CN109789436A - 用于密封材料的动态配量的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于密封材料的动态配量的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN109789436A
CN109789436A CN201780055980.7A CN201780055980A CN109789436A CN 109789436 A CN109789436 A CN 109789436A CN 201780055980 A CN201780055980 A CN 201780055980A CN 109789436 A CN109789436 A CN 109789436A
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H·布洛克
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于密封材料体积的动态配量的设备以及一种相应的方法。根据本发明的设备包括：两个用于密封材料组分的容器；第一驱动器，其与两个装置连接，所述两个装置中的分别一个装置能将所述密封材料组分之一从其容器中输送；驱动控制器；混合单元，其用于混合从容器中输送的密封材料组分，该混合单元具有用于将密封材料涂敷到构件上的开口；以及所述设备附加地包括：补偿容器，其具有补偿体积；和第二驱动器，所述第二驱动器与活塞连接，该活塞伸进补偿容器的补偿体积中。在此，补偿容器与混合单元连接。第一和第二驱动器能共同通过驱动控制器动态地控制。

Description

用于密封材料的动态配量的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于密封材料体积的动态配量/计量/按量供给的设备以及一种相应的方法。
背景技术
例如用在飞机和空间飞行器中的密封材料通常通过混合两个组分——基体和硬化剂——在混合设备中产生并随后在原地、也就是说在待涂层的构件上硬化。所述硬化可以以热方式和/或通过光化学辐射进行。
在图1中示出用于此目的的设备：组分A和B在此首先位于分开的储存容器中。合适的驱动器、优选伺服驱动器被这样操控，即，两个组分(A和B)被以规定的速度输送到静态的混合管中并且彼此混合。这样获得的、还未完全硬化的密封材料随后以焊缝/凸筋(Raupe)形式离开该设备。
在密封具有复杂几何结构的构件时必须动态地、也就是说根据正好要密封的位置来调整配量速度(或计量速度、按量供给速度)、亦即在每单位时间涂敷的密封材料体积。也使用术语“动态配量”。
在后一种配量形式中然而存在以下问题：配量速度在应用静态混合器时不能在没有对混合比例和混合质量造成不利影响的情况下被任意降低。
对此的主要原因在于，基体组分——例如那些基于多硫化合物的组分——是可压缩的，而硬化剂组分不具有可压缩性，这样由于降低的配量速度而导致基体组分从其储存容器中的释放与硬化剂组分相比越来越延迟。
特别在配量速度特别低时、如在点配量的情况下因此出现在改变的混合比例以及下降的混合质量方面的问题。
如果携带上述设备的横梁的移动速度提高，以用于达到在每段路程的较低的卸载——亦即表面上较低的配量速度，那么这在复杂的几何结构的情况下然而会导致配量精度的负担。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于，提供一种用于动态配量密封材料的设备以及一种相应的方法，在所述设备中或在所述方法中独立于配量速度——也就是说即使在低配量速度的情况下——实现了足够的混合质量以及配量精度。
所述目的通过一种根据权利要求1所述的设备以及一种根据权利要求10所述的方法来实现。优选的实施方式分别在从属权利要求中描述。
根据本发明的用于密封材料的动态配量的设备包括：两个用于密封材料组分的容器；第一驱动器，其与两个装置连接，所述两个装置中的分别一个装置能将所述密封材料组分之一从其容器中输送(输送装置)；驱动控制器；混合单元，其用于混合从容器中输送的密封材料组分，该混合单元具有用于将密封材料涂敷到构件上的开口；以及所述设备附加地包括：补偿容器，其具有补偿体积；和第二驱动器，所述第二驱动器与活塞连接，该活塞伸进补偿容器的补偿体积中。
在此，补偿容器与混合单元连接。通过这种连接来填充和排空补偿容器。第一和第二驱动器能共同地通过驱动控制器动态控制。
第一种根据本发明的设备在图2以及图3中示出，第二种根据本发明的设备在图4中示出，然而不应将所述图示理解为限制性的。
“密封材料”当前始终表示两种密封材料组分的混合。
“第一驱动器”也可以由两个可分开控制的驱动单元组成，其中的第一驱动单元与两个输送装置中的第一输送装置连接，第二驱动单元与第二输送装置连接(见图4)。然而根据一个优选的实施方式，第一驱动器由唯一一个驱动单元组成，所述唯一一个驱动单元与两个输送装置连接。
一方面，“两个用于密封材料组分的容器”可以是储存容器，也就是说下述的容器：其可以分别被填充确定量的密封材料组分并且随后被封闭(见图2和图3)。
另一方面“两个用于密封材料组分的容器”可以是打开的容器，也就是说下述的容器：其能被分别连续地填充密封材料组分(见图4)。以这种方式可以实现不中断的密封材料流(见图4)。
“混合单元”可以是静态混合器、动态混合器或这两者的组合。
优选地，第一驱动器和/或第二驱动器是伺服驱动器，此外优选地，第一和第二驱动器分别是伺服驱动器。
根据第一个优选的实施方式，两个输送装置是活塞，所述活塞中的各一个伸进所述容器(该容器在这种情况下是储存容器)之一中并且可以推出相应的密封材料组分。
根据第二个优选的实施方式，两个输送装置是泵，该泵可以通过产生真空将密封材料组分从其容器中抽出。对此适合的特别是螺杆偏心泵以及斗式活塞泵
尤其在螺杆偏心泵的情况下，所述容器是打开的容器，所述打开的容器能分别被连续地填充密封材料组分(见图4)。
优选地，混合单元是静态混合器，特别是静态混合管。
补偿容器优选地是塑料储存筒或易于清洁的构件，特别优选地是塑料储存筒，特别是一种由聚乙烯(PE)制成的储存筒。
根据第一个特别优选的实施方式，设备是二组分混合和配量系统，其例如由Hilger u.Kern公司(曼海姆，德国)制造。该系统能实现由二组分组成的密封材料从储存容器的输送、混合以及配量(见图2和图3)。
密封材料也可以是一种基本上仅在借助于光化学辐射——特别是借助于UV辐射——进行照射之后才硬化的密封材料。这种密封材料具有以下优点：其硬化可以受控制地利用触发器而启动(所谓的SCOD：按照需要硬化密封材料)。根据本发明的设备可以为此包括集成的光化学辐射源，特别是包括集成的UV辐射源。
在根据本发明的用于密封材料的动态配量的方法中，为根据本发明的设备的容器填充各一种密封材料组分(组分A和B或者说基体和硬化剂)。随后在混合单元中混合密封材料组分，并且通过以下方式将产生的密封材料涂敷到构件上，即，借助于第一驱动器从容器中输送密封材料组分。
在此，通过以下方式实现低于在驱动控制器中预设的临界值的配量速度，即，将密封材料组分从容器中输送的速度降低到配量速度的临界值，并且借助于第二驱动器为补偿容器填充密封材料、使得为补偿容器填充的速度相当于配量速度的临界值与实际值之差。
如果配量速度的临界值例如是3密封材料体积单位/时间单位，那么由此实现例如1密封材料体积单位/时间单位的配量速度，即，将密封材料组分从容器中输送的速度降低到3密封材料体积单位的/时间单位并且以2密封材料体积单位/时间单位的速度填充补偿容器。
图2示出在高于临界值的配量速度下的根据本发明的设备。而在图3中，配量速度低于临界值，这通过密封材料焊缝/凸筋的厚度降低来表明。在这种情况下补偿容器的补偿容积被填充密封材料。
在配量速度重新升高到至少一个临界值的情况下，优选地停止密封材料组分从容器中的输送并且借助于第二驱动器从补偿容器中输送密封材料，直到补偿容器中的密封材料耗尽。这有助于使补偿容器保持足够空，以用于实现在稍后的时间为补偿容器重新填充密封材料。
但是此外另选地，也可以同时进行密封材料组分借助于第一驱动器从容器中的输送和密封材料借助于第二驱动器从补偿容器中的输送，直到补偿容器中的密封材料耗尽。由此可以将配量速度提高到超过在没有补偿容器时利用所述设备可能实现的最高值。
本发明还涉及一种构件，该构件借助于根据本发明的方法密封，优选地是一种具有复杂几何结构的构件，如用在飞机和空间飞行器中。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于密封材料的动态配量的设备，所述设备包括：
两个用于密封材料组分的容器，
第一驱动器，所述第一驱动器与两个装置连接，所述两个装置中的分别一个装置能将所述密封材料组分之一从其容器中输送，
驱动控制器，
混合单元，其用于混合从容器中输送的密封材料组分，该混合单元具有用于将密封材料涂敷到构件上的开口，
其特征在于，所述设备还包括：
补偿容器，其具有补偿体积，和
第二驱动器，所述第二驱动器与活塞连接，该活塞伸进补偿容器的补偿体积中，
其中，补偿容器与混合单元连接，并且其中，第一和第二驱动器能共同通过驱动控制器动态地控制。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，第一和/或第二驱动器分别是伺服驱动器。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，两个输送装置是活塞，所述活塞中的各一个伸进用于密封材料组分的容器之一中，所述用于密封材料组分的容器是储存容器。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，两个输送装置是泵，特别是螺杆偏心泵或斗式活塞泵。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，两个输送装置是螺杆偏心泵，用于密封材料组分的容器是打开的容器，所述打开的容器能分别被连续地填充密封材料组分。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，混合单元是静态混合器。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，补偿容器是塑料储存筒或易于清洁的构件。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，设备是二组分混合和配量系统。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，设备包括集成的光化学的辐射源。
10.一种用于密封材料的动态配量的方法，其特征在于，为根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备的容器分别填充一种密封材料组分，在混合单元中混合密封材料组分，通过以下方式将产生的密封材料涂敷到构件上，即，借助于第一驱动器从容器中输送密封材料组分，其中，
通过以下方式实现低于在驱动控制器中预设的临界值的配量速度，即，将密封材料组分从容器中输送的速度降低到配量速度的临界值，以及
借助于第二驱动器为补偿容器填充密封材料，使得为补偿容器填充的速度相当于配量速度的临界值与实际值之差。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在配量速度重新升高到至少一个临界值的情况下，停止密封材料组分从容器中的输送并且借助于第二驱动器从补偿容器中输送密封材料，直到补偿容器中的密封材料耗尽。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在配量速度重新升高到至少一个临界值的情况下，同时进行密封材料组分借助于第一驱动器从容器中的输送和密封材料借助于第二驱动器从补偿容器中的输送，直到补偿容器中的密封材料耗尽。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，密封材料是一种基本上仅在借助于光化学辐射进行照射之后才硬化的密封材料。
14.一种构件，其特征在于，所述构件借助于根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的方法密封。
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