CN109739014A - A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star - Google Patents
A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star is related to space optical remote technical field, it solves not having and takes into account small size, simple structure, it can guarantee satellite under quick motion state the problem of the optical system of Fast Digital Image Stabilization and progress image shift compensation simultaneously, system includes aperture diaphragm, main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, third off axis reflector mirror, fast mirror and detector, the position of aperture diaphragm is overlapped with the position of main off axis reflector mirror, the optical axis of main off axis reflector mirror, the optical axis of secondary off axis reflector mirror and the optical axis of detector are parallel to each other, light is successively reflected through main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror reflection, the reflection of third off axis reflector mirror, it is incident on detector after fast mirror reflection.The configuration of the present invention is simple, achievable small volume can be realized the wide spectrum imaging that the panchromatic spectral coverage of visible light to short-wave infrared spectral coverage is imaged, and can be realized Fast Digital Image Stabilization and image shift compensation, are particularly suitable for acting on moonlet larger field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to space optical remote technical fields, and in particular to a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star.
Background technique
Space remote sensing technology be all the time measure national science and technology level important indicator and every country it is competing
The technology mutually grasped and strongly developed, it is widely used in military surveillance exploration, environment and disaster surveillance, weather forecast, photography
The key areas such as mapping, agricultural development.Remote sensing camera is the emphasis developed in recent years, and telemetering sensing capability is high efficiency now
One of the mostly important means of Earth Information are obtained, but its temporal resolution is limited by satellite revisiting period.Super large
Breadth earth observation can effectively shorten the revisiting period of satellite target over the ground, significantly improve the timeliness of detection information.Whole star is fast
Pendulum can effectively realize super large breadth using sweeping imaging, however the movement of the quick sweeping in vertical flight direction will lead to exposure at
As generating relative motion between ground object target and detector 5 in the time, the mistake for leading to imaging as shifting and image jitter problem is brought
Very, difficulty is brought to image mosaic, is unfavorable for realizing super large breadth.It solves the problems, such as this method to be to be to meet mapping precision
It is required that the optical imaging system with fast mirror 4 (Fast Steer Mirror, abbreviation FSM).
FSM technology changes optical path, so that detecting within 5 time of integration of detector by the mobile optical element of movement mechanism
Device 5 and scene are opposing stationary, realize compensation, steady picture during the motion.FSM has the advantage that first is that bandwidth is high, response speed
Fastly;Second is that positioning accuracy is high, microradian the grade even positioning of sub-micro radian grade can be realized.Satellite during earth observation,
Due to the track movement of satellite platform, on a large scale motor-driven and earth rotation movement etc. is read fastly, will form the picture shifting of camera image planes
Vector needs FSM to carry out motion compensation to keep camera image planes and atural object opposing stationary, as shown in Figure 1, p is along rail side
To;Q is to wear rail direction (level is to the left);M is substar optical axis direction, sets m as the optical axis before the rotation adjustment of fast mirror 4
Direction;N is FSM scanning element optical axis direction, and n corresponds to fast mirror 4 and rotates optical axis direction adjusted;Satellite carries out a wide range of
When swinging imaging, fast mirror 4 turns over the angle θ, and the light beam of reflection can turn over 2 angles θ, and the m of corresponding diagram 1 turns to p, quick reflex
After mirror 4 adjusts, keeps the focal plane 6 of optical system to stablize, i.e., compensation, steady picture are realized by FSM technology.When satellite carries out big model
When enclosing swing imaging, by the rotation of fast mirror 4 in optical system, it ensure that the camera image planes of satellite are opposite with atural object quiet
Only, it can be seen that, FSM realizes compensation, steady picture while motor-driven realization super large breadth is imaged satellite on a large scale.Currently,
FSM is mainly used in space interference measurement, laser communication, the image stabilization of aerial camera etc..But due to space remote sensing phase
The security classification of machine is higher, and the related data that related FSM is applied to space camera imaging is less, the KH-12 remote sensing satellite in the U.S.,
High resolution reaches 0.1m, and research work is broadly divided into two parts: one is image motion compensation, and two be fast anti-mirror motion compensation.
James's weber telescope in the U.S. uses Cassegrain's formula structure, and FSM is equipped at image planes, realizes image shift compensation and steady
Picture.Huge Magellan Telescope uses the structure similar with James's weber telescope, and secondary mirror FSM realizes image shift compensation
With steady picture.Foreign countries are currently in monopoly position, therefore, design a kind of novel light with FSM put fastly suitable for the whole star of satellite
System is of great importance.
Now there are refraction type, reflective and refraction-reflection three types applied to the optical system form of space camera.Satellite
Under the premise of certain altitude, the ground pixel resolution and covered ground width of system depend primarily on the angular resolution of system
And field angle, and the angular resolution of optical system is improved with the increase of system Entry pupil diameters.But the increase of Entry pupil diameters, meaning
Taste all relevant to aperture aberrations increase.It is restricted by the factors such as mechanics, calorifics, pressure in space environment, when focal length increases
It is added to (usual 300mm or more) to a certain degree, optical system generally uses reflective or refraction-reflection type scheme.This is because with coke
Away from increase, the volume and weight of optical system is presented geometric multiple and increases, under the limitation of certain volume, compared to reflective
Optical system, the focal length of refractive optical system is difficult to do greatly, and under same volume, the focal length of reflective optical system is than refraction
Formula optical system is 5~7 times big.In reflective optical system, off-axis reflection optical system is increasingly becoming Optical System Design and grinds
The hot spot studied carefully, being primarily due to off-axis reflection optical system compared to axis reflector optical system does not have central obscuration, light-use
Rate is high, and the ratio axis reflector systems that visual field can be done are much larger.Therefore off-axis reflection optical system is in current space remote sensing
And multispectral imaging field plays increasingly important role.However there is also one for traditional off-axis reflection optical system
Some insufficient, such as volume is excessive and structure not enough simplifies, without taking into account small size, simple structure while can guarantee satellite
The optical system of Fast Digital Image Stabilization and progress image shift compensation under quick motion state.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star.
Used technical solution is as follows in order to solve the technical problem by the present invention:
A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star, including aperture diaphragm, main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror,
Third off axis reflector mirror, fast mirror and detector, the position of the aperture diaphragm are overlapped with the position of main off axis reflector mirror,
The optical axis of the optical axis of the main off axis reflector mirror, the optical axis of secondary off axis reflector mirror and detector is parallel to each other, and light is successively through master
Detection is incident on after the reflection of off axis reflector mirror, the reflection of secondary off axis reflector mirror, the reflection of third off axis reflector mirror, fast mirror reflection
On device.
It further, further include the voice coil motor for connecting fast mirror, voice coil motor is for driving fast mirror.
Further, the main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror and third off axis reflector mirror are all made of negative power
High order aspheric surface mirror, fast mirror use plane mirror.
Further, the material of the main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, third off axis reflector mirror or fast mirror
Material is beryllium.
Further, the material of the main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, third off axis reflector mirror or fast mirror
Material is silicon carbide.
Further, the main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, third off axis reflector mirror or fast mirror is anti-
The face of penetrating is coated with aluminium mirror coating or is coated with silver-colored reflectance coating.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, by the rotation of fast mirror in optical system, distant target successively passes through main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off-axis
Reflecting mirror, third off axis reflector mirror, fast mirror reflection, are irradiated to detector image planes, ensure that distant target is imaged on spy
It surveys in device image planes, camera image planes and the atural object for realizing satellite are opposing stationary.
2, the configuration of the present invention is simple, it can be achieved that small volume, it can be achieved that transverse and longitudinal size is the 0.3-0.6 of focal length
Times.
3, main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, third off axis reflector mirror, quickly anti-while guaranteeing small in size
It penetrates that mirror space length is reasonable, is conducive to the rotation of FSM, realize Fast Digital Image Stabilization and image shift compensation.
4, main off axis reflector mirror, secondary off axis reflector mirror, the third off axis reflector mirror, fast mirror of optical system of the present invention
Quadrilateral space is spatially formed, structural support and adjustment are easy to implement.
5, it is of the invention it is a kind of refracting element is free of suitable for the optical system that whole star is put fastly, therefore be imaged spectral coverage compared with
Width can be realized the wide spectrum imaging that the panchromatic spectral coverage of visible light to short-wave infrared spectral coverage is imaged, be particularly suitable for acting on moonlet
Larger field, the optical system of wide spectrum camera are advantageously implemented big breadth, high-resolution imaging, and application field includes space
Observation, space investigation etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fast mirror surely picture, image shift compensation schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure chart of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star of the invention.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of MTF of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star of the invention schemes.
In figure: 1, main off axis reflector mirror, 2, secondary off axis reflector mirror, 3, third off axis reflector mirror, 4, fast mirror, 5, spy
Survey device, 6, focal plane.
Specific embodiment
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is further described in detail.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
To be implemented using other than the one described here other modes, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by described below
Specific embodiment limitation.
A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star, including aperture diaphragm, main off axis reflector mirror 1, secondary off axis reflector mirror
2, third off axis reflector mirror 3, fast mirror 4 and detector 5.Structure is as shown in Figure 2.The optical axis of main off axis reflector mirror 1, it is secondary from
The optical axis of axis reflecting mirror 2 and three optical axises of optical axis person of detector 5 are parallel to each other.The position of aperture diaphragm and main off axis reflector mirror
1 position is overlapped.Light exposes on main off axis reflector mirror 1, and light is reflexed to time off axis reflector mirror 2 by main off axis reflector mirror 1,
Light is reflexed to third off axis reflector mirror 3 again by secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, and third off axis reflector mirror 3 reflexes to light quickly anti-
Mirror 4 is penetrated, fast mirror 4 again reflexes to light on detector 5.
I.e. above-mentioned optical system is off-axis three transconfiguration of compact with fast mirror 4, main off axis reflector mirror
1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3 are high order aspheric surface relative to inclined light shaft and bias, are used as to visual field
Image quality in angle optimizes.Main off axis reflector mirror 1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3, fast mirror 4 exist
Spatially form quadrilateral space.The reflecting surface of main off axis reflector mirror 1 is oppositely arranged with time reflecting surface of off axis reflector mirror 2, secondary
The reflecting surface of off axis reflector mirror 2 and the reflecting surface of third off axis reflector mirror 3 are oppositely arranged, the reflecting surface of third off axis reflector mirror 3
It is oppositely arranged with the reflecting surface of fast mirror 4, the reflecting surface and 5 receiving plane of detector of fast mirror 4 are oppositely arranged.
It can be imaged in 5 receiving plane of detector, use to be able to achieve the target (and distant objects) of larger field
A kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star of the invention, infinite point target are reflected into time off-axis through main off axis reflector mirror 1
On reflecting mirror 2, after secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, it is irradiated on third off axis reflector, after third off axis reflector, is irradiated to
On fast mirror 4, by the reflection of fast mirror 4, it is irradiated to 5 image planes of detector (i.e. 5 receiving plane of detector).When defending
When star carries out wide swing imaging, in order to realize that distant target still is able to be imaged in 5 image planes of detector, it need to pass through
The rotation of FSM in optical system.Distant target successively passes through main off axis reflector mirror 1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector
Mirror 3, fast mirror 4 reflect, and are irradiated to 5 image planes of detector, ensure that distant target is imaged in 5 image planes of detector, realize
The camera image planes and atural object of satellite are opposing stationary.
It is of the invention it is a kind of refracting element is free of suitable for the optical system that whole star is put fastly, therefore it is wider to be imaged spectral coverage,
It can be realized the wide spectrum imaging that the panchromatic spectral coverage of visible light to short-wave infrared spectral coverage is imaged.Focal length of the invention is larger, Neng Gouman
Foot is put fastly based on whole star and realizes face resolution ratio higher while realizing super large breadth.The present invention is not only simple in structure and can be real
Existing small volume is, it can be achieved that transverse and longitudinal size is 0.3-0.6 times of focal length.The main off axis reflector mirror of optical system of the present invention
1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3, fast mirror 4 spatially form quadrilateral space, are easy to implement knot
Structure support and adjustment.While guaranteeing small in size, space length is reasonable between each reflecting mirror, is conducive to the rotation of FSM, real
Existing Fast Digital Image Stabilization and image shift compensation.Optical system of the invention is the imaging mode design that whole star is put fastly, and whole chromatogram may be implemented
The wide spectrum imaging of section is particularly suitable for acting on moonlet larger field, and the optical system of wide spectrum camera is advantageously implemented big
Breadth, high-resolution imaging, application field include space observation, space investigation etc..
Above-mentioned fast mirror 4 is plane mirror, is driven using voice coil motor, i.e., optical system further includes voice coil electricity
Machine, voice coil motor connect fast mirror 4, for effectively realizing image shift compensation and steady picture, according to the variation of satellite imagery posture
Corresponding adjustment is made to FSM.The reception image planes of detector 5 are placed on front and the fixation of fast mirror 4.
Main off axis reflector mirror 1 uses the high order aspheric surface mirror of negative power, and secondary off axis reflector mirror 2 uses the height of negative power
Secondary aspherical mirror, third off axis reflector mirror 3 is using the high order aspheric surface mirror of negative power, and fast mirror 4 is using plane reflection
Mirror.
In main off axis reflector mirror 1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3 and fast mirror 4 in the present invention
Some or all of, the beryllium material that specific stiffness is big, density is small, specific heat capacity is big, pyroconductivity is high can be used, be advantageously implemented light weight
Change, thermostabilization.It can also be using the carbofrax material that specific stiffness is big, density is small, specific heat capacity is big, thermal expansion coefficient is small.
The reflecting surface of main off axis reflector mirror 1 in the present invention is plated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material,
The reflecting surface of secondary off axis reflector mirror 2 is plated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material, third off axis reflector mirror 3 it is anti-
The face of penetrating is plated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material, and the reflecting surface of fast mirror 4 is plated with aluminium or ag material
Metal high reflectance reflectance coating, i.e. reflecting surface is coated with aluminium mirror coating or is coated with silver-colored reflectance coating.
Preferable embodiment of the invention are as follows: the ground resolution of satellite is set as G, orbit altitude H, imaging breadth is L,
5 pixel dimension of detector is P, and imaging ray mean wavelength is λ, then focal length F=HP/G, optical system bore D minimum dimension
For 1.089 λ H/G, optical system field of view angle 2W is about L/H.When entire optical system is when focal length is 1000mm, field angle is
At 5 °, optical system lateral dimension of the invention is less than 400mm, and longitudinal size is less than 600mm, and optical system small volume is horizontal
Longitudinal size is 0.3-0.6 times of focal length.Main off axis reflector mirror 1, secondary off axis reflector mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3 and quickly
Reflecting mirror 4 all uses the reflecting mirror of beryllium material, light-weight, is easy to implement structural support and adjustment.Main off axis reflector mirror 1, it is secondary from
Space length is reasonable between axis reflecting mirror 2, third off axis reflector mirror 3 and fast mirror 4, is conducive to the rotation of FSM.Such as Fig. 3
For MTF curve figure, curve a is diffraction limit, and curve b is the MTF curve figure of optical system of the invention, it can be seen that MTF is bent
Line is close to diffraction limit, that is to say, that optical system optical imaging effect of the invention is good, and in Fig. 3, T indicates meridian direction S
Indicate sagitta of arc direction, T is mutually perpendicular to S, and DEG indicates angle, the mtf value weight of meridian direction T and sagitta of arc direction S in MTF curve
The b curve in as figure is closed, " TS-1.7500DEG " is T-1.7500DEG and S-1.7500DEG, and " T-1.7500DEG " is indicated
Deviate 1.75 degree of meridian direction (taking clockwise as positive direction), i.e., deviates 1.75 ° of meridian direction in the counterclockwise direction;"S-
1.7500DEG " deviates 1.75 degree of sagitta of arc direction (taking clockwise as positive direction), i.e., deviates sagitta of arc direction in the counterclockwise direction
1.75°.Known to similarly " TS 0.0000DEG ", " TS 2.5000DEG ", " TS -2.5000DEG " and " TS 1.7500DEG ",
" TS DIFF LINIF " is the automatic subsidiary output of ZAMAX optical design software.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star, which is characterized in that including aperture diaphragm, main off axis reflector mirror (1), secondary
Off axis reflector mirror (2), third off axis reflector mirror (3), fast mirror (4) and detector (5), the position of the aperture diaphragm with
The position of main off axis reflector mirror (1) is overlapped, the optical axis of the main off axis reflector mirror (1), the optical axis of secondary off axis reflector mirror (2) and spy
The optical axis for surveying device (5) is parallel to each other, and light is successively through the reflection of main off axis reflector mirror (1), secondary off axis reflector mirror (2) reflection, third
It is incident on detector (5) after off axis reflector mirror (3) reflection, fast mirror (4) reflection.
2. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include that connection is quick
The voice coil motor of reflecting mirror (4), voice coil motor is for driving fast mirror (4).
3. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the main off axis reflector
Mirror (1), secondary off axis reflector mirror (2) and third off axis reflector mirror (3) are all made of the high order aspheric surface mirror of negative power, quick reflex
Mirror (4) uses plane mirror.
4. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the main off axis reflector
Mirror (1), secondary off axis reflector mirror (2), third off axis reflector mirror (3) or fast mirror (4) material be beryllium.
5. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the main off axis reflector
Mirror (1), secondary off axis reflector mirror (2), third off axis reflector mirror (3) or fast mirror (4) material be silicon carbide.
6. a kind of optical system put fastly suitable for whole star as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the main off axis reflector
Mirror (1), secondary off axis reflector mirror (2), third off axis reflector mirror (3) or fast mirror (4) reflecting surface be coated with aluminium mirror coating or
It is coated with silver-colored reflectance coating.
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Cited By (6)
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CN111399077A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Optical satellite imaging system and imaging method |
CN111561936A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-21 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Precise processing method and system for rotating large-breadth optical satellite |
CN112285913A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Double-fast-reflection-mirror imaging system for compensating image motion |
CN112730298A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 中船重工安谱(湖北)仪器有限公司 | Small reflective off-axis telemetering calibration system for FTIR front end |
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CN114660792A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-06-24 | 成都浩孚科技有限公司 | Reflection type afocal optical system |
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CN111399077A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Optical satellite imaging system and imaging method |
CN111399077B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Optical satellite imaging system and imaging method |
CN111561936A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-21 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Precise processing method and system for rotating large-breadth optical satellite |
CN113848638A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Micro LED optical system with dynamic compensation function |
CN113848638B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2024-03-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Micro LED optical system with dynamic compensation function |
CN112285913A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Double-fast-reflection-mirror imaging system for compensating image motion |
CN112285913B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-09-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Dual-fast-reflection mirror imaging system capable of compensating image shift |
CN112730298A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 中船重工安谱(湖北)仪器有限公司 | Small reflective off-axis telemetering calibration system for FTIR front end |
CN112730298B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-01-25 | 中船重工安谱(湖北)仪器有限公司 | Small reflective off-axis telemetering calibration system for FTIR front end |
CN114660792A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-06-24 | 成都浩孚科技有限公司 | Reflection type afocal optical system |
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