CN113882837B - Water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device and method for bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well - Google Patents
Water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device and method for bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development experimental simulation devices. The device comprises an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, a collection system, a water control viscosity-reducing system, a pressure collection and processing system and a camera system, wherein an inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with the injection system, an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system is respectively connected with the collection system and the water control viscosity-reducing system, an inlet end and an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system are both connected with the pressure collection and processing system, and the camera system is arranged outside the two-dimensional simulation system. The invention can be used for researching the form of the bottom water cone and the gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed in the development process of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and the pressure cone time, the gas injection amount and the gas injection speed suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir are determined by measuring the change condition of the oil-water contact surface and the change of the output before and after the pressure cone in the pressure cone process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development experimental simulation devices.
Background
Bottom water reservoirs characterized by an oil layer and a water layer separated by a horizontal interface are widely distributed worldwide. As some fields enter secondary and tertiary production, their development characteristics are also similar to those of the bottom water reservoir. The main problems of the development of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir are to inhibit water cone and reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil, but the existing bottom water development mode can not well develop the bottom water heavy oil reservoir. In addition, the existing laboratory physical simulation device cannot describe the water cone shape and the processes of inhibiting the water cone and reducing the viscosity of the thickened oil in an image manner.
Chinese patent document CN102434151B discloses a dynamic simulation experiment device and simulation system for coning of bottom water in the development of bottom water reservoir. The simulation system comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are matched into a whole, wherein a seepage baffle is arranged between the upper box body and the lower box body; an upper cover is arranged on the upper box body, and a lower cover is arranged on the lower box body; the cavity of the upper box body is filled with a reservoir sand body and a simulation horizontal well which is horizontally placed; the upper cover is provided with a pipeline inlet, and the side wall of the upper box body is provided with a fluid outlet; the lower cover is provided with a fluid inlet. The experimental device comprises a displacement source, a displacement pump, an intermediate container, the simulation system, a mass flowmeter and a collecting vessel. The device only simulates the rising rule of the bottom water and cannot be used for researching the shape of the bottom water cone.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for simulating the water cone morphology of a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir and controlling water to reduce viscosity, which can be used for researching the water cone morphology of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir and gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed in the development process of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and is used for determining the pressure cone time, gas injection quantity and gas injection speed suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir by measuring the change condition of an oil-water contact surface and the change of the output before and after the pressure cone.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device for the rising bottom water heavy oil reservoir.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the device comprises an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, a collection system, a water control viscosity reduction system, a pressure collection and treatment system and a camera system,
the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with an injection system at an inlet, the injection system is used for saturating water and saturated oil, bottom water energy is provided, an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system is respectively connected with a collection system and a water control viscosity reduction system, the collection system is used for controlling exploitation speed, collecting and measuring liquid production amount, water production amount and oil production, the water control viscosity reduction system is used for carrying out experiments of yield-increasing measures, the inlet end and the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system are both connected with a pressure collection and processing system, the pressure collection and processing system is used for monitoring pressure changes in the experimental process in real time, and a camera system is arranged outside the two-dimensional simulation system and is used for recording the experimental process.
Preferably, the two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover and a sand filling box, wherein the sealing cover is arranged on the sand filling box, 3 fluid inlets and corresponding fluid outlets are arranged on the sealing cover, a horizontal sand blocking strip is arranged at the lower end in a cavity of the sand filling box, a vertical sand blocking strip is arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips, 9 fluid inlets sealed by plugs are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box, and the fluid inlets at different positions can be flexibly opened to connect with an injection system for controlling oil saturation distribution. The horizontal sand blocking strip can ensure that bottom water and an oil-containing sand body are uniformly contacted; the vertical sand blocking strip is detachable, and is used for partitioning to simulate and control the water cone of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, and the simulation and control of the water cone of the homogeneous oil reservoir can be simulated when the vertical sand blocking strip is not used.
Preferably, the sealing cover is provided with a visual window which is transparent toughened glass. The observation in the experimental process is convenient, so that visual analysis and research such as video recording can be performed.
Preferably, the injection system comprises a first displacement pump, a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container, wherein the first displacement pump is connected with the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container through a first valve and a second valve respectively, the outlets of the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container are connected with the inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system through a first six-way valve, and oil and water are respectively filled in the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container. Ensuring that fluid stably enters the two-dimensional simulation system during the test.
Preferably, the collection system comprises a flowmeter, an oil-water separator, an aqueous phase meter and an oil phase meter, wherein the oil-water separator is respectively connected with the aqueous phase meter and the oil phase meter to measure oil and water volume of produced liquid, the oil-water separator is connected with a two-dimensional simulation system outlet through a second six-way valve, and the connecting pipeline of the oil-water separator and the two-dimensional simulation system is provided with the flowmeter for monitoring the speed of produced liquid.
Preferably, the water control viscosity reducing system comprises a second displacement pump, an air source, a third intermediate container and a mass flowmeter, wherein the outlet of the second displacement pump is connected with the third intermediate container filled with chemical agent through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container is sequentially communicated with the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the water cone shape and volume and improving the recovery ratio; the air source is sequentially communicated with the third valve, the mass flowmeter, the second six-way valve and the two-dimensional simulation system outlet, so that the air injection pressure water cone experiment is performed after the water cone is formed.
The mass flowmeter is used for controlling the injection amount of the medicines in the third intermediate container, and the injection amount of the medicines in the third intermediate container is controlled by the second displacement pump.
Preferably, the pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, wherein the computer is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to the first six-way valve and the second six-way valve. And recording pressure data of an inlet end and an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system in the experimental process through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.
Preferably, the camera system is a camera, and the camera is connected with a computer.
The experimental method for bottom water exploitation by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
(1) Filling fine sand into the sand filling box, then sealing and fixing the sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, filling crude oil into the first intermediate container, and filling stratum water into the second intermediate container;
(2) Opening a second valve, closing a first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system and flow out from a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating pore volume according to the change of the weight of the saturated water of the two-dimensional simulation system, wherein a specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value between the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after the saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before the saturated water to the density of the water;
(3) Closing a second valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated oil, considering that the density of the oil is smaller than that of water, in order to ensure that an oil-water interface can be uniformly pushed when saturated oil flows in from an outlet 26 of a two-dimensional simulation system, the fluid flows out from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, metering out liquid condition and oil driving water, injecting thick oil into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, obtaining the water volume which is the saturated oil volume, calculating the original oil saturation and the irreducible water saturation, wherein the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the saturated oil volume to the pore volume, and the irreducible water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) Opening a second valve, closing the first valve, and accessing a second intermediate container;
(5) Connecting a pipeline to an acquisition system at the middle interface of a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system to simulate a production well; connecting an intermediate interface of a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system with a pipeline to connect with an injection system, simulating bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and simulating production of a production well by adopting constant yield;
(6) The first displacement pump is utilized to provide energy for bottom water for simulation development, the first pressure sensor and the computer monitor production pressure difference in real time, the camera system records the whole experimental process, and the acquisition system accurately measures the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount.
The experimental method for increasing the yield by injecting gas into the horizontal well water cone of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir through the bottom water development and gas injection pressure cone by using the water cone form simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
(1) firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
(2) opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure by a second pressure sensor in real time, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection pressure water cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
(3) and (3) closing the third valve after gas injection is completed, connecting the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, carrying out a yield increase experiment after the gas injection pressure water cone of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir according to the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (4) - (6), and accurately metering the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
The experimental method for the influence of the injection of different types of viscosity reducers on the shape of the water cone and the improvement of the recovery ratio after the bottom water is developed by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
a. firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter a two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the imaging system records the injection process in the whole process of viscosity reducer injection;
c. and (3) after the viscosity reducer is injected, the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with the injection system and the collection system again, the influence experiment of the viscosity reducer injected into the heavy oil reservoir of the bottom water on the water cone shape and the recovery ratio is carried out according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment, and the collection system accurately measures the collected liquid amount, the collected oil amount and the collected water amount.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a device for simulating the water cone morphology of a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir and controlling water and viscosity reduction experiments, which can be used for researching the water cone morphology of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir and gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed in the development process of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and is used for determining the pressure cone time, gas injection quantity and gas injection speed suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir by measuring the change condition of an oil-water contact surface and the change of the yield before and after the pressure cone.
2. The invention can study the influence of different types of viscosity reducers on the shape of the water cone and the recovery ratio, and the device can be cleaned and reused after the experiment is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a two-dimensional simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a two-dimensional simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sand pack of the two-dimensional simulation system of the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows: 1. a first displacement pump; 2. a second displacement pump; 3. a first valve; 4. a second valve; 5. a third valve; 6. a first intermediate container; 7. a second intermediate container; 8. a third intermediate container; 9. a first six-way valve; 10. a second six-way valve; 11. a first pressure sensor; 12. a second pressure sensor; 13. a two-dimensional simulation system; 14. a flow meter; 15. a mass flowmeter; 16. a camera; 17. an oil-water separator; 18. an oil phase meter; 19. a water phase meter; 20. a computer; 21. a gas source; 22. sealing cover; 23. a visual window; 24. a fastening bolt; 25. a fluid inlet; 26. a fluid outlet; 27. filling a sand box; 28. a fluid inlet; 29. a fastening bolt; 30. horizontal sand blocking strips; 31. a flow passage; 32. vertical sand blocking strips.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by way of example, but not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the embodiment provides a device for simulating the water cone morphology of a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir and controlling water viscosity and viscosity, which comprises an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, a collection system, a water viscosity and viscosity controlling system, a pressure collection and processing system and a camera system, wherein,
the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with an injection system at an inlet, the injection system is used for saturating water and saturated oil, bottom water energy is provided, an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system is respectively connected with a collection system and a water control viscosity reduction system, the collection system is used for controlling exploitation speed, collecting and measuring liquid production amount, water production amount and oil production, the water control viscosity reduction system is used for carrying out experiments of yield-increasing measures, the inlet end and the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system are both connected with a pressure collection and processing system, the pressure collection and processing system is used for monitoring pressure changes in the experimental process in real time, and a camera system is arranged outside the two-dimensional simulation system and is used for recording the experimental process.
The two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover 22 and a sand filling box 27, wherein the sealing cover 22 is arranged on the sand filling box 27, 3 fluid inlets 25 and corresponding fluid outlets 26 are arranged on the sealing cover 22, a horizontal sand blocking strip 30 is arranged at the inner lower end of a cavity of the sand filling box 27, 2 vertical sand blocking strips 32 are arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips 30, 9 fluid inlets 28 sealed by plugs are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box 27, and the fluid inlets 28 at different positions can be flexibly opened to be connected with an injection system for controlling oil saturation distribution when saturated oil is saturated. The horizontal sand blocking strip can ensure that bottom water and an oil-containing sand body are uniformly contacted; the vertical sand blocking strip is detachable, and is used for partitioning to simulate and control the water cone of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, and the simulation and control of the water cone of the homogeneous oil reservoir can be simulated when the vertical sand blocking strip is not used.
The sealing cover 22 is provided with a visual window 23, and the visual window 23 is made of transparent toughened glass. The observation in the experimental process is convenient, so that visual analysis and research such as video recording can be performed.
The injection system comprises a first displacement pump 1, a first intermediate container 6 and a second intermediate container 7, wherein the first displacement pump 1 is connected with the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 through a first valve 3 and a second valve 4 respectively, the outlets of the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 are connected with the inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13 through a first six-way valve 9, and oil and water are filled in the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 respectively. Ensuring that fluid stably enters the two-dimensional simulation system during the test.
The acquisition system comprises a flowmeter 14, an oil-water separator 17, an aqueous phase meter 19 and an oil phase meter 18, wherein the oil-water separator 17 is respectively connected with the aqueous phase meter 19 and the oil phase meter 18 to meter oil and water of produced liquid, the oil-water separator 17 is connected with an outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13 through a second six-way valve 10, and the flowmeter 14 is arranged on a connecting pipe line of the oil-water separator 17 and the two-dimensional simulation system 13 and used for monitoring the speed of produced liquid.
The water control viscosity reducing system comprises a second displacement pump 2, an air source 21, a third intermediate container 8 and a mass flowmeter 15, wherein the outlet of the second displacement pump 2 is connected with the third intermediate container 8 filled with chemical agents through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container 8 is sequentially communicated with the outlet of the second six-way valve 10 and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the water cone shape and volume and improving the recovery ratio; the air source 21 is sequentially communicated with the third valve 5, the mass flowmeter 15, the second six-way valve 10 and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13, so that the air injection pressure water cone experiment after the water cone is formed is performed.
The mass flowmeter is used for controlling the injection amount of the medicines in the third intermediate container, and the injection amount of the medicines in the third intermediate container is controlled by the second displacement pump.
The pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer 20, a first pressure sensor 11 and a second pressure sensor 12, wherein the computer 20 is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor 11 and the second pressure sensor 12, and the first pressure sensor 11 and the second pressure sensor 12 are respectively connected to a first six-way valve 9 and a second six-way valve 10. And recording pressure data of an inlet end and an outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system in the experimental process through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.
The camera system is a camera 16, and a computer 20 is connected to the camera 16.
The experimental method for bottom water exploitation by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
(1) Filling fine sand into the sand filling box, then sealing and fixing the sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, filling crude oil into the first intermediate container, and filling stratum water into the second intermediate container;
(2) Opening a second valve, closing a first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system, enabling fluid to flow out from a fluid outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating pore volume according to the change of the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before and after the saturated water, wherein a specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value between the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after the saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before the saturated water to the density of water;
(3) Closing a second valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated oil, considering that the density of the oil is smaller than that of water, in order to ensure that an oil-water interface can be uniformly pushed when the oil is saturated, fluid flows in from a fluid outlet 26 of a two-dimensional simulation system, a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system flows out, the condition of liquid discharge is measured, oil is driven to water, thick oil is injected into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, the volume of the discharged water is the volume of saturated oil, the original oil saturation and the bound water saturation are calculated, the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the volume of saturated oil to the pore volume, and the bound water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) Opening a second valve, closing the first valve, and accessing a second intermediate container;
(5) Connecting a pipeline to the acquisition system at the middle interface of the fluid outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system to simulate a production well; connecting an intermediate interface of a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system with a pipeline to connect an injection system, simulating bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and simulating production of a production well by adopting constant yield simulation;
(6) The first displacement pump is utilized to provide energy for bottom water for simulation development, the first pressure sensor and the computer monitor production pressure difference in real time, the camera system records the whole experimental process, and the acquisition system accurately measures the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount.
Example 2:
the experimental method for increasing yield by injecting gas into a water cone after bottom water development by using the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device according to the embodiment 1 comprises the following operation steps:
(1) firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6) in the embodiment 1, disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system into a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system;
(2) opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure by a second pressure sensor in real time, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection pressure water cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
(3) and (3) closing the third valve after gas injection is completed, connecting the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, performing the bottom water heavy oil reservoir gas injection pressure water cone post-production increase experiment according to the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (4) - (6) in the embodiment 1, and accurately metering the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
Example 3:
the experimental method for the influence of injection of different types of viscosity reducers on the shape of water cone and the improvement of recovery ratio after the bottom water development is carried out by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device as described in the embodiment 1 comprises the following operation steps:
a. firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6) in the embodiment 1, disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system into a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter a two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the imaging system records the injection process in the whole process of viscosity reducer injection;
c. and (3) after the viscosity reducer is injected, the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with the injection system and the acquisition system again, the influence experiment of the viscosity reducer injected into the heavy oil reservoir of the bottom water on the water cone shape and the recovery ratio is carried out according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment in the embodiment 1, and the acquisition system accurately measures the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount.
Claims (6)
1. The device for simulating the water cone morphology of the horizontal well of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir and controlling water and viscosity reduction experiment is characterized by comprising an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, an acquisition system, a water control viscosity reduction system, a pressure acquisition and processing system and a camera system, wherein,
the inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with an injection system, the injection system is used for saturating water and saturated oil and providing bottom water energy, the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system is respectively connected with a collection system and a water-control viscosity-reducing system, the collection system is used for controlling the exploitation speed, collecting and measuring the liquid production amount, the water production amount and the oil production amount, the water-control viscosity-reducing system is used for performing experiments of yield-increasing measures, the inlet end and the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system are both connected with a pressure collection and processing system, the pressure collection and processing system is used for monitoring pressure changes in the experimental process in real time, and the outer side of the two-dimensional simulation system is provided with a camera system which is used for recording the experimental process;
the two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover and a sand filling box, wherein the sealing cover is arranged on the sand filling box, 3 fluid inlets and corresponding fluid outlets are arranged on the sealing cover, a horizontal sand blocking strip is arranged at the lower end in a cavity of the sand filling box, vertical sand blocking strips are arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips and used for ensuring that bottom water and an oil-containing sand body are uniformly contacted, the vertical sand blocking strips are used for partitioning to simulate and control a water cone of a heterogeneous oil reservoir, 9 fluid inlets are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box, and a visible window is arranged on the sealing cover and is transparent toughened glass;
the injection system comprises a first displacement pump, a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container, wherein the first displacement pump is connected with the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container through a first valve and a second valve respectively, the outlets of the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container are connected with the inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system through a first six-way valve, and oil and water are filled in the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container respectively;
the acquisition system comprises a flowmeter, an oil-water separator, an aqueous phase meter and an oil phase meter, wherein the oil-water separator is respectively connected with the aqueous phase meter and the oil phase meter, the oil-water separator is connected with a two-dimensional simulation system outlet through a second six-way valve, and the flowmeter is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the oil-water separator and the two-dimensional simulation system;
the water control viscosity reduction system comprises a second displacement pump, an air source, a third intermediate container and a mass flowmeter, wherein an outlet of the second displacement pump is connected with the third intermediate container through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container is sequentially communicated with the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the water cone shape and volume and improving the recovery ratio; the air source is sequentially communicated with the third valve, the mass flowmeter, the second six-way valve and the two-dimensional simulation system outlet, so that the air injection pressure water cone experiment is performed after the water cone is formed.
2. The device for simulating the water cone morphology of a horizontal well of a heavy oil reservoir with bottom water and controlling water viscosity reduction experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the computer is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to a first six-way valve and a second six-way valve.
3. The device for simulating the water cone morphology of the horizontal well of the heavy oil reservoir with the bottom water and controlling water viscosity reduction experiment according to claim 2, wherein the camera system is a camera, and the camera is connected with a computer.
4. The experimental method of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the bottom water exploitation experimental operation steps are as follows:
(1) Filling fine sand into the sand filling box, then sealing and fixing the sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, filling crude oil into the first intermediate container, and filling stratum water into the second intermediate container;
(2) Opening a second valve, closing a first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system and flow out from a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating pore volume according to the change of the weight of the saturated water of the two-dimensional simulation system, wherein a specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value between the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after the saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before the saturated water to the density of the water;
(3) Closing a second valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated oil, allowing fluid to flow in from a fluid outlet of a two-dimensional simulation system, allowing fluid to flow out from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, metering a liquid outlet condition, driving oil and water, injecting thick oil into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, obtaining a water outlet volume which is a saturated oil volume, calculating original oil saturation and bound water saturation, wherein the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the saturated oil volume to the pore volume, and the bound water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) Opening a second valve, closing the first valve, and accessing a second intermediate container;
(5) Connecting a pipeline to an acquisition system at the middle interface of a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system to simulate a production well; connecting an intermediate interface of a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system with a pipeline to connect with an injection system, simulating bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and simulating production of a production well by adopting constant yield;
(6) The first displacement pump is utilized to provide energy for bottom water for simulation development, the first pressure sensor and the computer monitor production pressure difference in real time, the camera system records the whole experimental process, and the acquisition system accurately measures the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount.
5. The experimental method of the horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device for the heavy oil reservoir of the bottom water as claimed in claim 4, wherein the operation steps of the gas injection cone pressure stimulation experimental operation after the bottom water development are as follows:
(1) firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
(2) opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure by a second pressure sensor in real time, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection pressure water cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
(3) and (3) closing the third valve after gas injection is completed, connecting the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, carrying out a yield increase experiment after the gas injection pressure water cone of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir according to the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (4) - (6), and accurately metering the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
6. The experimental method of the horizontal well water cone morphological simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device for the heavy oil reservoir of bottom water according to claim 4, wherein the experimental operation steps of injecting different types of viscosity reducers to influence the water cone shape and the recovery ratio after the bottom water development are as follows:
a. firstly, performing bottom water exploitation experimental steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the acquisition system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reducing system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter a two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the imaging system records the injection process in the whole process of viscosity reducer injection;
c. and (3) after the viscosity reducer is injected, the two-dimensional simulation system is connected with the injection system and the collection system again, the influence experiment of the viscosity reducer injected into the heavy oil reservoir of the bottom water on the water cone shape and the recovery ratio is carried out according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment, and the collection system accurately measures the collected liquid amount, the collected oil amount and the collected water amount.
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