CN104897188B - A kind of method and experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of method and experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897188B CN104897188B CN201510336568.5A CN201510336568A CN104897188B CN 104897188 B CN104897188 B CN 104897188B CN 201510336568 A CN201510336568 A CN 201510336568A CN 104897188 B CN104897188 B CN 104897188B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method and experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, the device includes cistern, constant current water tank, test pipeline, water tank；Cistern is by reflux pump to the constant current cistern water supply, and the water in constant current water tank flows into the water inlet for testing pipeline with default constant flow rate, and the delivery port of test pipeline is connected with water tank；Test pipeline and be provided with several water level monitoring vertical tubes, the gradient for testing pipeline is adjustable, the barrier for being used for simulating alluvial situation is provided with test pipeline.This method includes the first hydraulic gradient of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position in clear and the second hydraulic gradient when having barrier, pipeline alluvial index is determined according to the first hydraulic gradient and the second hydraulic gradient, single experiment array is obtained, the single experiment array includes conduit slope, water inlet flow velocity, barrier specification and position, pipeline alluvial index；Repeat the above steps and obtain the alluvial characteristic curve that some single experiment arrays build drainage pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic.
Background technology
Sewage is collected the suspended solid being discharged into treatment facility, but sewage by drainage pipeline and can sent out in course of conveying
Raw precipitation.With the growth of drainage pipeline service time, the possibility of alluvial is sharply increased.Pipeline alluvial blocking is drainage pipeline networks
The major issue faced in daily operation management.Frictional head loss can be caused to increase in deposit alluvial waterpower, cause draining
It is not smooth, cause the overload operation and combined sewer overflow of drainage system to advance to and reach, or even road surface is overflowed, cause ponding and pollution
Environment.
Lack the technological means for grasping drainage pipeline networks actual operating state in current operational management, it is difficult to evaluation of subterranean draining
The daily alluvial situation of pipe network, lacks necessary data support on the hydraulic analysis of drainage pipeline networks and maintenance desilting management.With
Outfit monitoring device and professional computation model in Informatization Development and modern drainage management demand, drainage pipeline to necessitate.
Therefore it is badly in need of a kind of hydraulic set for probing into drain line blockage situation and ga ge relation of exploitation, the monitoring characteristic that pipeline is deposited
Rule is applied to drainage pipeline networks, and by setting liquid level gauge in inspection shaft, waterlevel data is collected for a long time, with reference to hydraulic model point
Analysis, optimization maintenance management work.
The content of the invention
For defect of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic
And experimental provision.
A kind of experimental provision of the analysis drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic provided according to the present invention, including：Cistern, constant current water
Case, test pipeline, water tank；
The cistern is by reflux pump to the constant current cistern water supply, and the water in the constant current water tank is with default constant
Flow flows into the water inlet of the test pipeline, and the delivery port of the test pipeline is connected with the water tank；
The test pipeline is provided with several water level monitoring vertical tubes,
The gradient of the test pipeline is adjustable, and the barrier for being used for simulating alluvial situation is provided with the test pipeline.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the constant current water tank includes interior case, water jacket, water inlet pipe, overflow pipe, constant current delivery port；
The interior case is provided with steady flow baffle between the constant current delivery port and water inlet pipe, and the water jacket is located in described
On the outer wall of case, the Single port of the overflow pipe is connected with the water jacket, and another port is connected to the cistern；
Water in the cistern introduces the interior case by the reflux pump by the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe enters
The water yield that water exceedes the constant current delivery port causes the water in the interior case to be spilled over to the water in the water jacket, the water jacket
The cistern is flowed into by the overflow pipe.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the constant current water tank also includes adjustable for height support base.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the water level monitoring vertical tube is installed on the test pipeline by three-way connector.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, including an adjustable pipe support, the test pipeline is installed on the adjustable pipe support, described
Adjustable pipe support is used to support the test pipeline, and sets the gradient of the test pipeline.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the water tank is connected with the cistern by a return duct, and the return duct is also
Provided with for preventing water from flowing to the check valve of water tank from the cistern, and it is turned on and off the backflow of the return duct
Valve.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the constant current water tank is connected to the test pipeline by flexible pipe and horizontal connection tube
Water inlet；The horizontal connection tube is provided with flow control valve and flowmeter；
The test pipeline is entered by the horizontal connection tube after the water inflow flexible pipe in the constant current water tank
Water inlet.
Based on identical inventive concept, present invention also offers a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, including：
Step A, obtains current drainage pipeline parameter, and the drainage pipeline parameter includes the ttom of pipe of drainage pipeline to be analyzed
The gradient, and/or water inlet flow velocity, and/or Obstacle Position, and/or barrier specification, and determine that first monitors position and the
First hydraulic gradient i of the two monitoring positions in the case where being not provided with barrier stateaWith the second waterpower being provided with barrier state
Gradient ib；
Step B, the pipe for evaluating current drainage pipeline is determined according to first hydraulic gradient and the second hydraulic gradient
Deposit index in roadSingle experiment array is obtained, the single experiment array is including pipeline alluvial index K and its correspondingly
Drainage pipeline parameter；
Step C, changes the drainage pipeline parameter, and repeating said steps A to step B obtains the single of predetermined number
Test after array, the alluvial characteristic curve of drainage pipeline is built according to the single experiment array of predetermined number.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the first monitoring position described in step A and the second monitoring position are being not provided with barrier shape
The first hydraulic gradient i under stateaWith the second hydraulic gradient i being provided with barrier statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, obtains the first monitoring position and second and monitor position
Water level, and then obtain the first water-head Δ H being not provided with barrier statea=Ha1-Ha2, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradientWherein, Ha1For the water level of the first monitoring position, Ha2For second monitoring position water level, L be first monitoring position and
The spacing of second monitoring position；
The shape for thing of being placed obstacles in the drainage pipeline to be analyzed between position is monitored in the described first monitoring position and second
Under state, the water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the be provided with barrier state
Two water-head Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For first monitoring position water level,
Hb2For the water level of the second monitoring position, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the first monitoring position described in step A and the second monitoring position are being not provided with barrier shape
The first hydraulic gradient i under stateaWith the second hydraulic gradient i being provided with barrier statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, the first monitoring position and second monitors position
First hydraulic gradient is equal to the ttom of pipe gradient of the drainage pipeline to be analyzed, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradient iA=ia', wherein,
ia' be the drainage pipeline the ttom of pipe gradient；
The shape for thing of being placed obstacles in the drainage pipeline to be analyzed between position is monitored in the described first monitoring position and second
Under state, the water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the be provided with barrier state
Two water-head Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For the water of the first monitoring position
Position, Hb2For the water level of the second monitoring position, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
Constant current water tank is made up of interior case and water jacket in the present invention, reduces volume, saves cost, and alleviate water tank weight.
Adjustable for height water tank and pipe support are with the addition of in the present invention, test conduit slope is can adjust, it is convenient to study different slopes
The situation of change of waterpower in the case of degree.
Method disclosed by the invention deposits index to evaluate the alluvial degree of drainage pipeline with pipeline, is conducive to drainpipe
The alluvial situation in road makes quantitative description, facilitates related researcher intuitively to understand the alluvial situation of drainage pipeline, further
Beneficial to the processing that adaptability is made for different alluvial situations.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, being used required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it is therefore apparent that drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for ability
For field technique personnel, on the premise of not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.It is attached
In figure：
Fig. 1 is self-loopa frictional head loss experimental provision of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the alluvial view for testing pipeline in alternative embodiment；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of analysis drainage pipeline in alternative embodiment deposits the experimental provision structural representation of characteristic；
Fig. 4 is a kind of adjustable for height support base structural representation of constant current water tank in alternative embodiment；
Fig. 5 is a kind of adjustable pipe support structural representation in alternative embodiment.
In figure, A1-. differential water pressures meters, A2- manometers, A3- experimental channels, A4- mercury differential manometers, A5- slides measuring scale,
A6- flowing water Valves, A7- water intaking valves, A8- tube of pressure-stabilizing；
Case in 1- constant current water tanks, 2-, 3- water jackets, 4- dividing plates, 5- flexible pipes, 6- flow control valves, 7- flowmeters, 8- testing tubes
Road, 9- adpting flanges, 10- water level monitoring vertical tubes, 11- water tanks, 12- barriers, 13- return ducts, 14- cisterns, 15- backflows
Pump, 16- water inlet pipes, 17- overflow pipes, the adjustable for height support bases of 18-, the pin brandreths of 19- tetra-, 20- jack, 21- adjustable tubes
Frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail in the way of specific embodiment.Following examples will be helpful to
Those skilled in the art further understands the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that can be with
Using other embodiments, or modification structurally and functionally is carried out to embodiment enumerated herein, without departing from this hair
Bright scope and spirit.
Fig. 1 is experimental provision in the prior art according to the foundation of hydromechanical frictional head loss experimental principle.Along journey
The experimental principle of loss of flood peak experiment is to calculate pipeline frictional resistant coefficient according to Darcy formula (1), sees formula (2), Fig. 1 is
Self-loopa frictional head loss experimental provision.
In formula, hf--- frictional head loss, unit m；
D --- pipe diameter, unit m；
λ --- frictional resistant coefficient, λ=8g/C2；
L --- duct length, unit m；
V --- cross-section of river mean flow rate, unit m/s；
G --- acceleration of gravity, unit m/s2；
Q --- flow, unit m3/s；
C --- thank to ability coefficient.
Fig. 1 experimental method and step：
Prepare I comparison device Fig. 1 and explanation, get title, effect and its operation principle of each building block clear；Record relevant
Experimental constant：Work bore d and experiment pipe range L.
Prepare II and start water pump.Flowing water Valve is first opened, then opens water intaking valve, then slowly reduces flowing water Valve aperture；Deng
Water in tube of pressure-stabilizing is where appropriate, close the exhaust outlet of tube of pressure-stabilizing.
Prepare III and adjust flux examining system.
(1) check whether pressure-measuring pipe inner air tube drains.
(2) after experimental provision water flowing exhaust, you can carry out experiment measurement.On the premise of water intaking valve, outlet valve standard-sized sheet, by
Secondary reduction water outlet valve opening, it is appropriate to reduce water inlet valve opening if there is water to be overflowed from pressure-measuring pipe, every time after regulation flow, surely
It is fixed 2~3 minutes, each piezometric surface value then is determined with slide rule, and flow is determined with graduated cylinder stopwatch, use thermometer testing temperature.
The time of measurement flow should be longer than 10 seconds every time.
(3) experiment terminate first close outlet valve 10, check than pressure meter whether back to zero, be then shut off valve 11, and cut off electricity
Source.
The pipeline configuration that prior art shown in Fig. 1 is bent due to it, is unsuitable for thing of placing obstacles, therefore carrying out draining
The effect of expectation can not be reached using the structure during pipeline alluvial specificity analysis.
In a kind of embodiment of the experimental provision for analysis drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic that the present invention is provided, as shown in figure 3,
Including：Cistern, constant current water tank, test pipeline, water tank；
The cistern is by reflux pump to the constant current cistern water supply, and the water in the constant current water tank is with default constant
Flow flows into the water inlet of the test pipeline, and the delivery port of the test pipeline is connected with the water tank；
The test pipeline is provided with several water level monitoring vertical tubes,
The gradient of the test pipeline is adjustable, and the barrier for being used for simulating alluvial situation is provided with the test pipeline.
As a kind of embodiment, the constant current water tank includes interior case, water jacket, water inlet pipe, overflow pipe, constant current delivery port；
The interior case is provided with steady flow baffle between the constant current delivery port and water inlet pipe, and the water jacket is located in described
On the outer wall of case, the Single port of the overflow pipe is connected with the water jacket, and another port is connected to the cistern；
Water in the cistern introduces the interior case by the reflux pump by the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe enters
The water yield that water exceedes the constant current delivery port causes the water in the interior case to be spilled over to the water in the water jacket, the water jacket
The cistern is flowed into by the overflow pipe.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, the constant current water tank 1 utilizes liquid level difference
One timing, the constant principle design of vertical water outflowing jet flow is made up of interior case 2 and water jacket 3, and centre is provided with dividing plate 4, is gone out for stabilization
Current state.When the inflow of permanent water tank exceedes water yield, unnecessary water is from the rectangle thin-wall weir overflow of interior case 2 to water jacket 3.Outside
Water in groove 3 flows out from the overflow pipe 17 of water jacket 3 again, returns to cistern 14.The interior bottom of case 2 be provided with draining valve, be easy to emptying and
Clean water tank.In interior case liquid level be always maintained at it is constant with interior case heights of roofs, so as to obtain invariable water in constant current delivery port
Pressure, it is constant in constant current delivery port aperture in the case of, its Water discharge flow speed is constant.And dividing plate 4 exists water inlet pipe and constant current delivery port
Isolate to a certain extent, prevent from influenceing water state into the phenomenon such as vortex caused by water, the dividing plate is conducive to stable constant current
Water outlet.
The water that the constant current water tank 1 is exported by flexible pipe 5 is after the Flow-rate adjustment of flow control valve 6, by flowmeter 7
Transmitted after measurement to test pipeline 8, the caliber of test pipeline 8 is 75mm.
As a kind of embodiment, the constant current water tank is connected to entering for the test pipeline by flexible pipe and horizontal connection tube
The mouth of a river；The horizontal connection tube is provided with flow control valve and flowmeter；
The test pipeline is entered by the horizontal connection tube after the water inflow flexible pipe in the constant current water tank
Water inlet.
It is in the present embodiment that test pipeline and constant current water tank are each for convenience as intermediate connector using the flexible pipe
Remain to keep pipeline connection when adjusting from height.The use of horizontal connection tube is to install the flow control valve and flow
Meter, horizontal connection tube is fixed with testing the water inlet of pipeline.
As a kind of embodiment of flowmeter 7, the flowmeter 7 is ultrasonic flowmeter.
To ensure to obtain water-carrying capacity exactly, install and full packages stream mode, connecting tube are kept in the horizontal connection tube of flowmeter 7
Road is horizontal lucite tube, and caliber is 50mm.The test pipeline 8 is lucite tube, and test pipeline 8 can be by many
The pipeline that root is connected by adpting flange 9, forms detachable pipeline.
Water level monitoring vertical tube 10 is provided with the middle of test pipeline 8, test pipeline 8 end is provided with delivery port, and water is emitted into
Water tank 11.The transparent observation wall of the water level monitoring vertical tube 10 is provided with level scale.The water level monitoring vertical tube 10 passes through
Three-way connector is installed on the test pipeline 8.Three-way connector upper end connection water level monitoring vertical tube 10, water level monitoring vertical tube
10 are additionally operable to put into the barrier.Described barrier 12 is used to simulate deposit inside pipeline.
As a kind of embodiment, the water tank 11 is connected with the cistern 14 by a return duct 13, the backflow
Pipe 13 is additionally provided with flows to the check valve of water tank 11 for preventing water from the cistern 14, and is turned on and off the backflow
The return valve of pipe.Water conservancy reflux pump 15 in the cistern 14 is lifted, and interior case 2 is flowed into by water inlet pipe 16, forms waterpower
The circulatory system；The end of water inlet pipe 16 is provided with water inlet pipe control valve, for controlling water inlet pipe uninterrupted.Water tank 11 and retaining
The bottom of pond 14 is respectively provided with 1% gradient tendency floss hole, is easy to water tank cleaning and emptying.
As shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, the simulation fluidised form of this experimental provision is attached most importance to power stream, and the constant current water tank 1 also includes height can
The support base 18 of tune.As a kind of embodiment, the adjustable for height support base 18 is by four pin brandreths 19 and jack 20
Composition.The four pin brandreth 19 is provided with jack and latch, thus can adjust the height of foot stool.The jack 20 is located at four pin
In the middle of brandreth 19, the submounts of level altitude are placed on, inlet water tank 1 is raised before foot stool height for adjusting so that whole activity
Support have it is simple to operate, the characteristics of easy to adjust.The adjustable for height support base 18 can be various structures, the present invention
Not limited to this.
As a kind of embodiment, present invention additionally comprises an adjustable pipe support 21, the test pipeline 8 is installed on the adjustable tube
On frame 21, the adjustable pipe support 21 is used to support the test pipeline 8, and sets the gradient of the test pipeline 8.It is described adjustable
Pipe support 21 is provided with nut and screw rod, and test pipeline 8 is raised or reduced as needed, is set for flexible modulation test pipeline 8
The fixed gradient.
The water tank, which fixes support 22, to be used to support water tank 11, and height is fixed.
Based on identical inventive concept, present invention also offers a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, including：
Step A, obtains current drainage pipeline parameter, and the drainage pipeline parameter includes the ttom of pipe of drainage pipeline to be analyzed
The gradient, and/or water inlet flow velocity, and/or Obstacle Position, and/or barrier specification, and determine that first monitors position and the
First hydraulic gradient i of the two monitoring positions in the case where being not provided with barrier stateaWith the second waterpower being provided with barrier state
Gradient ib；
Step B, the pipe for evaluating current drainage pipeline is determined according to first hydraulic gradient and the second hydraulic gradient
Deposit index in roadSingle experiment array is obtained, the single experiment array is including pipeline alluvial index K and its correspondingly
Drainage pipeline parameter；
Step C, changes the drainage pipeline parameter, and repeating said steps A to step B obtains the single of predetermined number
Test after array, the alluvial characteristic curve of drainage pipeline is built according to the single experiment array of predetermined number.
As a kind of embodiment, the first monitoring position described in step A and the second monitoring position are being not provided with barrier state
Under the first hydraulic gradient iaWith the second hydraulic gradient i being provided with barrier statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, obtains the first monitoring position and second and monitor position
Water level, and then obtain the first water-head Δ H being not provided with barrier statea=Ha1-Ha2, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradientWherein, Ha1For the water level of the first monitoring position, Ha2For second monitoring position water level, L be first monitoring position and
The spacing of second monitoring position；
The shape for thing of being placed obstacles in the drainage pipeline to be analyzed between position is monitored in the described first monitoring position and second
Under state, the water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the be provided with barrier state
Two water-head Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For first monitoring position water level,
Hb2For the water level of the second monitoring position, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
When the above method is applied into the experimental provision with characteristic of being deposited using above-mentioned analysis drainage pipeline, this method is specific
For：
Step 1, the gradient, the flow velocity of water inlet, Obstacle Position, the barrier specification that the test pipeline is set are updated；
Step 2, it is not provided with test pipeline in the state of barrier, according to the water level reading of two water level monitoring vertical tubes
Ha1、Ha2Obtain the first water-head Δ Ha=Ha1-Ha2；
Placed obstacles in test pipeline between described two water level monitoring vertical tubes in the state of thing, according to described two
The water level reading H of water level monitoring vertical tubeb1、Hb2Obtain the second water-head Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2；
Step 3, pipeline alluvial index is determined according to first water-head and the second water-headObtain one
Single experiment array, the single experiment array includes the pipe of pipeline alluvial index K and its corresponding drainage pipeline to be analyzed
Bottom sloping, the flow velocity of water inlet, Obstacle Position, barrier specification；
Step 4, repeating said steps 1 to step 3 obtains the alluvial spy that some experiment arrays build drainage pipeline
Linearity curve.
The specification of the barrier includes the average length and height value of barrier.
Above-mentioned steps A measurement analysis can be simplified in the case of open channel uniform flow, be not provided with barrier state, it is believed that water
The power gradient is equal to the ttom of pipe gradient, i.e. ia=ia', wherein ia' be the drainage pipeline to be analyzed the ttom of pipe gradient, iaFor waterpower slope
Degree, position is monitored because Δ H=i × L, therefore the ttom of pipe absolute altitude of two monitoring positions difference are equal to the first monitoring position and second
Water-head, Δ Ha=Δ Ha', L is the distance of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.Now a kind of analysis drainage pipeline becomes silted up
In the method for product characteristic, the first monitoring position described in step A and second monitors first of position in the case where being not provided with barrier state
Hydraulic gradient iaWith the second hydraulic gradient i being provided with barrier statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, the first monitoring position and second monitors position
First hydraulic gradient is equal to the ttom of pipe gradient of the drainage pipeline to be analyzed, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradient ia=ia', wherein,
ia' be the drainage pipeline the ttom of pipe gradient, L be first monitoring position and second monitoring position spacing；
The shape for thing of being placed obstacles in the drainage pipeline to be analyzed between position is monitored in the described first monitoring position and second
Under state, the water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the be provided with barrier state
Two water-head Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For first monitoring position water level,
Hb2For the water level of the second monitoring position, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
The accumulation of deposit reduces the conveying space of pipeline, increase resistance to water-flow, causes the decline of discharge of pipes ability,
So as to trigger the water levels of upstream and downstream difference increase of alluvial pipeline.In non-uniform flow, the depth of water and flow velocity become along journey.Stopping state
Under, the upstream depth of water is deeply bigger than downstream, then understands that upstream flow rate is smaller than downstream flow velocity, therefore the loss of flood peak according to Manning formula (3)
hf：hf=Δ H+ α (v1 2-v2 2)/2g, less than water-head Δ H, wherein α (v1 2-v2 2)/2g is the flow velocity that upstream and downstream monitor position
Head difference, wherein α are coefficient, and α is 1 in the present embodiment.If not considering, kinetic head is poor, i.e. v1=v2, obtain hf=Δ H.According to graceful
The conversion formula (4) of peaceful formula understands that, if constant along journey flow velocity v, the presence of tamper causes hydraulic gradient (i=Δ H/L)
Increase.Therefore can judge to become silted up inside pipeline according to the situation of change of water-head (Δ H) for same pipeline (pipe range L is identical)
Cumuliformis condition.
In formula：V-flow velocity, m/s；R-hydraulic radius, m；N-Manning's roughness coefficient；I-hydraulic gradient.
Fig. 2 is the alluvial schematic diagram of drainage pipeline.When in constant stream mode, no alluvial pipeline upstream and downstream inspection shaft is dirty
Water water level is respectively Ha1And Ha2, and the pipeline water levels of upstream and downstream respectively H that depositsb1And Hb2.The upstream and downstream of two kinds of situations checks well water
Potential difference is respectively Δ Ha=Ha1-Ha2With Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2。
At this moment it is pipeline alluvial index K to introduce water level with respect to change indicator, and it refers to certain period after turn on pump, and deposit pipeline
Upstream and downstream inspection shaft hydraulic gradient ibWith the hydraulic gradient i of pipeline of the corresponding period without alluvialaThe ratio between, for same pipeline (pipe
Length is equal), i.e. water-head Δ HbWith Δ HaThe ratio between.L is the distance between two observation stations.
K values are bigger, show that pipeline alluvial is more serious, the desilting maintenance work of the pipeline is more urgent.
To achieve these goals, following technical scheme is employed in the present invention：
Such as Fig. 3, water inlet tube valve input running water is opened, uniform flow, the depth of water edge of uniform flow can be formed under normal circumstances
Journey is constant, and water surface curve is parallel with canal bottom, measures without water-head Δ H when blockinga；If there is deposit blocking, deposit influence pipe
Road current, reduce the discharge capacity of pipeline, block upstream because impeded drainage causes water level to rise, downstream water is drained rapidly
And water level decreasing, therefore water-head increases, and measures the water-head Δ H for blocking pipelineb.Therefore, the change feelings according to water-head are utilized
Condition, calculates water level with respect to change indicator K, probes into its relation with chocking-up degree inside pipeline.
When it is implemented, the present invention provides one kind using deposit inside said apparatus research pipeline to water-head (Δ H)
Change the method for influence, comprise the following steps：
(1) ultrasonic flowmeter is installed；
(2) regulation testing tube road pipe support height, record internal diameter of the pipeline, the position for monitoring water level point and height；
(3) barrier is put into, material, position and the size of the barrier is recorded；
(4) flow control valve and water inlet pipe control valve are first opened, starts reflux pump, on the premise of water intaking valve standard-sized sheet,
Gradually reduce Flow-rate adjustment valve opening, treat stable level 2~3 minutes, record now flow, blocking water levels of upstream and downstream；
(5) equal duplicate measurements three times is tested every time；
(6) closing volume pump and water inlet pipe control valve, take out tamper, residual ponding are drained；
(7) chocking-up degree is carried out every time to assess before experiment, be both needed to carry out the experiment of clear state under same case, note
Record the water level reading of meter readings and identical monitoring point；
(8) disposal data, pipeline alluvial index is calculated according to formula (5)
(9) above step is repeated, the influence of different chocking-up degrees, flow and the gradient to pipeline alluvial index is probed into.
Compared with the prior art in Fig. 1, the present invention has the advantage that：
1. constant current water tank of the prior art is made up of inner water tank and outer water tank, consumptive material is more, and cost is expensive, constant current in the present invention
Water tank is made up of interior case and water jacket, reduces volume, saves cost, and alleviate water tank weight；
2. experimental channel is to fix the gradient in the prior art, adjustable for height water tank and pipe support are with the addition of in the present invention, can
The situation of change of waterpower in the case of regulation test conduit slope, convenient research different gradient；
3. prior art is designed just for full-section pipe-flow, the present invention is applied to full-section pipe-flow and partly-filled pipe-flow state；
4. using graduated cylinder measurement of discharge in the prior art, precision is low, ultrasonic flowmeter is used in the present invention, precision is high and measures
It is convenient；
5. prior art is mainly used in studying the rule that pipeline linear loss and linear loss change with mean flow rate, this hair
Chocking-up degrees different inside the tamper simulation pipeline of different size are added in bright, for analyzing different chocking-up degree down tubes
The hydraulic characteristic(s) change in road.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, those skilled in the art know, do not departing from the essence of the present invention
In the case of refreshing and scope, various changes or equivalent substitution can be carried out to these features and embodiment.In addition, the present invention's
Under teaching, these features and embodiment can be modified to adapt to particular situation and material without departing from the present invention's
Spirit and scope.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, and the right for falling with the application will
Embodiment in the range of asking belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of experimental provision for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, it is characterised in that including：Cistern, constant current water tank, test
Pipeline, water tank；
The cistern is by reflux pump to the constant current cistern water supply, and the water in the constant current water tank is with default constant flow rate
The water inlet of the test pipeline is flowed into, the delivery port of the test pipeline is connected with the water tank；
The test pipeline is provided with several water level monitoring vertical tubes, and the water level monitoring vertical tube is installed on by three-way connector
On the test pipeline；
The gradient for testing pipeline is adjustable, and the barrier for being used for simulating drainpipe alluvial situation is provided with the test pipeline.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the constant current water tank includes interior case, water jacket, water inlet pipe, overflow
Water pipe, constant current delivery port；
The interior case is provided with steady flow baffle between the constant current delivery port and water inlet pipe, and the water jacket is located on the interior case
On outer wall, the Single port of the overflow pipe is connected with the water jacket, and another port is connected to the cistern；
Water in the cistern is introduced the interior case, the inflow of the water inlet pipe by the reflux pump by the water inlet pipe
Water yield more than the constant current delivery port causes the water that the water in the interior case is spilled in the water jacket, the water jacket to pass through
The overflow pipe flows into the cistern.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the constant current water tank also includes adjustable for height support bottom
Seat.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including an adjustable pipe support, the test pipeline is installed on institute
State on adjustable pipe support, the adjustable pipe support is used to support the test pipeline, and sets the gradient of the test pipeline.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water tank is connected with the cistern by a return duct
Logical, the return duct is additionally provided with for preventing water from flowing to the check valve of water tank from the cistern, and is turned on and off institute
State the return valve of return duct.
6. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the constant current water tank is connected by flexible pipe and horizontal connection tube
To the water inlet of the test pipeline；The horizontal connection tube is provided with flow control valve and flowmeter；
Water in the constant current water tank flows into after the flexible pipe water inlet for entering the test pipeline by the horizontal connection tube
Mouthful.
7. a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic, it is characterised in that including：
Step A, obtains current drainage pipeline parameter, and the drainage pipeline parameter includes the ttom of pipe slope of drainage pipeline to be analyzed
Degree, and/or water inlet flow velocity, and/or Obstacle Position, and/or barrier specification, and determine that first monitors position and second
Monitor first hydraulic gradient i of the position in the case where being not provided with barrier stateaWith the second waterpower slope being provided with barrier state
Spend ib；
Step B, determines that the pipeline for evaluating current drainage pipeline becomes silted up according to first hydraulic gradient and the second hydraulic gradient
Product indexSingle experiment array is obtained, the single experiment array includes pipeline alluvial index K and its corresponding row
Waterpipe parameter；
Step C, changes the drainage pipeline parameter, and repeating said steps A to step B obtains the single experiment of predetermined number
After array, the alluvial characteristic curve of drainage pipeline is built according to the single experiment array of predetermined number.
8. a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described in step A
The the first hydraulic gradient i of first monitoring position and the second monitoring position in the case where being not provided with barrier stateaBe provided with barrier
The second hydraulic gradient i under statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, obtains the first water for monitoring position and the second monitoring position
Position, and then obtain the first water-head Δ H being not provided with barrier statea=Ha1-Ha2, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradientWherein, Ha1For the water level of the first monitoring position, Ha2For second monitoring position water level, L be first monitoring position and
The spacing of second monitoring position；
Placed obstacles in drainage pipeline to be analyzed between the described first monitoring position and the second monitoring position in the state of thing,
The water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the second water level being provided with barrier state
Poor Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For the water level of the first monitoring position, Hb2For
The water level of two monitoring positions, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
9. a kind of method for analyzing drainage pipeline alluvial characteristic according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described in step A
The the first hydraulic gradient i of first monitoring position and the second monitoring position in the case where being not provided with barrier stateaBe provided with barrier
The second hydraulic gradient i under statebDetermination method be specially：
It is not provided with drainage pipeline to be analyzed under barrier state, the first monitoring position and second monitors the first of position
Hydraulic gradient is equal to the ttom of pipe gradient of the drainage pipeline to be analyzed, so that it is determined that the first hydraulic gradient ia=ia', wherein, ia’
For the ttom of pipe gradient of the drainage pipeline；
Placed obstacles in drainage pipeline to be analyzed between the described first monitoring position and the second monitoring position in the state of thing,
The water level of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is obtained, and then obtains the second water level being provided with barrier state
Poor Δ Hb=Hb1-Hb2, so that it is determined that the second hydraulic gradientWherein, Hb1For the water level of the first monitoring position, Hb2For
The water level of two monitoring positions, L is the spacing of the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position.
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| CN105699109A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆大学 | Pipeline water power anti-flushing feature testing method and device employing the same |
| CN105910947A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-31 | 重庆大学 | Test method of silt siltation characteristic of pipeline |
| CN105699048B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2018-11-06 | 株洲中车奇宏散热技术有限公司 | A kind of water-filled radiator flow resistance test device and method |
| CN107831796A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 武汉圣禹排水系统有限公司 | A kind of device and the flow control methods based on the device and anti-down irrigation method on pipeline |
| CN108151791B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2023-09-19 | 上海水顿智能科技有限公司 | Method for analyzing pipeline fouling distribution |
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| CN110580840A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-17 | 华东师范大学 | multifunctional continuous projectile motion experiment instrument |
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| CN2175955Y (en) * | 1993-12-04 | 1994-08-31 | 清华大学 | Multi-function mini-size hydraulic power testing instrument |
| US6311546B1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2001-11-06 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Biofouling monitor and methods to monitor or detect biofouling |
| CN2793847Y (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-07-05 | 清华大学 | Small fluid mechanical multifunctional experimental device with high water head |
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| CN100587441C (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-02-03 | 四川大学 | Polyphase fluid experimental tank system |
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