CN104564043A - Flow diversion chamber capable of testing flow diversion capacity of fracture network of tight reservoir by gas and working method thereof - Google Patents
Flow diversion chamber capable of testing flow diversion capacity of fracture network of tight reservoir by gas and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flow diversion chamber capable of testing the flow diversion capacity of a fracture network of a tight reservoir by gas. The flow diversion chamber can be blended with an API (American Petroleum Institute) flow diversion capacity tester, so that the cost is reduced; rocks such as an actual formation shale or tight sandstone are used for realistically simulating the formation lithology, the damage to the flow diversion capacity by the embedment of a propping agent is considered, and the fracture width and the fracture network structure are changeable; the flow type of the flow diversion chamber is radial flow but not linear flow, whether a test medium passes through all fractures in the fracture network or not cannot be ensured by the linear flow, the spread range of the test medium can be increased by the radial flow, and the accuracy of testing the flow diversion capacity can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to diversion chamber and the method for work thereof of a kind of gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity, belong to oil-gas field development field.
Background technology
Tight gas refers to that covering pressure matrix permeability is less than or equal to 0.1 × 10
-3μm
2sandstone reservoir, shale gas is a kind of special Unconventional forage, composes and is stored in mud stone or shale, has and becomes Tibetan, low hole, pole low-permeability (to be less than 0.001 × 10 continuously from being conigenous storage, air free water interface, large area
-3μm
2) etc. feature.Tight gas and shale gas individual well generally without natural production capacity or natural production capacity lower than industrial gas lower limit, but natural gas of industry output can be obtained under certain economic condition and technical measures.Under normal circumstances, these measures comprise pressure break, horizontal well, multilateral well etc.
Tight gas and shale gas pressure break adopt slippery water or clear water usually, use the mode of high discharge capacity, low-viscosity to carry into stratum by proppant, to reach communication intrinsic fracture, form the effect of complex fracture network (seam net) in stratum.The fundamental starting point of tight gas, shale gas FRACTURING DESIGN is how to form effective fracture network, the flow conductivity of fracture network directly affects the rear output of compact reservoir pressure, therefore, the research for compact reservoir fracture network flow conductivity is significant for the effect improving well stimulation.
Traditional fracturing mode adopts high viscosity fracturing fluid to carry into stratum by proppant, the sand packed fracture that one has high flow conductivity is formed in stratum, flow conductivity for the crack of a filling proppant can adopt fracture guide instrument to evaluate flow conductivity, this technology is comparatively ripe, existing relevant standard: SY/T6302-1997; Research method for the flow conductivity of the acid-etched fracture adopting acidifying measure to be formed is also comparatively ripe, and defines systematized theory and rating system.The evaluation method of two kinds of traditional fracture condudtiviies can not directly apply to the fracture network that volume fracturing is formed.
At present, to volume fracturing form fracture network flow conductivity be mostly to describe qualitatively, lack suitable experimental facilities and method carries out this determining quantitative analysis.The people such as 2010 Nian Luzhan states have carried out the seepage flow characteristics experimental study in orthogonal fracture network, in research orthogonal fracture network model, seepage flow characteristics and model structure are on the impact of permeability, utilize marble and stainless steel gasket to set up the orthogonal fracture network model of different structure, and pass through the PHYSICAL MODELING OF IN seepage flow characteristics of aqueous phase and water-oil phase.But its research to as if Fractured Reservoir, and it is considered that fracture network is on the impact of the seepage velocity of liquid phase.The people such as Wen Qingzhi in 2013 proposes complex fracture network discretization to be by the horizontal fracture being parallel to seepage direction, the vertical fracture being parallel to seepage direction, the seam network model that form perpendicular to vertical fracture three kinds of cracks of seepage direction, analyzes different impact of stitching web frame fracture network flow conductivity.Lu Qiang and He Yanfeng in 2014 proposes the crack of volume fracturing generation to regard a rectangular recess as, utilizes the template with different connected mode groove to carry out simulation fracture network.Domestic patent " a kind of device and method of work thereof of testing shale gas checking seam network flow conductivity " (Chinese patent CN102720486A) proposition marble simulation shale seam net, flow pattern are the brand-new seam net flow conductivity test macro of linear flow.Current multiplex marble or groove version simulation fracture network, marble and formation rock difference in lithology is comparatively large, cannot formation lithology that is virtually reality like reality; Under have ignored high clossing pressure, the embedding injury of proppant; Flow pattern is single linear stream, cannot stitch net flow regime by real simulation; Whole system needs to redesign, and cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of diversion chamber of gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity, this diversion chamber can merge with API flow conductivity tester, cost-saving; Use the rocks such as real stratum shale or tight sand, truer simulated formation lithology, considers the injury of proppant embedment to flow conductivity, and crack width, seam web frame are variable; The flow pattern of this diversion chamber is not linear flow and be radial flow, and linear flow cannot ensure that in seam net, crack has tested media to pass through, and radial flow can improve the impact scope of tested media, improves flow conductivity test accuracy.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of work of above-mentioned diversion chamber.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A diversion chamber for gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity, comprises the seal base that up/down perforation arranges test trough, the sealing top board arranged at the top of described test trough and arranges in the bottom of described test trough; Test trough is used for settling seam web frame to be tested and sand bedding, and described test trough horizontal section is square, and the interior length of side of described test trough is 250 ~ 300mm, and described test trough thickness is 25 ~ 30mm; Each side of test trough is provided with air inlet port and pressure tap, and described air inlet port is connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester, and described pressure tap is connected with API flow conductivity tester pressure tap; At the through simulation wellbore hole being provided with perforation of described seal base, the diameter of described simulation wellbore hole is 8 ~ 11mm, and the surface of described simulation wellbore hole is provided with perforation, and simulation wellbore hole top is provided with filter screen; The gas outlet for testing out mouth pressure is provided with in the bottom of described simulation wellbore hole.Diversion chamber of the present invention, it stitches web frame, sanding varying concentrations, matrix is the formation rock such as shale or tight sand, when build joint net, first processing rock beam is laid in described test trough, and the seam web frame according to presetting places one deck rock beam, laid proppant in the crack that rock beam constructs with rock beam, successively place rock beam again, build joint web frame.Diversion chamber of the present invention can realize air inlet port flow, terminal pressure, the change of displacement meter reading seam web frame height, gas outlet flow, gas outlet pressure and other parameters.The effect of described pressure tap is the terminal pressure measuring described diversion chamber, when the pressure recording four pressure tap is equal, then judges that diversion chamber reaches stable state, starts counting; Described four air inlet ports ensure that the flow pattern in seam web frame is radial flow, expands tested media impact scope.The variable-length of described simulation wellbore hole, pit shaft perforation is so that gas flows into pit shaft in seam net, and aperture is enough little of to prevent proppant from flowing into pit shaft, described seal base is provided with gas outlet, is connected with simulation wellbore hole, can test rate of discharge and outlet pressure.
Preferred according to the present invention, described pressure tap diameter and API flow conductivity tester pressure tap diameter adapt.
Preferred according to the present invention, described pressure tap diameter is 6.35mm; The diameter of described air inlet port is 5 ~ 8mm.
Preferred according to the present invention, described sealing top board comprises top board and upper sealing-plug, and described seal base comprises base plate and lower seal plug.
Preferred according to the present invention, the through of described seal base is provided with simulation wellbore hole.
Preferred according to the present invention, the thickness of described sealing top board and seal base is 10 ~ 15mm; The thickness of described upper sealing-plug is 40 ~ 50mm; The thickness of described lower seal plug is 20 ~ 25mm.
Preferred according to the present invention, the surface of sealing-plug and lower seal plug is provided with seal groove on described, and in described seal groove, be provided with sealed film, the thickness of described sealed film is 5 ~ 7mm.
Utilize above-mentioned diversion chamber to test the method for compact reservoir fracture network flow conductivity, comprise the following steps:
(1) choose formation rock, i.e. shale or tight sand, described formation rock is processed into tabular rock core;
(2) according to the seam web frame preset, cut into different segments by horizontal and vertical for described tabular rock core, and load in test trough;
(3) by adding proppant, diaclase number and seam web frame: namely by adding the proppant of different-grain diameter or adopting different sanding concentration to realize fracture network to stitch wide control;
(4) install described diversion chamber, described four air inlet ports are connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester;
(5) open the acquisition and control system of API water conservancy diversion tester, be forced into default clossing pressure to described diversion chamber, described clossing pressure refers to the power acting on and crack wall makes closing up of cracks, is generally equal to minimum principal stress; Lay displacement meter in described diversion chamber, initial value is 0;
(6), under remaining on default clossing pressure condition, to the air inlet simultaneously of described air inlet port, measure the terminal pressure in described diversion chamber simultaneously, when four pressure tap record pressure identical time, then judge that described diversion chamber is in stable state, start experiment, image data;
(7) open outer computer, data all in experimentation are transferred in computer by data acquisition unit: namely obtain air inlet port flow, terminal pressure that pressure tap records, gas outlet flow, gas outlet pressure, displacement meter reading;
(8) described flowing gas state is radial flow, and according to area equation, the plan radius calculating rectangular channel is
go out to stitch net flow conductivity design formulas according to radial flow formula and the flow conductivity derivation of equation,
The design formulas of fracture network flow conductivity adopts:
W
f-effectively seam is wide, and this effectively stitches wide wide for converting seam, and after calculating the cumulative volume in crack in fracture network, divided by the cross-sectional area of diversion chamber, it is wide that gained is effectively seam;
K
fthe permeability of-fracture network, controls gas flow rate, makes gas seepage flow in fracture network meet darcy flow;
Q-flow, is read by gas flowmeter;
μ-viscosity, gets N under room temperature
2viscosity;
A-test trough length of side;
R
w-simulation wellbore hole radius;
H-seam web frame height;
P
e-test trough terminal pressure;
P
o-gas outlet pressure;
π-constant, its value is 3.1415926;
(9) insert depth calculates:
Utilize described displacement meter to measure the changing value Δ w of seam web frame height, the number in known level crack is n, and calculate the insert depth of described proppant, design formulas is as follows:
D-insert depth in formula;
Δ w-seam web frame height change value;
N-horizontal fracture number.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) the present invention can simulate different seam web frame and crack width by the diversion chamber of retrofit testing seam net flow conductivity and method, and can merge with existing API diversion chamber, system is without the need to redesign, cost-saving.
2) use reservoir rock as shale and tight sand, comparatively accurate simulation formation lithology, considers the injury of proppant embedment to flow conductivity, makes experiment more accurate.
3) the present invention can measure the flow conductivity under different seam web frame, different sanding concentration.
4) tested media nowed forming of the present invention is radial flow, expands tested media impact scope, improves flow conductivity test accuracy.
5) diversion chamber of the present invention is simple and easy to use, safe ready, for the test of seam net flow conductivity provides new method; Described diversion chamber can merge with API flow conductivity tester, and the systems such as gas cylinder, gas flowmeter, differential manometer, displacement meter, acquisition and control system, computer remain unchanged, substantially without the need to redesigning whole system.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the fractionation front view of the diversion chamber of a kind of gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic of seam web frame of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of diversion chamber of the present invention;
In fig. 1-3: 1-fixed screw; 2-sealing top board; 3-upper sealing-plug; 4-test trough; 5-air inlet port; 6-pressure tap; 7-simulation wellbore hole; 8-preforation tunnel; 9-lower seal plug; 10-seal base; 11-gas outlet; 12-horizontal fracture; 13-transverse crack; 14-tabular rock core; 15-vertical fracture.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but is not limited thereto.
As Figure 1-3.
Embodiment 1,
Vertical fracture in research seam web frame, as the impact of the number fracture network flow conductivity of the vertical fracture 15 in Fig. 1.With cutting machine, shale core is processed into measure-alike tabular rock core, length is 50 ~ 60mm, width 50 ~ 60mm, and thickness is 12 ~ 15mm; By whether adding proppant, controlling vertical fracture number, to the crack do not studied, not adding proppant, directly close; In seam net, single seam seam is wide, proppant, sanding concentration are identical, are assembled into the fracture network model of analogous outcrop that vertical fracture number is different.Measure the fracture network flow conductivity of different model, thus the impact of the number fracture network flow conductivity of vertical fracture can be drawn.
A diversion chamber for gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity, comprises the seal base 10 that up/down perforation arranges test trough 4, the sealing top board 2 arranged at the top of described test trough 4 and arranges in the bottom of described test trough; Test trough 4 is used for settling seam web frame to be tested and sand bedding, and described test trough 4 horizontal section is square, and the interior length of side of described test trough 4 is 250 ~ 300mm, and described test trough 4 thickness is 25 ~ 30mm; Each side of test trough 4 is provided with air inlet port 5 and pressure tap 6, and described air inlet port 5 is connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester, and described pressure tap 6 is connected with API flow conductivity tester pressure tap; At the through simulation wellbore hole 7 being provided with perforation 8 of described seal base 10, the diameter of described simulation wellbore hole 7 is 8 ~ 11mm, and the surface of described simulation wellbore hole 7 is provided with perforation 8, and simulation wellbore hole 7 top is provided with filter screen; The gas outlet 11 for testing out mouth pressure is provided with in the bottom of described simulation wellbore hole 7.
Described pressure tap 6 diameter and API flow conductivity tester pressure tap diameter adapt.
Described pressure tap diameter is 6.35mm; The diameter of described air inlet port is 5 ~ 8mm.
Described sealing top board comprises top board and upper sealing-plug 3, and described seal base comprises base plate and lower seal plug 9.
Embodiment 2,
The diversion chamber of a kind of gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity as described in Example 1, its distinctive points is, the through of described seal base is provided with simulation wellbore hole 7.
The thickness of described sealing top board and seal base is 10 ~ 15mm; The thickness of described upper sealing-plug is 40 ~ 50mm; The thickness of described lower seal plug is 20 ~ 25mm.
The surface of sealing-plug and lower seal plug is provided with seal groove on described, and in described seal groove, be provided with sealed film, the thickness of described sealed film is 5 ~ 7mm.
Embodiment 3,
Utilize the method for diversion chamber's test compact reservoir fracture network flow conductivity as described in embodiment 1 or 2, comprise the following steps:
(1) choose formation rock, i.e. shale or tight sand, described formation rock is processed into tabular rock core;
(2) according to the seam web frame preset, cut into different segments by horizontal and vertical for described tabular rock core, and load in test trough;
(3) by adding proppant, diaclase number and seam web frame: namely by adding the proppant of different-grain diameter or adopting different sanding concentration to realize fracture network to stitch wide control;
(4) install described diversion chamber, described four air inlet ports are connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester;
(5) open the acquisition and control system of API water conservancy diversion tester, be forced into default clossing pressure to described diversion chamber, described clossing pressure refers to the power acting on and crack wall makes closing up of cracks, is generally equal to minimum principal stress; Lay displacement meter in described diversion chamber, initial value is 0;
(6), under remaining on default clossing pressure condition, to the air inlet simultaneously of described air inlet port, measure the terminal pressure in described diversion chamber simultaneously, when four pressure tap record pressure identical time, then judge that described diversion chamber is in stable state, start experiment, image data;
(7) open outer computer, data all in experimentation are transferred in computer by data acquisition unit: namely obtain air inlet port flow, terminal pressure that pressure tap records, gas outlet flow, gas outlet pressure, displacement meter reading;
(8) described flowing gas state is radial flow, and according to area equation, the plan radius calculating rectangular channel is
go out to stitch web frame flow conductivity design formulas according to radial flow formula and the flow conductivity derivation of equation,
The design formulas of fracture network flow conductivity adopts:
W
f-effectively seam is wide, and this effectively stitches wide wide for converting seam, and after calculating the cumulative volume in crack in fracture network, divided by the cross-sectional area of diversion chamber, it is wide that gained is effectively seam;
K
fthe permeability of-fracture network, controls gas flow rate, makes gas seepage flow in fracture network meet darcy flow;
Q-flow, is read by gas flowmeter;
μ-viscosity, gets N under room temperature
2viscosity;
A-test trough length of side;
R
w-simulation wellbore hole radius;
H-seam web frame height;
P
e-test trough terminal pressure;
P
o-gas outlet pressure;
π-constant, its value is 3.1415926;
(9) insert depth calculates:
Utilize described displacement meter to measure the changing value Δ w of seam web frame height, the number in known level crack is n, and calculate the insert depth of described proppant, design formulas is as follows:
D-insert depth in formula;
Δ w-seam web frame height change value;
N-horizontal fracture number.
Calculate embedding depth of proppant, contrast the insert depth of different rock, the embedding injury of research proppant.
The number V of vertical fracture 15 is changed in embodiment 3; Described horizontal fracture 12 number H, number T is constant for transverse crack 13, and sanding concentration all remains unchanged, and being loaded into clossing pressure is 60MPa, the flow conductivity of test 2h, and experimental data is as following table 1, table 2:
Table 1 vertical fracture opposite joint net flow conductivity affects test data
Table 2 insert depth test data and comparative analysis
Can find out from above-mentioned table 1,2, diversion chamber of the present invention can test the flow conductivity of different seam web frame, analyzes its interact relation; Can embedding depth of proppant be tested, less with the insert depth error of actual measurement, the insert depth that can more accurately survey.
Embodiment 4:
Carry out horizontal fracture in fracture network, as the impact of the number fracture network flow conductivity of horizontal fracture in Fig. 1 12.Adopt part of horizontal crack not add proppant, directly closed method, change the number of horizontal fracture, keep other parameter constants of fracture network model of analogous outcrop.In fracture network model of analogous outcrop, add proppant respectively, ensure that the width of single seam in seam net is all identical.Measure the fracture network flow conductivity under varying level Number of Fractures respectively, thus draw the impact of the number fracture network flow conductivity of horizontal fracture.
Utilize the method for diversion chamber's test compact reservoir fracture network flow conductivity as described in embodiment 1 or 2, comprise the following steps:
(1) choose formation rock, i.e. shale or tight sand, described formation rock is processed into tabular rock core;
(2) according to the seam web frame preset, cut into different segments by horizontal and vertical for described tabular rock core, and load in test trough;
(3) by adding proppant, diaclase number and seam web frame: namely by adding the proppant of different-grain diameter or adopting different sanding concentration to realize fracture network to stitch wide control;
(4) install described diversion chamber, described four air inlet ports are connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester;
(5) open the acquisition and control system of API water conservancy diversion tester, be forced into default clossing pressure to described diversion chamber, described clossing pressure refers to the power acting on and crack wall makes closing up of cracks, is generally equal to minimum principal stress; Lay displacement meter in described diversion chamber, initial value is 0;
(6), under remaining on default clossing pressure condition, to the air inlet simultaneously of described air inlet port, measure the terminal pressure in described diversion chamber simultaneously, when four pressure tap record pressure identical time, then judge that described diversion chamber is in stable state, start experiment, image data;
(7) open outer computer, data all in experimentation are transferred in computer by data acquisition unit: namely obtain air inlet port flow, the terminal pressure that pressure tap records, gas outlet flow, gas outlet pressure, displacement meter reading;
(8) described flowing gas state is radial flow, and according to area equation, the plan radius calculating rectangular channel is
go out to stitch web frame flow conductivity design formulas according to radial flow formula and the flow conductivity derivation of equation,
The design formulas of fracture network flow conductivity adopts:
W
f-effectively seam is wide, and this effectively stitches wide wide for converting seam, and after calculating the cumulative volume in crack in fracture network, divided by the cross-sectional area of diversion chamber, it is wide that gained is effectively seam;
K
fthe permeability of-fracture network, controls gas flow rate, makes gas seepage flow in fracture network meet darcy flow;
Q-flow, is read by gas flowmeter;
μ-viscosity, gets N under room temperature
2viscosity;
A-test trough length of side;
R
w-simulation wellbore hole radius;
H-seam web frame height;
P
e-test trough terminal pressure;
P
o-gas outlet pressure;
π-constant, its value is 3.1415926;
(9) insert depth calculates:
Utilize described displacement meter to measure the changing value Δ w of seam web frame height, the number in known level crack is n, and calculate the insert depth of described proppant, design formulas is as follows:
D-insert depth in formula;
Δ w-seam web frame height change value;
N-horizontal fracture number.
Change the number of horizontal fracture in embodiment 4, vertical fracture (V), transverse crack (T) bar are constant, and sanding concentration all remains unchanged, and being loaded into clossing pressure is 60MPa, the flow conductivity of test 2h.Experimental data is as following table 3,4.
Table 3 horizontal fracture opposite joint net flow conductivity affects test data
Table 4 insert depth test data and comparative analysis
Claims (8)
1. a diversion chamber for gas test compact reservoir seam net flow conductivity, is characterized in that, this diversion chamber comprises the seal base that up/down perforation arranges test trough, the sealing top board arranged at the top of described test trough and arranges in the bottom of described test trough; Test trough is used for settling seam web frame to be tested and sand bedding, and described test trough horizontal section is square, and the interior length of side of described test trough is 250 ~ 300mm, and described test trough thickness is 25 ~ 30mm; Each side of test trough is provided with air inlet port and pressure tap, and described air inlet port is connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester, and described pressure tap is connected with API flow conductivity tester pressure tap; At the through simulation wellbore hole being provided with perforation of described seal base, the diameter of described simulation wellbore hole is 8 ~ 11mm, and the surface of described simulation wellbore hole is provided with perforation, and simulation wellbore hole top is provided with filter screen; The gas outlet for testing out mouth pressure is provided with in the bottom of described simulation wellbore hole.
2. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described pressure tap diameter and API flow conductivity tester pressure tap diameter adapt.
3. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described pressure tap diameter is 6.35mm; The diameter of described air inlet port is 5 ~ 8mm.
4. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described sealing top board comprises top board and upper sealing-plug, and described seal base comprises base plate and lower seal plug.
5. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the through of described seal base is provided with simulation wellbore hole.
6. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the thickness of described sealing top board and seal base is 10 ~ 15mm; The thickness of described upper sealing-plug is 40 ~ 50mm; The thickness of described lower seal plug is 20 ~ 25mm.
7. a kind of gas test compact reservoir stitches the diversion chamber of net flow conductivity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the surface of sealing-plug and lower seal plug is provided with seal groove on described, and in described seal groove, be provided with sealed film, the thickness of described sealed film is 5 ~ 7mm.
8. utilize the method for diversion chamber's test compact reservoir fracture network flow conductivity as described in claim 1-6 any one, comprise the following steps:
(1) choose formation rock, i.e. shale or tight sand, described formation rock is processed into tabular rock core;
(2) according to the seam web frame preset, cut into different segments by horizontal and vertical for described tabular rock core, and load in test trough;
(3) by adding proppant, diaclase number and seam web frame: namely by adding the proppant of different-grain diameter or adopting different sanding concentration to realize fracture network to stitch wide control;
(4) install described diversion chamber, described four air inlet ports are connected with the air inlet port of API flow conductivity tester;
(5) open the acquisition and control system of API water conservancy diversion tester, be forced into default clossing pressure to described diversion chamber, described clossing pressure refers to the power acting on and crack wall makes closing up of cracks, is generally equal to minimum principal stress; Lay displacement meter in described diversion chamber, initial value is 0;
(6), under remaining on default clossing pressure condition, to the air inlet simultaneously of described air inlet port, measure the terminal pressure in described diversion chamber simultaneously, when four pressure tap record pressure identical time, then judge that described diversion chamber is in stable state, start experiment, image data;
(7) open outer computer, data all in experimentation are transferred in computer by data acquisition unit: namely obtain air inlet port flow, terminal pressure that pressure tap records, gas outlet flow, gas outlet pressure, displacement meter reading;
(8) described flowing gas state is radial flow, and according to area equation, the plan radius calculating rectangular channel is
go out to stitch web frame flow conductivity design formulas according to radial flow formula and the flow conductivity derivation of equation,
The design formulas of fracture network flow conductivity adopts:
W
f-effectively seam is wide, and this effectively stitches wide wide for converting seam, and after calculating the cumulative volume in crack in fracture network, divided by the cross-sectional area of diversion chamber, it is wide that gained is effectively seam;
K
fthe permeability of-fracture network, controls gas flow rate, makes gas seepage flow in fracture network meet darcy flow;
Q-flow, is read by gas flowmeter;
μ-viscosity, gets N under room temperature
2viscosity;
A-test trough length of side;
R
w-simulation wellbore hole radius;
H-seam web frame height;
P
e-test trough terminal pressure;
P
o-gas outlet pressure;
π-constant, its value is 3.1415926;
(9) insert depth calculates:
Utilize described displacement meter to measure the changing value Δ w of seam web frame height, the number in known level crack is n, and calculate the insert depth of described proppant, design formulas is as follows:
D-insert depth in formula;
Δ w-seam web frame height change value;
N-horizontal fracture number.
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