
Body, cured layer improve 50% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 45%.
Embodiment 14
The conditions such as soil body pattern, microbial inoculum are same as Example 1, and infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-4The horizontal soil body of m/s,
The present embodiment carries out drilling back-up sand processing to soil body surface before sprinkling, and the drilling and soil body surface angle are 45 °, drilling
It is arranged in a crossed manner, drilling back-up sand processing the following steps are included:
(1) investigation is carried out to the soil body to layout, drill, aperture 2cm, spacing of layouting 4cm, drilling depth 6cm；
(2) quartz sand, quartz sand particle size 2mm are filled to each drilling；
(3) according to the prevention and control of soil erosion step for carrying out acting on based on microbial mineralization described in embodiment 1, wherein soil body table
Bacterium solution spray concentration is 1.0Abs at face and drilling back-up sand, and soil body surface bacterium solution fountain height is 10kg/m2, consolidating fluid fountain height
For 5kg/m2；Bacterium solution is sprayed to saturation, consolidating fluid is sprayed to saturation at drilling back-up sand.
Experimental result: the back-up sand that first drilled to the soil body compared to embodiment 1, in the present embodiment using this method is reinforced
Afterwards, microorganism forms the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 4.0cm in soil body surface, compared to the unshielded surface layer soil body, cured layer pair
Soil body surface penetration resistance improves 80%, and soil detachment rate reduces by 70%.Compared to drilling is arranged in parallel, drill arranged in a crossed manner
Cementing better effect is prominent, is primarily due to that inside soil body sand column is cross-shaped, and the reticular structure of the intersection is conducive to reaction and produces
The uniformity that object is distributed in inside soil body promotes the soil body Effect of Soil Erosion Control using microbial mineralization effect.
Embodiment 15
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 14, and difference is, select it is identical as 14 gradient of embodiment but
Infiltration coefficient is 5 × 10-5The soil body of m/s is tested, the results showed that as shown in figure 4, the present embodiment is small in infiltration coefficient
In 10-4On the soil body of m/s, microorganism is formed on its surface the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.2cm, compared to unshielded topsoil
Body, cured layer improve 60% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 50%.
Embodiment 16
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 14, and difference is, soil body sprinkling microbial inoculum concentration is
0.1Abs, it is 0.1Abs that drill hole, which sprays microbial inoculum concentration, and it is 5kg/m that the soil body, which sprays microbial inoculum fountain height,2, cementing
Liquid fountain height is 10kg/m2.Microorganism is formed on its surface the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3cm, compared to unshielded topsoil
Body, cured layer improve 25% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 35%.
Embodiment 17
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 14, and difference is, soil body sprinkling microbial inoculum concentration is
1.0Abs, it is 0.5Abs that drill hole, which sprays microbial inoculum concentration, and it is 5kg/m that the soil body, which sprays microbial inoculum fountain height,2, cementing
Liquid fountain height is 10kg/m2.Microorganism is formed on its surface the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.3cm, compared to unshielded surface layer
The soil body, cured layer improve 50% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 55%.
Embodiment 18
The present embodiment processing step is substantially the same manner as Example 14, and difference is, soil body sprinkling microbial inoculum concentration is
2.0Abs, it is 1.0Abs that drill hole, which sprays microbial inoculum concentration, and it is 10kg/m that the soil body, which sprays microbial inoculum fountain height,2, glue
Knot liquid fountain height is 5kg/m2.Microorganism is formed on its surface the cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 3.8cm, compared to unshielded surface layer
The soil body, cured layer improve 70% to soil body surface penetration resistance, and soil detachment rate reduces by 65%.
During sprinkling and sprinkling after in 24 hours such as precipitation, then need to carry out the operation that fills spray, repeatedly spray
After need carry out strength test, unconfined compression test can be used and tested, specific embodiment is according to JTJ 051-93
" highway earthwork test rule " is implemented.After test result shows the soil body for various properties using this method reinforcing, microorganism
The cementation solidifying layer of one layer of 1.0~4.0cm is formed in soil body surface, erosion-resisting characteristics is remarkably improved 60% or more, it was demonstrated that
A kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect of the invention is a kind of effective and environmentally protective shield
Slope new technology.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect, which comprises the following steps:
1) urease-producing microbial inoculum is slowly sprayed in soil body surface, 6~12h is kept after sprinkling；
2) soil body surface after spraying microbial inoculum slowly sprays consolidating fluid, and 6~12h is kept after sprinkling；
3) 3~5 step 1) and steps 2) are repeated, stands and air-dries.
2. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 1 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that be directed to
Infiltration coefficient is less than 10-4The soil body of m/s is drilled in soil body surface, back-up sand in advance before step 1).
3. a kind of prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The hole and soil body surface are at 0~90 °.
4. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 2 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
It drills arranged in a crossed manner.
5. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 2 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
2~10cm of boring aperture, the spacing of wells are 2~5 times of aperture, and depth is 2~4 times of aperture.
6. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 2 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
Institute's back-up sand particle size range is in 0.075~2mm in drilling.
7. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 5 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
It is 0.1~2.0Abs that soil body surface, which sprays microbial inoculum concentration, and fountain height is 5~10kg/m2；It is sprayed at the drilling back-up sand
Microbial inoculum concentration is 0.1~2.0Abs, and fountain height is until being saturated at drilling back-up sand.
8. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 7 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
Urease-producing bacterium is Pasteur's sporosarcina, the culture medium prescription of the urease-producing microbial inoculum are as follows: yeast extract
20g/L, ammonium sulfate 10g/L, 0.13molTris-Buffer 15.75g/L.
9. the prevention and control of soil erosion method according to claim 8 based on microbial mineralization effect, which is characterized in that described
The temperature of microbial inoculum activation is 25 DEG C, pH 8.1, shaking speed 120rpm/min.
10. the prevention and control of soil erosion method based on microbial mineralization effect according to any one of claim 7~9,
It is characterized in that, the formula of consolidating fluid includes calcium chloride, urea, nutrition soup-stock, the calcium chloride and urea molar concentration rate
For 1:1, concentration range is 0.1~1.0mol/L, and soil body surface consolidating fluid fountain height is 0.5~2 times of microbial inoculum, drilling
Consolidating fluid fountain height is until being saturated at drilling back-up sand at back-up sand.
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| CN113882407A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-04 | 南京大学 | Landslide control method based on microbial mineralization |
| CN114345925A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for repairing desertified land and solidifying surface soil heavy metal by microorganisms |
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