CN107831796A - A kind of device and the flow control methods based on the device and anti-down irrigation method on pipeline - Google Patents
A kind of device and the flow control methods based on the device and anti-down irrigation method on pipeline Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于流量控制和排水技术领域，具体涉及一种用于管路上的装置及基于该装置的流量控制方法和防倒灌方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of flow control and drainage, and in particular relates to a device used on pipelines, a flow control method and an anti-backflow method based on the device.
背景技术Background technique
流量是指单位时间内通过某一截面的物料数量，即瞬时流量。在现代工业生产过程中，流量是重要的过程参数之一，是衡量设备的效率和经济性的重要指标，是生产操作和控制的依据，因为在大多数工业生产中，常用测量和控制流量来确定物料的配比与耗量，实现生产过程自动化和最优化控制；同时为了进行经济核算，也必须知道流过的介质总量。所以，流量的测量与控制是实现工业生产过程的一项重要任务。The flow rate refers to the amount of material passing through a certain section per unit time, that is, the instantaneous flow rate. In the modern industrial production process, the flow rate is one of the important process parameters, an important index to measure the efficiency and economy of the equipment, and the basis for production operation and control, because in most industrial production, the flow rate is commonly used to measure and control Determine the ratio and consumption of materials to realize the automation and optimal control of the production process; at the same time, in order to perform economic calculations, it is also necessary to know the total amount of media flowing through. Therefore, the measurement and control of flow is an important task to realize the industrial production process.
流量测量方法和仪表的种类繁多，分类方法也很多，而且针对不同的应用领域，对于所使用的流量测量方法和仪表的要求也不同，即每种流量测量方法和仪表都具有特定的适用性，也都有它的局限性。There are many types of flow measurement methods and instruments, and there are many classification methods, and for different application fields, the requirements for the flow measurement methods and instruments used are also different, that is, each flow measurement method and instrument has specific applicability. It also has its limitations.
在我国的城市排水工程中的进水和/或出水管路系统中，对于污水流量的控制成为一个重要的研究领域，通过对管路系统中污水流量的控制，随时调控管路系统中的各个阀门及相关组件，实现水体的顺畅排放，避免因雨水过量而排放不及时导致的各种洪涝灾害。In the water inlet and/or outlet pipeline systems of urban drainage projects in my country, the control of sewage flow has become an important research field. Valves and related components realize the smooth discharge of water bodies and avoid various floods caused by excessive rainwater and untimely discharge.
目前的管路系统中，常用的流量控制器为在管路中安装各类流量计，但是其面对如此复杂庞大的管路系统，需要安装的流量计的数量势必也不少，而且多数流量计的结构复杂，体积庞大，安装和调试比较复杂，而且难以维修；大部分仪器仪表只是用于洁净的单相液体，并不适用于管路系统中常见的污水和雨水，可能还有一些固体悬浮物等；多数的管路系统中对于流量的控制不需要特别精确，若使用对精度要求较为严格的流量计，也必然造成采购价格高，投资较大，运行和维护费用较高等多种问题的出现。In the current pipeline system, the commonly used flow controller is to install various flowmeters in the pipeline, but in the face of such a complex and huge pipeline system, the number of flowmeters to be installed is bound to be quite a lot, and most of the flow The structure of the meter is complicated, the volume is huge, the installation and debugging are more complicated, and it is difficult to maintain; most of the instruments are only used for clean single-phase liquids, and are not suitable for common sewage and rainwater in the pipeline system, and there may be some solids Suspended matter, etc.; in most pipeline systems, the flow control does not need to be particularly precise. If a flow meter with stricter accuracy requirements is used, it will inevitably cause various problems such as high purchase price, large investment, and high operation and maintenance costs. the emergence of.
再有，现有的流量控制装置的适用面较窄，一般仅能作为流量控制使用，开发具有更多功能的流量控制装置是现有排水系统急需的。Furthermore, the existing flow control devices have a relatively narrow application area, and generally can only be used for flow control. The development of a flow control device with more functions is urgently needed in the existing drainage system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了改善现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种用于管路上的装置及基于该装置的流量控制方法和防倒灌方法，所述装置可以用于测量流经所述管路的流量，所述装置还可以用于防倒灌，巧妙地将流量控制和防倒灌结合在一个设备中，非常适合现有的排水系统的需求；所述流量控制方法可以精确得到流经管路的流量，完全替代了流量计，其具有操作方便，成本低廉等优点。In order to improve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device used on pipelines and a flow control method and anti-backflow method based on the device. The device can be used to measure the flow flowing through the pipeline, so The device can also be used for anti-backflow, skillfully combining flow control and anti-backflow in one device, which is very suitable for the needs of the existing drainage system; the flow control method can accurately obtain the flow through the pipeline, completely replacing the The flow meter has the advantages of convenient operation and low cost.
本发明提供如下技术方案：The present invention provides following technical scheme:
一种用于管路上的装置，所述装置包括第一液位计、第二液位计以及安装在管路上的第一测量管、阀门和第二测量管；A device used on a pipeline, the device comprising a first liquid level gauge, a second liquid level gauge, a first measuring tube installed on the pipeline, a valve and a second measuring tube;
所述第一测量管与第二测量管设置于管路上，且均与所述管路连通；The first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged on the pipeline, and both communicate with the pipeline;
所述阀门位于所述第一测量管和第二测量管之间的管路上；The valve is located on the pipeline between the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube;
所述第一测量管位于所述阀门的入口侧，所述第二测量管位于所述阀门的出口侧；the first measuring tube is located on the inlet side of the valve and the second measuring tube is located on the outlet side of the valve;
所述第一液位计，用于检测所述第一测量管内的上游水体的液位高度；The first liquid level gauge is used to detect the liquid level of the upstream water body in the first measuring pipe;
所述第二液位计，用于检测所述第二测量管内的下游水体的液位高度。The second liquid level gauge is used to detect the liquid level of the downstream water body in the second measuring pipe.
根据本发明，所述第一测量管与第二测量管并行设置于所述管路上。According to the present invention, the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged in parallel on the pipeline.
根据本发明，所述装置还包括控制器，所述控制器分别与所述第一液位计、所述第二液位计和阀门信号连接，用于接收所述第一液位计和第二液位计监测的液位信号，并根据所述液位信号控制所述阀门的开度。According to the present invention, the device further includes a controller, the controller is respectively connected with the first liquid level gauge, the second liquid level gauge and the valve signal, and is used to receive the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge The second liquid level gauge monitors the liquid level signal, and controls the opening of the valve according to the liquid level signal.
根据本发明，所述第一液位计设置在第一测量管中，所述第二液位计设置在第二测量管中。According to the present invention, the first liquid level gauge is arranged in the first measuring tube, and the second liquid level gauge is arranged in the second measuring tube.
根据本发明，所述第一液位计和所述第二液位计的安装高度不低于0.5米。所述安装高度是指液位计到管路的垂直高度。According to the present invention, the installation height of the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge is not less than 0.5 meters. The installation height refers to the vertical height from the liquid level gauge to the pipeline.
根据本发明，所述第一测量管和所述第二测量管均垂直于所述管路设置。According to the present invention, both the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged perpendicular to the pipeline.
根据本发明，所述第一测量管和所述第二测量管与所述阀门之间的距离不大于10米。According to the present invention, the distance between the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube and the valve is not greater than 10 meters.
根据本发明，所述装置还包括一个井体，所述阀门设置于井体中，便于操作和维修。According to the present invention, the device further includes a well body, and the valve is arranged in the well body for easy operation and maintenance.
根据本发明，所述第一测量管可以位于井体中，也可以位于井体上游端，优选位于井体中，便于操作和维修。According to the present invention, the first measuring tube can be located in the well body, or at the upstream end of the well body, preferably in the well body, for easy operation and maintenance.
根据本发明，所述第二测量管可以位于井体中，也可以位于井体下游端，优选位于井体中，便于操作和维修。According to the present invention, the second measuring pipe can be located in the well body, or at the downstream end of the well body, preferably in the well body, so as to facilitate operation and maintenance.
根据本发明，所述阀门选自闸阀、球阀、蝶阀、菱形阀、V形阀、橡胶瓣截流止回阀中的至少一种。According to the present invention, the valve is selected from at least one of gate valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, rhombic valves, V-shaped valves, and rubber flap stop check valves.
根据本发明，所述阀门的驱动方式可采用电动、液动或气动。According to the present invention, the drive mode of the valve can be electric, hydraulic or pneumatic.
本发明还提供一种管路系统，所述管路系统包括上述的用于管路中的装置。The present invention also provides a pipeline system, which includes the above-mentioned device for use in pipelines.
根据本发明，所述管路系统还包括管路，即安装所述第一测量管、第二测量管及阀门的管路。According to the present invention, the pipeline system further includes a pipeline, that is, a pipeline for installing the first measuring tube, the second measuring tube and the valve.
本发明还提供上述装置的用途，其用于管路上的防倒灌。The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned device, which is used for preventing backflow on pipelines.
优选地，用于截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, it is used to prevent backflow on the interception pipe.
优选地，用于分流井中截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, it is used to prevent backflow on the sewage interception pipe in the diversion well.
本发明还提供上述装置的用途，其用于管路上的流量控制。The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned device, which is used for flow control on pipelines.
优选地，用于截污管上的流量控制。Preferably, for flow control on interceptors.
优选地，用于分流井中截污管上的流量控制。Preferably, for flow control on interceptors in split wells.
本发明还提供一种用于管路上的双液位流量控制方法，所述方法是基于上述的用于管路上的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a dual liquid level flow control method used on pipelines, said method is based on the above-mentioned device used on pipelines, and said method includes the following steps:
1)监测上游水体的液位高度H1和下游水体的液位高度H2；1) monitoring the liquid level height H 1 of the upstream water body and the liquid level height H 2 of the downstream water body;
2)确定上游水体和下游水体的液位差(H1-H2)及阀门开度S与流经管路的流量Q的关系式如下：2) Determine the relationship between the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) between the upstream water body and the downstream water body and the valve opening S and the flow Q flowing through the pipeline as follows:
式中，In the formula,
S——阀门开度(阀门中的过水面积)(m2)；S——Valve opening (water passing area in the valve) (m 2 );
H1——第一液位计监测的上游水体的液位高度(m)；H 1 ——the liquid level height of the upstream water body monitored by the first liquid level gauge (m);
H2——第二液位计监测的下游水体的液位高度(m)；H 2 ——the liquid level height of the downstream water body monitored by the second liquid level gauge (m);
σs——淹没系数；σ s —submergence coefficient;
g——重力加速度(m/s2)；g—gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 );
m——自由溢流的流量系数，与管道等边界条件有关；m—discharge coefficient of free overflow, which is related to boundary conditions such as pipelines;
σc——侧收缩系数，反映由于管道的横向收缩，减小有效的过流宽度和增加的局部能量损失对泄流能力的影响；σ c —coefficient of lateral contraction, reflecting the influence of reduced effective flow width and increased local energy loss on the discharge capacity due to lateral contraction of the pipe;
μ——管道自由出流的流量系数，反映管道与阀门的相对开度对泄流量的影响；μ——The flow coefficient of the free flow of the pipeline, reflecting the influence of the relative opening of the pipeline and the valve on the discharge flow;
3)基于监测的上游水体和下游水体的液位差以及所述关系式，通过调节阀门开度来实现流经管路的流量的控制。3) Based on the monitored liquid level difference between the upstream water body and the downstream water body and the relational expression, control the flow through the pipeline by adjusting the opening of the valve.
根据本发明，所述关系式中，σs为淹没系数，与液位差(H1-H2)有关，可以直接查表得到。According to the present invention, in the relational formula, σ s is the submergence coefficient, which is related to the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ), and can be directly obtained by looking up a table.
根据本发明，所述关系式中，K为集合系数，当液位差(H1-H2)确定后，K也为确定的值。According to the present invention, in the relational formula, K is a set coefficient, and when the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) is determined, K is also a determined value.
根据本发明，所述关系式中，所述参数通过查表确定相关系数，并在使用时根据实际情况进行修正；或者，根据实际的测量值，直接利用关系式中比例关系来确定相关系数的集合系数K，例如当前后液位差确定时，σs即可查表获得；土建基础结构和尺寸、设备安装尺寸和位置一定时，K即为定值；因此，通过监测第一液位计和第二液位计的液位差(H1-H2)及阀门开度S，即可计算出流经管路的流量Q。According to the present invention, in the relational formula, the parameters are determined by looking up the table to determine the correlation coefficient, and corrected according to the actual situation during use; or, according to the actual measured value, directly use the relational formula The set coefficient K of the correlation coefficient is determined by the medium proportional relationship. For example, when the liquid level difference between the front and rear is determined, σ s can be obtained by looking up the table; when the civil foundation structure and size, equipment installation size and location are fixed, K is a fixed value; therefore , by monitoring the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) of the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge and the valve opening S, the flow Q flowing through the pipeline can be calculated.
根据本发明，所述双液位流量控制方法用于管路的流量控制。According to the present invention, the dual liquid level flow control method is used for pipeline flow control.
根据本发明，所述双液位流量控制方法用于截污管的流量控制。According to the present invention, the double liquid level flow control method is used for the flow control of the interceptor pipe.
根据本发明，所述双液位流量控制方法用于分流井中截污管的流量控制。According to the present invention, the double liquid level flow control method is used for the flow control of the sewage interceptor in the diversion well.
根据本发明，所述双液位流量控制方法还包括如下步骤：According to the present invention, the double liquid level flow control method further includes the following steps:
根据与截污管相连的下游管道所能处理的最大流量或与截污管相连的下游污水处理厂所能处理的最大流量设定流量Q1；Set the flow rate Q1 according to the maximum flow that can be handled by the downstream pipeline connected to the sewage interceptor or the maximum flow that can be processed by the downstream sewage treatment plant connected with the sewage interceptor;
a)晴天时，流经截污管的流量低于设定流量Q1时，阀门处于全开状态，旱流污水全部流入截污管中；a) On sunny days, when the flow through the intercepting pipe is lower than the set flow rate Q1, the valve is fully open, and all the dry sewage flows into the intercepting pipe;
b)雨天时，判断此时降雨是初期雨水或是中后期雨水；若是初期雨水，执行下述步骤b-1)；若是中后期雨水，执行下述步骤b-2)；b) In rainy days, judge whether the rainfall at this time is the initial rainwater or the middle and late rainwater; if it is the initial rainwater, perform the following step b-1); if it is the middle and late rainwater, perform the following step b-2);
b-1)初期雨水时，当流经截污管的流量低于设定流量Q1时，阀门处于全开状态；b-1) During the initial rain, when the flow through the intercepting pipe is lower than the set flow Q1, the valve is fully open;
当流经截污管的流量高于设定流量Q1时，调节阀门的开度，实现流入截污管中水体的精确控制；When the flow through the sewage intercepting pipe is higher than the set flow Q1, adjust the opening of the valve to realize precise control of the water flowing into the sewage intercepting pipe;
b-2)中后期雨水时，阀门处于全关状态，水体全部流入自然水体中。b-2) When it rains in the middle and late stages, the valve is fully closed, and all the water flows into the natural water body.
本发明中，所述的初期雨水是指含有大量污染物，水质没有达到排放标准的水体，一般为开始下雨时到下雨持续5-30min内的雨水；所述的中后期雨水是指水质达到排放标准的水体。Among the present invention, described initial stage rainwater refers to the water body that contains a large amount of pollutants, and water quality does not reach discharge standard, is generally the rainwater that continues within 5-30min when raining begins to rain; Described middle and late stage rainwater refers to water quality Water bodies that meet discharge standards.
本发明还提供一种防倒灌的方法，所述方法是基于上述的用于管路上的装置；所述防倒灌方法包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for preventing backflow, which is based on the above-mentioned device used on pipelines; the method for preventing backflow includes the following steps:
1)通过第一液位计和第二液位计分别监测阀门入口侧和出口侧的水体液位值，分别记为H1和H2；1) Monitor the water level values at the inlet side and the outlet side of the valve respectively by the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge, which are denoted as H1 and H2 respectively;
2)通过第一液位计监测的水体液位值H1和第二液位计监测的水体液位值H2的大小进行判断：2) Judging by the water body liquid level value H1 monitored by the first liquid level gauge and the water body liquid level value H2 monitored by the second liquid level gauge:
当H1-H2大于零或H2-H1小于零时，阀门处于全开状态，阀门入口侧的水体流向阀门出口侧；When H 1 -H 2 is greater than zero or H 2 -H 1 is less than zero, the valve is fully open, and the water on the inlet side of the valve flows to the outlet side of the valve;
当H1-H2等于零或H2-H1等于零时，调节阀门的开度至H1-H2大于零或H2-H1等于零，避免阀门出口侧的水体发生倒灌；以及，When H 1 -H 2 is equal to zero or H 2 -H 1 is equal to zero, adjust the opening of the valve until H 1 -H 2 is greater than zero or H 2 -H 1 is equal to zero, so as to avoid backflow of water on the outlet side of the valve; and,
当H1-H2小于零或H2-H1大于零时，阀门处于全关状态，避免阀门出口侧的水体发生倒灌。When H 1 -H 2 is less than zero or H 2 -H 1 is greater than zero, the valve is in a fully closed state to avoid backflow of water on the outlet side of the valve.
优选地，所述方法是用于截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, the method is used for preventing backflow on the interception pipe.
优选地，所述方法是用于分流井中截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, the method is used for preventing backflow on the interceptor pipe in the diversion well.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)本发明的用于管路上的装置可以实现管路流量的控制，还可以实现管路防倒灌的监控，其可以整套配置并进行预制，其结构简单，节省建设和设备成本，也大大降低劳动力的投入。(1) The device used on the pipeline of the present invention can realize the control of pipeline flow, and can also realize the monitoring of pipeline anti-backflow. It can be configured as a whole and prefabricated. Its structure is simple, saving construction and equipment costs, and greatly Reduce labor input.
(2)本发明的用于管路上的装置还可以实现远程控制和监测，通过实时监测上游水体和下游水体的液位差来控制阀门的开合大小，可实现双液位流量控制或者防倒灌。(2) The device used on the pipeline of the present invention can also realize remote control and monitoring, and control the opening and closing of the valve by monitoring the liquid level difference between the upstream water body and the downstream water body in real time, so as to realize double liquid level flow control or anti-backflow .
(3)本发明的用于管路上的双液位流量控制是基于在管路中并行设置的第一测量管和第二测量管及安装于其中的第一液位计和第二液位计，通过第一液位计监测的上游水体液位和第二液位计监测的下游水体液位的液位差计算得出流经该管路的流量，而不需要再使用流量计即可实现水体的流量监测。(3) The dual liquid level flow control used in the pipeline of the present invention is based on the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube arranged in parallel in the pipeline and the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge installed therein , the flow through the pipeline can be calculated by calculating the liquid level difference between the upstream water level monitored by the first liquid level gauge and the downstream water level monitored by the second liquid level gauge, which can be realized without using a flowmeter Flow monitoring of water bodies.
(4)本发明的用于管路上的双液位流量控制方法简单、易于操作，还可以实现远程控制和监测，通过实时监测双液位的液位差来控制流量控制阀门的开合大小，实现对管路中水体的控制。(4) The double liquid level flow control method used on the pipeline of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and can also realize remote control and monitoring, and control the opening and closing of the flow control valve by monitoring the liquid level difference of the double liquid level in real time, Realize the control of the water body in the pipeline.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一个优选实施方式所述的装置的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of the device described in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
其中，1-上游管路、2-第一测量管、3-第一液位计、4-井体、5-第二液位计、6-第二测量管、7-下游管路、8-阀门。Among them, 1-upstream pipeline, 2-first measuring pipe, 3-first liquid level gauge, 4-well body, 5-second liquid level gauge, 6-second measuring pipe, 7-downstream pipeline, 8 -valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外，应理解，在阅读了本发明所记载的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本发明所限定的范围。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种用于管路上的装置，所述装置包括第一液位计、第二液位计以及安装在管路上的第一测量管、阀门和第二测量管；As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a device used on the pipeline, the device includes a first liquid level gauge, a second liquid level gauge, a first measuring tube installed on the pipeline, a valve and a second measuring tube Tube;
所述第一测量管与第二测量管设置于管路上，且均与所述管路连通；The first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged on the pipeline, and both communicate with the pipeline;
所述阀门位于所述第一测量管和第二测量管之间的管路上；The valve is located on the pipeline between the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube;
所述第一测量管位于所述阀门的入口侧，所述第二测量管位于所述阀门的出口侧；the first measuring tube is located on the inlet side of the valve and the second measuring tube is located on the outlet side of the valve;
所述第一液位计，用于检测所述第一测量管内的上游水体的液位高度；The first liquid level gauge is used to detect the liquid level of the upstream water body in the first measuring pipe;
所述第二液位计，用于检测所述第二测量管内的下游水体的液位高度。The second liquid level gauge is used to detect the liquid level of the downstream water body in the second measuring pipe.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一测量管与第二测量管并行设置于所述管路上。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged in parallel on the pipeline.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述装置还包括控制器，所述控制器分别与所述第一液位计、所述第二液位计和阀门信号连接，用于接收所述第一液位计和第二液位计监测的液位信号，并根据所述液位信号控制所述阀门的开度。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a controller, the controller is respectively connected with the first liquid level gauge, the second liquid level gauge and the valve signal, and is used to receive the first liquid level gauge A liquid level gauge and a second liquid level gauge monitor the liquid level signal, and control the opening of the valve according to the liquid level signal.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一液位计设置在第一测量管中，所述第二液位计设置在第二测量管中。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first liquid level gauge is set in the first measuring tube, and the second liquid level gauge is set in the second measuring tube.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一液位计和所述第二液位计的安装高度不低于0.5米。所述安装高度是指液位计到管路的垂直高度。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the installation heights of the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge are not lower than 0.5 meters. The installation height refers to the vertical height from the liquid level gauge to the pipeline.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一测量管和所述第二测量管均垂直于所述管路设置。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are arranged perpendicular to the pipeline.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一测量管和所述第二测量管与所述阀门之间的距离不大于10米。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube and the valve is not greater than 10 meters.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述装置还包括一个井体，所述阀门设置于井体中，便于操作和维修。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a well body, and the valve is arranged in the well body for easy operation and maintenance.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第一测量管可以位于井体中，也可以位于井体上游端，优选位于井体中，便于操作和维修。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first measuring pipe can be located in the well body, or at the upstream end of the well body, preferably in the well body, so as to facilitate operation and maintenance.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述第二测量管可以位于井体中，也可以位于井体下游端，优选位于井体中，便于操作和维修。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second measuring pipe can be located in the well body, or at the downstream end of the well body, preferably in the well body, for easy operation and maintenance.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述阀门选自闸阀、球阀、蝶阀、菱形阀、V形阀、橡胶瓣截流止回阀中的至少一种。所述阀门的驱动方式可采用电动、液动或气动。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve is at least one selected from gate valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, rhombic valves, V-shaped valves, and rubber flap stop check valves. The drive mode of the valve can be electric, hydraulic or pneumatic.
本实施例所述的装置可以用于管路上的防倒灌。优选地，用于截污管上的防倒灌。还优选地，用于分流井中截污管上的防倒灌。The device described in this embodiment can be used to prevent backflow on pipelines. Preferably, it is used to prevent backflow on the interception pipe. Also preferably, it is used to prevent backflow on the interception pipe in the diversion well.
本实施例所述的装置可以用于管路上的流量控制。优选地，用于截污管上的流量控制。还优选地，用于分流井中截污管上的流量控制。The device described in this embodiment can be used for flow control on pipelines. Preferably, for flow control on interceptors. Also preferably, for flow control on interceptors in diverter wells.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例提供一种管路系统，所述管路系统包括实施例1所述的用于管路中的装置。This embodiment provides a piping system, which includes the device used in the piping described in Embodiment 1.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述管路系统还包括管路，即安装所述第一测量管、第二测量管及阀门的管路。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline system further includes a pipeline, that is, a pipeline for installing the first measuring tube, the second measuring tube and the valve.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例提供一种用于管路上的双液位流量控制方法，所述方法是基于实施例1所述的用于管路上的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：This embodiment provides a dual-level flow control method for pipelines. The method is based on the device for pipelines described in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps:
1)监测上游水体的液位高度H1和下游水体的液位高度H2；1) monitoring the liquid level height H 1 of the upstream water body and the liquid level height H 2 of the downstream water body;
2)确定上游水体和下游水体的液位差(H1-H2)及阀门开度S与流经管路的流量Q的关系式如下：2) Determine the relationship between the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) between the upstream water body and the downstream water body and the valve opening S and the flow Q flowing through the pipeline as follows:
式中，In the formula,
S——阀门开度(阀门中的过水面积)(m2)；S——Valve opening (water passing area in the valve) (m 2 );
H1——第一液位计监测的上游水体的液位高度(m)；H 1 ——the liquid level height of the upstream water body monitored by the first liquid level gauge (m);
H2——第二液位计监测的下游水体的液位高度(m)；H 2 ——the liquid level height of the downstream water body monitored by the second liquid level gauge (m);
σs——淹没系数；σ s —submergence coefficient;
g——重力加速度(m/s2)；g—gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 );
m——自由溢流的流量系数，与管道等边界条件有关；m—discharge coefficient of free overflow, which is related to boundary conditions such as pipelines;
σc——侧收缩系数，反映由于管道的横向收缩，减小有效的过流宽度和增加的局部能量损失对泄流能力的影响；σ c —coefficient of lateral contraction, reflecting the influence of reduced effective flow width and increased local energy loss on the discharge capacity due to lateral contraction of the pipe;
μ——管道自由出流的流量系数，反映管道与阀门的相对开度对泄流量的影响；μ——The flow coefficient of the free flow of the pipeline, reflecting the influence of the relative opening of the pipeline and the valve on the discharge flow;
3)基于监测的上游水体和下游水体的液位差以及所述关系式，通过调节阀门开度来实现流经管路的流量的控制。3) Based on the monitored liquid level difference between the upstream water body and the downstream water body and the relational expression, control the flow through the pipeline by adjusting the opening of the valve.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述关系式中，σs为淹没系数，与液位差(H1-H2)有关，可以直接查表得到。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the relational formula, σ s is the submergence coefficient, which is related to the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ), and can be directly obtained by looking up a table.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述关系式中，K为集合系数，当液位差(H1-H2)确定后，K也为确定的值。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the relational formula, K is a set coefficient, and when the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) is determined, K is also a determined value.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述关系式中，所述参数通过查表确定相关系数，并在使用时根据实际情况进行修正；或者，根据实际的测量值，直接利用关系式中比例关系来确定相关系数的集合系数K，例如当前后液位差确定时，σs即可查表获得；土建基础结构和尺寸、设备安装尺寸和位置一定时，K即为定值；因此，通过监测第一液位计和第二液位计的液位差(H1-H2)及阀门开度S，即可计算出流经管路的流量Q。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the relational formula, the parameters are determined by looking up the table to determine the correlation coefficient, and corrected according to the actual situation during use; or, according to the actual measured value, directly use the relational formula The set coefficient K of the correlation coefficient is determined by the medium proportional relationship. For example, when the liquid level difference between the front and rear is determined, σ s can be obtained by looking up the table; when the civil foundation structure and size, equipment installation size and location are fixed, K is a fixed value; therefore , by monitoring the liquid level difference (H 1 -H 2 ) of the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge and the valve opening S, the flow Q flowing through the pipeline can be calculated.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述双液位流量控制方法用于管路的流量控制。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dual-level flow control method is used for pipeline flow control.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述双液位流量控制方法用于截污管的流量控制。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dual-level flow control method is used for flow control of the interceptor.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，所述双液位流量控制方法用于分流井中截污管的流量控制。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dual-level flow control method is used for flow control of the interceptor in the diversion well.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例还提供一种双液位流量控制方法，所述双液位流量控制方法还包括如下步骤：This embodiment also provides a dual liquid level flow control method, and the dual liquid level flow control method further includes the following steps:
根据与截污管相连的下游管道所能处理的最大流量或与截污管相连的下游污水处理厂所能处理的最大流量设定流量Q1；Set the flow rate Q1 according to the maximum flow that can be handled by the downstream pipeline connected to the sewage interceptor or the maximum flow that can be processed by the downstream sewage treatment plant connected with the sewage interceptor;
a)晴天时，流经截污管的流量低于设定流量Q1时，阀门处于全开状态，旱流污水全部流入截污管中；a) On sunny days, when the flow through the intercepting pipe is lower than the set flow rate Q1, the valve is fully open, and all the dry sewage flows into the intercepting pipe;
b)雨天时，判断此时降雨是初期雨水或是中后期雨水；若是初期雨水，执行下述步骤b-1)；若是中后期雨水，执行下述步骤b-2)；b) In rainy days, judge whether the rainfall at this time is the initial rainwater or the middle and late rainwater; if it is the initial rainwater, perform the following step b-1); if it is the middle and late rainwater, perform the following step b-2);
b-1)初期雨水时，当流经截污管的流量低于设定流量Q1时，阀门处于全开状态；b-1) During the initial rain, when the flow through the intercepting pipe is lower than the set flow Q1, the valve is fully open;
当流经截污管的流量高于设定流量Q1时，调节阀门的开度，实现流入截污管中水体的精确控制；When the flow through the sewage intercepting pipe is higher than the set flow Q1, adjust the opening of the valve to realize precise control of the water flowing into the sewage intercepting pipe;
b-2)中后期雨水时，阀门处于全关状态，水体全部流入自然水体中。b-2) When it rains in the middle and late stages, the valve is fully closed, and all the water flows into the natural water body.
本发明中，所述的初期雨水是指含有大量污染物，水质没有达到排放标准的水体，一般为开始下雨时到下雨持续5-30min内的雨水；所述的中后期雨水是指水质达到排放标准的水体。Among the present invention, described initial stage rainwater refers to the water body that contains a large amount of pollutants, and water quality does not reach discharge standard, is generally the rainwater that continues within 5-30min when raining begins to rain; Described middle and late stage rainwater refers to water quality Water bodies that meet discharge standards.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例提供一种防倒灌的方法，所述方法是基于实施例1所述的用于管路上的装置；所述防倒灌方法包括如下步骤：This embodiment provides a method for preventing backflow, which is based on the device used on the pipeline described in Embodiment 1; the method for preventing backflow includes the following steps:
1)通过第一液位计和第二液位计分别监测阀门入口侧和出口侧的水体液位值，分别记为H1和H2；1) Monitor the water level values at the inlet side and the outlet side of the valve respectively by the first liquid level gauge and the second liquid level gauge, which are denoted as H1 and H2 respectively;
2)通过第一液位计监测的水体液位值H1和第二液位计监测的水体液位值H2的大小进行判断：2) Judging by the water body liquid level value H1 monitored by the first liquid level gauge and the water body liquid level value H2 monitored by the second liquid level gauge:
当H1-H2大于零或H2-H1小于零时，阀门处于全开状态，阀门入口侧的水体流向阀门出口侧；When H 1 -H 2 is greater than zero or H 2 -H 1 is less than zero, the valve is fully open, and the water on the inlet side of the valve flows to the outlet side of the valve;
当H1-H2等于零或H2-H1等于零时，调节阀门的开度至H1-H2大于零或H2-H1等于零，避免阀门出口侧的水体发生倒灌；以及，When H 1 -H 2 is equal to zero or H 2 -H 1 is equal to zero, adjust the opening of the valve until H 1 -H 2 is greater than zero or H 2 -H 1 is equal to zero, so as to avoid backflow of water on the outlet side of the valve; and,
当H1-H2小于零或H2-H1大于零时，阀门处于全关状态，避免阀门出口侧的水体发生倒灌。When H 1 -H 2 is less than zero or H 2 -H 1 is greater than zero, the valve is in a fully closed state to avoid backflow of water on the outlet side of the valve.
优选地，所述方法是用于截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, the method is used for preventing backflow on the interception pipe.
优选地，所述方法是用于分流井中截污管上的防倒灌。Preferably, the method is used for preventing backflow on the interceptor pipe in the diversion well.
本发明中，在排水过程中，当下游管路的液位高度高于上游管路的液位高度时，水体会在该管路中发生倒灌现象，即下游水体涌入上游端，导致上游水体不能及时排走而发生内涝；而本发明是利用双液位的控制方法，在阀门的入口侧和出口侧分别安装液位计，通过液位计监测阀门的入口侧和出口侧的水位高度来判断流经该管路的水体是否会发生倒灌现象。当入口侧的水位高度高于出口侧的水位高度时，水体依靠重力作用，向出口侧排走；当入口侧的水位高度低于出口侧的水位高度时，水体依靠重力作用，向入口侧排走，此时需要及时关闭阀门，有效防止出现下游水体的倒灌现象。In the present invention, during the drainage process, when the liquid level of the downstream pipeline is higher than the liquid level of the upstream pipeline, the water body will flow backward in the pipeline, that is, the downstream water body will rush into the upstream end, causing the upstream water body to Waterlogging can not be drained away in time; and the present invention uses a double liquid level control method to install liquid level gauges on the inlet side and outlet side of the valve respectively, and monitor the water level heights on the inlet side and outlet side of the valve through the liquid level gauges. Determine whether the water body flowing through the pipeline will be flooded backwards. When the water level on the inlet side is higher than the water level on the outlet side, the water is drained to the outlet side by gravity; when the water level on the inlet side is lower than the water level on the outlet side, the water is drained to the inlet side by gravity At this time, it is necessary to close the valve in time to effectively prevent the backflow of downstream water bodies.
以上，对本发明的实施方式进行了说明。但是，本发明不限定于上述实施方式。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN105888046A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉圣禹排水系统有限公司 | Novel anti-backflow intercepting well control method |
| CN206157857U (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽汉威环境科技有限公司 | Intelligence hydraulic pressure intercepting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109339189A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉圣禹排水系统有限公司 | A kind of sewage pipe of shunting well and/or the reverse-filling method and system of first rain pipe |
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