CN107843343A - Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector - Google Patents

Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107843343A
CN107843343A CN201711177778.XA CN201711177778A CN107843343A CN 107843343 A CN107843343 A CN 107843343A CN 201711177778 A CN201711177778 A CN 201711177778A CN 107843343 A CN107843343 A CN 107843343A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lens
polarization
battle array
face battle
cmos detector
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Pending
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CN201711177778.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
钟兴
苏志强
李艳杰
孟遥
刘江
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Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co Ltd
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Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711177778.XA priority Critical patent/CN107843343A/en
Publication of CN107843343A publication Critical patent/CN107843343A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/447Polarisation spectrometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2803Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823Imaging spectrometer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00Measuring polarisation of light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00Measuring polarisation of light
    • G01J4/04Polarimeters using electric detection means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2803Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
    • G01J2003/28132D-array
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2803Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
    • G01J2003/2816Semiconductor laminate layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823Imaging spectrometer
    • G01J2003/2826Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, include successively from left to right:Big field optical imaging system, bandpass filter, polarization beam splitter, face battle array cmos detector and electronics process circuit;Wherein:Large visual field optical system, it is made up of 15 spherical lenses being arranged in order;Face battle array cmos detector, it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), realizes that face battle array device replaces linear array device by the windowing function of cmos detector, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.The system visual field of the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention can reach 83.7 °, simultaneously effective eliminates distortion, aberration, while light path and reaches quasi- image space telecentricity, has higher image quality.

Description

Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector
Technical field
The invention belongs to space remote sensing and technical field of mapping, and what is be related to is a kind of based on the inclined of monolithic face battle array cmos detector Shake multispectral aerial surveying camera.
Background technology
Optical remote sensing technology according to detect target reflection electromagnetic wave different qualities be divided into intensity remote sensing, spectral remote sensing with And polarization remote sensing, in the last few years, the three line scanner Detection Techniques developed again for the purpose of stereo mapping, and succeeded satellite, Applied on space shuttle.Above remote sensing technology is able to obtain the information of target from different aspect, passes through different information Fusion, the more information of target can be obtained.Spectrographic detection technology is comparatively ripe, and three line scanner three-dimensional probe typically passes through With certain three optical systems for intersecting angle, the mode for obtaining the information of target different directions goes to realize, such system Weight is big, is not suitable for the working environment of the platforms such as unmanned plane.Polarization Detection requires that the real-time of the target polarization information obtained is high, The mode simultaneity of rotatory polarization piece is poor, divides the polarization information that the modes such as amplitude, point aperture and point focal plane obtain simultaneously Property is higher, but cost is higher.
The content of the invention
The invention solves technical problem of the prior art, there is provided a kind of polarization based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector Multispectral aerial surveying camera.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is specific as follows:
A kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, includes successively from left to right:Big visual field Optical imaging system, bandpass filter, polarization beam splitter, face battle array cmos detector and electronics process circuit;Wherein:
Large visual field optical system, it is by the first lens to the 8th lens for being arranged in order, and the tenth lens are to the 16th Lens totally 15 spherical lenses composition, wherein the first lens, the 4th lens, the 6th lens, the 8th lens, the 11st lens, the 13 lens, the 15th lens, the 16th lens are positive lens, the second lens, the 3rd lens, the 5th lens, the 7th lens, Ten lens, the 12nd lens, the 14th lens are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm is between the 8th lens and the tenth lens;
Face battle array cmos detector, it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), and face battle array device is realized by the windowing function of cmos detector Instead of linear array device, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, by the windowing of face battle array cmos detector realize to the forward sight of target, face and after Depending on detection.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, three line scanner solid is realized by way of face battle array cmos detector is combined single-lens Mapping.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, realized by plating the polarization beam splitter in different polarization direction in detector protecting window The acquisition of polarization characteristic, realize multispectral Polarization Detection.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is necessary to which the Stokes for obtaining target reflecting light is sweared when carrying out Polarization Detection to target Measure S=[I, Q, U, V];It it is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 ° by plating polarization direction in the positive viewed area of face battle array cmos detector Polarization beam splitter, target is obtained in the polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions, the polarization of target reflecting light is obtained according to formula (1) State;
Wherein, I, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction, And then the degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and figure Picture;
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention is a kind of multi-functional push-broom type three Linear array aerial surveying camera, under conditions of using only an optical system, target optical spectrum, geometry, polarization and space can be obtained and stood Body information, while there is the advantages of small volume, in light weight, integrated level is high and obtains abundant information.
The system visual field of the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention can reach 83.7 °, simultaneously effective eliminate distortion, aberration, while light path and reach quasi- image space telecentricity, there is higher image quality.
In order to realize the fusion of a variety of detection modes, while light, the miniaturization of remote sensor are realized, the present invention is surpassed by one The mode that big visual field, quasi- image space telecentric optical system are combined with the extensive face battle array cmos detector of monolithic, utilizes cmos device The characteristic of windowing is supported, effectively reduces the weight of photo electric imaging system, reduces the installation difficulty of focal plane, the system should The information of various dimensions can be obtained during for airborne and spaceborne RS simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is aerial surveying camera system structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is optical system structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that planar array detector realizes stereo mapping principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is multispectral Polarization Detection principle schematic.
Reference in figure is expressed as:
1st, 4,6,8,11,13,15,16 be positive lens;2nd, 3,5,7,10,12,14 be negative lens;9- aperture diaphragms;17- melts Quartz;18- detector protecting windows;19- image planes;
The big field optical imaging systems of 20-;21- bandpass filters;22- polarization beam splitters;23- faces battle array cmos detector; 24- electronics process circuits.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is a kind of novel optical remote sensing system, is provided simultaneously with spectrographic detection, and Polarization Detection and three line scanner are three-dimensional The ability of imaging detection, whole system include successively from left to right:Big field optical imaging system 20, bandpass filter 21, partially Shake spectro-film 22, face battle array cmos detector 23 and electronics process circuit 24.
In order to realize the ability of optical remote sensing system multi-aspect information acquisition, it is desirable to which optical system has higher imaging Index, mainly include:(1) optical system that tie detector uses should possess higher spatial resolution;(2) optical system has There is good image quality, mainly include the correction of the aberrations such as aberration, distortion;(3) to ensure the operating efficiency of instrument, system should This has larger visual field;(4) in order to ensure the image quality of different visual fields, it is desirable to which the system of design is telecentric structure.Knot Close and state four point requirements, the large visual field optical system structure of design by the lens 8 of the first lens 1 to the 8th that are arranged in order, and The lens 16 of tenth lens 10 to the 16th totally 15 lens composition, optical system structure as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the first lens 1st, the 4th lens 4, the 6th lens 6, the 8th lens 8, the 11st lens 11, the 13rd lens 13, the 15th lens the 15, the 16th Lens 16 are positive lens, the second lens 2, the 3rd lens 3, the 5th lens 5, the 7th lens 7, the tenth lens 10, the 12nd lens 12nd, the 14th lens 14 are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm 9 is between the 8th lens 8 and the tenth lens 10, optical system and detection It is the parallel flat of fused quartz 17 and detector protecting window 18 respectively between device, material BK7.Image planes 19 are located at detector protection The right side of window 18.
The visual field of the optical system of design is 83,7 °, focal length 40mm, in typical flying height 400m during using unmanned plane as platform Under conditions of resolution ratio can reach 0.05m.Along direction of beam propagation, light passes through the lens of the first lens 1 to the 8th successively 8, aperture diaphragm 9, the lens 16 of the tenth lens 10 to the 16th and fused quartz 17 and detector protecting window 18, and it is imaged on picture Plane.Wherein optical element is spherical lens, and optical material used includes H-ZK11, H-LaK2, ZF13, H-FK61, H- ZBAF3、ZF6、H-ZK9A.Three groups of cemented doublets and one group of three balsaming lens are included in the design of optical system, passes through glue Aberration and the distortion of system can effectively be corrected by closing the use of lens.Pass through the spacing of reasonably optimizing above optical element, half Footpath so that optical system reaches quasi- image space telecentricity, and distortion is good with chromatic aberration correction.Transmission function reaches at nyquist frequency 0.42, broadband achromatism is realized, and the distortion of system is less than 0.04%.
After the light of different visual fields is by optical system, the separation of different spectral coverage is realized by filter coating, is realized multispectral Detectivity.Specific implementation is:In the bandpass filters of the surface of fused quartz 17 plating different spectral coverage, light passes through filter coating Afterwards, it is imaged on the pixel of detector, the characteristic of windowing is supported by being designed to reading circuit using cmos detector, Optionally pixel is read, and then push-scanning image is realized by platform motion.A plurality of bandpass filter is plated on fused quartz Film, you can realize multispectral imaging.The system devises 7 imaging spectral coverages altogether, wherein, central vision and front and rear edges visual field The panchromatic spectral coverage of corresponding visible ray, other 4 spectral deployings are in positive apparent direction.The setting of bandpass filters is as shown in Figure 3.
According to the three of setting panchromatic spectral coverages, it is possible to achieve three line scanner three-dimensional probe, its realization mechanism are as shown in Figure 4.Edge The direction of platform motion, when being detected to same target, the forward sight of system, is faced and the visual field of rear apparent direction is right successively Target is imaged.The inside and outside element of orientation of combining camera can carry out stereo mapping to target.
, it is necessary to obtain the Stokes vector S=[I, Q, U, V] of target reflecting light during to target progress Polarization Detection.It is right In natural target, it is considered that circular component V can ignore, i.e., only need to obtain first three component of Stokes vector. By plating the polarization beam splitter that polarization direction is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 ° in the positive viewed area of cmos imaging detector, obtain Target obtains the polarization state of target reflecting light in the polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions according to formula (1).
Wherein, I, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction, And then the degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and figure Picture.
The specific implementation of Polarization Detection be face battle array cmos detector face part plate polarization direction be 0 °, 45 °, The polarization beam splitter of 90 ° and 135 ° four polarization directions, when platform passes through target, the pixel in different polarization direction is with quickly Speed, into polarization image, ensures the real-time that target polarization is imaged to same target.Handled by follow-up data, by (1), (2) Formula is by calculating the polarization information of target.Its Polarization Detection implementation is shown in Fig. 4.
Photo electric imaging system by carrying out above-mentioned design can be provided simultaneously with three line scanner three-dimensional probe, more spectral coverages detection with And the ability of Polarization Detection, the dimension for obtaining information is greatly extended, can provide target more information.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that wrap successively from left to right Include:Big field optical imaging system (20), bandpass filter (21), polarization beam splitter (22), face battle array cmos detector (23) with And electronics process circuit (24);Wherein:
Big field optical imaging system (20) is by the first lens (1) for being arranged in order to the 8th lens (8), and the tenth lens (10) to the 16th lens (16), totally 15 spherical lenses form, wherein the first lens (1), the 4th lens (4), the 6th lens (6), the 8th lens (8), the 11st lens (11), the 13rd lens (13), the 15th lens (15), the 16th lens (16) are Positive lens, it is the second lens (2), the 3rd lens (3), the 5th lens (5), the 7th lens (7), the tenth lens (10), the 12nd saturating Mirror (12), the 14th lens (14) are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm (9) is between the 8th lens (8) and the tenth lens (10);
Face battle array cmos detector (23), it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), and face battle array device is realized by the windowing function of cmos detector Instead of linear array device, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.
2. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that Realized to the forward sight of target, faced and backsight detects by the windowing of face battle array cmos detector (23).
3. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that Single-lens three-linear array stereo mapping is realized by way of face battle array cmos detector (23) is combined.
4. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that The acquisition of polarization characteristic is realized by plating the polarization beam splitter in different polarization direction in detector protecting window (18), is realized more Spectrum polarizing detects.
5. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that , it is necessary to obtain the Stokes vector S=[I, Q, U, V] of target reflecting light during to target progress Polarization Detection;By in face battle array The polarization beam splitter that the positive viewed area plating polarization direction of cmos detector (23) is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 °, obtains target and exists The polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions, the polarization state of target reflecting light is obtained according to formula (1);
Wherein, I, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction, and then The degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and image;
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CN201711177778.XA 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector Pending CN107843343A (en)

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CN113049503A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-06-29 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 High-resolution large-width multispectral noctilucent remote sensing system
CN113758566A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-07 长春理工大学 Off-axis three-mirror multi-spectral-band polarization imaging detection optical system
CN117031698A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-11-10 中国科学技术大学 Multispectral wide-angle lens

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CN1677167A (en) * 2004-11-16 2005-10-05 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 Three-wire array CCD push-scanning type polarization imaging detection device
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CN103487921A (en) * 2013-09-30 2014-01-01 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Optical system of large-visual-field high-resolution three-linear-array stereo aerial surveying camera
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CN113758566A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-07 长春理工大学 Off-axis three-mirror multi-spectral-band polarization imaging detection optical system
CN117031698A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-11-10 中国科学技术大学 Multispectral wide-angle lens
CN117031698B (en) * 2023-09-11 2024-06-11 中国科学技术大学 Multispectral wide-angle lens

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