CN107843343A - Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector - Google Patents
Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN107843343A CN107843343A CN201711177778.XA CN201711177778A CN107843343A CN 107843343 A CN107843343 A CN 107843343A CN 201711177778 A CN201711177778 A CN 201711177778A CN 107843343 A CN107843343 A CN 107843343A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
- G01J4/04—Polarimeters using electric detection means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
- G01J2003/2813—2D-array
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
- G01J2003/2816—Semiconductor laminate layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
- G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, include successively from left to right:Big field optical imaging system, bandpass filter, polarization beam splitter, face battle array cmos detector and electronics process circuit;Wherein:Large visual field optical system, it is made up of 15 spherical lenses being arranged in order;Face battle array cmos detector, it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), realizes that face battle array device replaces linear array device by the windowing function of cmos detector, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.The system visual field of the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention can reach 83.7 °, simultaneously effective eliminates distortion, aberration, while light path and reaches quasi- image space telecentricity, has higher image quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space remote sensing and technical field of mapping, and what is be related to is a kind of based on the inclined of monolithic face battle array cmos detector
Shake multispectral aerial surveying camera.
Background technology
Optical remote sensing technology according to detect target reflection electromagnetic wave different qualities be divided into intensity remote sensing, spectral remote sensing with
And polarization remote sensing, in the last few years, the three line scanner Detection Techniques developed again for the purpose of stereo mapping, and succeeded satellite,
Applied on space shuttle.Above remote sensing technology is able to obtain the information of target from different aspect, passes through different information
Fusion, the more information of target can be obtained.Spectrographic detection technology is comparatively ripe, and three line scanner three-dimensional probe typically passes through
With certain three optical systems for intersecting angle, the mode for obtaining the information of target different directions goes to realize, such system
Weight is big, is not suitable for the working environment of the platforms such as unmanned plane.Polarization Detection requires that the real-time of the target polarization information obtained is high,
The mode simultaneity of rotatory polarization piece is poor, divides the polarization information that the modes such as amplitude, point aperture and point focal plane obtain simultaneously
Property is higher, but cost is higher.
The content of the invention
The invention solves technical problem of the prior art, there is provided a kind of polarization based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector
Multispectral aerial surveying camera.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is specific as follows:
A kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, includes successively from left to right:Big visual field
Optical imaging system, bandpass filter, polarization beam splitter, face battle array cmos detector and electronics process circuit;Wherein:
Large visual field optical system, it is by the first lens to the 8th lens for being arranged in order, and the tenth lens are to the 16th
Lens totally 15 spherical lenses composition, wherein the first lens, the 4th lens, the 6th lens, the 8th lens, the 11st lens, the
13 lens, the 15th lens, the 16th lens are positive lens, the second lens, the 3rd lens, the 5th lens, the 7th lens,
Ten lens, the 12nd lens, the 14th lens are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm is between the 8th lens and the tenth lens;
Face battle array cmos detector, it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), and face battle array device is realized by the windowing function of cmos detector
Instead of linear array device, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, by the windowing of face battle array cmos detector realize to the forward sight of target, face and after
Depending on detection.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, three line scanner solid is realized by way of face battle array cmos detector is combined single-lens
Mapping.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, realized by plating the polarization beam splitter in different polarization direction in detector protecting window
The acquisition of polarization characteristic, realize multispectral Polarization Detection.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is necessary to which the Stokes for obtaining target reflecting light is sweared when carrying out Polarization Detection to target
Measure S=[I, Q, U, V];It it is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 ° by plating polarization direction in the positive viewed area of face battle array cmos detector
Polarization beam splitter, target is obtained in the polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions, the polarization of target reflecting light is obtained according to formula (1)
State;
Wherein, I0°, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction,
And then the degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and figure
Picture;
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention is a kind of multi-functional push-broom type three
Linear array aerial surveying camera, under conditions of using only an optical system, target optical spectrum, geometry, polarization and space can be obtained and stood
Body information, while there is the advantages of small volume, in light weight, integrated level is high and obtains abundant information.
The system visual field of the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector of the present invention can reach
83.7 °, simultaneously effective eliminate distortion, aberration, while light path and reach quasi- image space telecentricity, there is higher image quality.
In order to realize the fusion of a variety of detection modes, while light, the miniaturization of remote sensor are realized, the present invention is surpassed by one
The mode that big visual field, quasi- image space telecentric optical system are combined with the extensive face battle array cmos detector of monolithic, utilizes cmos device
The characteristic of windowing is supported, effectively reduces the weight of photo electric imaging system, reduces the installation difficulty of focal plane, the system should
The information of various dimensions can be obtained during for airborne and spaceborne RS simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is aerial surveying camera system structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is optical system structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that planar array detector realizes stereo mapping principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is multispectral Polarization Detection principle schematic.
Reference in figure is expressed as:
1st, 4,6,8,11,13,15,16 be positive lens;2nd, 3,5,7,10,12,14 be negative lens;9- aperture diaphragms;17- melts
Quartz;18- detector protecting windows;19- image planes;
The big field optical imaging systems of 20-;21- bandpass filters;22- polarization beam splitters;23- faces battle array cmos detector;
24- electronics process circuits.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is a kind of novel optical remote sensing system, is provided simultaneously with spectrographic detection, and Polarization Detection and three line scanner are three-dimensional
The ability of imaging detection, whole system include successively from left to right:Big field optical imaging system 20, bandpass filter 21, partially
Shake spectro-film 22, face battle array cmos detector 23 and electronics process circuit 24.
In order to realize the ability of optical remote sensing system multi-aspect information acquisition, it is desirable to which optical system has higher imaging
Index, mainly include:(1) optical system that tie detector uses should possess higher spatial resolution;(2) optical system has
There is good image quality, mainly include the correction of the aberrations such as aberration, distortion;(3) to ensure the operating efficiency of instrument, system should
This has larger visual field;(4) in order to ensure the image quality of different visual fields, it is desirable to which the system of design is telecentric structure.Knot
Close and state four point requirements, the large visual field optical system structure of design by the lens 8 of the first lens 1 to the 8th that are arranged in order, and
The lens 16 of tenth lens 10 to the 16th totally 15 lens composition, optical system structure as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the first lens
1st, the 4th lens 4, the 6th lens 6, the 8th lens 8, the 11st lens 11, the 13rd lens 13, the 15th lens the 15, the 16th
Lens 16 are positive lens, the second lens 2, the 3rd lens 3, the 5th lens 5, the 7th lens 7, the tenth lens 10, the 12nd lens
12nd, the 14th lens 14 are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm 9 is between the 8th lens 8 and the tenth lens 10, optical system and detection
It is the parallel flat of fused quartz 17 and detector protecting window 18 respectively between device, material BK7.Image planes 19 are located at detector protection
The right side of window 18.
The visual field of the optical system of design is 83,7 °, focal length 40mm, in typical flying height 400m during using unmanned plane as platform
Under conditions of resolution ratio can reach 0.05m.Along direction of beam propagation, light passes through the lens of the first lens 1 to the 8th successively
8, aperture diaphragm 9, the lens 16 of the tenth lens 10 to the 16th and fused quartz 17 and detector protecting window 18, and it is imaged on picture
Plane.Wherein optical element is spherical lens, and optical material used includes H-ZK11, H-LaK2, ZF13, H-FK61, H-
ZBAF3、ZF6、H-ZK9A.Three groups of cemented doublets and one group of three balsaming lens are included in the design of optical system, passes through glue
Aberration and the distortion of system can effectively be corrected by closing the use of lens.Pass through the spacing of reasonably optimizing above optical element, half
Footpath so that optical system reaches quasi- image space telecentricity, and distortion is good with chromatic aberration correction.Transmission function reaches at nyquist frequency
0.42, broadband achromatism is realized, and the distortion of system is less than 0.04%.
After the light of different visual fields is by optical system, the separation of different spectral coverage is realized by filter coating, is realized multispectral
Detectivity.Specific implementation is:In the bandpass filters of the surface of fused quartz 17 plating different spectral coverage, light passes through filter coating
Afterwards, it is imaged on the pixel of detector, the characteristic of windowing is supported by being designed to reading circuit using cmos detector,
Optionally pixel is read, and then push-scanning image is realized by platform motion.A plurality of bandpass filter is plated on fused quartz
Film, you can realize multispectral imaging.The system devises 7 imaging spectral coverages altogether, wherein, central vision and front and rear edges visual field
The panchromatic spectral coverage of corresponding visible ray, other 4 spectral deployings are in positive apparent direction.The setting of bandpass filters is as shown in Figure 3.
According to the three of setting panchromatic spectral coverages, it is possible to achieve three line scanner three-dimensional probe, its realization mechanism are as shown in Figure 4.Edge
The direction of platform motion, when being detected to same target, the forward sight of system, is faced and the visual field of rear apparent direction is right successively
Target is imaged.The inside and outside element of orientation of combining camera can carry out stereo mapping to target.
, it is necessary to obtain the Stokes vector S=[I, Q, U, V] of target reflecting light during to target progress Polarization Detection.It is right
In natural target, it is considered that circular component V can ignore, i.e., only need to obtain first three component of Stokes vector.
By plating the polarization beam splitter that polarization direction is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 ° in the positive viewed area of cmos imaging detector, obtain
Target obtains the polarization state of target reflecting light in the polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions according to formula (1).
Wherein, I0°, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction,
And then the degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and figure
Picture.
The specific implementation of Polarization Detection be face battle array cmos detector face part plate polarization direction be 0 °, 45 °,
The polarization beam splitter of 90 ° and 135 ° four polarization directions, when platform passes through target, the pixel in different polarization direction is with quickly
Speed, into polarization image, ensures the real-time that target polarization is imaged to same target.Handled by follow-up data, by (1), (2)
Formula is by calculating the polarization information of target.Its Polarization Detection implementation is shown in Fig. 4.
Photo electric imaging system by carrying out above-mentioned design can be provided simultaneously with three line scanner three-dimensional probe, more spectral coverages detection with
And the ability of Polarization Detection, the dimension for obtaining information is greatly extended, can provide target more information.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that wrap successively from left to right
Include:Big field optical imaging system (20), bandpass filter (21), polarization beam splitter (22), face battle array cmos detector (23) with
And electronics process circuit (24);Wherein:
Big field optical imaging system (20) is by the first lens (1) for being arranged in order to the 8th lens (8), and the tenth lens
(10) to the 16th lens (16), totally 15 spherical lenses form, wherein the first lens (1), the 4th lens (4), the 6th lens
(6), the 8th lens (8), the 11st lens (11), the 13rd lens (13), the 15th lens (15), the 16th lens (16) are
Positive lens, it is the second lens (2), the 3rd lens (3), the 5th lens (5), the 7th lens (7), the tenth lens (10), the 12nd saturating
Mirror (12), the 14th lens (14) are negative lens, and aperture diaphragm (9) is between the 8th lens (8) and the tenth lens (10);
Face battle array cmos detector (23), it is used as focal plane arrays (FPA), and face battle array device is realized by the windowing function of cmos detector
Instead of linear array device, and then the installation for improving focal plane component integrates precision.
2. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that
Realized to the forward sight of target, faced and backsight detects by the windowing of face battle array cmos detector (23).
3. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that
Single-lens three-linear array stereo mapping is realized by way of face battle array cmos detector (23) is combined.
4. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that
The acquisition of polarization characteristic is realized by plating the polarization beam splitter in different polarization direction in detector protecting window (18), is realized more
Spectrum polarizing detects.
5. the polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera according to claim 1 based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector, it is characterised in that
, it is necessary to obtain the Stokes vector S=[I, Q, U, V] of target reflecting light during to target progress Polarization Detection;By in face battle array
The polarization beam splitter that the positive viewed area plating polarization direction of cmos detector (23) is 0 °, 90 ° 45 ° and 135 °, obtains target and exists
The polarized light intensity of this four polarization directions, the polarization state of target reflecting light is obtained according to formula (1);
Wherein, I0°, I90°, I45°, I135°Respectively polarization direction is the polarized light intensity in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° direction, and then
The degree of polarization and polarization azimuth of reflected light can be calculated by formula (2), so as to obtain the polarization data of target and image;
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CN111796397A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Athermal visible light aerial surveying and mapping camera optical system and camera |
CN113049503A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | High-resolution large-width multispectral noctilucent remote sensing system |
CN113758566A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-07 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three-mirror multi-spectral-band polarization imaging detection optical system |
CN117031698A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multispectral wide-angle lens |
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CN113049503A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | High-resolution large-width multispectral noctilucent remote sensing system |
CN113758566A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-07 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three-mirror multi-spectral-band polarization imaging detection optical system |
CN117031698A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multispectral wide-angle lens |
CN117031698B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-06-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multispectral wide-angle lens |
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