CN111878071B - Stratum simulation system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Stratum simulation system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111878071B CN111878071B CN201911120672.5A CN201911120672A CN111878071B CN 111878071 B CN111878071 B CN 111878071B CN 201911120672 A CN201911120672 A CN 201911120672A CN 111878071 B CN111878071 B CN 111878071B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a stratum simulation system and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of oil and gas storage. The formation simulation system (00) comprises: a gas reservoir (10), a first simulation device (20) and a second simulation device (30). When the stratum simulation system (00) simulates the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum, the target gas in the gas storage tank (10) can drive the oily vapor in the first simulation equipment (20) to be mixed with the solid powder in the second simulation equipment (30), the oily vapor in the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder is converted into oil stains and then is adhered to rock particles of each tray (302) in the second simulation equipment (30), and the state of the plugs entering the stratum can be simulated, so that the accuracy of determining the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum is improved, and the reliability of an injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule is further effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of oil and gas storage, and in particular to a formation simulation system and a method of using the same.
Background
When the underground gas storage is used for storing natural gas, the blockage can possibly enter the stratum along with the natural gas, so that the gas storage capacity of the underground gas storage is reduced. Wherein the plugs are typically solid dust distributed in the injection well of the underground gas reservoir and oil stains generated by the engine oil used in the injection equipment for injecting or collecting natural gas. Therefore, there is a need to observe and analyze the distribution of plugs into the formation to determine a better injection and production process based on the distribution of plugs into the formation later.
In the related art, the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum is observed mainly through a scanning electron microscope. Because the plugs are mainly distributed in tiny pores and microcracks of stratum rocks, and the scanning electron microscope can amplify the rock particles by 1000-50000 times, operators can observe the rock particles through the scanning electron microscope, and then the distribution rule of the plugs is obtained.
However, plugs observed by scanning electron microscopy have randomness, and only small areas of pores and plugs within microcracks can be observed at a time, and do not fully reflect the distribution of plugs into the formation. Therefore, the accuracy of the distribution rule of the plugs obtained by observation through the scanning electron microscope is low, resulting in low reliability of the injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a stratum simulation system and a using method thereof. The problem that in the prior art, the accuracy of a distribution rule of plugs obtained through observation of a scanning electron microscope is low, so that the reliability of an injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule is low can be solved, and the technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided a formation simulation system comprising:
The gas storage tank is used for storing target gas;
a first simulation device comprising: the first box body is positioned in the first cup body and is connected with the end face of the first end of the first box body, the first end of the first box body is communicated with the air storage tank, and the first cup body is used for bearing oily liquid;
a second simulation device comprising: the first end of the second box body is communicated with the second end of the first box body, each tray is used for bearing rock particles, and the second cup body is used for bearing solid powder;
the gas storage tank is used for bearing the oily liquid on the first cup body, each tray bears the rock particles, and the target gas is injected into the first box body after the second cup body bears the solid powder;
the first simulation device is used for heating the first box body through the heating component when the target gas is injected into the first box body from the gas storage tank, so that the oily liquid is converted into oily vapor;
The second simulation device is used for conducting the second cup body and the second box body through the valve assembly when the heating assembly heats the first box body, so that the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder enter the second box body after being mixed.
Optionally, the density of rock particles carried by each tray increases progressively in a direction from the first end of the second casing to the second end of the second casing.
Optionally, the material of the side wall of the second box body is transparent, and the material of the side wall of each tray is transparent.
Optionally, the formation simulation system further comprises: a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline;
the first end of the first pipeline is communicated with the air storage tank, and the second end of the first pipeline is communicated with the first end of the first box body;
the first end of the second pipeline is communicated with the second end of the first box body, and the second end of the second pipeline is communicated with the first end of the second box body;
the first end of the third pipeline is communicated with the second cup body, the second end of the third pipeline is communicated with the second pipeline, and the valve assembly is located in the third pipeline.
Optionally, the first simulation device further includes: a temperature sensing assembly located within the first housing;
the formation simulation system further includes: and the terminal is used for controlling the heating parameters of the heating assembly based on the temperature in the first box body detected by the temperature detection assembly so as to enable the temperature in the first box body to be raised to a specified temperature.
Optionally, the second simulation device further includes: the first pressure detection component and the second pressure detection component are positioned in the second box body, the first pressure detection component is connected with the end face of the first end of the second box body, the second pressure detection component is connected with the end face of the second end of the second box body, and the first pressure detection component and the second pressure detection component are in communication connection with the terminal;
the formation simulation system further includes: the gas flow detection device is also in communication connection with the terminal;
The terminal is also used for determining the seepage rate in the second box body based on the pressure value detected by the first pressure detection component, the pressure value detected by the second pressure detection component and the gas flow rate detected by the gas flow rate detection device.
Optionally, the formation simulation system further comprises: the image acquisition equipment is used for shooting the second box body, and communication connection is established between the image acquisition equipment and the terminal.
Optionally, the shape of the second box body is cylindrical, the second box body comprises two sub-box bodies which are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetry planes of the two sub-box bodies are parallel to the straight line where the height of the second box body is located.
Optionally, the second box body further includes: the first end cover is detachably connected with the first ends of the two sub-box bodies, and the second end cover is detachably connected with the second ends of the two sub-box bodies.
In another aspect, a method for using a formation simulation system is provided, where the method is applied to any one of the formation simulation systems in the first aspect, and the method includes:
after the first cup body bears the oily liquid and each tray bears the rock particles, the second cup body bears the solid powder, and the gas storage tank injects the target gas into the first box body;
The first simulation device heats the first box body through the heating component so as to convert the oily liquid into oily vapor;
the second simulation device conducts the second cup body and the second box body through the valve component, so that the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder enter the second box body after being mixed.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the beneficial effects that:
the formation simulation system includes: the device comprises a gas storage tank, a first simulation device and a second simulation device. When the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum is simulated through the stratum simulation system, the target gas in the gas storage tank can drive the oily vapor in the first simulation equipment to be mixed with the solid powder in the second simulation equipment, then the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder can be adhered to rock particles of each tray in the second simulation equipment after the oily vapor in the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder are converted into greasy dirt, the state of the plugs entering the stratum can be simulated, the distribution rule of the mixture of the greasy dirt converted from the oily vapor and the solid powder in each tray is observed and analyzed, and the distribution rule can be used as the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum, so that the accuracy of determining the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum is improved, and the reliability of an injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a formation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another formation modeling system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the disassembly of a second case according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a further formation modeling system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of using a formation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of clarity, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure, the following further details the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a formation simulation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The formation simulation system 00 may include: a gas tank 10, a first simulation device 20 and a second simulation device 30.
The gas tank 10 is used to store a target gas that does not react with other substances at normal temperature (i.e., temperature between 20 deg.c and 25 deg.c). For example, the target gas may be nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or the like.
The first simulation device 20 may include: the first box 201, be located the first cup 202 of first box 201 in, and with the heating element 203 that the terminal surface of first end of first box 201 is connected, the first end of this first box 201 communicates with gas holder 10, and first cup 202 is used for carrying oily liquid, and oily liquid is used for the greasy dirt in the simulation plug. Illustratively, the first cup 202 is disposed on an end face of the first end within the first housing 201.
The second simulation device may include: the first end of the second case 301 is in communication with the second end of the first case 201, the second case 301, the plurality of trays 302 detachably connected to the inner wall of the second case 301, the second cup 303 positioned outside the second case 301 and in communication with the first end of the second case 301, and the valve assembly 304 positioned between the second case 301 and the second cup 303. Each tray 302 is for carrying rock particles for simulating a formation; the second cup 303 is used to carry solid powder that is used to simulate solid dust in a plug. Illustratively, the second cup 303 may be an inverted cone-shaped structure, and the top end of the inverted cone-shaped structure is provided with an opening for communicating with the first end of the second box 301, and the valve assembly 304 may be a one-way valve, which may prevent the solid powder flowing out of the second cup 303 from flowing back into the second cup 303 after the valve assembly 304 is opened.
Wherein, the air storage tank 10 is used for bearing oily liquid in the first cup 202, each tray 302 bears rock particles, and after the second cup 303 bears solid powder, target gas is injected into the first box 201.
The first simulation device 20 is used for heating the first cartridge 201 through the heating assembly 203 to convert the oily liquid into oily vapor when the target gas is injected into the first cartridge 201 from the gas container 10.
The second simulation device 30 is configured to, when the heating assembly 203 heats the first box 201, conduct the second cup 303 with the second box 301 through the valve assembly 304, so that the target gas, the oil vapor and the solid powder are mixed and then enter the second box 301.
When it is desired to simulate the formation condition after the obstruction has entered the formation using the formation simulation system shown in fig. 1, first, an operator needs to pour an oily liquid into the first cup 202, place rock particles in each tray 302, and place solid powder in the second cup 303; thereafter, the temperature in the first box 201 is heated and maintained to the temperature of the rock stratum to be simulated by the heating assembly 203, so that the oily liquid in the first cup 202 is replaced by oily vapor; then, the operator may open the gas tank 10 to allow the target gas to enter the first box 201 and mix with the oily vapor, and at the same time, the operator may open the valve assembly 304 in the second simulation device 30 to allow the mixture of the target gas and the oily vapor to enter the second box 301 after mixing with the solid powder, and close the gas tank 10 after introducing the target gas for a period of time (the period of time is a predetermined fixed period of time, which is not limited herein), so as to stop injecting the target gas, thereby completing the simulation of the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum; finally, after the temperatures of the first simulation device 20 and the second simulation device 30 are cooled, the operator may take out each tray 302 in the second simulation device 30, and observe and analyze the distribution rule of the mixture of the oil stain converted from the oil vapor and the solid powder in each tray 302, and may take the distribution rule as the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum, so that the injection and production process may be determined based on the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum in the following.
It should be noted that, because the greasy dirt in the plugs is generated by the engine oil, the lubricating oil and the lead oil used in the injection and production equipment for injecting or collecting the natural gas, in order to more accurately simulate the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum, the oily liquid may be a mixture of the engine oil, the lubricating oil and the lead oil, for example, the ratio of the oily liquid in the mixture is: 60% of engine oil, 30% of lubricating oil and 10% of lead oil; in the preparation of rock particles, rock of the formation to be simulated may be sampled and broken into rock particles by a breaker.
It should be further noted that, by replacing the engine oil, the lubricating oil and the lead oil with different qualities in the oily liquid and performing the above simulation operation on each oily liquid, different distribution rules of each oily liquid in the tray 302 can be observed, so that the damage degree of each oily liquid to the underground gas storage and the stratum in the actual gas storage process can be evaluated, and further, the oily liquid with the minimum damage degree to the underground gas storage and the stratum can be determined, and the oily liquid with the minimum damage degree to the underground gas storage and the stratum is used as the follow-up injection and production equipment to use the engine oil, the lubricating oil and the lead oil with corresponding qualities.
In summary, the formation simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: the device comprises a gas storage tank, a first simulation device and a second simulation device. When the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum is simulated through the stratum simulation system, the target gas in the gas storage tank can drive the oily vapor in the first simulation equipment to be mixed with the solid powder in the second simulation equipment, then the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder can be adhered to rock particles of each tray in the second simulation equipment after the oily vapor in the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder are converted into greasy dirt, the state of the plugs entering the stratum can be simulated, the distribution rule of the mixture of the greasy dirt converted from the oily vapor and the solid powder in each tray is observed and analyzed, and the distribution rule can be used as the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum, so that the accuracy of determining the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum is improved, and the reliability of an injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule is effectively improved.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another formation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The formation simulation system 00 may further include: a pressure reducing assembly 40, a first valve 50, and a one-way valve 60 connected in sequence with the air reservoir 10. The pressure relief assembly 40 may include: a pressure relief valve 401 and a first pressure gauge 402. Before the air tank 10 is opened, it is necessary to ensure that the first valve 50 is in a closed state; after the gas tank 10 is opened, the pressure of the target gas in the gas tank 10 is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 401, and when the pressure detected by the first pressure gauge 402 is the same as the pressure required by the formation simulation system 00, the first valve 50 is opened to discharge the target gas. The check valve 60 prevents the gas in the first and second simulation apparatuses 20 and 30 from flowing back into the gas tank 10. By way of example, the pressure required by the formation modeling system 00 may be the pressure of natural gas during actual gas storage.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the density of the rock in the stratum gradually increases from top to bottom, in order to better simulate the rock structure of the stratum, the density of the rock particles carried by each tray 302 may gradually increase along the direction from the first end of the second case 301 to the second end of the second case 301. For example, the gradient range in which the density of the rock particles gradually increases in the direction from the first end of the second casing 301 to the second end of the second casing 301 may be a fixed value set in advance, for example, rock particles having a particle diameter of 20 to 40 mesh (mesh: the particle diameter representing particles capable of passing through a screen, the higher the mesh number, the smaller the particle diameter) may be classified as one gradient, rock particles having a particle diameter of 40 to 70 mesh may be classified as the next gradient, and so on. Meanwhile, when rock particles in different particle size ranges are selected, the rock particles can be screened by means of screens with corresponding mesh numbers, so that the rock particles with the required particle size can be obtained.
It should be noted that, each tray 302 is uniformly distributed in the second box 301, the bottom of each tray 302 may be a mesh structure, and the mesh size of the mesh structure is matched with the size of the particle size of the rock particles correspondingly carried. That is, the mesh size of the mesh-like structure in each tray 302 needs to be smaller than the size of the particle size of the corresponding bearing rock particulate matter.
Optionally, the material of the side wall of the second box 301 is a transparent material, and the material of the side wall of each tray 302 is also a transparent material. At this time, when the formation simulation system 00 simulates the distribution rule of the plugs entering the formation, the operator can observe the whole simulation distribution process through the second box 301 made of transparent materials; when each tray 302 is taken out for observation and analysis, each tray 302 with transparent side walls can enable operators to observe the distribution rule of the plugs of the longitudinal direction of rock particles in each tray 302. So that the distribution rule of the mixture of the greasy dirt converted by the oily vapor and the solid powder in each tray 302 can be better observed and analyzed.
In embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 2, formation simulation system 00 may further include: a first conduit 70, a second conduit 80, and a third conduit 90; a first end of the first pipe 70 communicates with the air tank 10, and a second end of the first pipe 70 communicates with a first end of the first case 201; a first end of the second conduit 80 communicates with a second end of the first cartridge 201, and a second end of the second conduit 80 communicates with a first end of the second cartridge 301;
a first end of the third conduit 90 communicates with the second cup 303 and a second end of the third conduit 90 communicates with the second conduit 80, with a valve assembly 304 located within the third conduit 90. When the valve assembly 304 is in the closed state, the valve assembly 304 can prevent the solid powder carried in the second cup 303 from falling into the second box 301; when the valve assembly 304 is in the open state, the target gas, the oil vapor, and the solid powder can be mixed and then enter the second container 301.
It should be noted that, the two ends of the first box 201 and the second box 301 are provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, and the second end of the first pipeline 70 is communicated with the air inlet hole at the first end of the first box 201; the first end of the second pipeline 80 is communicated with the air outlet hole of the second end of the first box 201; a second end of the second pipe 80 communicates with an air inlet hole of the first end of the second casing 301.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first simulation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The first simulation device 20 may further include: a temperature detection assembly 204 located within the first housing 201; the formation simulation system 00 may further include: a terminal 100 in communication with the temperature detecting assembly 204, the terminal 100 further in communication with the heating assembly 203, the terminal 100 being configured to control a heating parameter of the heating assembly 203 to raise the temperature in the first case 201 to a specified temperature based on the temperature in the first case 201 detected by the temperature detecting assembly 204. By way of example, the heating parameters may include: heating time and heating temperature. At this time, in order to more accurately simulate the distribution rule of the plugs entering the formation, the temperature in the first box 201 needs to be heated to the formation temperature to be simulated, and the terminal 100 may control the heating assembly 203 to heat the temperature in the first box 201 to the formation temperature to be simulated by receiving the temperature information in the first box 201 detected by the temperature detecting assembly 204, thereby more accurately simulating the distribution rule of the plugs entering the formation.
It should be noted that, the communication connection in the embodiments of the present disclosure refers to a communication connection established through a wired network or a wireless network. When communicatively coupled via a wired network, formation simulation system 00 may further include: a communication cable 110 (e.g., a data line) for establishing a communication connection between the terminal 100 and the first analog device 20. The first simulation device 20 may further include: a data interface 205 located on the first case 201, to which data interface 205 the heating assembly 203 and the temperature sensing assembly 204 of the first simulation device 20 may be connected, a first end of the communication cable 110 is connected to the data interface 205 and a second end of the communication cable 110 is connected to the terminal 100.
Optionally, the first simulation device 20 may further include: a support 206 for supporting the first cup 202, and the support 206 is a mesh structure. The stand 206 is used to separate the first cup 202 from the heating assembly 203, so that the oily liquid in the first cup 202 can be uniformly volatilized by heating when the heating assembly 203 starts heating. And the mesh-structured holder 206 allows the target gas to enter the first container 201, thereby being mixed with the heated and volatilized oily vapor.
Optionally, the first simulation device 20 may further include: a top cover 201a is detachably connected to the second end of the first case 201, and the top cover 201a should be provided with a sealing ring to ensure tightness of the first case 201. When the oily liquid in the first cup 202 needs to be replaced, the oily liquid in the first cup 202 can be replaced after the connection between the first case 201 and the top cover 207 is released. For example, the top cover 207 may be threadably coupled to the first case 201. It should be noted that, the materials of the side wall of the first case 201 and the end surface of the second end are both insulation materials, so that the heating efficiency of the heating assembly 203 is improved.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 2 and 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second simulation apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The second simulation device 30 may further include: a first pressure detecting component 306 and a second pressure detecting component 307 are located in the second box 301, the first pressure detecting component 306 is connected with the end face of the first end of the second box 301, the second pressure detecting component 307 is connected with the end face of the second end of the second box 301, and both the first pressure detecting component 306 and the second pressure detecting component 307 are in communication connection with the terminal 100. The formation simulation system 00 may further include: a fourth conduit 120 in communication with the second end of the second cartridge 301, and a gas flow rate detection device 130 in communication with the fourth conduit 120, the gas flow rate detection device 130 also establishing a communication connection with the terminal 100. The terminal 100 is further configured to determine the seepage rate in the second case 301 based on the pressure value detected by the first pressure detecting component 306, the pressure value detected by the second pressure detecting component 307, and the gas flow rate detected by the gas flow rate detecting device 130.
By way of example, the terminal may calculate the seepage rate in the second cartridge 301 by the following formula:
Where k is the seepage rate in the second box 301;to test the fluid viscosity at temperature conditions, which is constant; q is the gas flow rate; l is the length between the pressure ports; w is the diameter of each tray 302; />Is the pressure difference.
It should be noted that Q may be directly obtained by the gas flow rate detection device 130. L is the distance from the top surface of the tray 302 near the first end of the second cassette 301 to the bottom surface of the tray 302 near the second end of the second cassette 301.The pressure value detected by the second pressure detection component 307 is subtracted from the pressure value detected by the first pressure detection component 306.
It should be noted that, before the mixture of the target gas, the oily vapor, and the solid powder is introduced into the second box 301, it is also necessary to calculate the seepage rate of the second box 301 when the oily liquid and the solid powder are not placed in the formation simulation system 00; after that, the seepage rate of the second cartridge 301 is calculated after the mixture of the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder is introduced in the above-described manner. The second cartridge 301 can be obtained by simulating the variation in the seepage rate before and after adding and without adding the plugs.
When the first cup 202 is loaded with different quality oily liquids, the second box 301 simulates the change in the seepage rate between the time of adding the plug and the time of not adding the plug after the air tank 10 injects the target air into the first box 201 and the heating unit 203 heats the target air. The damage degree of each oily liquid to the underground gas storage and stratum in the actual gas storage process can be estimated by calculating the change value of the seepage rate before and after adding the blockage and before and after not adding the blockage corresponding to the oily liquid with various qualities. In general, the smaller the variation value of the seepage rate before and after adding the plug and without adding the plug, the lower the damage degree of the corresponding oily liquid to the underground gas storage and stratum in the actual gas storage process.
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, the second case 301 may further include: a first end cap 301b detachably connected to the first ends of the two sub-cartridges 301a, and a second end cap 301c detachably connected to the second ends of the two sub-cartridges 301 a. Illustratively, the first end cap 301b and the second end cap 301c may be removably coupled to the two sub-cartridges 301a by threads.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the disassembly of a second case according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. The second box 301 is cylindrical, and the second box 301 includes two sub-boxes 301a symmetrically arranged, and the symmetry plane of the two sub-boxes 301a is parallel to the straight line where the height of the second box 301 is located. When each tray 302 in the second box 301 needs to be taken out for observation, an operator can directly open the two sub-box 301a to take out each tray 302, so that the distribution of plugs in each tray 302 is not damaged due to collision when each tray 302 is taken out.
It should be noted that, the second case 301 needs to ensure tightness when in use, so sealing strips are required to be disposed between the two sub cases 301a, between the first end cover 301b and the second case 301, and between the second end cover 301c and the second case 301, so as to ensure tightness of the second case 301.
In the disclosed embodiment, by determining the value of the change in the front-to-back mass of the rock particles in each tray 302, the mass of solid powder contained in the rock particles and the oil stain mixture converted from oily vapors can be derived. In the disclosed embodiments, the mass of the solid powder and oily vapor mixture contained in the rock particles is calculated by the following formula:
wherein w is the mass of solid powder contained in the rock particles and the greasy dirt mixture converted from oily vapor, w 1 For the total mass of rock particles after a period of time, w 2 Is the total mass of the rock particles placed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the variation value of the front-to-rear mass of the rock particles in the tray 302 becomes smaller and smaller along the direction from the first end to the second end of the second case 301, and the variation value of the front-to-rear mass eventually becomes 0. By determining the change in the fore-aft mass of the rock particles in each tray 302, it is possible to determine the number of trays 302 that can be penetrated by a mixture of solid powder and oil-vapor converted oil.
When the first cup 202 is loaded with different quality oily liquids, the number of solid powder and oil-converted greasy dirt in the second case 301 passing through the tray 302 after the air tank 10 injects the target air into the first case 201 and the heating unit 203 heats the target air is different from each other. The damage degree of each oily liquid to the underground gas storage and stratum in the actual gas storage process can be estimated by calculating the number of solid powder corresponding to the oily liquid with various qualities and the oil stain mixture converted by the oily vapor, which can pass through the tray 302. In general, the smaller the number of solid powder and oil-contaminated mixture converted from oily vapor passes through tray 302, the lower the damage to the underground reservoirs and strata by the corresponding oily liquid during actual storage.
By combining the above calculation of the values of the variation of the seepage rates before and after adding and without adding the plugs corresponding to the oily liquids of various qualities and the calculation of the number of the solid powder corresponding to the oily liquids of various qualities and the oil-stain mixture converted by the oily vapor that can pass through the tray 302, the damage degree of each oily liquid to the underground gas storage and the stratum in the actual gas storage process is estimated, and the following three cases are listed:
in the first case, when the values of the change in the seepage rate before and after adding the plugs and without adding the plugs are the same for the two quality oily liquids, the number of the solid powder and the oil-stain mixture converted from the oily vapor for the two quality oily liquids passing through the tray 302 is observed. If the number of the solid powder and the oil stain converted by the oily vapor passing through the tray 302 is larger, the damage degree of the oily liquid with the quality to the underground gas storage and stratum in the actual gas storage process is larger; the smaller the number of solid powder and oil-contaminated mixture converted from oily vapor passing through tray 302, the less damaging the underground reservoirs and strata will be to this quality of oily liquid during actual storage.
In the second case, when the number of solid powders corresponding to the two kinds of oily liquids and the mixture of the greasy dirt converted from the oily vapor passing through the tray 302 is the same, the variation value of the seepage rate before and after adding the plug and not adding the plug corresponding to the two kinds of oily liquids is calculated. If the change value is smaller, the damage degree of the oily liquid with the quality to the underground gas storage and the stratum in the actual gas storage process is smaller; if the variation value is larger, the damage degree of the oily liquid with the quality to the underground gas storage and the stratum in the actual gas storage process is larger.
In the third case, when the values of the seepage rates before and after adding the plugs and before and after not adding the plugs are the same for the oily liquids of the two qualities, and the numbers of the corresponding solid powder and the oil-stain mixture converted by the oily vapor passing through the trays 302 are the same, the quality of the solid powder and the oil-stain mixture converted by the oily vapor contained in the rock particles can be obtained by determining the values of the change of the front and rear quality of the rock particles in each tray 302 for the oily liquids of the two qualities. If the mass of the mixture of the solid powder and the greasy dirt converted from the oily vapor is larger, the damage degree of the oily liquid with the quality to the underground gas storage and stratum in the actual gas storage process is larger; the smaller the mass of solid powder and the greasy dirt mixture converted from oily vapor, the less damage the oily liquid of this quality has to underground reservoirs and strata during actual gas storage.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the formation simulation system 00 may further include: an image capturing device 140 (e.g., a video camera), the image capturing device 140 being configured to capture a second cartridge 301, the image capturing device 140 being in communication with the terminal 100. When the stratum simulation system 00 simulates the blockage entering the stratum, the image acquisition device 140 can record the whole change process of the second box 301 because the material of the side wall of the second box 301 is transparent, and send the recorded image to the terminal 100 for storage by the terminal. When the operator needs to observe the change process in the second box 301, the operator only needs to directly open the image from the terminal 100, and does not need to repeatedly perform the simulation operation.
By way of example, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another formation simulation system provided by embodiments of the present disclosure. After the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum is simulated when the underground gas storage tank stores gas through the stratum simulation system 00, the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum can be simulated when the underground gas storage tank transmits gas through the stratum simulation system 00. At this time, the first end of the first pipe 70 is communicated with the air storage tank 10, the second end of the first pipe 70 is communicated with the air outlet hole of the second end of the second box 301, the air inlet hole of the first end of the second box 301 is communicated with the fourth pipe 120, and the fourth pipe 120 is communicated with the gas detection assembly 130. And then, the air storage tank 10 is opened, so that target gas enters from the second end of the second box body 301, and is discharged from the first end of the second box body 301, namely, the simulation of the distribution rule of plugs entering the stratum when the underground air storage is conveyed is completed.
When it is desired to simulate the formation condition after the obstruction has entered the formation using the formation simulation system shown in fig. 2, first, an operator needs to pour an oily liquid into the first cup 202, place rock particles in each tray 302, and place solid powder in the second cup 303; thereafter, the operator may input the rock temperature to be simulated to the terminal 100, and the terminal 100 heats and maintains the temperature in the first case 201 to the rock temperature to be simulated by controlling the heating assembly 203, so that the oily liquid in the first cup 202 is replaced with the oily vapor; then, the operator may first open the image acquisition device 140, then open the air tank 10, and reduce the pressure of the target gas discharged from the air tank 10 to the pressure of the natural gas in the actual air storage process through the pressure reducing valve 401 in the pressure reducing assembly 40, and then discharge the target gas, so as to make the target gas enter the first box 201 and mix with the oily vapor, meanwhile, the operator may open the valve assembly 304 in the second simulation device 30, so as to make the mixture of the target gas and the oily vapor mix with the solid powder, and then enter the second box 301, and after the target gas is introduced for a period of time (herein, the period of time is a predetermined fixed period of time, which is not limited), close the air tank 10, and stop injecting the target gas, thereby completing the simulation of the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum; finally, after the temperatures of the first simulation device 20 and the second simulation device 30 are cooled, the operator may take out each tray 302 in the second simulation device 30, and observe and analyze the distribution rule of the mixture of the oil stain converted from the oil vapor and the solid powder in each tray 302, and may take the distribution rule as the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum, so that the injection and production process may be determined based on the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum in the following.
In summary, the formation simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: the device comprises a gas storage tank, a first simulation device and a second simulation device. When the distribution rule of the plugs entering the stratum is simulated through the stratum simulation system, the target gas in the gas storage tank is discharged, oily vapor in the first simulation equipment and solid powder in the second simulation equipment can be driven to be mixed, then the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder in the mixture of the oily vapor and the solid powder can be converted into oil stains and then attached to rock particles of each tray in the second simulation equipment, the state of the stratum after the plugs enter the stratum can be simulated, the distribution rule of the mixture of the oil stains converted from the oily vapor and the solid powder in each tray can be observed and analyzed, and the distribution rule can be used as the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum, so that the accuracy of determining the distribution rule of the plugs in the stratum is improved, and the reliability of the injection and production process determined based on the obtained distribution rule is effectively improved.
The embodiment of the disclosure also provides a use method of the formation simulation system, referring to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a flowchart of a use method of the formation simulation system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure. The use method is applied to the stratum simulation system shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, and the use method of the stratum simulation system can comprise the following steps:
Step 701, after the first cup body bears oily liquid and each tray bears rock particles and the second cup body bears solid powder, the gas storage tank injects target gas into the first box body.
Alternatively, the oily liquid may comprise: lubricating oil, engine oil, and lead oil. The gradient range in which the density of the rock particles gradually increases along the direction from the first end of the second box body to the second end of the second box body may be a preset fixed value, for example, rock particles with particle diameters of 20 to 40 meshes may be classified as one gradient, rock particles with particle diameters of 40 to 70 meshes may be classified as the next gradient, and so on.
In step 702, the first simulation device heats the first box body through the heating component so as to convert the oily liquid into oily vapor.
Alternatively, the first simulation apparatus may heat the first cartridge to the temperature of the formation to be simulated via the heating assembly.
In step 703, the second simulation device conducts the second cup body and the second box body through the valve assembly, so that the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder are mixed and then enter the second box body.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the connection relationship and the working principle of each component in the above-described formation simulation system may refer to the corresponding content in the embodiment of the structure of the above-described formation simulation system, which is not described herein again.
In the present disclosure, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A formation simulation system, comprising:
a gas tank (10), the gas tank (10) being for storing a target gas;
a first simulation device (20) comprising: the device comprises a first box body (201), a first cup body (202) and a heating assembly (203), wherein the first cup body (202) is positioned in the first box body (201), the heating assembly (203) is connected with the end face of the first end of the first box body (201), the first end of the first box body (201) is communicated with the air storage tank (10), the first cup body (202) is used for bearing oily liquid, and the oily liquid is used for simulating greasy dirt in a blockage;
a second simulation device (30) comprising: a second case (301), a plurality of trays (302) detachably connected to an inner wall of the second case (301), a first pressure detecting assembly (306) and a second pressure detecting assembly (307) located inside the second case (301), a second cup (303) located outside the second case (301) and communicating with a first end of the second case (301), and a valve assembly (304) located between the second case (301) and the second cup (303); wherein a first end of the second box (301) communicates with a second end of the first box (201), each tray (302) for carrying rock particles for simulating a formation; the second cup (303) is used for carrying solid powder, and the solid powder is used for simulating solid dust in a blockage; the first pressure detection component (306) is connected with the end face of the first end of the second box body (301), and the second pressure detection component (307) is connected with the end face of the second end of the second box body (301);
A fourth pipe (120) communicating with the second end of the second casing (301), and a gas flow rate detecting device (130) communicating with the fourth pipe (120);
-the first pressure detection assembly (306), the second pressure detection assembly (307) and the gas flow rate detection device (130) are all in communication with a terminal (100);
the air storage tank (10) is used for bearing the oily liquid on the first cup body (202), each tray (302) bears the rock particles, and the target gas is injected into the first box body (201) after the second cup body (303) bears the solid powder;
the first simulation device (20) is used for heating the first box body (201) through the heating component (203) when the target gas is injected into the first box body (201) by the gas storage tank (10), so that the oily liquid is converted into oily vapor;
the second simulation device (30) is used for conducting the second cup (303) and the second box (301) through the valve assembly (304) when the heating assembly (203) heats the first box (201), so that the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder are mixed and then enter the second box (301);
The terminal (100) is configured to determine a first seepage rate of the second cartridge (301) based on the first pressure value detected by the first pressure detecting component (306), the second pressure value detected by the second pressure detecting component (307), and the gas flow rate detected by the gas flow rate detecting device (130), by the following formula;
wherein k is the first seepage rate;to test the fluid viscosity at temperature conditions, which is constant; q is the gas flow rate detected by the gas flow rate detection device (130); l is the distance from the top surface of the tray (302) near the first end of the second cassette (301) to the ground of the tray (302) near the second end of the second cassette (301); w is the diameter of each tray (302); />Is the difference between the first pressure value and the second pressure value;
-the terminal (100) is further adapted to determine a second percolation rate of the second cartridge (301) before passing the mixture of the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder into the second cartridge (301); and determining a variation value of the seepage rate according to the first seepage rate and the second seepage rate.
2. The formation simulation system of claim 1, wherein,
the density of rock particles carried by each tray (302) increases progressively in the direction from the first end of the second casing (301) to the second end of the second casing (301).
3. The formation simulation system of claim 1, wherein,
the material of the side wall of the second box body (301) is transparent, and the material of the side wall of each tray (302) is transparent.
4. The formation simulation system of claim 1, wherein,
the formation simulation system (00) further comprises: a first conduit (70), a second conduit (80) and a third conduit (90);
a first end of the first pipeline (70) is communicated with the air storage tank (10), and a second end of the first pipeline (70) is communicated with a first end of the first box body (201);
a first end of the second pipeline (80) is communicated with a second end of the first box body (201), and a second end of the second pipeline (80) is communicated with a first end of the second box body (301);
the first end of the third pipeline (90) is communicated with the second cup body (303), the second end of the third pipeline (90) is communicated with the second pipeline (80), and the valve assembly (304) is located in the third pipeline (90).
5. A system for simulating a subterranean formation according to any of claims 1 to 4,
the first simulation device (20) further comprises: a temperature detection assembly (204) located within the first cartridge (201);
the terminal (100) is also in communication connection with the heating component (203), and the terminal (100) is used for controlling heating parameters of the heating component (203) based on the temperature in the first box body (201) detected by the temperature detection component (204) so as to enable the temperature in the first box body (201) to be raised to a specified temperature.
6. The formation simulation system of claim 5, wherein,
the formation simulation system (00) further comprises: the image acquisition device (140), the image acquisition device (140) is used for shooting the second box body (301), and the image acquisition device (140) is in communication connection with the terminal (100).
7. A system for simulating a subterranean formation according to any of claims 1 to 4,
the shape of the second box body (301) is cylindrical, the second box body (301) comprises two sub-box bodies (301 a) which are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetrical planes of the two sub-box bodies (301 a) are parallel to the straight line of the height of the second box body (301).
8. The formation simulation system of claim 7, wherein,
the second cartridge (301) further comprises: a first end cap (301 b) detachably connected to the first ends of the two sub-cartridges (301 a), and a second end cap (301 c) detachably connected to the second ends of the two sub-cartridges (301 a).
9. A method of using a formation simulation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
after the first cup body bears the oily liquid and each tray bears the rock particles, the second cup body bears the solid powder, and the gas storage tank injects the target gas into the first box body;
the first simulation device heats the first box body through the heating component so as to convert the oily liquid into oily vapor;
the second simulation device conducts the second cup body and the second box body through the valve component, so that the target gas, the oily vapor and the solid powder enter the second box body after being mixed.
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