CN108862468B

CN108862468B - Oil-water separation test device depending on gravity backflow

Info

Publication number: CN108862468B
Application number: CN201810663118.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范广铭; 阎昌琪; 王建军; 王刚; 徐浚修; 曾晓波
Original assignee: Harbin Engineering University
Current assignee: Harbin Engineering University
Priority date: 2018-06-25
Filing date: 2018-06-25
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-25
Also published as: CN108862468A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to an oil-water separation test device depending on gravity backflow. The system comprises a water supply system, an oil supply system, an overflow oil tank, a temperature measurement system, a flow measurement system, a pressure measurement system, an image acquisition system, a sampling system and a data acquisition system. According to the invention, by utilizing the principles of gravity separation and backflow and adopting the overflow pipelines of the overflow oil tank and the water tank, most of oil working media can be recovered in time in the experimental process, so that the sustainability of the experimental process is ensured; the design of an overflow oil tank and an isolation water tank is adopted, so that the cleanness of working media in an experiment is ensured; the separation effect of the oil-water separator under the condition of different flow parameters can be detected in time by arranging sampling ports at different positions; the distribution state of oil-water phases under different working conditions in the separator can be effectively determined by visual observation. The test device has simple structure and high measurement precision, and is suitable for the performance research and the structure optimization of centrifugal separators in different forms.

Description

Oil-water separation test device depending on gravity backflow

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to an oil-water separation test device depending on gravity backflow.

Background

In the petroleum and chemical industry, the oil-water mixture flows in a pipe, and the oil-water separation process is an indispensable link in production. In recent years, many oil-water separation devices have been developed, and among them, an oil-water separator using a centrifugal technology is often smaller in size and more suitable for use in a production process.

For the oil-water separator adopting the centrifugal technology, due to the fact that the method for generating the centrifugal force is different from the structural parameters of the separator, the separation effect and the applicable flow range are different, and therefore a special test device is needed to be used for comprehensively evaluating the performance of the oil-water separator and determining the direction of optimization and improvement.

At present, some oil-water separation equipment and test devices thereof are disclosed in patents and literatures, but mainly researches on gravity separation equipment are taken as main points. Different from gravity separation equipment, centrifugal separation equipment often is oil water mixture at the oil drain port exhaust, and has certain emulsification phenomenon, for the sustainability of assurance test and measured data's accuracy, needs to retrieve oil quality in succession in the experimentation to prevent that emulsion and water from getting into the oil tank and causing measuring error. The existing test devices often cannot solve the problems fundamentally.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an oil-water separation experimental device which has a simple structure, is flexible and convenient to operate and has high automation degree and flows back by means of gravity.

An experimental apparatus for oil-water separation by gravity reflux, comprising: the device comprises a water tank 1, a water pump 2, a turbine flowmeter 3, an inlet regulating valve 4, an oil-water mixer 5, a test section 7, an outlet regulating valve 10, an oil tank 19, an oil pump 21, a mass flowmeter 22, an oil quantity regulating valve 23, an overflow oil tank 28, a thermocouple 6, a flow measuring system, a pressure measuring system, an image acquisition system, a sampling system and a data acquisition system, wherein the oil-water mixer, the inlet regulating valve, the turbine flowmeter, the water pump and the water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device water loop, the oil-water mixer, the oil quantity regulating valve, the mass flowmeter, the oil pump and the oil tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device oil loop, a lower outlet of the test section is connected with the left side of the overflow oil tank through a pipeline, an upper outlet of the test section is connected with the right side of the overflow oil tank through a pipeline, a sampling, an outlet regulating valve 10 and a second sampling regulating valve 11 are arranged on the pipeline, the bottom port is connected with the oil-water mixer 5 through the pipeline, and the position of the overflow oil tank 28 is higher than the oil tank 19 and lower than the lower oil discharging port of the test section 7 on the vertical height.

A connecting pipeline is arranged between the water tank 1 and the oil pump 21 and is controlled by a water tank switching valve 33, and a oil tank switching valve 20 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the oil tank and the oil pump.

The test section 7, the oil tank 19 and the overflow oil tank 28 are all made of transparent materials, a blow-down valve 29 is arranged at the lower part of the oil tank, and a high-speed camera 34 is arranged on the left side of the test tube.

The overflow oil tank 28 comprises a fluid inlet 35, an oil outlet 36, a bottom outlet 37, a vertical baffle 38, an overflow baffle 39, a middle partition plate 40, a cleaning port 41 and an overflow regulating valve 31, wherein the overflow regulating valve is positioned at the upper part of the overflow oil tank, the middle partition plate divides the overflow oil tank into two parts with equal volumes on the left and the right, and volume scales 30 are arranged in the two parts; the fluid inlet is arranged on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank and is lower than the position of the overflow baffle, and the oil outlet is arranged on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank and is higher than the position of the overflow baffle.

The vertical baffle 38 is embedded into the groove of the middle partition plate, and is respectively connected and bonded with the middle partition plate, the overflow baffle and the wall surface of the overflow oil tank, so that the sealing property is ensured; the overflow baffle is recessed along the central line to form a folding structure, the overflow baffle is arranged in the overflow oil tank in a backward-inclined manner from the front, the lower end of the overflow baffle is connected with the middle partition plate, the front end of the overflow baffle is connected with the vertical baffle, the other surfaces of the overflow baffle are connected with the wall surfaces of the overflow oil tank, and all the connecting surfaces are bonded and ensure the sealing property.

The inside of the water tank 1 is divided into a clean water tank 13 and a sewage tank 12, and

water level meters

14 and 15 are arranged in the clean water tank and the sewage tank; a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sewage tank; the upper part of the sewage tank is provided with an overflow pipeline.

The pressure measurement system comprises a pressure sensor 8, a differential pressure sensor 9, a thermocouple and the pressure sensor are located at the inlet of the test section, and the differential pressure sensor is located at the two ends of the test section.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention utilizes the principle of gravity separation and reflux, adopts the overflow pipelines of the overflow oil tank and the water tank, can timely recover most of oil working media in the experimental process, and ensures the sustainability of the experimental process; the design of the overflow oil tank and the isolation water tank can ensure the cleanness of working media in the experiment, prevent the emulsion from influencing the experiment process and ensure the experiment precision; the volume scale on the overflow oil tank can be used for comparing the oil discharge quantity of each lead-out port of the separator under different working conditions, so that an important basis is provided for the structural optimization of the separator; the separation effect of the oil-water separator under the conditions of different flow parameters can be detected in time by arranging sampling ports at different positions, and the applicable conditions of the separator are given; the distribution states of oil and water phases under different working conditions in the separator can be effectively determined by utilizing visual observation and high-speed camera shooting technology, and a reliable reference basis is provided for the optimization design of the separator; the long-time continuous experimental research can be completed by using a small amount of oil on the premise of ensuring the measurement accuracy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an overflow fuel tank of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the water tank of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-3:

as shown in the attached figure 1, the whole structure mainly comprises a water tank 1, a water pump 2, a turbine flowmeter 3, an inlet regulating valve 4, an oil-water mixer 5, a thermocouple 6, a test section 7, a pressure sensor 8, a differential pressure sensor 9, an outlet regulating valve 10, a sampling regulating valve II 11, a sewage tank 12, a clean water tank 13,

water level meters

14 and 15, a tap water regulating valve 16, a blow-off valve 17, a water tank overflow regulating valve 18, an oil tank 19, an oil tank switching valve 20, an oil pump 21, a mass flowmeter 22, an oil quantity regulating valve 23, separator leading-out port sampling regulating valves I24 and I24 ', separator leading-out port flow regulating valves 25 and 25', an oil-water

mixture accommodating tank

26, 27, an overflow oil tank 28, overflow oil tank blow-off valves 29, 29 ', overflow oil tank volume scales 30, 30', an overflow regulating valve 31, an oil tank blow-off valve 32, a water tank switching valve 33 and a high-speed camera 34. When being used for centrifugal oil water separator performance test, its technical scheme is: before the experiment, a coloring agent is properly added into the oil tank 19 according to the type and the color of the oil so as to distinguish two working media, namely oil and water; and (4) observing whether water or emulsion exists at the bottom of the oil tank, if so, closing the switching valve 20 of the oil tank, opening the drain valve 32 of the oil tank, and discharging the water and the emulsion to ensure the purity of the experimental working medium. Starting the water pump 2 to enable water in the clear water tank 13 to flow through the turbine flowmeter 3, adjust the flow through the inlet adjusting valve 4 and then enter the oil-water mixer 5; the oil pump 21 is started to make the oil in the oil tank 19 pass through the mass flow meter 22 and enter the oil-water mixer 5 after the flow is regulated by the oil quantity regulating valve 23. Oil and water are fully mixed and then enter a test section 7 through a pipeline to carry out an oil-water separation experiment, the temperature of an oil-water mixture is measured by a thermocouple 6 at the inlet of the test section 7, the inlet pressure is measured by a pressure sensor 8, the pressure drop of the test section is measured by a differential pressure sensor 9, and the density and the viscosity of the oil and the water can be respectively calculated through the measurement of parameters such as pressure, temperature and the like; in addition to visual observation during the test, the high-speed camera 34 records the image data of the oil-water separation process as the basis for evaluating the performance of the oil-water separator and optimizing the improvement. The separated working medium flows into a sewage tank 12, and sampling and testing are carried out by a branch of the second sampling regulating valve 11, so that the oil content in the separated water is determined. In the experiment, the water levels in the sewage tank and the clean water tank are observed through the

water level meters

14 and 15, if the water level in the clean water tank is too low, the tap water regulating valve 16 is opened to supplement water, if the water level in the sewage tank is too high, the drain valve 17 is opened to drain sewage, and if the oil layer in the sewage tank is thick, the surface floating oil is drained by the tank overflow regulating valve 18 and is injected into the oil tank 19 to be circulated again. The oil separated by the test section, a small amount of water and emulsion respectively enter oil-water

mixture containing boxes

26 and 27 in an overflow oil tank 28 through an upper lead-out port, a lower lead-out port and a connecting pipeline of the separator, and sampling and testing are carried out by utilizing sampling regulating valves 24 and 24' of the lead-out port of the separator to determine the oil-water ratio. Respectively recording the total volume of the fluid discharged into the oil-water

mixture containing boxes

26 and 27 in unit time and the volume of visible oil by using overflow oil tank volume scales 30 and 30', estimating the total volume flow and the oil-water ratio of the mixed liquid, and analyzing the emulsification degree of the oil by comparing with a sampling test result; the liquid discharge amount and the oil discharge amount of the two leading-out ports are compared, and a basis is provided for the optimal design of the separator. During the experiment, the liquid level is raised or lowered by adjusting the opening degree of the overflow oil tank blow-down valves 29 and 29', so that the oil in the overflow oil tank 28 flows back to the oil tank 19 through the pipeline under the action of gravity and continues to circulate.

As shown in fig. 2, the overflow tank structure includes: overflow tank fluid inlets 35, 35 ', overflow tank oil outlets 36, overflow tank bottom outlets 37, 37 ', vertical baffles 38, overflow baffles 39, intermediate partitions 40, overflow tank purge ports 41, 41 '. The internal volume of the overflow tank is divided into left, right and upper three sections by vertical baffles 38, overflow baffles 39 and intermediate partition plates 40. After the oil-water mixture enters the left and right volume spaces through the fluid inlets 35 and 35', the layering of the visible oil, water and emulsion is realized under the action of gravity. Along with the rising of liquid level, the oil reservoir is thickened gradually, and after the liquid level surpassed the upper edge of vertical baffle 38, the oil reservoir can flow along the overflow baffle 39 of downward sloping under the effect of gravity, because the both sides of overflow baffle 39 still incline to the central line simultaneously, therefore oil working medium can finally gather near overflow tank oil-out 36 and flow from this department.

As shown in fig. 3, the water tank structure includes: a sewage tank drain 42, a clean water tank bottom interface 43, a sewage tank level gauge interface 44, 44 ', a clean water tank level gauge interface 45, 45', and a tank overflow 46. The inside of the water tank is divided into a clean water tank and a sewage tank, and water level meters are arranged in the clean water tank and the sewage tank and can observe water levels; the water in the clear water tank is supplemented by a tap water pipeline, and the flow is regulated by a regulating valve to prevent overflow; a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sewage tank, and flow regulation is carried out through a regulating valve; the upper part of the sewage tank is provided with an overflow pipeline and is adjusted by an adjusting valve, so that an oil layer separated by gravity in the sewage tank can be discharged and utilized through the overflow pipeline.

The utility model provides a rely on oil-water separation experimental apparatus of gravity backward flow specifically includes: the device comprises a water tank, a water pump, a turbine flowmeter, an inlet regulating valve, an oil-water mixer, a test section, an outlet regulating valve, an oil tank, an oil pump, a mass flowmeter, an oil quantity regulating valve, an overflow oil tank, a thermocouple, a flow measuring system, a pressure measuring system, an image acquisition system, a sampling system and a data acquisition system. The oil-water mixer, the inlet regulating valve, the turbine flowmeter, the water pump and the water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device water loop, and the oil-water mixer, the oil quantity regulating valve, the mass flowmeter, the oil pump and the oil tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device oil loop. The oil-water mixer, the experiment pipe, the outlet regulating valve, the water tank and the water loop are connected through pipelines to form an external loop, and the oil-water mixer, the experiment pipe, the overflow oil tank and the oil tank are connected through pipelines to form an internal loop.

The oil-water separation test device based on gravity backflow is characterized in that a connecting pipeline is arranged between the water tank and the oil pump and is separated by a valve, a valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the oil tank and the oil pump, and flowing working media in the oil pump are switched by adjusting the switch of the valve. When the test is carried out, the oil pump is connected with the oil tank, and when the test is finished, the oil pump is connected with the water tank and washes the oil loop.

According to the oil-water separation test device based on gravity backflow, the water flow in the experiment is adjusted by the inlet adjusting valve and is measured by the turbine flowmeter; the oil flow is adjusted by an oil quantity adjusting valve and is measured by a mass flowmeter; the system pressure is regulated by an outlet regulating valve.

Rely on the oil-water separation test device of gravity backward flow, oil tank and overflow oil tank adopt transparent material to make, can directly acquire liquid level information through observing in the experiment to prevent that there is water to get into oil return circuit and influence measuring result.

The oil-water separation test device based on gravity backflow is characterized in that a drain valve is arranged on the lower portion of an oil tank and used for draining water at the bottom of the oil tank, and test precision is guaranteed.

The oil-water separation test device based on gravity backflow is characterized in that the position of the overflow oil tank is higher than the oil tank and lower than the lower oil discharge port of the test section in the vertical height.

The oil-water separation test device relying on gravity backflow has the advantages that the test section is made of transparent materials, visual observation can be conducted, and the high-speed camera on the left side of the experiment tube is used for recording experiment phenomena in real time. The experimental section adopts centrifugal separation technique, and the oil of separating is drawn forth by upper and lower two exports, and the export links to each other with the left side of overflow oil tank through the pipeline down, and the export links to each other with the right side of overflow oil tank through the pipeline on going up, all has a sample governing valve and flow control valve on each oil extraction pipeline, and experiment pipe top port passes through the tube coupling water tank, has export governing valve and sample governing valve on the pipeline, and lower part port passes through the tube coupling oil water mixer.

The overflow oil tank utilizes the density difference between oil and water to perform gravity separation on an oil-water mixture discharged from the test section, and the separated oil is discharged into the oil tank through a pipeline and is circulated again.

The internal structure of the overflow oil tank comprises a fluid inlet, an oil outlet, a bottom outlet, a vertical baffle, an overflow baffle, a middle partition plate and a cleaning port, wherein an overflow regulating valve is arranged at the upper part of the overflow oil tank and can regulate the height of the liquid level in the oil tank, so that an oil layer overflows back to the oil tank and the water is prevented from entering the oil tank to cause measurement errors; the middle partition plate divides the overflow oil tank into a left part and a right part with equal volumes, respectively accommodates oil-water mixtures discharged from an upper lead-out port and a lower lead-out port of the test section, and measures the oil discharge amount on two sides through a calibrated volume scale; the vertical baffle is embedded into the groove of the middle partition plate and is respectively connected and bonded with the middle partition plate, the overflow baffle and the wall surface of the overflow oil tank, so that the sealing property is ensured; the overflow baffle is recessed along the central line to form a folding structure, the overflow baffle is arranged in the overflow oil tank in a backward-inclined manner from the front, the lower end of the overflow baffle is connected with the middle partition plate, the front end of the overflow baffle is connected with the vertical baffle, the other surfaces of the overflow baffle are connected with the wall surfaces of the overflow oil tank, and all the connecting surfaces are bonded and ensure the sealing property. The fluid inlet is lower than the position of the overflow baffle on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank, the oil outlet is higher than the position of the overflow baffle on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank, the sealing performance of the cleaning port needs to be guaranteed during testing, and the cleaning port is opened after testing to clean the lower space of the overflow oil tank.

The inside of the water tank is divided into a clean water tank and a sewage tank, and water level meters are arranged in the clean water tank and the sewage tank and can observe water levels; the water in the clear water tank is supplemented by a tap water pipeline, and the flow is regulated by a regulating valve to prevent overflow; a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sewage tank, and flow regulation is carried out through a regulating valve; the upper part of the sewage tank is provided with an overflow pipeline and is adjusted by an adjusting valve, so that an oil layer separated by gravity in the sewage tank can be discharged and utilized through the overflow pipeline.

The oil-water separation test device relying on gravity backflow is characterized in that a thermocouple and a pressure sensor are located at an inlet of a test section and used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of fluid at the inlet of an experiment pipe, the pressure difference sensor is located at two ends of the test section and used for measuring the resistance of the test section, temperature, flow, pressure and pressure difference data in an experiment are input into a PC through an NI data acquisition system, and the experiment data are acquired, calculated and displayed through specially-made software, so that the real-time monitoring of experiment working conditions is realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the structures of the test loop and the overflow oil tank can be adjusted according to different experimental requirements and changes of the oil-water separator stage number, which are not listed here. In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for oil-water separation by gravity reflux, comprising: water tank (1), water pump (2), turbine flowmeter (3), entry governing valve (4), oil-water mixer (5), test section (7), export governing valve (10), oil tank (19), oil pump (21), mass flow meter (22), oil mass regulating valve (23), overflow oil tank (28), thermocouple (6) and flow measurement system, pressure measurement system, image acquisition system, sampling system and data acquisition system, its characterized in that: the device comprises an oil-water mixer, an inlet regulating valve, a turbine flowmeter, a water pump and a water tank which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device water loop, the oil-water mixer, an oil quantity regulating valve, a mass flowmeter, an oil pump and an oil tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a device oil loop, a lower outlet of a test section is connected with the left side of an overflow oil tank through a pipeline, an upper outlet is connected with the right side of the overflow oil tank through a pipeline, each oil discharge pipeline is provided with a first sampling regulating valve (24) and a flow regulating valve (25), a top port of the test section is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a second outlet regulating valve (10) and a second sampling regulating valve (11), a bottom port is connected with the oil-water mixer (5) through a pipeline, and the position of the overflow oil tank (28); the test section is a centrifugal oil-water separator;

the overflow oil tank (28) comprises a fluid inlet (35), an oil outlet (36), a bottom outlet (37), a vertical baffle (38), an overflow baffle (39), a middle partition plate (40) and a cleaning port (41), the overflow regulating valve (31) is positioned at the upper part of the overflow oil tank, the middle partition plate divides the overflow oil tank into two parts with equal volumes on the left and the right, and volume scales (30) are arranged in the two parts; the fluid inlet is arranged on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank and is lower than the overflow baffle, and the oil outlet is arranged on the vertical wall surface of the overflow oil tank and is higher than the overflow baffle;

the vertical baffle (38) is embedded into the groove of the middle partition plate and is respectively connected and bonded with the middle partition plate, the overflow baffle and the wall surface of the overflow oil tank, so that the sealing property is ensured; the overflow baffle is recessed along the central line to form a folding structure, the overflow baffle is arranged in the overflow oil tank in a backward-inclined manner from the front, the lower end of the overflow baffle is connected with the middle partition plate, the front end of the overflow baffle is connected with the vertical baffle, the other surfaces of the overflow baffle are connected with the wall surfaces of the overflow oil tank, and all the connecting surfaces are bonded and ensure the sealing property.

2. The experimental device for oil-water separation based on gravity reflux as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a connecting pipeline is arranged between the water tank (1) and the oil pump (21) and is controlled by a water tank switching valve (33), and an oil tank switching valve (20) is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the oil tank and the oil pump.

3. The experimental device for oil-water separation based on gravity reflux as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the test section (7), the oil tank (19) and the overflow oil tank (28) are all made of transparent materials, a drain valve (29) is arranged at the lower part of the oil tank, and a high-speed camera (34) is arranged on the left side of the test section.

4. The experimental device for oil-water separation based on gravity reflux as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside of the water tank (1) is divided into a clean water tank (13) and a sewage tank (12), and water level meters (14, 15) are arranged in the clean water tank and the sewage tank; a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sewage tank; the upper part of the sewage tank is provided with an overflow pipeline.

5. The experimental device for oil-water separation based on gravity reflux as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure measurement system comprises a pressure sensor (8) and a differential pressure sensor (9), wherein the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are positioned at an inlet of the test section, and the differential pressure sensor is positioned at two ends of the test section.