CN109594980A - It is a kind of for simulating the visual experimental apparatus of gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule - Google Patents
It is a kind of for simulating the visual experimental apparatus of gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule Download PDFInfo
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- CN109594980A CN109594980A CN201811403496.1A CN201811403496A CN109594980A CN 109594980 A CN109594980 A CN 109594980A CN 201811403496 A CN201811403496 A CN 201811403496A CN 109594980 A CN109594980 A CN 109594980A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 104
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for simulating the visual experimental apparatus and test method of gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule.The device includes injected system, seepage flow displacement model system, outlet metering system.Injected system is used to provide stable displacement power for experiment, reservoir sand during seepage flow displacement model system observation experiment is regular in the sedimentation of gravel interlayer, bridge joint, blocking and leading edge distribution mode etc., and outlet metering system is for measuring experiment sand production rate and evaluation sand block effect.The equal proportion of the visualized experiment method and true reservoir sand and gravel migrated in gravel layer the present invention provides reservoir sand amplifies method, can intuitively show Distribution Pattern and chocking-up degree of the reservoir sand in gravel layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the visual experimental apparatus and test method for simulating gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule, belong to oil
Gas exploits scientific research apparatus technical field.
Background technique
It is one of the main bugbear encountered during weak cementing sandstone oil reservoir oil-gas mining that oil, gas well, which shake out, at home and abroad
It all widely there are problems that shaking out in each oil field production.There are many factor that oil, gas well shake out, and sum up influence factor substantially
It is divided into three categories: reservoir geology factor, the property of sandstone reservoir, engineering factor.
On the basis of Correct Analysis sand production mechanism, become the key of successfully sand control using reasonable anti-sand method.
Gravel filling sand prevention is adaptable, success rate is high, validity period is long.Gravel filling sand prevention process technology is as a kind of main sand control
Technology is at present using most common sand control method, and application is more and more, it is also a complicated system engineering skill
Art is related to many key links from detail design to field sand control operation.Accurate reasonable Gravel packing selection is gravel filling
The most important condition of sand-preventing process, although the gravel and reservoir sand around gravel filling have matched many research workers never
Same angle has carried out a large amount of, fruitful research work, and proposes a series of different Gravel packing calculation methods,
And be applied in practical sand control completion, sand production is largely reduced, but sand block effect and yield are mutual lances
Two aspects of shield, are all restricted by Gravel packing.Gravel packing is too small, can effective sand block, but yield can be reduced；Otherwise it can
High yield is obtained, but sand block effect is poor.At the scene in operation, the problems such as especially high angle hole easily forms sand plug, pack completeness is low.Cause
This, gravel is matched with the best reasonable size of reservoir sand and the research of other gravel filling process parameters, existing to gravel filling sand prevention
Field construction operation and raising oil well could have practical significance.
About gravel filling sand prevention experimental study, most common is the sight that fine migration is carried out using electron microscope
It surveys.Electron microscope good can observe the case where gravelly sand interface particle intrusion but can not intuitively observe entire gravel
The reservoir sand spread and dynamic migration process of interval.
According to finding as can be seen that the research that domestic and foreign scholars test gravel filling sand prevention includes following a few sides
Face: (1) migration to reservoir sand in gravel packing zone and laws for plugging are studied；(2) to the gravel in gravel packing zone
It is optimized with reservoir sand fineness ratio；(3) filtrational resistance of different flow regions is measured.Carrying out, classification gravel filling sand prevention is real
When testing research, it can not accomplish the visualization and the materialization of blocking sand amount of integral experiment.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for simulating the visualization of gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule
Experimental provision.
The achievable following research contents of the present invention:
(1) reservoir sand dynamic migration rule real-time monitoring in gravel layer；
(2) reservoir sand is in law studies such as the sedimentation of gravel interlayer, bridge joint and blockings；
(3) influence of the gravel packing zone leading edge distribution mode to sand block effect.
The present apparatus uses the method for equal proportion amplification, replaces true gravel with equal diameter bead, replaces stratum with gravel
Sand, effectively prevents that particle scale in true stratum is too small and the problem that can not observe, while having certain scientific value.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Simulate gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule visual experimental apparatus, including injected system, seepage flow displacement model system,
Export metering system.
The injected system provides stable liquid supply, for experimental system with displacement reservoir sand；The seepage flow displacement mould
Type system, i.e. visualization gravel filling sand prevention pipe, this pipe can intuitively observe sand movement process；The outlet metering
System, i.e. metering experimental result.
The seepage flow displacement model equipment, i.e. seepage flow displacement visualize fill out sand tube, this pipe is transparent glass material round tube, interior
Bead and gravel needed for portion can fill experiment.Pipe both ends are equipped with detachable pipe cap, and pipe cap is to be threadedly coupled with round tube, pipe
Cap is provided with preventing water leakage rubber washer, to prevent the leakage of displacing fluid body.Pipe cap center opening, facilitate displacement liquid entrance with
Discharge.It places container and sand production rate is measured in fill out sand tube outlet.Seepage flow displacement visualizes fill out sand tube equipped with bar is replaced, and conveniently fills
Fill out and take out bead and gravel in pipe.
The outlet metering system measures the sand production rate at experimentation middle outlet end, including rubber tube and metering beaker.
Preferred according to the present invention, injected system includes peristaltic pump, hose and fluid box, and peristaltic pump selects Kamoer
LabUIP-S25-6 type peristaltic pump, 1~1300ml of displacement displacement range.
Preferred according to the present invention, the material for visualizing fill out sand tube is organic glass, bore 40mm, length 0.6m.Liquid
Inject bore 8mm.
Preferred according to the present invention, water or the larger liquid of viscosity can be selected in displacement liquid, to guarantee that visualization is good
It is good, transparency liquid such as KCL solution is selected as far as possible.
It is preferred according to the present invention, while according to similarity criterion, the geometry amplification factor of simulated experiment is 6 times, using etc.
Ratio enlargement method amplifies true reservoir sand and gravel.Large-sized quartz sand is put in selection, after being compounded, simulated formation sand
Migration；In order to reach the visual target of simulated experiment, the special glass pearl of specified particle diameter is selected to simulate pack gravel.
The visual experimental apparatus of above-mentioned simulation gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule, for observing reservoir sand in gravel interlayer
Sedimentation, bridge joint and blocking and the step of measuring sand production rate and sand block amount, are as follows:
(1) visualization fill out sand tube is cleaned up, places metal gauze inside outlet pipe cap, prevents endface bead
It is discharged in exit, influences measurement result.
(2) fill out sand tube inlet end portion is blocked, the simulation quartz sand sample to after the filling compounding of side, filling to experimental design
After depth, sand sample is compacted with bar is replaced；The bead after suitably compounding of simulation gravel is successively filled again, slightly
Compacting；Keep quartz sand always in lower part during filling, the quartz sand before preventing experiment largely invades.By outlet end after having filled
It is blocked with pipe cap.
(3) after carrying out flow velocity calibration to peristaltic pump, connection displacement container, peristaltic pump and fill out sand tube, in a continuous mode into
Row displacement.Experiment starts the sand contamination depth, gravelly sand Interface Moving and gravel interlayer sand photographed to record in gravel layer for latter every ten minutes
Distribution characteristics etc..
(4) after displacement, the hose for filling quartz sand one end is removed, and block interface；It opens and fills out from the other side
Sandpipe, segmentation take out the sand sample in filling glass pearl therein and hole, are handled with filter paper mixture, it is separately recovered
In bead and quartz sand, quartz sand drying after weighs, which is the delay sand amount in gravel layer.
(5) processing mode of gravelly sand interface: after most of quartz sand is cleaned out fill out sand tube, near gravelly sand interface
Bead and the whole slowly release of quartz sand, sample in fill out sand tube exit and observe.
The invention has the benefit that
1, the present invention carries out visualization processing to fill out sand tube, can be with reservoir sand visible in detail in the heavy of gravel interlayer
Drop, bridge joint and blocking, and the gravel mixing situation of gravel mixed zone can be clearly observed.
2, true reservoir sand and gravel are amplified 6 times, not influenced by the present invention according to the method using equal proportion amplification
In the case where legitimate reading, visualization is set to reach maximum, to reach requirement of experiment.
3, requirement of the present invention to experimental liquid is lower, clear water, and can recycle experiment with bead, thus
Reduce experimental cost.
4, visualization fill out sand tube of the present invention is made by organic glass, and displacement container uses common water tank, material
It easily obtains, package unit is easily built, and system cost is lower.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is experimental provision general flow chart；
Fig. 2 is visualization gravel packing sand-prevention experimental device figure；
Fig. 3 is seepage flow displacement visualization fill out sand tube structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is to replace rod structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is experiment replacement bar pictorial diagram；
Fig. 6 is experiment bead pictorial diagram；
Fig. 7 is the experiment effect figure of embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the depth of fill curve under the influence of different simulation gravelly sand intermediate value ratios；
Fig. 9 is that sand amount curve is detained in the segmentation under the influence of different simulation gravelly sand intermediate value ratios.
In figure, 1, displacement liquid container, 2, peristaltic pump, 3, simulated formation sand, 4, simulation gravel, 5, visualization gravel filling it is anti-
Sandpipe, 6, liquid collection receptacle.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further qualified with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification, but not limited to this.
Case study on implementation
According to similarity criterion, the geometry amplification factor of simulated experiment is 6 times, is 100 mesh (0.149mm) with median grain diameter
It is 0.9mm or so that fineness of sand intermediate value is simulated for reservoir sand, after amplification, and large-sized quartz sand is put in selection, grain after being compounded
Degree intermediate value is 0.85mm；In order to reach the visual target of simulated experiment, the special glass pearl simulation filling gravel of 5mm partial size is selected
Stone.
(1) visualization gravel filling sand prevention pipe is cleaned out, places metal gauze inside outlet pipe cap, prevents end face
Locate bead to be discharged in exit, influences measurement result.
(2) fill out sand tube inlet end portion is blocked, the simulated formation sand for being 0.85mm to side filling median grain diameter, filling is extremely
After 30cm, sand sample is compacted；It is further filled with the simulation gravel that partial size is 5mm, lightly compacting；Finally by outlet end pipe cap
It blocks.Keep quartz sand always in lower part during filling, the quartz sand before preventing experiment largely invades.
(3) after carrying out flow velocity calibration to peristaltic pump, connection displacement container, peristaltic pump and fill out sand tube, in a continuous mode into
Row displacement, flow velocity choose 20ml/min.Experiment starts sand contamination depth, the gravelly sand interface photographed to record in gravel layer for latter every ten minutes
Mobile and gravel interlayer sand distribution characteristics etc..
(4) after displacement, sand-proof pipe arrival end and outlet end are opened, filling glass pearl therein and hole are taken out in segmentation
In sand sample, mixture is handled with filter paper, is separately recovered bead and quartz sand therein, quartz sand drying it is laggard
Row weighing, which is the delay sand amount in every section of gravel layer.
(5) processing mode of gravelly sand interface: after most of quartz sand is cleaned out fill out sand tube, near gravelly sand interface
Bead and the whole slowly release of quartz sand, sample in fill out sand tube exit and observe.
Experiment effect figure such as Fig. 7.
Different simulated formation sand and grain size of gravel ratio are chosen, under the influence of available different simulation gravelly sand intermediate value ratio
Sand amount curve is detained in depth of fill curve and segmentation, sees Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.
Claims (2)
1. simulating the visual experimental apparatus of gravel layer dynamic sand plug rule, which is characterized in that including injected system, seepage flow displacement
Model system, outlet metering system；
The injected system includes peristaltic pump, hose and fluid box；
The seepage flow displacement model system, including visualization fill out sand tube, this pipe is transparent organic glass material round tube, and inside can be filled
It tamps and tests required bead and gravel.Pipe both ends are equipped with detachable pipe cap, and pipe cap is to be threadedly coupled with round tube, and pipe cap is provided with
Preventing water leakage rubber washer, to prevent the leakage of displacing fluid body.Pipe cap center opening facilitates the entrance and discharge of displacement liquid.It fills out
It places container and sand production rate is measured in sandpipe outlet.Seepage flow displacement visualizes fill out sand tube equipped with bar is replaced, and facilitates filling and takes
Bead and gravel in outlet pipe.Bore 40mm, length 0.6m.Liquid injection port diameter 8mm.；
The outlet metering system, including rubber tube and metering beaker；
2. a kind of visualization gravel filling sand prevention layer for simulated formation sand dynamic distribution according to claim 1
Driving device, which is characterized in that testing reservoir sand and gravel used is equal proportion scale-up model, and equal proportion amplifies method such as
Under:
For the forms of motion of reservoir sand in the stratum that gears to actual circumstances, need to carry out fluid flow rate amendment to the model of up-sizing,
The amount of force for being subject to two kinds of particles in a fluid maintains certain proportionate relationship.According to newton law of dynamical similarity, mould
Type and prototype should meet following dynamic similarity condition:
In formula: F is the resultant force that particle is subject to, and N, wherein subscript p represents master mould, and subscript m represents new model；ρmFor the close of particle
Degree, kg/m3；D is reservoir sand diameter, m；V is flow rate of liquid, m/s；λFFor dynamic similarity coefficient；λρFor density similarity factor；λl
For length similarity factor；λvFor speed similarity factor.
Based on the assumption that carrying out force analysis to reservoir sand: (1) hypothesis reservoir sand in vertical direction with gravity and float by stress
Power is leading；(2) assume that horizontal direction overlying strata sand is moved under the action of fluid drag, initial velocity 0m/s；(3)
Layer sand inter-particle force can cancel out each other, and ignore the influence of pipeline wall effect.
The resultant force of reservoir sand gravity and buoyancy in vertical direction are as follows:
According to Stokes formula, drag force of the reservoir sand by horizontal direction are as follows:
According to the calculation formula of particle Reynolds number:
As can be seen that Reynolds number reaches maximum value when particle is static, the flow region of particle is judged with this, is obtained in master mould
The flowing of grain is located at the area Stokes (Re≤1), and amplified model is detached from the area Stokes, and resistance coefficient can use Oseen model
(1≤Re≤100) are calculated, as shown in formula (5):
If speed amplification factor λ 'v=1/ λv；Partial size amplification factor λlThe λ of '=1/l, formula (4) is substituted into formula (3) and can be obtained with formula (5)
To the drag force calculation formula of prototype and scale-up model, after horizontal direction drag force and vertical direction buoyancy and gravity are sought resultant force,
In substitution formula (1), particle can be calculated by under horizontal direction fluid matasomatism, partial size amplification factor and speed amplification factor
Relationship.According to calculating, when partial size amplification factor is 2 times, speed amplification factor is 2.2269；When partial size amplification factor is 4 times, speed
Spending amplification factor is 2.2684；When partial size amplification factor is 6 times, speed amplification factor is 2.5738；Partial size amplification factor is 8 times
When, speed amplification factor is 2.8986；When partial size amplification factor is 10 times, speed amplification factor is 3.2067；Partial size times magnification
When number is 12 times, speed amplification factor is 3.4943；When partial size amplification factor is 14 times, speed amplification factor is 3.7631；Grain
When diameter amplification factor is 16 times, speed amplification factor is 4.01；
According to the above Dynamic Similar Laws, displacement velocity optimization is carried out to each partial size amplification factor, to obtain more accurate mould
Quasi- result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811403496.1A CN109594980B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Visual experiment device for simulating dynamic sand blocking law of gravel layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811403496.1A CN109594980B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Visual experiment device for simulating dynamic sand blocking law of gravel layer |
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| CN109594980B CN109594980B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112177571A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reservoir deficit sand control well gravel packing degree simulation experiment device and method |
| CN115126481A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-30 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Method and device for determining performance of sand blocking medium |
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| CN112177571A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reservoir deficit sand control well gravel packing degree simulation experiment device and method |
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| CN115126481B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Method and device for determining performance of sand blocking medium |
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| CN109594980B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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