CN103556993B - Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method - Google Patents
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method, comprise the following steps: one: select rock core and bore five blind holes corresponding with five through holes (12) in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10) at described core surface；Two: described rock core is loaded in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；Three: in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10), be implanted sequentially water and crude oil, set up irreducible water saturation；Four: by gas injection apparatus (31) to plane Five-point method pattern emulation injecting carbon dioxide in clamper (10), collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) gathers experiments of measuring parameter.The method can simulate a note four, and to adopt Five-point method pattern displacement dynamic, channelling between analog band crannied well, avoids the excessive phenomenon of free-boundary problem of one-way flow, thus closer to truth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploitation experimental technique field, particularly a kind of low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern dioxy
Change carbon and drive emulation experiment analogy method.
Background technology
Low permeability oil field owing to pore throat is tiny, specific surface area and Crude Oil in Boundary Layer thickness is big, Jamin effect and surface molecular
Power effect is strong, and its percolation law does not follow Darcy's law, has non-darcy type seepage flow characteristics.The storage of low permeability oil field
Layer connectivity is poor, filtrational resistance is big, and general limit, bottom water are the most inactive, and elastic energy is the least, is consuming natural energy
Under mode mining conditions, strata pressure significantly declines, and field output is drastically successively decreased.
At present, existing physical simulating method is mainly linear displacement modeling method, and the method can not fully reflect very
Real radial flow process and feature thereof.The flow field of linear displacement model is flow model, gesture with equal pressure Gradient Propulsion,
The simplest.On-the-spot true block typically uses well array displacement, and five-spot is common hole pattern, and its flow field is many
The complex flowfield of the many remittances in source, the influence factor's line to be more than suffered by parameter such as the distribution of field, recovery percent of reserves, displacement efficiency
Property displacement model, therefore linear displacement model can not fully reflect real radial flow process and displacement characteristics thereof.Wherein,
Unidirectional free-boundary problem is there is under the conditions of hypotonic, huge on percolation law impact.So-called free-boundary problem, be
The finger fluid barometric gradient when saturated rock core starts to occur flowing, and the startup pressure of linear flow and radial fluid flow
Gradient is different, and oil field permeability is the lowest, and free-boundary problem is the biggest, the biggest on percolation law impact.Therefore existing
There is physical simulating method can not realize the simulation of well pattern injection process.
At present, the threedimensional model in existing physical simulating method is commonly sandpack column, and sandpack column porous media does not has
Cementing, there is microcrack structure as percolating medium, it is impossible to the pore structure of simulation porous media.And existing back-up sand
The manufacturing process of container or rock core chucking device is predominantly cast manufacture.Common casting model bearing capacity is poor (general
Less than 0.5MPa), owing to low-permeability oilfield injection pressure is high, low-permeability oilfield injection pressure typically at more than 5MPa,
The pressure requirements of carbon dioxide flooding simulation experiment cannot be met, and pressure can affect the volume of carbon dioxide, titanium dioxide
The interfacial tension of carbon dissolubility, carbon dioxide and crude oil in crude oil or water and the possibility of carbon dioxide crude oil mixed phase
Property, therefore there is tremendous influence to the Flooding Efficiency of carbon dioxide flooding in pressure.
In China, carbon dioxide flooding is mainly used in low permeability pay, typically in the development process of low permeability pay, is all
Fracturing production, increases the migration ability of fluid in reservoir by fracture technology, but crack can produce serious simultaneously
Carbon dioxide alters ease.Along the oil well has channeling of fractuer direction, carbon dioxide well between channelling phenomenon extremely serious, common
Linear displacement model can not seal channelling process between the well altering rear carbon dioxide by simulation fracture, and common displacement model can not mould
Intend Crack Sealing and alter channelling process between the well of rear carbon dioxide.
For common, bearing capacity is poor, is usually no more than in 0.5MPa experimentation, the resin cast two dimension displacement of reservoir oil
Model can not realize the simulation of true well pattern injection process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem of low permeability oil field carbon dioxide flooding emulation it is not suitable in order to solve existing analogy method, this
A person of good sense provides a kind of low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method.The method can
To simulate a note four, to adopt Five-point method pattern displacement dynamic, channelling between analog band crannied well, avoids opening of one-way flow
The excessive phenomenon of dynamic pressure gradient, thus closer to truth.
The present invention solves that its technical problem the technical scheme is that a kind of low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern two
Carbonoxide drives emulation experiment analogy method, comprises the following steps:
Step one: select rock core and bore and five on plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper at described core surface
Five blind holes that through hole is corresponding；
Step 2: described rock core is loaded in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper；
Step 3: be implanted sequentially water and crude oil in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, set up irreducible water saturated
Degree；
Step 4: by gas injection apparatus injecting carbon dioxide in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, logical
Cross produced fluid to collect and calibration facility collection experiments of measuring parameter.
Step one comprises the following steps:
1.1, choose natural core or artificial core, polish this rock core with sand paper or electric saw；
1.2, in the uniform coating thickness of core surface about 0.2～the coating of 0.4mm, in being then placed on baking oven, it is dried coating；
1.3, the upper surface at rock core bores described five blind holes, and described five blind holes are 5 mouthfuls of wells, this well a diameter of
3mm, the degree of depth of this well is about 5cm, the top of the position of this well and distance and plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper
The position of the through hole covered is corresponding, goes out the powder of this Jing Chu with the water of flowing, is then placed on drying in oven.
In step 1.2, described in be applied to scraping blade along single direction in core surface drawout coating.
Step 2 comprises the following steps:
2.1, clean clamping wall, and on piston, pad the rubber blanket that thickness is 1mm～40mm；
2.2, open top cover, described rock core is loaded in the cavity of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper；
2.3, make 5 pipelines to be inserted respectively in 5 mouthfuls of wells of described rock core, by pressure cap is fixed on described pipe
The position of specifying of line controls the degree of depth of pit shaft；
2.4, the rock core groove realization well cementation of described upper wellbore is poured with epoxy resin；
2.5, on the upper surface pad of described rock core, thickness is the rubber blanket of 1mm～40mm, lifts top cover, makes described
5 through holes of the position of well vertically corresponding top cover, make described pipeline pass through top cover, vertically fall top cover, and use
Top cover is pressed into plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper by bolt, makes top closure；
2.6, at the axially extending bore of lower cover, in axial compression space, inject certain clear water, provide certain axial compression to rock core；
2.7, inject necessarily in the sealing cavity between clamping wall and rubber bush with hand pump at radial direction through hole
Amount clear water, controls the confined pressure of described rock core.
Confined pressure described in step 2.7 is less than the axial compression described in step 2.6.
Step 3 comprises the following steps:
3.1, vacuum pump being connected on top cover be positioned at the through hole in the center of circle by pipeline, this through hole is that simulation is recovered the oil flatly
Well, closed other four mouthfuls of wells around, to described rock core vacuumizing 2～4 hours；
3.2, hand pump is connected on top cover be positioned at the through hole in the center of circle by pipeline, closes other four mouthfuls of wells, to this
The through hole injection formation water being positioned at the center of circle is equal to the volume of injection water to saturation, the pore volume of this rock core；
3.3, with injection pump be positioned at the center of circle through hole be inject well entrance, a through hole in remaining four mouthfuls of through hole
For the outlet of producing well, survey the permeability of this rock core, then change extraction well, finally give the infiltration on four direction
Rate；
3.4, in a through hole of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, injection crude oil is to saturation, simultaneously
From another through hole recovered water and crude oil, close other through hole, the volume of metering recovered water, and until no longer water outlet
Till, then change the volume of through hole metering recovered water；
3.5, under reservoir temperature, 12 hours are waited more than, aged crude oil.
Step 4 may comprise steps of:
4.1, will be located in the top cover center of circle through hole connect gas injection apparatus, gas injection apparatus includes: be positioned at institute
State source of the gas, fluid conversion equipment and constant speed and constant pressure pump that the through hole in the center of circle connects, remaining 4 through hole is connected output
Fluid collection and calibration facility, produced fluid is collected and calibration facility includes: the back-pressure valve being connected with four through holes respectively,
Back-pressure valve controls interface and connects stabilized pressure pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure test equipment, and back-pressure valve outlet connects gas-liquid and divides
From device, the gas outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects gas flow monitor, and the liquid outlet end of gas-liquid separator is even
Connect liquid metering device；
4.2, determining manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block, temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage injecting carbon dioxide in the through hole being positioned at the top cover center of circle, according to ore deposit
The positive five-spot injection-production method that field stimulation requires carries out carbon dioxide flooding exploitation to the crude oil in rock core, from middle well note
Entering carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls of wells simultaneously, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is 0～50MPa, institute
State the pressure of injecting carbon dioxide less than exceeding confined pressure；
4.4, collected by produced fluid and calibration facility measures manufacturing parameter, when this manufacturing parameter includes measuring production fluid
Between, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, and this Liquid output uses
Volume metering equipment measures, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
Or step 4 can also comprise the following steps:
4.1, will be located in the top cover center of circle through hole connect gas injection apparatus, gas injection apparatus includes: be positioned at institute
State source of the gas, fluid conversion equipment and constant speed and constant pressure pump that the through hole in the center of circle connects, remaining 4 through hole is connected output
Fluid collection and calibration facility, produced fluid is collected and calibration facility includes: the back-pressure valve being connected with four through holes respectively,
Back-pressure valve controls interface and connects stabilized pressure pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure test equipment, and back-pressure valve outlet connects gas-liquid and divides
From device, the gas outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects gas flow monitor, and the liquid outlet end of gas-liquid separator is even
Connect liquid metering device；
4.2, determining manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block, temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant current injecting carbon dioxide in the through hole being positioned at the top cover center of circle, according to ore deposit
The positive five-spot injection-production method that field stimulation requires carries out carbon dioxide flooding exploitation to the crude oil in rock core, from middle well note
Enter carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls of wells simultaneously；The injection rate of described injecting carbon dioxide is 0～2000
Ml/min, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is less than exceeding confined pressure；
4.4, collected by produced fluid and calibration facility measures manufacturing parameter, when this manufacturing parameter includes measuring production fluid
Between, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, and this Liquid output uses
Volume metering equipment measures, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
Or step 4 can also comprise the following steps:
4.1, taking out saturated this rock core crossing crude oil, this rock core is put into fracturing unit, gradually pressurization carries out pressure break,
This rock core post-fracturing is reloaded in the cavity of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper；This fracturing unit is high
Pressure pressure break machine；
4.2, the through hole that will be located in the top cover center of circle connects gas injection apparatus, and remaining 4 through hole is connected produced fluid
Collect and calibration facility；
4.3, determine manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block；Temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.4, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage injecting carbon dioxide in the through hole being positioned at the top cover center of circle, from surrounding
4 mouthfuls of wells exploit simultaneously, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is 0～50MPa, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide
Power is less than exceeding confined pressure；
4.5, collected by produced fluid and calibration facility measures manufacturing parameter, when this manufacturing parameter includes measuring production fluid
Between, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, and this Liquid output uses
Volume metering equipment measures, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment simulation side
Method can carry out physical modeling to the truth of oilfield reservoir, the DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION analyzing water drive remaining oil directly perceived, in real time
Record profit volume, and various raising recovery ratio measures are carried out objective appraisal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper of the present invention and experimental provision are made into one
Walk detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the front view of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper.
Fig. 2 is the decomposing schematic representation of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper.
Fig. 3 is the top view of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of plane Five-point method pattern nature imitation experiment device.
Wherein 10. plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, 11. cavitys, 12. through holes, 13. clamping walls,
131. radial direction through hole, 14. top covers, 15. lower covers, 151. axially extending bores, 16. rubber bush, tensioner ring on 17.,
18. pistons, 181. piston rods, 19. times tensioner rings, 21. produced fluids collection and calibration facilities, 31. gases notes
Enter device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper of the present invention is described in detail.A kind of
Plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10, the inside of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10 is provided with
For accommodating the sealing cavity 11 of rock core, one end of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10 is provided with can
Five through holes 12 that the outside of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper is connected with cavity 11, described five
A through hole 12 in through hole 12 is positioned at the central authorities of one end of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, remaining
Four through holes 12 are uniformly distributed around centrally located one through hole 12, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with Fig. 3 institute
Show.
5 a diameter of 3mm through holes 12 have only been bored on the top of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10,
One through hole 12 is in the position in the center of circle, and remaining 4 through hole 12 is uniformly distributed being positioned at around the through hole 12 in the center of circle,
I.e. other 4 through holes 12 around the center of circle in positive cross distribution, as it is shown on figure 3, described 4 through holes 12 are apart from circle
The distance of the heart is 19cm, and pipeline can be connected to described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper by through hole 12
Rock core within 10, and then simulation Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide drive process.
The external structure of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper includes the clamping wall 13 of tubular, clamper
The upper end of wall 13 is sealedly connected with top cover 14 by mechanical snap, and the lower end of clamping wall 13 is close by mechanical snap
Envelope connection has lower cover 15.Top cover 14 edge has multiple screw hole, top cover 14 and clamping wall 13 to be bolted
Connect, it addition, in the present embodiment, top cover 14 has bored 5 a diameter of 3mm through holes 12.
The internal sleeve of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper is provided with rubber bush 16 i.e. such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institute
Showing, rubber bush 16 is set in clamping wall 13.The upper end of rubber bush 16 is by upper tensioner ring 17 and top cover
14 are tightly connected.In utilization tensioner ring 17 upper end of rubber bush 16 is fixed on clamping wall 13 top and with top
Lid 14 connection；Utilize lower tensioner ring 19 that the lower end of rubber bush 16 is fixed on bottom and the piston of clamping wall 13
18 connect；By upper tensioner ring 17 and the fixation of lower tensioner ring 19, clamping wall 13 is formed with rubber bush 16
One seals cavity.Thus realize described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10 top and the sealing of bottom.
In cavity 11, the bottom of rubber bush 16, lower cover 15 top is provided with piston 18, piston 18 and lower cover
15 connect by embedding the seal with elastometic washer that single diameter of section is 3.5mm of piston 18, lower cover 15 and piston rod
181 are connected by two seals with elastometic washer that diameter of section is 1mm embedding lower cover 15 through-hole wall, make piston 18
And form a toroidal cavity sealed between lower cover 15.
Clamping wall 13 is provided with for injecting titanium dioxide in the cavity between clamping wall 13 and rubber bush 16
The radial direction through hole 131 of carbon.When a certain amount of liquid enters into clamping wall 13 and rubber bush from radial direction through hole 131
Time in the toroidal cavity formed between 16, liquid will be full of between clamping wall 13 and rubber bush 16 ring formed
Shape cavity, and then control the confined pressure suffered by rock core.
Lower cover 15 is provided with for injecting carbon dioxide axial in the cavity formed between piston 18 and lower cover 15
Through hole 151.A cavity is defined, when a certain amount of liquid fills from axially extending bore 151 between piston 18 and lower cover 15
The axial compressive force suffered by rock core just can be controlled during this cavity full.
The rock core that this plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper can clamp is a diameter of 40cm, thickness be 4.9～
The disking of 5.1cm, wherein 5 blind holes are bored on rock core top, and to simulate 5 mouthfuls of wells, the degree of depth of well is generally rock core
The 20% to 95% of thickness, the position of 5 blind holes is corresponding with the position of 5 through holes 12 bored on top cover 14.
Specifically a bite well is in the position in the center of circle, and other four mouthfuls of well spacings are from centerwell 19cm and in positive cross distribution.Wherein,
Rock core can carry out frac treatment to simulate channelling rule between well, described frac treatment uses fracturing unit exactly
Processed by seam to carrying out rock core.
A kind of plane Five-point method pattern nature imitation experiment device, this plane Five-point method pattern nature imitation experiment device includes above-mentioned
Plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10, during this plane Five-point method pattern nature imitation experiment device also includes and is positioned at
The gas injection apparatus 31 that the one through hole 12 of centre connects, this plane Five-point method pattern nature imitation experiment device also wraps
Including the produced fluid being connected with remaining four through hole 12 described to collect and calibration facility 21, this plane Five-point method pattern is imitated
True experiment device also includes auxiliary device, as shown in Figure 4.A bite well being positioned at the center of circle is mainly used in the note of carbon dioxide
Enter, and the Si Koujing being positioned at surrounding is mainly used in the collection of simulated oil and water.
Auxiliary device: calorstat, dioxide bottle, constant speed and constant pressure pump, intermediate receptacle, rock core coating.This system
Calorstat can ensure that constant test temperature, and dioxide bottle can provide sufficient source of the gas, constant speed and constant pressure pump, centre
Container may insure that the pressure of gas or flow keep stable, and rock core coating plays and prevents carbon dioxide corrosion rock core from clamping
The purpose of device rubber bush (16).
Gas injection apparatus (31) generally comprises: be connected source of the gas, stream with centrally located one through hole (12)
Body conversion equipment and constant speed and constant pressure pump, if generally also needing to trunk pipeline, UNICOM's valve etc..Wherein source of the gas is carbon dioxide,
This device can complete the experiments such as saturated formation water, saturated crude oil, injecting carbon dioxide.
Produced fluid is collected and calibration facility (21) generally comprises: be connected with remaining four through hole (12) described respectively
Back-pressure valve, back-pressure valve controls interface and connects stabilized pressure pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure test equipment, and back-pressure valve exports
Connecting gas-liquid separator, the gas outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects gas flow monitor, the liquid of gas-liquid separator
The body port of export connects liquid metering device.This device can complete the separation to gas liquid output object, to gas liquid
The collection of output object, and measure output time, liquid output object volume, gas output object instantaneous delivery or integrated flow,
The record of output pressure and other parameters.
Plane Five-point method pattern emulation experiment method is described below.
Embodiment 1
For homogenizing low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide constant voltage displacement of reservoir oil emulation experiment method, including following step
Rapid:
Step one: select rock core and bore and above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper at described core surface
Five blind holes that described five through holes 12 on 10 are corresponding；Concrete, including:
1.1, natural core or artificial core are chosen, with sand paper or electric saw polishing rock core, it is ensured that core surface is smooth,
Further, moderate dimensions, clamper can be loaded.
1.2, in the uniform coating thickness of core surface about 0.2～the coating of 0.4mm, in being then placed on baking oven, it is dried coating,
The painting method that this method is recommended is along single direction with scraping blade, by face by resin at core surface drawout.
1.3, the upper surface at rock core carries out drilling well, i.e. simulates drilling well, a diameter of 3mm of well, note by drilling blind hole
The position of meaning rock core well is corresponding with the position of the through hole 12 on top cover 14 with distance, with ensure pipeline can smooth from
The well through hole 12 by top cover, with hydrofluoric acid treatment pit shaft to prevent powder from blocking the borehole wall, then rushes with the water of flowing
Go out the powder at rock core wellhole, be then placed on drying in oven.
Step 2: described rock core is loaded in above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10；Concrete,
Including:
2.1, clean clamping wall 13, and on base piston 18, pad the rubber blanket that thickness is 1mm～40mm,
Play protection rock core, prevent metal from pressing against bad rock core coating and the effect preventing gas from leaking.
2.2, open top cover 14, described rock core is loaded above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10
In cavity 11, and top cover 14 is installed, alternately adds axial compression and ring pressure to plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper 10.
2.3, making 5 pipelines, being inserted in the well of rock core, by pressure cap being fixed on the appointment position of pipeline
Control the degree of depth of pit shaft, and prevent from well cementation and core surface coating coating procedure block rock core.
2.4, for preventing CO2 gas from oozing out rock core by the borehole wall, and corrode clamper, pour on pit shaft with epoxy resin
The rock core groove in portion is to realize well cementation, but does not fill the space between the well of rock core and pipeline in order to avoid blocking rock core.
2.5, on rock core upper surface pad, thickness is the rubber blanket of 1mm～40mm, plays protection rock core, prevents metal
Press against bad rock core coating and the effect preventing gas from leaking, lift top cover 14, note ensureing that the position of well is the most corresponding
5 through holes 12 of top cover 14, it is ensured that pipeline passes through top cover 14, vertically fall top cover 14, and will with bolt
Top cover press-in clamper 11, the nut tighted a bolt thus closed roof 14.
2.6, at the axially extending bore 151 of lower cover 15, in axial compression space, inject certain clear water, provide certain for rock core
Axial compression, thus fixing rock core.
2.7, empty to the sealing between clamping wall 13 and rubber bush 16 with hand pump from being radially injected at mouth 131
Intracavity injects a certain amount of clear water, and then the confined pressure of control rock core, notices that the confined pressure of rock core is less than axial compression.
Step 3: be implanted sequentially water and crude oil in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper, set up constraint
Water saturation；Concrete, including:
3.1, being connected to be positioned on top cover 14 through hole 12 in the center of circle by vacuum pump by pipeline, this through hole 12 is flatly
Simulation producing well, closed other four mouthfuls of wells around, to rock core vacuumizing about 2～4 hours.
3.2, hand pump is connected to be positioned on top cover 14 through hole 12 in the center of circle by pipeline, closes other four mouthfuls of wells,
Injecting formation water to saturation to this through hole 12 being positioned at the center of circle, the pore volume of rock core is i.e. equal to injecting water
Volume.
3.3, adopt the most flatly in the entrance and remaining four mouthfuls of well of injection well with the through hole 12 being positioned at the center of circle with injection pump
Oil well is outlet, surveys the permeability in this direction of rock core, then changes extraction well, finally give the infiltration on four direction
Rate.
3.4, to the rock core saturated oils in clamper:
Crude oil is injected, simultaneously from another through hole in plane Five-point method pattern emulation is with the through hole 12 of clamper 10
12 recovered waters and crude oil, close other through hole 12, the volume of this process recovered water to be measured, and until no longer go out
Till water, then change through hole 12 and repeat said process.Wherein, the cumulative volume of accumulation recovered water is former in being rock core
The volume of oil, pore volume and its difference are VBW.
During noting whole saturated oils, fluid to be kept to flow in the same direction as far as possible, and want the beginning in displacement direction
End portion starts displacement, the most gradually changes the through hole 12 adopted of note successively along displacement direction until terminal.
3.5, under reservoir temperature, 12 hours are waited more than, with aged crude oil.
Step 4: inject titanium dioxide in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper by above-mentioned injection device
Carbon, by above-mentioned data acquisition and output carbon dioxide caliberating device collection experiments of measuring parameter, in the present embodiment,
The carbon dioxide now injected in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper is carbon dioxide.Specifically
, including:
4.1, according to connecting equipment shown in Fig. 4, the through hole 12 that will be located in top cover 14 center of circle connects gas injection apparatus
31, wherein, gas injection apparatus 31 generally comprises: be connected source of the gas, stream with centrally located one through hole 12
Body conversion equipment and constant speed and constant pressure pump, if generally also needing to trunk pipeline, UNICOM's valve etc.；By remaining 4 through hole 12
Connecting produced fluid to collect and calibration facility 21, wherein, produced fluid is collected and calibration facility 21 generally comprises: point
The back-pressure valve not being connected with four through holes 12, back-pressure valve controls interface and connects stabilized pressure pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure
Test equipment, back-pressure valve outlet connects gas-liquid separator, and the gas outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects gas flow monitoring
Device, the liquid outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects liquid metering device.
4.2, according to analog simulation experiment it needs to be determined that manufacturing parameter, wherein, set the back pressure oil as target block
The static bottom hole pressure (i.e. strata pressure) of well；Temperature is the formation temperature of target block, althoughs note that pressure does not exceeds
50MPa, within temperature should be maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C.
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage injecting carbon dioxide in the through hole 12 being positioned at top cover 14 center of circle,
The positive five-spot injection-production method of requirement according to mining site simulation carries out carbon dioxide flooding exploitation to the crude oil in rock core, i.e. from
Intermediate wells injecting carbon dioxide, exploits from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls simultaneously；Wherein injection pressure as required generally 0～
50MPa, althoughs note that and does not exceeds confined pressure.
4.4, collected by produced fluid and calibration facility 21 measure manufacturing parameter, as measure the production fluid time, Liquid output,
Gas production；Wherein, the production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, such as stem-winder, electronic watch etc.；
Liquid output uses the metering of volume metering equipment, such as graduated cylinder, or the metering of mass metrology equipment, such as electronic balance；Gas production
Use the metering of gas dosing equipment, such as mass-flow gas meter.
In the specific period producing simulation experiment, as carbon dioxide occurs serious channelling period, can be according to experiment
Requirement carries out well stimulation, such as profile control, water blockoff.
Embodiment 2
For homogenizing low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide constant flow displacement of reservoir oil emulation experiment method, including following
Step:
Step one: select rock core and bore and above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper at described core surface
(10) five blind holes that described five through holes (12) on are corresponding；
Step 2: described rock core is loaded in above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；
Step 3: be implanted sequentially water and former in the rock core in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)
Oil, sets up irreducible water saturation；
Step 4: by above-mentioned gas injection apparatus (31) in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper
Inject fluid, collected by above-mentioned produced fluid and calibration facility (21) gathers experiments of measuring parameter, in this enforcement
In example, the fluid now injected in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper is carbon dioxide.
Four steps in the present embodiment are essentially identical with four steps in embodiment 1, differ only in step 4,
Specifically: in the step 4 of the present embodiment,
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant current to inject dioxy in the through hole (12) being positioned at top cover (14) center of circle
Change carbon, according to the positive five-spot injection-production method of the requirement of mining site simulation, the crude oil in rock core is carried out carbon dioxide flooding and open
Adopt, i.e. from intermediate wells injecting carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls simultaneously；Wherein injection pressure is the most general
It is 0～2000ml/min, althoughs note that and do not exceed confined pressure.
Remaining details is all identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeats.
Embodiment 3
For crack low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide constant voltage displacement of reservoir oil emulation experiment method, including following step
Rapid:
Step one: select rock core and bore and above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper at described core surface
(10) five blind holes that described five through holes (12) on are corresponding；
Step 2: described rock core is loaded in above-mentioned plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；
Step 3: be implanted sequentially water and former in the rock core in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)
Oil, sets up irreducible water saturation；
The details of above three step is identical with the step one in embodiment 1 to step 3, no longer repeats, the most in steps
Four is different, the step 4 being described below in the present embodiment.
Step 4: by above-mentioned gas injection apparatus (31) in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper
Inject fluid, collected by above-mentioned produced fluid and calibration facility (21) gathers experiments of measuring parameter, in this enforcement
In example, the fluid now injected in described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper is carbon dioxide.Specifically
, including:
4.1, taking out the saturated rock core crossing crude oil, rock core is put into fracturing unit, gradually pressurization carries out pressure break, will
During after pressure break, rock core reloads the cavity (11) of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；Wherein, pressure
The equipment of splitting is generally high pressure fracture machine.
4.2, according to connecting equipment shown in Fig. 4, the through hole (12) that will be located in top cover (14) center of circle connects gas note
Enter device (31), remaining 4 through hole (12) is connected produced fluid and collects and calibration facility (21).
4.3, according to analog simulation experiment it needs to be determined that manufacturing parameter, wherein, set the back pressure oil as target block
The static bottom hole pressure (i.e. strata pressure) of well；Temperature is the formation temperature of target block, althoughs note that pressure does not exceeds
50MPa, within temperature should be maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C.
4.4, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage to inject dioxy in the through hole (12) being positioned at top cover (14) center of circle
Change carbon, according to the positive five-spot injection-production method of the requirement of mining site simulation, the crude oil in rock core is carried out carbon dioxide flooding and open
Adopt, i.e. from intermediate wells injecting carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls simultaneously；Wherein injection pressure is the most general
It is 0～50MPa, althoughs note that and do not exceed confined pressure.
4.5, collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) measures manufacturing parameter, as measured production fluid time, product
Liquid measure, gas production；Wherein, the production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, such as stem-winder, electronics
Table etc.；Liquid output uses the metering of volume metering equipment, such as graduated cylinder, or the metering of mass metrology equipment, such as electronic balance；
Gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment, such as mass-flow gas meter.
In the specific period producing simulation experiment, as carbon dioxide occurs serious channelling period, can be according to experiment
Requirement carries out well stimulation, such as profile control, water blockoff.
Claims (9)
1. a low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method, it is characterised in that
Described low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method employs plane five-spot well
Network simulation clamper (10), the inside of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10) are provided with for holding
Receiving the sealing cavity (11) of rock core, the external structure of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10) includes
The clamping wall (13) of tubular, the upper end of clamping wall (13) is sealedly connected with top cover (14) by mechanical snap,
The lower end of clamping wall (13) is sealedly connected with lower cover (15) by mechanical snap, and top cover is drilled with 5 on (14)
Through hole (12), a through hole (12) in 5 through holes (12) in the position in the center of circle, remaining 4 through hole (12)
It is uniformly distributed being positioned at around the through hole (12) in the center of circle；
The internal sleeve of described plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10) is provided with rubber bush (16) and piston (18),
Rubber bush (16) is set in clamping wall (13), seals cavity (11) and is positioned at rubber bush (16),
Piston (18) is positioned at bottom and the top of lower cover (15) of rubber bush (16), and clamping wall (13) sets
Have for the radial direction through hole of injecting carbon dioxide in the cavity between clamping wall (13) and rubber bush (16)
(131), lower cover (15) is provided with for injecting two in the cavity formed between piston (18) and lower cover (15)
The axially extending bore (151) of carbonoxide；
Described low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method comprises the following steps:
Step one: select rock core and bore and in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10) at described core surface
Corresponding five blind holes of five through holes (12), these five blind holes are for 5 mouthfuls of wells of simulation；
Step 2: described rock core is loaded in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；
Step 3: be implanted sequentially water and crude oil in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10), sets up constraint
Water saturation；
Step 4: injected with in clamper (10) to plane Five-point method pattern emulation by gas injection apparatus (31)
Carbon dioxide, is collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) gathers experiments of measuring parameter；
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
3.1, vacuum pump is connected to be positioned on top cover (14) through hole (12) in the center of circle, this through hole (12) by pipeline
For simulation producing well flatly, close other four through holes (12) corresponding to four mouthfuls of wells around, described rock core is taken out very
Empty 2 hours～4 hours；
3.2, hand pump is connected to be positioned on top cover (14) through hole (12) in the center of circle by pipeline, close other four
Four through holes (12) mouthful corresponding to well, are positioned at through hole (12) injection formation water in the center of circle to saturation to this,
The pore volume of this rock core is equal to the volume injecting water；
3.3, with injection pump be positioned at the center of circle through hole (12) be inject well entrance, remaining four through hole (12)
In a through hole (12) be the outlet of producing well, survey the permeability of this rock core, then change producing well, final
Permeability on four direction；
3.4, in plane Five-point method pattern emulation is with a through hole (12) of clamper (10), crude oil is injected to full
And state, simultaneously from another through hole (12) recovered water and crude oil, close other through hole (12), measure recovered water
Volume, and till no longer water outlet, then change the volume of through hole (12) metering recovered water；
3.5, under reservoir temperature, 12 hours are waited more than, aged crude oil.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 1 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step one comprises the following steps:
1.1, choose natural core or artificial core, polish this rock core with sand paper or electric saw；
1.2, in the coating of core surface uniform coating thickness about 0.2mm～0.4mm, it is dried in being then placed on baking oven and is coated with
Layer；
1.3, the upper surface at rock core bores described five blind holes, and described five blind holes are 5 mouthfuls of wells, this well a diameter of
3mm, the degree of depth of this well is about 5cm, and the position of this well and distance and plane Five-point method pattern emulation are with clamper (10)
Top cover (14) on the position of through hole (12) corresponding, go out the powder of this Jing Chu with the water of flowing, be then placed on
Drying in oven.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 2 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that in step 1.2, described in be applied to scraping blade along single direction at core surface drawout
Coating.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 2 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step 2 comprises the following steps:
2.1, clean clamping wall (13), and on piston (18), pad the rubber blanket that upper thickness is 1mm～40mm；
2.2, open top cover (14), described rock core is loaded the sky of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)
In chamber (11)；
2.3, make 5 pipelines to be inserted respectively in 5 mouthfuls of wells of described rock core, by pressure cap is fixed on described pipe
The position of specifying of line controls the degree of depth of pit shaft；
2.4, the rock core groove realization well cementation of described upper wellbore is poured with epoxy resin.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 4 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step 2 is further comprising the steps of:
2.5, on the upper surface pad of described rock core, thickness is the rubber blanket of 1mm～40mm, lifting top cover (14), makes
5 through holes (12) of the position of described well vertically corresponding top cover (14), make described pipeline pass through top cover (14),
Vertically fall top cover (14), and with bolt by top cover (14) press-in plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10),
Top cover (14) is made to close；
2.6, from the axially extending bore (151) of lower cover (15), in axial compression space, inject certain clear water, carry to rock core
For certain axial compression；
2.7, from radial direction through hole (131) with hand pump to clamping wall (13) and rubber bush (16) between
Inject a certain amount of clear water in sealing cavity, control the confined pressure of described rock core.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 5 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that the confined pressure described in step 2.7 is less than the axial compression described in step 2.6.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 4 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step 4 comprises the following steps:
4.1, the through hole (12) that will be located in top cover (14) center of circle connects gas injection apparatus (31), and gas injects dress
Put (31) to include: source of the gas, fluid conversion equipment and the constant speed and constant pressure being connected with the through hole (12) being positioned at the described center of circle
Remaining 4 through hole (12) is connected produced fluids and collects and calibration facility (21) by pump, produced fluid collect and
Calibration facility (21) including: the back-pressure valve being connected with four through holes (12) respectively, and back-pressure valve controls interface and connects steady
Press pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure test equipment, back-pressure valve outlet connects gas-liquid separator, the gas of gas-liquid separator
The body port of export connects gas flow monitor, and the liquid outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects liquid metering device；
4.2, determining manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block, temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage to inject dioxy in the through hole (12) being positioned at top cover (14) center of circle
Change carbon, according to the positive five-spot injection-production method that mining site simulation requires, the crude oil in rock core carried out carbon dioxide flooding exploitation,
From middle well injecting carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls of wells simultaneously, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide be 0～
50MPa, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is less than confined pressure；
4.4, being collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) measures manufacturing parameter, this manufacturing parameter includes measuring
Production fluid time, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, this production fluid
Amount uses the metering of volume metering equipment, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 4 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step 4 comprises the following steps:
4.1, the through hole (12) that will be located in top cover (14) center of circle connects gas injection apparatus (31), and gas injects dress
Put (31) to include: source of the gas, fluid conversion equipment and the constant speed and constant pressure being connected with the through hole (12) being positioned at the described center of circle
Remaining 4 through hole (12) is connected produced fluids and collects and calibration facility (21) by pump, produced fluid collect and
Calibration facility (21) including: the back-pressure valve being connected with four through holes (12) respectively, and back-pressure valve controls interface and connects steady
Press pump, pressure buffer equipment and pressure test equipment, back-pressure valve outlet connects gas-liquid separator, the gas of gas-liquid separator
The body port of export connects gas flow monitor, and the liquid outlet end of gas-liquid separator connects liquid metering device；
4.2, determining manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block, temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.3, determine injection-production method, use constant current to inject dioxy in the through hole (12) being positioned at top cover (14) center of circle
Change carbon, according to the positive five-spot injection-production method that mining site simulation requires, the crude oil in rock core carried out carbon dioxide flooding exploitation,
From middle well injecting carbon dioxide, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls of wells simultaneously；The injection rate of described injecting carbon dioxide is
0ml/min～2000ml/min, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is less than confined pressure；
4.4, being collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) measures manufacturing parameter, this manufacturing parameter includes measuring
Production fluid time, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, this production fluid
Amount uses the metering of volume metering equipment, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment the most according to claim 4 is simulated
Method, it is characterised in that step 4 comprises the following steps:
4.1, taking out saturated this rock core crossing crude oil, this rock core is put into fracturing unit, gradually pressurization carries out pressure break,
This rock core post-fracturing is reloaded in the cavity (11) of plane Five-point method pattern emulation clamper (10)；Should
Fracturing unit is high pressure fracture machine；
4.2, will be located in top cover (14) center of circle through hole (12) connect gas injection apparatus (31), by remaining 4
Individual through hole (12) connects produced fluid and collects and calibration facility (21)；
4.3, determine manufacturing parameter, set the back pressure static bottom hole pressure as the oil well of target block；Temperature is target area
The formation temperature of block, described pressure is less than or equal to 50MPa, and described temperature is maintained at 0 DEG C～100 DEG C；
4.4, determine injection-production method, use constant voltage to inject dioxy in the through hole (12) being positioned at top cover (14) center of circle
Changing carbon, exploit from the 4 of surrounding mouthfuls of wells simultaneously, the pressure of described injecting carbon dioxide is 0MPa～50MPa, described note
Enter the pressure of carbon dioxide less than confined pressure；
4.5, being collected by produced fluid and calibration facility (21) measures manufacturing parameter, this manufacturing parameter includes measuring
Production fluid time, Liquid output, gas production；This production fluid time uses time supervision equipment or timing device metering, this production fluid
Amount uses the metering of volume metering equipment, and this gas production uses the metering of gas dosing equipment.
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