CN109759201B

CN109759201B - Household garbage recycling treatment process

Info

Publication number: CN109759201B
Application number: CN201910085357.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童其奋; 汪建明; 陆大根; 王伟; 朱晓峰; 冯燕; 童丽娜
Original assignee: Zhejiang Qifen Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Qifen Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-29
Filing date: 2019-01-29
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-29
Also published as: CN109759201A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a household garbage recycling treatment process. The process specifically comprises the steps of carrying out flotation classification on household garbage, then removing substances such as metal and the like, and then plasticizing and molding the residual components serving as regeneration raw materials to form a new environment-friendly product.

Description

Household garbage recycling treatment process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a household garbage recycling treatment process.

Background

Along with the rapid development of the socioeconomic rapid progress of China and the rapid improvement of the living standard of people, the garbage generated in the urban production and living process is rapidly increased, and the domestic garbage occupies land, pollutes the environment and has more obvious influence on the health of people. Specifically, household garbage has caused great harm: organic matters are rotten, compounds are decomposed, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, odor and other toxic and harmful gases are emitted, and the atmosphere is polluted; viruses, flora, ova and the like are propagated, bred and spread; pollutants permeate into the stratum along with sewage and flow into a river channel to pollute the land and an underground water system; the metals and their compounds are resolved or ionized, and pollute water and land.

The increasing of the amount of municipal domestic waste makes the waste treatment more and more difficult, and the problems of environmental pollution and the like caused by the increase gradually draw attention from all social circles. In China, to realize industrialization, resource utilization, reduction and harmlessness of municipal domestic garbage, domestic garbage which is mixed for collection, has low content and heat value of recoverable substances and high water content and biodegradable organic content of the garbage must be confronted. In response to these problems, various techniques are also applied.

At present, domestic and foreign treatment modes for domestic garbage are all insufficient, and the method mainly comprises the following aspects:

firstly, stacking after reduction or drying: upon moisture absorption or deliquescence, the material will mildew, smell and release pollutants.

Secondly, burying: occupies land, forms a long-term pollution source and pollutes underground water systems and land.

Thirdly, preparing compost: can cause the transfer and diffusion of pollutants, especially heavy metal pollutants, and directly pollute farmlands and plants.

Fourthly, incineration: a large amount of harmful gas, dioxin and furnace ash are generated, and the furnace ash contains the dioxin and heavy metals, so that the harm is great and the treatment is difficult.

Due to the lack of effective treatment technology and method, the contradiction between the domestic garbage and the living environment is increasingly prominent, even long-distance transportation is bred, the domestic garbage can be dumped to rural areas, rivers, lakes and seas, the criminal behavior of the steal is transferred, and the government is strictly under investigation and is still difficult to stop. Therefore, the exploration of the harmless treatment technology of urban and rural domestic garbage and sludge is very urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a domestic garbage recycling treatment process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a household garbage recycling treatment process comprises the following steps:

step one, crushing garbage, namely collecting the collected household garbage, conveying the household garbage to crushing equipment through a conveying belt to perform centralized crushing treatment on the household garbage, and crushing the household garbage into fine particles through the crushing treatment;

screening garbage, namely sorting the crushed household garbage, and removing glass, soil, metal and the like by sorting, wherein the specific sorting mode is to adopt an underwater flotation method for screening;

separately taking out part of the garbage with higher density which sinks into the water bottom or the lower layer by an underwater flotation method, further separating metal and nonmetal from the part of the garbage, and respectively recycling the metal part and the nonmetal part;

taking out part of the garbage with lower density on the middle upper layer or floating on the water surface by an underwater flotation method, taking the part of the garbage as recycled garbage, and carrying out the next treatment on the recycled garbage;

performing precipitation and solid-liquid separation on the generated wastewater by an in-water flotation method, performing sewage treatment on the upper-layer sewage, drying the precipitate and then recycling the dried precipitate as an organic fertilizer;

step three, garbage dehydration, namely dehydrating the screened part of garbage with lower density in an extrusion mode, and removing water in the garbage to obtain a recycled raw material;

step four, garbage pretreatment, namely, the dehydrated garbage, namely, the recycled raw materials are subjected to component ratio adjustment according to the actual situation requirements, or are subjected to pretreatment;

and step five, forming the garbage product, namely performing thermoplastic forming on the preprocessed recycled raw material by using a forming machine to obtain a corresponding recycled product.

Preferably, the first step includes a preliminary screening step, specifically, the preliminary screening is performed on the larger-sized metal and glass in the domestic waste.

Preferably, in the second step, when the part of the garbage on the middle upper layer or floating on the water surface in the water is taken out, a filter screen with the aperture of less than 0.5cm is adopted for filtering.

Preferably, in the third step, the recycled raw material obtained after the garbage dehydration is dried, and the drying mode is open air natural drying or equipment heating drying.

Preferably, before the step one, the household garbage is firstly dehydrated by adopting a preliminary extrusion dehydration operation.

Preferably, the equipment adopted for crushing the garbage in the step one is specifically as follows: comprises a crushing body, wherein the top of the crushing body is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower part or the bottom of the crushing body is provided with a discharging hole; a crusher is arranged below the feeding hole, the crusher comprises a first crushing cutter frame and a second crushing cutter frame which are respectively driven by a motor, the first crushing cutter frame and the second crushing cutter frame are arranged in a matched mode, the first crushing cutter frame and the second crushing cutter frame both comprise crushing rotating shafts, and crushing cutter teeth which are mutually matched are arranged on the crushing rotating shafts; the feeding port is provided with a feeding channel, a feeding cavity is arranged in the feeding channel, the inner wall of the feeding cavity is provided with a first ventilation opening, and the first ventilation opening is connected with an air purification device.

Preferably, the lower part of the pulverizer is provided with a scattering device, the scattering device comprises a first scattering frame and a second scattering frame which are matched with each other, the first scattering frame and the second scattering frame respectively comprise a scattering shaft and a plurality of scattering rods arranged on the scattering shaft, and the scattering rods are arranged on the scattering shaft in a surrounding and dispersing mode.

Preferably, a vibrating screen which is obliquely arranged is arranged below the scattering device.

Preferably, a guide plate is obliquely arranged below the vibrating screen, and the inclination direction of the guide plate is opposite to that of the vibrating screen.

Preferably, the lower end of the vibrating screen is provided with a first discharge hole, and the lower end of the guide plate is provided with a second discharge hole.

Preferably, the air purification device comprises a vent pipe and a treatment pool which are connected with the vent hole, the tail end of the vent pipe extends into the treatment pool filled with the treatment liquid, and a vent pump is arranged on the vent pipe.

Preferably, a second ventilation hole is formed in the body and the vibrating screen, connected with the ventilation pipe and guided to the treatment pool.

Preferably, the screening equipment for garbage treatment comprises a flotation tank, a feeding device, a first discharging device and a second discharging device; the feeding device is connected with the flotation tank from the outside, the lower end of the first discharging device is arranged at the middle upper part of the flotation tank, and the second discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank; the flotation tank is provided with an inclined bottom, a second discharge hole is formed in the lower position of the bottom of the flotation tank, and a second discharge device is arranged at the second discharge hole.

Preferably, the first discharging device is a screw conveying mechanism.

Preferably, the second discharging device is a screw conveying mechanism.

Preferably, a water outlet groove matched with the screw conveyor is arranged at the second discharging device, and a filter screen matched with the screw conveyor is arranged in the water outlet groove.

Preferably, material feeding unit links up with the feed inlet of flotation cell, and the feed inlet sets up with the first discharge gate in first discharging device's bottom relatively, is equipped with between feed inlet and first discharge gate and breaks up the device.

Preferably, the scattering device comprises a plurality of scattering mechanisms, and each scattering mechanism is arranged to gradually decrease from the feeding hole to the first discharging hole.

Preferably, a guide plate is arranged below the dispersing device, and the guide plate extends downwards from the lower part of the feeding hole to the position corresponding to the first discharging hole.

Preferably, a backflow port is arranged between the guide plate and the side wall of the flotation tank where the feed inlet is located at an interval.

Preferably, the bottom of the flotation tank is funnel-shaped.

Preferably, the scattering mechanism comprises a scattering shaft and a plurality of scattering rods arranged on the scattering shaft.

Preferably, the household garbage dewatering equipment comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a transmission mechanism and a dewatering device, wherein the motor is connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the dewatering device through the transmission mechanism; the dewatering device comprises a dewatering cylinder, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the side, close to the transmission mechanism, of the dewatering cylinder, and a discharge outlet is formed in the end, far away from the transmission mechanism, of the dewatering cylinder; a rotating shaft is arranged in the dewatering cylinder, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the transmission mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft extends to the discharge port and is fixed by the dewatering cylinder; the rotating shaft is provided with a conveying sheet which is spirally arranged around the rotating shaft;

the outer diameter of the rotating shaft at the feed inlet is smaller than that of the rotating shaft at the discharge outlet;

the height of the conveying piece at the feed port relative to the rotating shaft is greater than that of the conveying piece at the discharge port relative to the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the rotating shaft is gradually increased from the feeding port to the discharging port.

Preferably, the height of the conveying sheet on the rotating shaft is gradually narrowed from the feeding port to the discharging port.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the dewatering cylinder is gradually reduced from the feed opening end to the discharge opening end.

Preferably, a feeding hopper is arranged at the feeding port.

Preferably, a spiral guide sheet is arranged in the feeding hopper.

Preferably, a water outlet groove is formed in the bottom of the dewatering cylinder from the feeding port end to the discharging port end.

Preferably, the inner side wall of the water outlet groove is provided with a water outlet hole.

Preferably, the part or the whole of the rotating shaft positioned in the dewatering cylinder is a hollow shaft, and the wall of the shaft is provided with draining holes which communicate the inside and the outside of the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the discharge gate sets up ejection of compact structure, ejection of compact structure include with dehydration section of thick bamboo end fixing's play feed cylinder, go out the feed cylinder and have the cavity and be the unloading chamber, the unloading chamber is the heliciform, and the spiral end has the opening.

Preferably, the household garbage forming equipment comprises a motor, a high-pressure pump and a forming device, wherein the high-pressure pump is driven by the motor and is connected with the forming device through a high-pressure oil pipe; the forming device comprises a base and a support, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the base, a base is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder, a lower die is arranged on the base, an oil press is arranged above the hydraulic cylinder on the support, an upper die is arranged at the bottom of the oil press, the upper die corresponds to the lower die in position, and a high-pressure oil pipe is connected with the hydraulic cylinder and the oil press.

Preferably, the lower die is provided with a positioning rod, and the upper die is provided with a positioning hole matched with the positioning rod.

Preferably, a guide sliding rail is arranged below the lower die, the lower die is connected with the guide sliding rail in a sliding mode, and the guide sliding rail extends out of the support and is supported by the outer support frame.

Preferably, the guide slide rail is provided with a blanking cylinder at the outer side part of the support.

Preferably, the number of the guide slide rails is two, and the blanking cylinder is located between the two guide slide rails.

Preferably, a heating device is arranged in the upper die.

Preferably, a heating device is arranged in the lower die.

Preferably, a release agent spraying device is arranged on the support, and the position of the release agent spraying device corresponds to the upper die and the lower die.

Preferably, the release agent spraying device is positioned between the upper die and the lower die and can avoid when the upper die and the lower die are coincided.

Preferably, the system further comprises a control cabinet, and the control cabinet is connected with each component needing to be controlled according to needs.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the household garbage is crushed, and the powdery substances such as metal, glass and soil in the household garbage, which are not suitable for next treatment and utilization, are separated through crushing, so that the subsequent recycling operation is facilitated. The process eliminates the peculiar smell emission of the household garbage as much as possible, and avoids the pollution to the environment;

2. the crushed domestic garbage is subjected to flotation classification, and metal, ceramic, glass and the like with higher density can be separated out through the classification, and plastic and other organic matter components are reserved, so that the garbage is further recycled;

3. the water in the garbage with larger water content is removed, so that the garbage with the water removed can be further treated and utilized, the dehydration effect is good, and the dehydration efficiency is high;

4. the domestic waste raw materials for plasticization are pretreated, and through the pretreatment, the garbage can be preliminarily preheated to form a mixture with certain viscosity, so that the mixture is directly used for forming. Meanwhile, the proportion of the organic matters in the garbage can be adjusted according to the quantity of the organic matters in the garbage, so that a forming member with good forming effect and good quality can be obtained.

5. The domestic garbage treated in a certain amount is plasticized and formed, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, the operation threshold is low, the equipment investment is less, and the purpose of treating and utilizing the domestic garbage can be achieved by matching with the pretreatment of the domestic garbage.

6. The process can fully classify the domestic garbage, recover available metals and the like, plasticize and mold the regenerated raw materials containing more machineries to prepare molded products, and the molded products are mainly used as fillers to fill various bases, fixed piers and the like which need to bear loads.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the crushing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shredder of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the screening apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another configuration of the screening apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the dehydration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the dehydration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom outlet channel in the dewatering cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the outlet slot with water outlet holes;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of a rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the tapping structure of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the molding apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of another perspective of the forming apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the inventive molding apparatus;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the construction of the discharge die of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the stirring and blanking device of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the construction of the accessory feeding cartridge of the present invention.

In the figure:

101 crushing body, 102 feeding inlet, 103 discharging outlet, 104 crushing machine, 105 first crushing cutter frame, 106 second crushing cutter frame, 107 crushing rotating shaft, 108 crushing cutter teeth, 109 feeding channel, 110 feeding cavity, 111 first ventilation opening, 12 air purification device, 113 scattering device, 114 first scattering frame, 115 second scattering frame, 116 scattering shaft, 117 scattering rod, 118 vibrating screen, 119 flow guide plate, 120 first discharging outlet, 121 second discharging outlet, 122 ventilation pipe, 123 processing pool, 24 ventilation pump, 125 second ventilation opening, 126 driving system, 127 motor, 128 speed reducing system and 129 bearing system 129;

201 flotation cell, 202 material feeding unit, 203 first discharging device, 204 second discharging device, 205 second discharge gate, 206 play basin, 207 filter screen, 208 breaking up device, 209 breaking up mechanism, 210 guide board, 211 backward flow mouth, 212 breaking up axle, 213 breaking up pole, 214 first discharge gate.

301 motor, 302 speed reducer, 303 drive mechanism, 304 dewatering device, 305 dewatering barrel, 306 feed inlet, 307 discharge gate, 308 axis of rotation, 309 transport piece, 310 feed hopper, 311 guide piece, 312 play basin, 313 apopore, 314 waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall hole, 315 ejection of compact structure, 316 ejection of compact section of thick bamboo, 317 play material chamber.

The device comprises a 401 electric motor, a 402 high-pressure pump, a 403 forming device, a 404 high-pressure oil pipe, a 405 base, a 406 support, a 407 hydraulic cylinder, a 408 base, a 409 lower die, a 410 oil press, a 411 upper die, 412 positioning rods, 413 positioning holes, 414 guide slide rails, 415 outer support frames, 416 blanking air cylinders, 417 heating devices, 418 release agent spraying devices and 419 control cabinets.

501 feeding device, 502 compounding device, 503 feeding motor, 504 transmission device, 505 compounding motor, 506 first screw mixing, 507 second screw mixing, 508 auxiliary material feed opening, 509 mixing cylinder, 510 extrusion screw, 511 discharge die opening, 512 main body, 513 helical blade, 514 feeding inlet, 515 stirring and blanking device, 516 stirring cylinder, 517 stirrer, 518 auxiliary material feed cylinder, 519 feeder, 520 screw mixing mechanism.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by means of specific examples.

The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are those commonly used in the art, and the methods used in the examples are those conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.

A household garbage recycling treatment process, as shown in fig. 1, the process comprises:

step one, crushing garbage, namely collecting the collected household garbage, conveying the household garbage to crushing equipment through a conveying belt to perform centralized crushing treatment on the household garbage, and crushing the household garbage into fine particles through the crushing treatment; if necessary, the domestic garbage is subjected to a preliminary screening step, in particular to preliminary screening of large-size metal and glass in the domestic garbage. According to the actual situation, the domestic garbage can be dehydrated by adopting a preliminary extrusion dehydration operation.

taking out part of the garbage with lower density on the middle upper layer or floating on the water surface by an underwater flotation method, taking the part of the garbage as recycled garbage, and carrying out the next treatment on the recycled garbage; in the step, a filter screen with the aperture of less than 0.5cm is adopted for filtering according to needs in operation. Preventing the carrying of excessive silt and the like.

step three, garbage dehydration, namely dehydrating the screened part of garbage with lower density in an extrusion mode, and removing water in the garbage to obtain a recycled raw material; and drying the recycled raw materials obtained after the garbage dehydration according to needs, wherein the drying mode is open-air natural drying or equipment heating drying.

and step five, forming the garbage product, namely performing thermoplastic forming on the preprocessed recycled raw material by using a forming machine to obtain a corresponding recycled product. The specific forming temperature is controlled at 140-190 ℃.

The equipment is as follows:

the crushing device is specifically shown in fig. 2, and comprises a crushing body 101, wherein a feed inlet 102 is formed in the top of the crushing body 101, a discharge outlet 103 is formed in the lower part or the bottom of the crushing body 101, and a first discharge outlet 120 and a second discharge outlet 121 are specifically formed. Two discharge ports are respectively used for discharging dust components which can influence the follow-up recycling of the garbage, and the other discharge port is used for discharging the screened garbage.

Specifically, a crusher 104 is arranged below the feed inlet 102, the crusher 104 comprises a first crushing cutter holder 105 and a second crushing cutter holder 106 which are respectively driven by a motor, the first crushing cutter holder 105 and the second crushing cutter holder 106 are arranged in a matching manner, the first crushing cutter holder 105 and the second crushing cutter holder 106 both comprise a crushing rotating shaft 107, and crushing cutter teeth 108 which are mutually matched are arranged on the crushing rotating shaft 107; the two crushing tool rests are matched to crush the garbage, in order to improve the crushing effect, a feeding channel 109 is arranged at the feeding hole 102, the feeding channel 109 can ensure the uniformity of feeding, and the uniformity of feeding can improve reasonable feeding between the two crushing tool rests, so that the garbage can be better crushed; a feeding cavity 110 is arranged in the feeding channel 109, and the feeding cavity 110 can adjust the pressure in the feeding channel 109 after feeding to assist in improving the crushing effect; the inner wall of the feeding cavity 110 is provided with a first ventilation opening 111, and the first ventilation opening 111 is connected with an air purification device 112. The first ventilation opening 111 is used for extracting the odor in the feeding channel 109 and the feeding cavity 110, and then guiding the odor to the air purification device 112 for treatment, so as to avoid polluting the air environment.

As shown in fig. 2, a scattering device 113 is arranged below the pulverizer 104, the scattering device 113 includes a first scattering frame 114 and a second scattering frame 115 that are matched with each other, each of the first scattering frame 114 and the second scattering frame 115 includes a scattering shaft 116 and a plurality of scattering rods 117 disposed on the scattering shaft 116, and the scattering rods 117 are disposed on the scattering shaft 116 in a surrounding and scattering manner. The scattering device 113 can scatter garbage conglomerated due to crushing, so that fine particles in the garbage can be screened, and the subsequent recovery treatment can be influenced by the fine particles, so that the components can be separated from other components conveniently after scattered by the scattering device 113, as shown in fig. 2, a vibrating screen 118 obliquely arranged below the scattering device 113 is provided. The vibrating screen 118 is used to screen fine particles. A guide plate 119 is obliquely arranged below the vibrating screen 118, and the direction of inclination of the guide plate 119 is opposite to that of the vibrating screen 118. The guide plate 119 guides the screened fine particles to the discharge hole, so that a first discharge hole 120 is formed at the lower end of the vibrating screen 118, and a second discharge hole 121 is formed at the lower end of the guide plate 119. The second discharge port 121 discharges fine particles, and the rest of the garbage components are discharged from the first discharge port 120 for subsequent recycling.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air cleaning apparatus 112 comprises a ventilating pipe 122 connected to a ventilating opening and a treating tank 123, the end of the ventilating pipe 122 extends into the treating tank 123 containing a treating liquid, and a ventilating pump 24 is provided on the ventilating pipe 122. The odor guided by the ventilation pipe 122 enters the treatment tank 123 to be adsorbed, thereby preventing air pollution. Meanwhile, a second ventilating opening 125 is provided at the vibrating screen 118 of the body 1, and the second ventilating opening 125 is connected to the ventilating opening 122 and is guided to the treating tank 123. Thereby performing prevention and treatment through an upper layer and a lower layer.

As shown in fig. 3, in particular, the crusher 104 further comprises a driving system 126 for driving the first crushing blade carrier 105 and the second crushing blade carrier 106, and the driving system 126 comprises a motor 127, a speed reducing system 128 and a bearing system 129 for supporting the first crushing blade carrier 105 and the second crushing blade carrier 106. The shredder is powered by a drive system 126, in particular by the cooperation of a motor 127 and a reduction system 128, and cooperates with the first shredder blade carriage 105 and the second shredder blade carriage 106 via a bearing system 129.

This equipment can smash domestic waste to through smashing the powdery material that should not carry out next step processing utilization such as dust in with domestic waste and separate, thereby be convenient for subsequent recycling operation. The process eliminates the odor emission of the domestic garbage as much as possible and avoids the pollution to the environment.

The screening apparatus for domestic garbage, as shown in fig. 4, comprises a flotation tank 201 with a funnel-shaped bottom, a feeding device 202, a first discharging device 203 and a second discharging device 204. The garbage obtained in the previous step is conveyed to the flotation tank 201 by the feeding device 202, the garbage is classified by screening of the flotation tank 201, and the classified garbage is discharged from the first discharging device 203 and the second discharging device 204 respectively. According to the screening method, according to different densities of different domestic wastes, components such as ceramics, glass and metal with higher densities can be screened from the domestic wastes through the flotation tank, and most organic matters such as plastic paperboards are reserved, so that the subsequent treatment and utilization are facilitated.

The feeding device 202 is connected with the flotation tank 201 from the outside, the lower end of the first discharging device 203 is arranged at the middle upper part of the flotation tank 201, and the second discharging device 204 is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank 201; the flotation tank 201 is provided with an inclined bottom, a second discharge hole 205 is formed in the lower position of the bottom of the flotation tank 201, and the second discharge device 204 is arranged at the second discharge hole 205. The first discharging device 203 is a screw conveying mechanism. The second discharging device 204 is a screw conveying mechanism.

A water outlet groove 206 matched with the screw conveyor is arranged at the second discharging device 204, and a filter screen 207 matched with the screw conveyor is arranged in the water outlet groove 206.

As shown in fig. 5, in view of the above improvement, the feeding device 202 is connected to a feeding port of the flotation tank 201, the feeding port is arranged opposite to the first discharging port at the bottom of the first discharging device 203, and a scattering device 208 is arranged between the feeding port and the first discharging port 214. So that the garbage is discharged from the discharge port after being scattered by the scattering device 208 after being fed from the feed port. The scattering device 208 comprises a plurality of scattering mechanisms 209, and each scattering mechanism 209 is arranged to gradually decrease from the feeding port to the first discharging port and arranged in a line. And a guide plate 210 is arranged below the thrashing device, and the guide plate 210 extends obliquely downwards from the lower part of the feeding hole and extends to the corresponding part of the first discharging hole. The breaking mechanism 209 includes a breaking shaft 212 and a plurality of breaking rods 213 disposed on the breaking shaft 212. The scattering shaft 212 drives the scattering rod 213 to rotate ceaselessly to scatter the garbage, so that organic matters in the garbage can be conveniently separated from glass, ceramics and metals.

Meanwhile, a backflow port 211 is arranged between the guide plate 210 and the side wall of the flotation cell 201 where the feed port is located at an interval. The partial garbage can be conveniently floated after falling to the lower part of the guide plate 210.

As shown in fig. 6, the household garbage dehydration device comprises a motor 301, a speed reducer 302, a transmission mechanism 303 and a dehydration device 304, wherein the motor 301 is connected with the speed reducer 302, and the speed reducer 302 is connected with the dehydration device 304 through the transmission mechanism 303; the garbage is dewatered by a motor 301 through a speed reducer and then a dewatering device 304 driven by a transmission mechanism 303.

As shown in fig. 7, the dewatering device 304 comprises a dewatering cylinder 305, a feed inlet 306 is arranged at the top of the dewatering cylinder 305 near the side of the transmission mechanism 303, and a discharge outlet 307 is arranged at the end of the dewatering cylinder 305 far from the transmission mechanism 303; of course, the garbage with larger water content enters from the inlet, and then the dewatered garbage comes out from the outlet 307.

Specifically, a rotating shaft 308 is arranged in the dewatering cylinder 305, one end of the rotating shaft 308 is connected with the transmission mechanism 303, and the other end extends to the discharge port 307 and is fixed by the dewatering cylinder 305; the fixation ensures that the rotating shaft 308 can rotate, a conveying sheet 309 is arranged on the rotating shaft 308, and the conveying sheet 309 is spirally arranged around the rotating shaft 308; the conveying sheet 309 which is spirally surrounded can extrude and push the garbage to the discharge hole from the lower part of the feed hole, so that the moisture in the garbage is extruded under the action of pressure.

The feeding hole 306 is provided with a feeding funnel 310, a spiral guide piece 311 is arranged in the feeding funnel 310, the feeding funnel 310 facilitates feeding, but the direct feeding easily causes uneven distribution of garbage in the dehydration 5, so that a partial dehydration effect is not good, the guide piece 311 can guide the garbage to enter the dehydration cylinder 305 orderly and enter the interval of the spiral conveying piece 309 orderly, and the garbage is pushed by the conveying piece 309 to move towards the discharging hole.

In order to improve the dewatering effect, the following improvements are made:

firstly, the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 308 at the feed inlet 306 is smaller than that of the rotating shaft 308 at the discharge outlet 307; the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 308 gradually increases from the inlet 306 to the outlet 307.

Second, the height of the conveying sheet 309 at the inlet 306 relative to the rotating shaft 308 is greater than the height of the conveying sheet 309 at the outlet 307 relative to the rotating shaft 308. That is, in the drawing, the conveying blade 309 on the rotating shaft 308 is larger in size near the end of the transmission structure on the right side, and the conveying blade 309 on the rotating shaft 308 is smaller in size near the end of the discharge port. Specifically, the height of the conveying sheet 309 on the rotating shaft 308 gradually narrows from the inlet 306 to the outlet 307. This height is expressed as the size of transfer sheet 309.

Thirdly, the outer diameter of the dewatering cylinder 305 is gradually reduced from the feed inlet 306 end to the discharge outlet 307 end.

The above three points cooperate to improve the dewatering efficiency of the garbage in the dewatering cylinder 305, thereby improving the overall garbage disposal efficiency.

In the dewatering cylinder 305, water is squeezed out by squeezing, but the water is removed in time to ensure the dewatering effect of the garbage. In this application, a water outlet groove 312 is provided at the bottom of the dewatering cylinder 305 from the inlet 306 to the outlet 307, and a water outlet hole 313 is provided on the inner side wall of the water outlet groove 312, as shown in fig. 8 and 9.

The further improved drainage mode is that the part or the whole of the rotating shaft 308 positioned in the dewatering cylinder 305 is a hollow shaft, the wall of the shaft is provided with draining holes 314, the draining holes 314 communicate the inside and the outside of the rotating shaft 308, and because garbage contacts the inner walls of the rotating shaft 308 and the dewatering cylinder 305 and has certain pressure in the extrusion process, water is extruded out on two interfaces, so that the purpose of timely drainage can be achieved by draining water through the rotating shaft 308, and the drainage mode is specifically shown in fig. 10.

If the discharge gate is opened, must reduce the pressure that rubbish bore in dewatering cylinder 305, therefore discharge gate 307 sets up ejection of compact structure 315, and ejection of compact structure 315 guides the rubbish ejection of compact on the one hand, and on the other hand carries out orderly control to the ejection of compact, makes the discharge gate can bear certain pressure to improve the pressure that rubbish bore in dewatering cylinder 305, the increase of pressure must improve the dehydration effect of rubbish. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the discharging structure 315 includes a discharging barrel 316 fixed to an end of the dewatering barrel 305, the discharging barrel 316 has a cavity which is a discharging cavity 317, the discharging cavity 317 is an arc-shaped cavity, and an opening is formed at an end of the cavity. Specifically, the discharge chamber 317 is an arc-shaped chamber, and the angle of the arc is greater than 90 degrees. In this way, the discharging chamber 317 avoids the open state at the discharging port 307, so that the garbage can be discharged not so smoothly, the garbage bearing pressure in the dewatering cylinder 305 is increased, and the garbage dewatering effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 15-18, the household garbage pretreatment equipment comprises a feeding device 501 and a mixing device 502, wherein the feeding device 501 is used for feeding, the feeding device 501 comprises a feeding motor 503 and a transmission device 504, the transmission device 504 is driven by the feeding motor 503, and garbage raw materials are conveyed to the mixing device 502 by the feeding device;

the mixing device 502 comprises a mixing motor 505 and a screw mixing mechanism 520, and garbage raw materials are fed into the mixing device 502 through the feeding device 501 and then are treated by the mixing device 502 to achieve the purpose of pretreatment.

The screw mixing mechanism 520 comprises a first screw mixing 506 and a second screw mixing 507, and the screw mixing mechanism 520 is divided into the first screw mixing 506 and the second screw mixing 507, because the components in the household garbage are not fixed, when the content of organic matters in the household garbage is small, direct plasticizing and molding cannot be performed, and plastic components need to be added into the household garbage to improve the content of the plasticizing components, so that molding processing can be continued, and therefore, the first screw mixing 506 and the second screw mixing 507 are arranged to facilitate component adjustment in an intermediate link.

Specifically, the tail end of the conveying device 504 is connected with an inlet of a first screw mixing material 506, the tail end of the first screw mixing material 506 is communicated with the beginning end of a second screw mixing material 507, and an auxiliary material feeding port 508 is arranged between the tail end of the first screw mixing material 506 and the second screw mixing material 507; auxiliary materials are added into the auxiliary material feeding port 508, so that the aim of adjusting the garbage component proportion is fulfilled; regarding the structure of the first screw mixing material 506 and the second screw mixing material 507, both are composed of a mixing cylinder 509 and an internal extrusion screw 510, a heating device is arranged in the mixing cylinder 509, and the garbage material in the mixing cylinder 509 is preheated through the heating device, so that the pretreatment is completed. In order to improve partial melting and bonding of garbage components during pretreatment, a discharge port is arranged at the tail end of the second screw mixing barrel 507, a discharge die orifice 511 is arranged at the discharge port, the pressure in the mixing barrel 509 is increased through the discharge die orifice 511, the mixing effect is improved, and the garbage components are discharged in a certain form through the discharge die orifice 511.

Regarding to the problem of adjusting the component proportion of shaping raw materials rubbish, specifically set up auxiliary material feed cylinder 518 between first screw rod compounding 506 end and second screw rod compounding 507, auxiliary material charge door 508 sets up on auxiliary material feed cylinder 518, set up charging means 519 in auxiliary material feed cylinder 518, auxiliary material charging means 519 has entry and export, its entry is connected with first screw rod compounding 506 end, its export is connected with second screw rod compounding 507, charging means 519 outer wall is by entry to export taper formation toper structure, and have the space between its export and the compounding section of thick bamboo 509 of second screw rod compounding 507, auxiliary material charge door 508 feeds into wherein through this space. The auxiliary materials added in this way are mixed with the material coming out from the tail end of the first screw mixing material 506 along the outer wall of the auxiliary material feeder 519 and then enter the second screw mixing material 507, and finally the mixture is discharged through the discharging die opening 511.

As shown in fig. 16, the discharging die 511 includes an annular main body 512 connected to the discharging port, the main body 512 is connected to the second screw mixing material 507, a plurality of helical blades 513 are disposed in the main body 512, each helical blade 513 is polymerized in the center of the main body 512, and a blank area is disposed between each helical blade 513 for discharging. In addition, the axial included angle between the helical blade 513 and the mixing cylinder 509 is 10-45 degrees, the angle should not be too large or too small, otherwise, too large or too small resistance is caused, and the problems of unsmooth discharging and the like are caused.

The conveying device 504 is provided with a feeding inlet 514 for feeding, and a stirring and blanking device 515 is arranged at the feeding inlet 514 for fully mixing materials. As shown in fig. 18, the stirring and blanking device 515 includes a stirring cylinder 516 and a stirrer 517 in the stirring cylinder 516, the bottom of the stirring cylinder 516 has an outlet, which is communicated with the feeding inlet 514, and after the material is fed through the side wall of the stirring cylinder 516, the stirrer 517 performs preliminary mixing and stirring on the raw material, so as to facilitate the uniformity of the molding material.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the forming apparatus for household garbage includes a motor 401, a high pressure pump 402 and a forming device 403, wherein the high pressure pump 402 is driven by the motor 401, and the high pressure pump 402 is connected with the forming device 403 through a high pressure oil pipe 404; the high pressure pump 402 is powered by an electric motor 401 to provide pressure power and is transmitted to a forming device 403 through a high pressure oil line 404 for forming operation.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the forming device 403 in the present application includes a base 405 and a support 406, the support is disposed on the base, then a hydraulic cylinder 407 is disposed on the base 405, a base 408 is disposed on the hydraulic cylinder 407, and a lower mold 409 is disposed on the base 408; correspondingly, an oil press 410 is arranged above the hydraulic cylinder 407 on the bracket 406, an upper die 411 is arranged at the bottom of the oil press 410, the upper die 411 corresponds to the lower die 409 in position, the high-pressure oil pipe 404 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 407 and the oil press 410, the upper die 411 and the lower die 409 are closed to form a closed cavity under the action of the high-pressure oil pipe 404, and domestic garbage is extruded and molded under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 407 and the oil press 410 as long as the domestic garbage is put into the upper die 411 and the lower die 409. The hydraulic cylinder 407 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 407 is detected to adjust the biasing force of the hydraulic cylinder 407.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, a positioning rod 412 is provided on the lower die 409, a positioning hole 413 matching with the positioning rod 412 is provided on the upper die 411, and when the lower die 409 is moved upward and the upper die 411 is moved downward, and both dies are closed, the positioning rod 412 and the positioning hole 413 are engaged with each other.

As shown in fig. 12, a guide slide rail 414 is disposed below the lower mold 409, and the lower mold 409 is slidably connected to the guide slide rail 414, the guide slide rail 414 extends out of the support 406 and is supported by an outer support 415, and the guide slide rail 414 is used for guiding the lower mold 409 out of the support 406, so as to facilitate placing of materials on the lower mold 409, i.e. placing of garbage to be processed, and also facilitate unloading of the formed components. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 12, a blanking cylinder 416 is arranged on the guide slide rail 414 and located at the outer side portion of the support 406, two guide slide rails 414 are provided, the blanking cylinder 416 is located between the two guide slide rails 414, and when the lower mold 409 is transferred to the outside of the support 406 under the action of the guide slide rails 414, the unloading of the molded component is assisted by the blanking cylinder 416. The specific unloading mode is as follows: the blanking cylinder 416 may vibrate the lower mold 409 to facilitate blanking of the component, or the blanking cylinder 416 may lift up a portion of the lower mold 409 to facilitate separation of the component from the lower mold 409, which requires that the lower mold 409 be composed of multiple parts, and the blanking cylinder 416 may act on a portion of the lower mold 409.

As shown in fig. 12, a heating device 417 is provided in the upper die 411, and a heating device 417 is also provided in the lower die 409. The shaping of rubbish can not leave the control of temperature, through setting up heating device, can conveniently control rubbish under suitable temperature, conveniently forms more closely knit qualified shaping component.

As shown in fig. 14, a mold release agent spraying device 418 is provided on the holder 406, the mold release agent spraying device 418 is positioned to correspond to the upper mold 411 and the lower mold 409, and the mold release agent spraying device 418 is used to spray a mold release agent onto the upper mold 411 and the lower mold 409, and the mold release agent can be sprayed to facilitate blanking of the molded member. Specifically, the release agent spraying device 418 is provided on the holder 406 between the upper die 411 and the lower die 409, and can be retracted when the upper die 411 and the lower die 409 are mated. The specific avoiding mode is that the release agent spraying device 418 can rotate relative to the bracket 406, when the release agent needs to be sprayed, the release agent is deeply inserted between the upper die 411 and the lower die 409, and after the spraying is finished, the release agent is rotated and transferred to the outside of the area covered by the upper die 411 and the lower die 409.

The above components are controlled by hydraulic pressure and electric power, therefore, a control cabinet 419 is provided, the control cabinet 419 provides electric power and control operation, the control cabinet 419 is connected with the components to be controlled according to requirements, and the operation of the whole forming machine is controlled by a control cabinet 9.

Through the process, the household garbage can be classified and screened, the metal and other substances can be recycled, the high-density substances such as ceramics and glass can be subjected to centralized treatment, the components with high organic matter content can be subjected to plasticizing molding by using the regenerated raw materials, and various molded products can be manufactured according to actual needs.

And (3) carrying out heavy metal detection on the formed product, wherein the detection result shows that:

cadmium (Cd): < 100ppm, lead (Pb): < 1000ppm, mercury (Hg): < 1000ppm, hexavalent chromium (Cr6 +): < 1000ppm, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs): < 1000ppm, polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs): < 1000ppm

Phthalate detection shows that the mass percentages of DEHP, DBP and BBP contained in the paint are less than 0.1%.

Through detection, the product prepared by the method meets the environmental protection standard.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A household garbage recycling treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

screening garbage, namely sorting the crushed household garbage, and removing glass, soil and metal by sorting, wherein the specific sorting mode is to adopt an underwater flotation method for screening;

taking out part of the garbage with lower density which is positioned at the middle upper layer in the water or floats on the water surface as recycled garbage by an underwater flotation method, and carrying out the next treatment on the recycled garbage;

step four, garbage pretreatment, namely, the adjustment of the component ratio of the dehydrated garbage, namely, the recycled raw materials according to the actual situation requirements;

step five, forming the garbage product, namely performing thermoplastic forming on the preprocessed recycled raw material by using a forming machine to obtain a corresponding recycled product;

in the second step, when taking out partial garbage on the middle upper layer or floating on the water surface, filtering by using a filter screen with the aperture of less than 0.5 cm;

the equipment adopted for garbage dehydration in the third step is specifically as follows: the automatic dewatering device comprises a motor (301), a speed reducer (302), a transmission mechanism (303) and a dewatering device (304), wherein the motor (301) is connected with the speed reducer (302), and the speed reducer (302) is connected with the dewatering device (304) through the transmission mechanism (303); the dewatering device (304) comprises a dewatering cylinder (305), a feed inlet (306) is formed in the top of the side, close to the transmission mechanism (303), of the dewatering cylinder (305), and a discharge outlet (307) is formed in the end, far away from the transmission mechanism (303), of the dewatering cylinder (305); a rotating shaft (308) is arranged in the dewatering cylinder (305), one end of the rotating shaft (308) is connected with the transmission mechanism (303), and the other end of the rotating shaft (308) extends to the discharge hole (307) and is fixed by the dewatering cylinder (305); a conveying sheet (309) is arranged on the rotating shaft (308), and the conveying sheet (309) is spirally arranged around the rotating shaft (308);

the outer diameter of the rotating shaft (308) at the feed port (306) is smaller than that of the rotating shaft (308) at the discharge port (307); the outer diameter of the rotating shaft (308) is gradually increased from the feed port (306) to the discharge port (307);

the height of the conveying sheet (309) at the feed port (306) relative to the rotating shaft (308) is greater than the height of the conveying sheet (309) at the discharge port (307) relative to the rotating shaft (308); the height of the conveying sheet (309) on the rotating shaft (308) is gradually narrowed from the feed port (306) to the discharge port (307);

the outer diameter of the dewatering cylinder (305) is gradually reduced from the feed inlet (306) end to the discharge outlet (307) end;

a feeding funnel (310) is arranged at the feeding hole (306), and a spiral guide piece (311) is arranged in the feeding funnel (310);

the discharging port (307) is provided with a discharging structure (315), the discharging structure (315) comprises a discharging barrel (316) fixed with the end part of the dewatering barrel (305), and the discharging barrel (316) is provided with a discharging cavity (317); the discharging cavity (317) is an arc-shaped cavity, and the arc-shaped angle is larger than 90 degrees;

the equipment adopted for garbage pretreatment in the fourth step is specifically as follows: the automatic material mixing device comprises a feeding device (501) and a material mixing device (502), wherein the feeding device (501) comprises a feeding motor (503) and a transmission device (504), the transmission device (504) is driven by the feeding motor (503), the material mixing device (502) comprises a material mixing motor (505) and a screw material mixing mechanism (520), the screw material mixing mechanism (520) comprises a first screw material mixing (506) and a second screw material mixing (507), the tail end of the transmission device (504) is connected with the inlet of the first screw material mixing (506), and the tail end of the first screw material mixing (506) is communicated with the initial end of the second screw material mixing (507); the first screw mixing (506) and the second screw mixing (507) are both composed of a mixing barrel (509) and an internal extrusion screw (510), a heating device is arranged in the mixing barrel (509), a discharge hole is arranged at the tail end of the second screw mixing (507), and a discharge die opening (511) is arranged at the discharge hole;

an auxiliary material feeding barrel (518) is arranged between the tail end of the first screw mixing material (506) and the second screw mixing material (507), an auxiliary material feeding port (508) is arranged on the auxiliary material feeding barrel (518), and a feeder (519) is arranged in the auxiliary material feeding barrel (518); the feeder (519) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the feeder (519) is connected with the tail end of the first screw mixing material (506), the outlet of the feeder (519) is connected with the second screw mixing material (507), the outer wall of the feeder (519) is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet to form a conical structure, and a hole is formed between the outlet of the feeder (519) and the mixing barrel (509).

2. The domestic garbage recycling treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the first step comprises a preliminary screening step, specifically, the preliminary screening is performed on the larger-sized metal and glass in the domestic garbage.

3. The recycling process of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the recycled raw material obtained by dehydrating the garbage is dried in the open air natural drying mode or the equipment heating drying mode.

4. The recycling process of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein before the first step, the household garbage is first dewatered by a preliminary squeezing dewatering operation.

5. The household garbage recycling treatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushing equipment adopted in the step one garbage crushing specifically comprises:

comprises a crushing body (101), wherein the top of the crushing body (101) is provided with a feeding hole (102), and the lower part or the bottom of the crushing body (101) is provided with a discharging hole (103); a crusher (104) is arranged below a feeding hole (102) formed in the top of the crushing body (101), the crusher (104) comprises a first crushing cutter frame (105) and a second crushing cutter frame (106) which are respectively driven by a motor, the first crushing cutter frame (105) and the second crushing cutter frame (106) are arranged in a matched mode, the first crushing cutter frame (105) and the second crushing cutter frame (106) both comprise a crushing rotating shaft (107), and crushing cutter teeth (108) which are matched with each other are arranged on the crushing rotating shaft (107); a feeding channel (109) is arranged at a feeding hole (102) formed in the top of the crushing body (101), a feeding cavity (110) is formed in the feeding channel (109), a first ventilation opening (111) is formed in the inner wall of the feeding cavity (110), and the first ventilation opening (111) is connected with an air purification device (112); the lower part of the pulverizer (104) is provided with a scattering device (113), the scattering device (113) comprises a first scattering frame (114) and a second scattering frame (115) which are matched with each other, the first scattering frame (114) and the second scattering frame (115) comprise scattering shafts (116) and a plurality of scattering rods (117) arranged on the scattering shafts (116), and the scattering rods (117) are arranged on the scattering shafts (116) in a surrounding and dispersing mode.

6. The household garbage recycling treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the screening equipment adopted in the garbage screening in the second step is specifically: comprises a flotation tank (201), a feeding device (202), a first discharging device (203) and a second discharging device (204); the outer part of the feeding device (202) is connected with the flotation tank (201), the lower end of the first discharging device (203) is arranged at the middle upper part of the flotation tank (201), and the second discharging device (204) is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank (201); the flotation tank (201) is provided with an inclined bottom, a second discharge hole (205) is formed in the lower position of the bottom of the flotation tank (201), and the second discharge device (204) is arranged at the second discharge hole (205); the first discharging device (203) is a spiral conveying mechanism; the second discharging device (204) is a spiral conveying mechanism.

7. The household garbage recycling process according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the forming machine for forming the garbage products is specifically: the device comprises a motor (401), a high-pressure pump (402) and a forming device (403), wherein the high-pressure pump (402) is driven by the motor (401), and the high-pressure pump (402) is connected with the forming device (403) through a high-pressure oil pipe (404); the forming device (403) comprises a base (405) and a support (406), a hydraulic cylinder (407) is arranged on the base (405), a base (408) is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder (407), a lower die (409) is arranged on the base (408), an oil press (410) is arranged above the hydraulic cylinder (407) on the support (406), an upper die (411) is arranged at the bottom of the oil press (410), the upper die (411) corresponds to the lower die (409), and high-pressure oil pipes (404) are connected with the hydraulic cylinder (407) and the oil press (410); a positioning rod (412) is arranged on the lower die (409), and a positioning hole (413) matched with the positioning rod (412) is arranged on the upper die (411); a guide sliding rail (414) is arranged below the lower die (409), the lower die (409) is connected with the guide sliding rail (414) in a sliding mode, and the guide sliding rail (414) extends out of the support (406) and is supported by an outer support frame (415).