CN109709266A - Vertical well multilayer oil reservoir flow simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Vertical well multilayer oil reservoir flow simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109709266A CN109709266A CN201811464961.2A CN201811464961A CN109709266A CN 109709266 A CN109709266 A CN 109709266A CN 201811464961 A CN201811464961 A CN 201811464961A CN 109709266 A CN109709266 A CN 109709266A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and provides a vertical well multilayer reservoir flow simulation experiment device and a method, which are used for experimental research on the high-temperature high-pressure longitudinal heterogeneous multilayer reservoir water-drive oil flow simulation law in a fracturing well chamber in the petroleum industry. The experimental device and the method provided by the invention can truly simulate the flow rule of the heterogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir, and have the advantages of safe and simple operation, high automation degree and high result reliability. The fluid flow rule of the heterogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir is disclosed, a theoretical basis is provided for solving the contradiction between the reservoir stratum and the interlayer, reasonable production measures are formulated, and the oil reservoir development effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas field development technical fields, and in particular to a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device
And method.
Background technique
With deepening continuously for China's onshore petroleum industry exploration and development, in incremental reserves dense thin sand and mud interstratification accounting by
Year increases.Such oil reservoir sand, mud layer interaction development, layer is more, thin, and the physical differences such as reservoir porosity, permeability are big, development difficulty
Greatly.In order to realize that water drive measure is usually taken in the effective exploitation of alternate thin beds reservoir, but developed by long-term injecting water, in reservoir layer,
Interlayer contradiction is more prominent, and injection water is advanced by leaps and bounds along hypertonic band or macropore, water drive involve less than region remaining oil be largely enriched with,
Non-available water circulation is serious, influences oil field and normally develops.In order to improve such effect of reservoir development, need to disclose non-homogeneous multi-layer oil
Fluid flowing law is hidden, to solve in reservoir layer, interlayer contradiction, reasonable production measure is formulated and theoretical foundation is provided.
Experiment simulation is the main means for studying reservoir fluid flowing law.Currently, can be divided according to rock core type are as follows: day
The displacements such as right rock core (API rock core, full-hole core), artificial core (specification is customizable), sandpack column and flat plate model
Experiment.It can parallel connection by the above different rock cores, string for strong heterogeneous reservoir plane and longitudinal fluid flow displacement test
Connection etc. is realized, but not can be carried out the heterogeneous displacement test with different injection production well arrangements of high temperature and pressure lower plane and studied.Patent of invention
" heterogeneous multi-layer core holding unit ", " a kind of longitudinal direction and plane heterogeneous plate models oil-water displacement efficiency experimental method " " are used for
Heterogeneous multi-layer core holding unit of CT scan " etc. provides non-homogeneous multi-layer reservoir simulator and method, but the rock core
It is multi-layer planar, the height fluctuations of the reservoir of true oil reservoir cannot be embodied, meanwhile, pit shaft simulator, crossflow
The parts such as monitoring, the rock core crack production of remaining oil distribution prison, confining pressure loading device do not clearly state.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment devices, disclose non-homogeneous multi-layer oil
Fluid flowing law is hidden, to solve in reservoir layer, interlayer contradiction, reasonable production measure is formulated and theoretical foundation is provided.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment methods, improve heterogeneous
Stratified reservoir development effectiveness.
Technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, including the injection pump, intermediate receptacle, rock being sequentially communicated by pipeline
Heart clamp holder and extraction fluid flow metering system, the core holding unit are connected with confining pressure loading system and potential monitoring system, institute
It states core holding unit and is externally provided with insulating box.
The core holding unit is cube, and the core holding unit includes simulated injection pit shaft, gum cover, confining pressure load sky
Chamber and simulation extraction pit shaft, the gum cover are set to outside gum cover for wrapping up simulation core, the confining pressure load cavity, the rock core
Each side of clamper is folded from inside to outside by multiple confining pressures load cavity, each confining pressure load cavity respectively with confining pressure
Loading system is connected;
The simulated injection pit shaft and simulation extraction pit shaft are vertically arranged along the diagonal line of cube and communicate with simulation core,
The simulated injection pit shaft and simulation extraction pit shaft include simulation wellbore hole internal layer and simulation wellbore hole outer layer, in the simulation wellbore hole
Layer is set in simulation wellbore hole outer layer and the two circumferentially opposed can move, and is all provided on the simulation wellbore hole internal layer and simulation wellbore hole outer layer
There are multiple boreholes, the out of phase of the simulation wellbore hole internal layer is equipped with the borehole of different number.
The potential monitoring system includes the measuring electrode being sequentially connected electrically, transmission cable, A/D change-over panel and computer,
The measuring electrode be it is multiple, equidistantly distribute each layer in simulation core.
The confining pressure loading system includes confining pressure pump and control cabinet, and the control cabinet is electrically connected with confining pressure pump, the extraction
The exit of fluid flow metering system is equipped with backpressure pump.
A kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method uses straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, packet
Include following steps:
Step 1) makes simulation core;
Simulation core is fitted into core holding unit by step 2, is wrapped up with gum cover;
Step 3) opens the confining pressure pump in confining pressure loading system, to experiment setting pressure and keeps permanent to simulation core plus confining pressure
It is fixed;
Simulation core is vacuumized injection saturation water flooding by step 4);
Step 5) opens insulating box and core holding unit is heated to experiment set temperature and is kept constant;
Step 6) opens injection pump and adds displacement pressure, by the simulated formation oil injection core holding unit in intermediate receptacle, makes oil
With constant speed, water in displacement vertical heterogeneity simulation core measures each layer of displacement with extraction fluid flow metering system respectively
Water and oil mass out, the layer is closed when a certain layer establishes the irreducible water saturation of setting, until all layers all establish
The experiment of oil expelling water terminates when irreducible water saturation;
Step 7) adjusts constant pressure, the speed of constant speed injection pump according to the injection rate of experimental design;
Step 8) adds displacement pressure by injection pump, by the simulated formation water in intermediate receptacle, to test the constant-velocity of setting
Flood pot test is carried out in injection core holding unit, then according to a series of injection pore volume multiple values of experimental design, is used
Extraction fluid flow metering system measures the accumulative displacement oil pump capacity and water of each layer of each pore volume injected Imitating rock core respectively
Amount, and outlet pressure is recorded with pressure measurement device record inlet pressure, pressure measurement device, when the moisture content of a certain layer reaches
The layer is closed when 100%, until experiment terminates when all layers of moisture content all reaches 100%;
Injection pore volume, the as simulation core pair corresponding to the uniformity coefficient height of all layers of step 9) of displacement oil pump capacity
Injection pore volume when the non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir construction answered.
The simulation core is by natural core or Artificial Core Making, first according to reality when the simulation core makes
Oil reservoir spread, height fluctuating situation make model base, later according to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, successively process, simulation core
Bottom agree with model base.
Process using Artificial Core Making simulation core is as follows: using epoxy resin and difference according to actual reservoir physical property
The mixing manufacture of partial size quartz sand, mixing are completed to be placed on model base, are press-formed, successively process;
After epoxy resin and the mixing of different-grain diameter quartz sand it is not yet cementing before, by the measuring electrode and biography of potential monitoring system 10
Transmission cable is embedded in each layer, while crack being arranged in layers, and each layer is separately added into different lanthanide series tracers.
Process using natural core production simulation core is as follows: being cut, is polished to natural core, makes rock core and mould
Type pedestal agrees with, and according to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, successively processes rock core.
During flood pot test, each position resistivity is obtained by potential monitoring system, analyzes each layer remaining oil
Cloth situation, while by interlayer electrode data, simulation obtains crossflow situation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
This experimental provision provided by the invention and method can real simulation non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir flowing law, safe operation,
Simply, the degree of automation and result credibility are high.Non-homogeneous multi-layer reservoir fluid flowing law is disclosed, to solve in reservoir layer,
Interlayer contradiction formulates reasonable production measure and provides theoretical foundation, improves such effect of reservoir development.
It is described in further details below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of implementation structural schematic diagram of experimental provision of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of simulation core;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of core holding unit.
In figure: 1, simulation core;2, simulation wellbore hole outer layer;3, simulation wellbore hole internal layer;4, gum cover;5, confining pressure loads cavity;
6, injection pump;7, intermediate receptacle;8, confining pressure loading system;9, core holding unit;10, potential monitoring system;11, insulating box;12,
Produce fluid flow metering system;13, simulated injection pit shaft;14, simulation extraction pit shaft.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device is present embodiments provided, including the injection being sequentially communicated by pipeline
Pump 6, intermediate receptacle 7, core holding unit 9 and extraction fluid flow metering system 12, the core holding unit 9 are connected with confining pressure load system
System 8 and potential monitoring system 10, the core holding unit 9 are externally provided with insulating box 11.
As shown in Figure 1, injection pump 6 provides displacement power, the preset working solution of intermediate receptacle 7, working solution is entered by pipeline
Confining pressure is loaded into simulation core 1 by simulation core 1, confining pressure loading system 8, potential monitoring system 10 in displacement process everybody
Resistivity measurement is set, to analyze oil saturation, insulating box 11 is used for simulated formation temperature, fluid flow metering system 12 is produced,
For metering layered produced quantity.
The experimental provision is for high temperature and pressure vertical heterogeneity multilayer reservoir water drive oil flowing in petroleum industry fractured well room
Simulate Rule research, can real simulation non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir flowing law, safe operation, simple, the degree of automation and
Result credibility is high.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, the rock core are present embodiments provided
Clamper 9 is cube, and the core holding unit 9 includes that simulated injection pit shaft 13, gum cover 4, confining pressure load cavity 5 and simulation are adopted
Pit shaft 14 out, the gum cover 4 are set to outside gum cover 4 for wrapping up simulation core 1, the confining pressure load cavity 5, the rock core clamping
Each side of device 9 is folded from inside to outside by multiple confining pressures load cavity 5, each confining pressure load cavity 5 respectively with confining pressure
Loading system 8 is connected;
The simulated injection pit shaft 13 and simulation extraction pit shaft 14 be vertically arranged along the diagonal line of cube and with simulation core 1
It communicates, the simulated injection pit shaft 13 and simulation extraction pit shaft 14 include simulation wellbore hole internal layer 3 and simulation wellbore hole outer layer 2, institute
Simulation wellbore hole internal layer 3 is stated in simulation wellbore hole outer layer 2 and the two circumferentially opposed can move, the simulation wellbore hole internal layer 3 and mould
Multiple boreholes are equipped on quasi- pit shaft outer layer 2, the out of phase of the simulation wellbore hole internal layer 3 is equipped with the borehole of different number.
As shown in Figure 3.
The each end face of cube core holding unit 9 is that the multilayer confining pressure load cavity 5 being arranged from inside to outside folds, respectively
A confining pressure load cavity 5 is connected with confining pressure pump respectively, and when loaded ring being needed to press, confining pressure is pumped to be injected to each confining pressure load cavity 5
Fluid, each layer form resultant force and are applied on simulation core 1 by gum cover 4;This method ratio is loaded using conventional load machine, is had and is carried
The advantages such as lotus is uniform, takes up little area, is easy to operate.
Water filling simulation wellbore hole is made of two layers of pit shaft of simulation wellbore hole internal layer 3 and simulation wellbore hole outer layer 2, can be formed between two layers
Sealing, different simulation boreholes are arranged in 3 out of phase of simulation wellbore hole internal layer, and can be rotated, thus can be with by rotation internal layer pit shaft
The blasthole number being connected with each layer of reservoir is set, the water drive situation of different opening degrees is simulated.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 1, a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, the current potential are present embodiments provided
Monitoring system 10 includes measuring electrode, transmission cable, A/D change-over panel and the computer being sequentially connected electrically, and the measuring electrode is
It is multiple, equidistantly distribute each layer in simulation core 1.
Measuring electrode is made of two copper enameled wires of diameter 1mm, and measuring electrode is inserted before suppressing simulation core 1
Enter into simulation core 1, is equidistantly distributed in plane;After measuring electrode cloth is good, by measuring electrode and transmission cable (flat electricity
Cable) welding, and be connected with A/D change-over panel and computer;Each reservoir electrode arrangement is completed, will when simulation core 1 is not yet cementing
Measuring electrode, transmission cable are embedded in simulation core 1.
The confining pressure loading system 8 includes confining pressure pump and control cabinet, and the control cabinet is electrically connected with confining pressure pump, the extraction
The exit of fluid flow metering system 12 is equipped with backpressure pump.When outlet pressure is greater than the setting pressure of backpressure pump, Produced Liquid discharge.
Extraction fluid flow metering system 12 is the prior art, is not just described in detail here.
Embodiment 4:
On the basis of embodiment 2, a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method is present embodiments provided, straight well is used
Stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) makes simulation core 1;
Simulation core 1 is fitted into core holding unit 9 by step 2, is wrapped up with gum cover 4;
Step 3) opens the confining pressure pump in confining pressure loading system 8, to experiment setting pressure and keeps permanent to simulation core 1 plus confining pressure
It is fixed;
Simulation core 1 is vacuumized injection saturation water flooding by step 4);
Step 5) opens insulating box 11 and core holding unit 9 is heated to experiment set temperature and is kept constant;
Step 6) opens injection pump 6 plus displacement pressure, by the simulated formation oil injection core holding unit 9 in intermediate receptacle 7, makes
Oil is with constant speed, and water in displacement vertical heterogeneity simulation core 1 measures each layer with extraction fluid flow metering system 12 respectively
The water and oil mass that displacement goes out, the layer is closed when a certain layer establishes the irreducible water saturation of setting, until all layers are all built
The experiment of oil expelling water terminates when having found irreducible water saturation;
Step 7) adjusts constant pressure, the speed of constant speed injection pump 6 according to the injection rate of experimental design;
Step 8) is permanent with the speed for testing setting by the simulated formation water in intermediate receptacle 7 by injection pump 6 plus displacement pressure
Flood pot test is carried out in speed injection core holding unit 9, then according to a series of injection pore volume multiple values of experimental design,
Measure each 1 each layer of pore volume injected Imitating rock core of accumulative displacement oil pump capacity respectively with extraction fluid flow metering system 12
And water, and outlet pressure is recorded with pressure measurement device record inlet pressure, pressure measurement device, when the moisture content of a certain layer
The layer is closed when reaching 100%, until experiment terminates when all layers of moisture content all reaches 100%;
Injection pore volume, the as simulation core pair corresponding to the uniformity coefficient height of all layers of step 9) of displacement oil pump capacity
Injection pore volume when the non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir construction answered.
For non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir, experimental method through this embodiment uses each reservoir output during the experiment
The uniformity coefficient evaluation different process and technological parameter of liquid, so that recovering the oil to scene provides theoretical direction.
Embodiment 5:
On the basis of embodiment 4, a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method, the simulation are present embodiments provided
Rock core 1 by natural core or Artificial Core Making, when the simulation core 1 makes first according to practical oil reservoir spread,
Height fluctuating situation makes model base, later according to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, successively processes, the bottom and model of simulation core 1
Pedestal agrees with.Simulation core 1 is as shown in Figure 2.
Process using Artificial Core Making simulation core 1 is as follows: according to actual reservoir physical property using epoxy resin and not
It mixes and manufactures with partial size quartz sand, mixing is completed to be placed on model base, is press-formed, and successively processes;
After epoxy resin and the mixing of different-grain diameter quartz sand it is not yet cementing before, by the measuring electrode and biography of potential monitoring system 10
Transmission cable is embedded in each layer, while crack being arranged in layers, and each layer is separately added into different lanthanide series tracers.
Tracer is gradually dissolved in water during water drive, by being collected in outlet end, detecting each lanthanide content,
Each layer can be obtained and produce liquid situation, convenient for disclosing grease flowing law.According to longitudinal each practical pressure break situation of layer, can be made in each reservoir
Crack is set in the process, and it is artificial that the still uncemented stratiform of crack ribbon insertion is made in water-soluble high-molecular material (polylactic acid)
In rock core, water-soluble material dissolves to form crack after temperature increases during water drive, can real simulation non-homogeneous multi-layer fractured well
Situation.
Using natural core production simulation core 1 process it is as follows: natural core is cut, is polished, make rock core with
Model base is agreed with, and according to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, successively processes rock core, interlayer can be as needed using permeable or impermeable
Material bonding.When needing to simulate crossflow situation, then permeable material is used.
During flood pot test, each position resistivity is obtained by potential monitoring system 10, analyzes each layer remaining oil
Distribution situation, while by interlayer electrode data, simulation obtains crossflow situation.
The foregoing examples are only illustrative of the present invention;The limitation to protection scope of the present invention is not constituted;It is all
It is within being all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention with the same or similar design of the present invention.The component that embodiment does not describe in detail
With the well-known components and common structure or conventional means of the structure category industry;Here it does not describe one by one.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device, it is characterised in that: including the injection being sequentially communicated by pipeline
(6), intermediate receptacle (7), core holding unit (9) and extraction fluid flow metering system (12), the core holding unit (9) is pumped to be connected with
Confining pressure loading system (8) and potential monitoring system (10), the core holding unit (9) are externally provided with insulating box (11).
2. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rock core
Clamper (9) is cube, and the core holding unit (9) includes simulated injection pit shaft (13), gum cover (4), confining pressure load cavity
(5) and simulation extraction pit shaft (14), the gum cover (4) are used to wrap up simulation core (1), and confining pressure load cavity (5) is set to
Outside, each side of the core holding unit (9) is folded gum cover (4) from inside to outside by multiple confining pressures load cavity (5), often
A confining pressure load cavity (5) is connected with confining pressure loading system (8) respectively;
The simulated injection pit shaft (13) and simulation extraction pit shaft (14) be vertically arranged along the diagonal line of cube and with simulation
Rock core (1) communicates, and the simulated injection pit shaft (13) and simulation extraction pit shaft (14) include simulation wellbore hole internal layer (3) and simulate
Pit shaft outer layer (2), the simulation wellbore hole internal layer (3) is set in simulation wellbore hole outer layer (2) and the two circumferentially opposed can move, described
Multiple boreholes, the different phases of the simulation wellbore hole internal layer (3) are equipped on simulation wellbore hole internal layer (3) and simulation wellbore hole outer layer (2)
Position is equipped with the borehole of different number.
3. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the current potential
Monitoring system (10) includes the measuring electrode being sequentially connected electrically, transmission cable, A/D change-over panel and computer, the measuring electrode
Be it is multiple, equidistantly distribute each layer in simulation core (1).
4. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the confining pressure
Loading system (8) includes confining pressure pump and control cabinet, and the control cabinet is electrically connected with confining pressure pump, the extraction fluid flow metering system
(12) exit is equipped with backpressure pump.
5. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method flows mould using straight well stratified reservoir described in claim 1
Draft experiment device, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1) makes simulation core (1);
Simulation core (1) is fitted into core holding unit (9) by step 2, is wrapped up with gum cover (4);
Step 3) opens the confining pressure pump in confining pressure loading system (8), to experiment setting pressure and protects to simulation core (1) plus confining pressure
It holds constant;
Simulation core (1) is vacuumized injection saturation water flooding by step 4);
Step 5) opens insulating box (11) and core holding unit (9) is heated to experiment set temperature and is kept constant;
Step 6) opens injection pump (6) plus displacement pressure, and the simulated formation oil in intermediate receptacle (7) is injected core holding unit
(9) in, make oil with constant speed, the water in displacement vertical heterogeneity simulation core (1), with extraction fluid flow metering system (12) point
Water and oil mass that each layer of displacement goes out are not measured, the layer are closed when a certain layer establishes the irreducible water saturation of setting, directly
The experiment of oil expelling water terminates when all establishing irreducible water saturation to all layers;
Step 7) adjusts constant pressure, the speed of constant speed injection pump (6) according to the injection rate of experimental design;
Step 8) is by injection pump (6) plus displacement pressure, by the simulated formation water in intermediate receptacle (7), to test the speed of setting
It spends and carries out flood pot test in constant speed injection core holding unit (9), then according to a series of injection pore volumes of experimental design
Multiple value measures the tired of each each layer of pore volume injected Imitating rock core (1) with extraction fluid flow metering system (12) respectively
Displacement oil pump capacity and water are counted, and records outlet pressure with pressure measurement device record inlet pressure, pressure measurement device, when certain
One layer of moisture content closes the layer when reaching 100%, until experiment terminates when all layers of moisture content all reaches 100%;
Injection pore volume, the as simulation core pair corresponding to the uniformity coefficient height of all layers of step 9) of displacement oil pump capacity
Injection pore volume when the non-homogeneous multi-layer oil reservoir construction answered.
6. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the simulation
Rock core (1) is by natural core or Artificial Core Making, first according to practical oil reservoir exhibition when the simulation core (1) makes
Cloth, height fluctuating situation make model base, later according to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, successively process, the bottom of simulation core (1) with
Model base is agreed with.
7. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that using artificial
The process that rock core makes simulation core (1) is as follows: mixed using epoxy resin and different-grain diameter quartz sand according to actual reservoir physical property
Manufacture is closed, mixing is completed to be placed on model base, is press-formed, successively processes;
After epoxy resin and the mixing of different-grain diameter quartz sand it is not yet cementing before, by the measuring electrode of potential monitoring system (10) and
Transmission cable is embedded in each layer, while crack being arranged in layers, and each layer is separately added into different lanthanide series tracers
Agent.
8. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that using natural
The process of rock core production simulation core (1) is as follows: natural core cut, is polished, agrees with rock core with model base, root
According to the reservoir longitudinal direction number of plies, rock core is successively processed.
9. a kind of straight well stratified reservoir flowing simulated experiment method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: water drive oil is real
During testing, each position resistivity is obtained by potential monitoring system (10), analyzes each layer remaining oil distribution situation, led to simultaneously
Interlayer electrode data is crossed, simulation obtains crossflow situation.
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Cited By (15)
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CN110763732A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for measuring resistivity of shale sample under different temperature, pressure and fluid conditions |
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