CN100587441C - Polyphase fluid experimental tank system - Google Patents
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- CN100587441C CN100587441C CN200810147663A CN200810147663A CN100587441C CN 100587441 C CN100587441 C CN 100587441C CN 200810147663 A CN200810147663 A CN 200810147663A CN 200810147663 A CN200810147663 A CN 200810147663A CN 100587441 C CN100587441 C CN 100587441C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multiphase flow test flume system which comprises a main body, a clear water circulating system, a muddy water circulating system, a water inlet system, a control system anda water outlet switching system, wherein a support and a jack are arranged at the bottom of the main body and are fixed on the ground by supporting hinges for adjusting the width and the gradient ofa flume, and the water inlet system comprises a sampling discharge outlet, a manual valve, a flowmeter and an electromagnetic valve and is connected with the top end of the main body; the control system is arranged at one side of the top end of the main body for controlling all switches, and the water outlet switching system is arranged at one outer side end of a water outlet of the main body andis connected with a clear underground water pool in the clear water circulating system and a muddy underground water pool in the muddy water circulating system. Due to the clear water circulating system and the muddy water circulating system which are independent, the invention reduces test water consumption and test cost and conveniently recycles and treats polluted water samples, and a clear water / muddy water switching device of a water outlet system is easily designed and conveniently operated so as to effectively solve the switching problem among different circulating systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to research of hydraulics polyphasic flow and water environment protection technology, the polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the reservoir deposits density current problem in particularly a kind of Design of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Projects research.
Background technology
Polyphasic flow (Multiphase Flow) is meant that two-phase or two-phase are above immiscible or have the mixture of phase interface material, is the subject of research gaseous state, liquid state, solid matter mixed flow." phase " refers to the different physical properties or the mechanical state of different states of matters or same states of matter.At industrial sectors such as the energy, water conservancy, chemical industry, metallurgy, and field such as meteorology, biology, space flight all includes heterogeneous mobile problem.Along with the intensity of water resources development and utilization and the increasing of speed in recent years; and people are to the enhancing day by day of ecological environmental protection consciousness; many scholars are the research of density current at the liquid-liquid two-phase of the research of polyphasic flow, particularly different densities, become the focus of domestic and international Researches on Fluids gradually.
Density current is the fluid that two kinds of density are more or less the same, can mix mutually, the relative motion that takes place because of the difference of density.From the water conservancy field, particularly in the large-sized deep water storehouse that forms owing to hydroelectric development, flow rate of water flow is slower, when the clear water in flood season upstream sediment laden flow and the reservoir meets, because the former density is bigger than the latter, under specific hydrodynamics condition, sediment laden flow will slip into the clear water bottom to be continued to flow forward, forms the Turbid Density Flow that contains a large amount of silts.For example, Turbid Density Flow takes place in nineteen thirty-five U.S.'s Lake Mead retaining, and discharges the storehouse through bottom outlet, has then caused many scholars' concern.Flood season nineteen fifty-three, the husky side by side outbound of China's Guanting reservoir generation Turbid Density Flow, domestic so just carried out correlative study.In a word, the silt density current all has significant effects to reservoir life-span, shipping, generator operation, downstream river course water quality and flood control safety.
The two-phase flow of another kind of character is a temperature difference density current, and promptly the water body of different temperatures is owing to density difference causes buoyant flow.Because water body accumulation of heat effect causes water temperature lamination to occur, this temperature difference density current can produce material impact to treasuring hydrobiont, fish reproduction and crop irrigation behind the reservoir Cheng Ku; Generating plant cooling pond and industrial hot water emission belong to the research object of temperature difference density current.In addition, diffusion and degradation rule research, oil contamination control and pollutant early warning of deriving thus and the water supply security research etc. for waters internal contamination thing all are the focus and the difficult point problem of polyphasic flow research.
The generation of polyphasic flow and motion process have complicated hydrodynamics condition, only rely on its characteristics of motion of numerical simulation study and are difficult to provide credible result, therefore must verify in conjunction with relevant polyphase fluid experimental research.At present, study with regard to domestic and international representational polyphase fluid experimental tank, size is all less.The correlation test of external existing research estuary silt alluvial problem, but the main small scale mechanism test unit that adopts of test, the general length of experimental tank only is 4.8m, high 0.42m, and can not carry out the switching tests of clear water and muddy water.Because key elements such as reservoir density current problem and river topography, gradient are closely related, density current characteristics of motion complexity, the uncertain factor in the silt research is more in addition, therefore need carry out the above large-sized physical experiments research of 10m.Secondly, though domesticly carried out the density current correlative study earlier, the correlation test device mostly is to be finished the sixties, owing to be subjected to the restriction of prevailing condition and technical merit, tank mostly is wooden structure, and roughness is big and the flow field is unstable, and it is also backward relatively to test the measurement means simultaneously.And at large-sized, can realize automation experiment monitoring, the polyphasic flow research and design still is a blank in China, this task of the present invention just place.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention proposes a kind of novel polyphase fluid experimental tank system that reservoir deposits density current problem, pollutants transfer diffusion problem and hydraulic experiment demonstration are studied just at existing defective in the prior art.This polyphase fluid experimental tank system not only size is big, has improved the reliability and the accuracy of polyphasic flow research.And analyze, and then provide reliable basis for polyphasic flow research in conjunction with modernized measurement means.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme that the present invention's employing is made of following measure realizes.
Polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention comprises the tank main body, the clear water circulation system, the muddy water circulation system, tank water inlet system, control system and water delivering orifice switched system six major parts.Wherein, the tank bottom part body is provided with support and lifting jack and is fixed in ground with supporting hinges; Water inlet system by the first sampling emptying outlet and the second sampling emptying export, first-hand movable valve and second-hand's movable valve, first flow meter and second flowmeter and electromagnetic valve group form, the electromagnetic valve group is connected with tank main body top in the water inlet system; The clear water circulation system comprises clear water underground tank and clear water ground upper water box, and the clear water underground tank is connected with clear water ground upper water box by first water pump; The muddy water circulation system comprises muddy water underground tank and muddy water ground upper water box, and the muddy water underground tank is connected with muddy water ground upper water box by second water pump; The first flow meter that connects the electromagnetic valve group in the water inlet system is connected with first-hand movable valve, and first-hand movable valve connects the first sampling emptying outlet, and the first sampling emptying outlet is connected with clear water ground upper water box; Second flowmeter that connects the electromagnetic valve group in the water inlet system is connected with second-hand's movable valve, and second-hand's movable valve connects the second sampling emptying outlet; The second sampling emptying outlet is connected with muddy water ground upper water box; Control system is arranged on tank main body top tank water inlet oral-lateral; The tank water delivering orifice is connected in tank main body bottom, and the water delivering orifice switched system is positioned at outside the tank bottom part body, and is connected with the muddy water underground tank with the clear water underground tank.
In the technique scheme, the length of described tank main body is 20m, and width is variable at 15-40cm, and the gradient is at the adjustable glass flume that broadens, becomes the gradient of 0-4%.
In the technique scheme, the support of described tank bottom part body is adjustable telescope support, and described lifting jack is the air pressure lifting jack.
In the technique scheme, between the second sampling emptying outlet and second-hand's movable valve, be provided with the circulation flushing outlet in the described water inlet system.
In the technique scheme, the steel frame construction upper edge journey of described tank main body is provided with thief hole, and the glass wall of tank main body is convenient to observe.
In the technique scheme, the electromagnetic valve group in the described water inlet system is made up of five same solenoid.
In the technique scheme, described five solenoid valves are the different water inlets of five layers of layering of corresponding two row respectively, and by controlling the solenoid valve of five layers of layering water inlet of two row, water inlet system can be realized full section water inlet or independent layering water inlet.
In the technique scheme, five layers of layering water inlet of described two row are that each classifies five water inlets as, and each layer is two water inlets.
In the technique scheme, the volume of described muddy water underground tank is less than clear water underground tank volume, the muddy water underground tank can carry out the input of silt, salt solution, tracer agent or pollutant, and the muddy water underground tank carries out circulation flushing, can guarantee that silt and pollutant mix.
In the technique scheme, described tank water delivering orifice switched system comprises the slidably body structure of water tank, slide rail and filter screen formation, what it was connected with tank main body bottom is an adjustable for height telescopic connection delivery pipe, carries out switching between the different circulation systems by the slip water tank.
Tank control system of the present invention is integrated clear water water pump and muddy water pump switch, 20 solenoid control switches in the water inlet system, wherein, ten of clean water systems, ten of muddy water systems, two sampling emptying outlets electromagnetic valve switch and air pressure lifting jack switches, and the control that they are opened or closed.
Can install firing equipment in the muddy water underground tank of the present invention additional and simulate the motion of temperature difference density current.
Clear water is delivered to the clear water ground upper water box from the clear water underground tank by first water pump in the clear water underground tank of the present invention, and when the water yield surpassed the volume of water tank, the clear water automatic overflow returned in the underground clear water reserviors; Muddy water is delivered to the muddy water ground upper water box from the muddy water underground tank by second water pump in the described muddy water underground tank, muddy water flows back to underground muddy water pond by pipeline through the circulation flushing outlet in the muddy water ground upper water box simultaneously, is in cyclic process all the time with muddy water in the warranty test process.
Polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention in test water body flows out by the clear water circulation system and the muddy water circulation system respectively, water inlet system by tank control system control enters the tank main body, then flows out by the water delivering orifice switched system and gets back to the clear water circulation system and the muddy water circulation system.
Polyphasic flow flume test of the present invention system can satisfy the experimental study for density current and other liquid-liquid, liquid-solid polyphasic flow, comprises that the Environmental Water of water temperature density current, high salt concentration water multiphase and the multiple character fluid motion that is coupled is polluted correlative study.
Polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention can also cooperate particle imaging knotmeter (PIV), laser velocimeter (LDV), acoustic Doppler knotmeter (ADV) and digital image-forming equipment to constitute advanced measurement system, tank main body top is provided with slidably instrument stand simultaneously, places for the instrument of required usefulness in the measuring process.
The foundation of polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention can more in depth be studied the polyphasic flow problem and carry out water environment mechanism Journal of Sex Research, and the enforcement of this polyphase fluid experimental tank system has the Research Significance of important science using value and reality.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and good effect:
1. tank main body of the present invention adopts steel frame construction glass, provides interior stable flow field, the glass wall of stabilize water groove body structure and tank to be convenient to observation and to reduce the influence of wall stream field.
2. tank main body of the present invention is the needs that 20 meters tank length can satisfy polyphasic flow research, for the test of large scale form general model provides effective means.
3. tank main body of the present invention adopts degree of broadening, vapour-pressure type to become sloping system, has improved the applicability and the automaticity height of model, can singlely independently operate.
4. the steel frame construction of tank main body of the present invention is provided with thief hole along journey, be convenient to analyze, and the top is provided with instrument stand, for automatic measurement is provided convenience.
5. the independently clear water and the muddy water circulation system in the tank system of the present invention have reduced test water amount and experimentation cost, and pollution water sample also is convenient to recycle.
6. the muddy water circulation system can be washed stirring in the tank system of the present invention, and can increase the muddy water silt content at any time, and easy improved muddy water system can also carry out the input of heat treated and other materials.
7. five layers of water inlet two row of tank system of the present invention amount to the structural designs in ten holes, and section water inlet or independent layering are intake entirely, and flow of inlet water carries out synchronous recording by Venturi meter.
8. every hole water inlet all adopts solenoid valve to control in the tank system of the present invention, and is provided with sample cock, and control system is integrated in same control panel, and is easy for operation, and is provided with manually-operated gate as guarantee.
9. water delivering orifice adopts the connectedness discharging design that is connected telescopic with tank main body bottom, tank liquid level stabilizing in the warranty test process in the tank system of the present invention.
10. the simplicity of design of water delivering orifice switched system in the tank system of the present invention, and easy to operate, efficiently solve the switching device shifter problem between the different circulation systems of clear water with muddy water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 polyphase fluid experimental tank system one-piece construction of the present invention block diagram;
Fig. 2 polyphase fluid experimental tank system one-piece construction of the present invention synoptic diagram;
The structural representation of five layers of layering water inlet of two row of five solenoid valve difference correspondences in the water inlet system of Fig. 3 polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention; And sectional structure chart;
Tank agent structure synoptic diagram in Fig. 4 polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention;
Discharging muddy water view in the water delivering orifice switched system of Fig. 5 (a) polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention; Discharging clear water view in Fig. 5 (b) water delivering orifice switched system.
The implication of each code name in the accompanying drawing: 1 clear water underground tank; 2 muddy water underground tanks; 3 clear water ground upper water boxs; 4 muddy water ground upper water boxs; 5 first suction pumps; 6 second suction pumps; The outlet of 7 circulation flushings; 8 first sampling emptying outlets; 9 second sampling emptying outlets; 10 first-hand movable valves; 11 second-hand's movable valves; 12 first flow meters; 13 second flowmeters; 14 control system; 15 electromagnetic valve groups; 16 tank main bodys; 17 lifting jack; 18 flexible water delivering orifices; 19 water delivering orifice switched systems; 20 feed pipes; 21 solenoid valves; 22 baffle plates; 23 glass walls; 24 tank water inlets; 25 tank water delivering orifices; 26 steel constructions; 27 thief holes; 28 supports; 29 supporting hinges; 30 slip water tanks; 31 filter screens; 32 slide rails; The 33 clear water circulation systems; The 34 muddy water circulation systems.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not limited only to content related among the embodiment.
In Fig. 1 block diagram, the water body that the clear water circulation system 33 of polyphase fluid experimental tank system and the muddy water circulation system 34 flow out enters water inlet system, water body by the water inlet system of tank control system 14 control enters tank main body 16 again, and then the water body in the tank main body flows out by tank water delivering orifice switched system 19 and gets back to the clear water circulation system and the muddy water circulation system.
Among Fig. 2, tank main body 16 bottoms are provided with flexible support 27 and air pressure lifting jack 17, and they are fixed in ground; The tank water inlet system is made up of the first sampling emptying outlet, the 8 and second sampling emptying outlet 9, first-hand movable valve 10 and second-hand's movable valve 11, first flow meter 12 and second flowmeter 13 and electromagnetic valve group 15, and electromagnetic valve group 15 is connected with tank main body 16 tops in the tank water inlet system; The clear water circulation system 33 comprises clear water underground tank 1 and clear water ground upper water box 3, and the clear water underground tank is connected with clear water ground upper water box 3 by first water pump 5; The muddy water circulation system 34 comprises muddy water underground tank 2 and muddy water ground upper water box 4, and muddy water underground tank 2 is connected with muddy water ground upper water box 4 by second water pump 6; First flow meter 12 other ends that connect electromagnetic valve group 15 in the tank water inlet system connect first-hand movable valve 10, and first-hand movable valve is connected with the first sampling emptying outlet 8 again, and the first sampling emptying outlet is connected with clear water ground upper water box 3 by feed pipe 20; Equally, second flowmeter, 13 other ends that connect electromagnetic valve group 15 in the tank water inlet system connect second-hand's movable valve 11, second-hand's movable valve is connected with the second sampling emptying outlet 9 again, and the second sampling emptying outlet is connected with muddy water ground upper water box 4 by feed pipe 20; Tank control system 14 is arranged on tank water inlet 24 sides on tank main body 16 tops; Tank water delivering orifice 25 is connected in tank main body bottom, and tank water delivering orifice switched system 19 is positioned at outside tank main body 16 bottoms, and is connected with muddy water underground tank 2 with clear water underground tank 1.Among this figure, the front is water body flow direction in the experiment.
Among Fig. 3, the electromagnetic valve group 15 that connects the first flow meter 12 and second flowmeter 13 in the tank water inlet system is made up of five same solenoid 21, five layers of layering water inlet of two row are arranged on tank water inlet oral-lateral, every row are provided with five water inlets, every layer is provided with two water inlets, and every layer of water inlet separates with baffle plate 22.
Among Fig. 4, steel construction 26 housings of tank main body 16 connect telescope support 28, supporting hinges 29 is used for support fixation tank main body, tank main body top and bottom are provided with tank water inlet 24 and tank water delivering orifice 25 respectively, the steel construction 26 of tank main body is provided with some thief holes 27, and the glass wall 23 of tank main body is convenient to observe.
Among Fig. 5 (a), discharging muddy water state, slip water tank 30 in the tank water delivering orifice switched system 19 on the slide rail 32 makes the water tank floss hole aim at the muddy water underground tank, and muddy water enters from scalable water delivering orifice 18, by entering the muddy water circulation system 34 behind the filter screen 31 filtration fraction silts.
Among Fig. 5 (b), discharging clear water state, slip water tank 30 is to making the water tank floss hole aim at the clear water underground tank in the tank water delivering orifice switched system, and muddy water enters from scalable water delivering orifice 18, then enters the clear water circulation system 33.
Embodiment:
Its glass flume height of used tank main body is 1m in the present embodiment, and long is 20m.
Adopt polyphase fluid experimental tank system of the present invention to carry out reservoir deposits density current the experimentize process and the operation steps of work:
Before the test, connect tank system by structure shown in Figure 2.Promoting slidably side steel construction of tank main body, is 20cm with the internal diameter width adjustment of tank main body 16, fixes tank base plate and slip side steel construction.Open air pressure lifting jack 17 switches in the tank control system then, make the slow lifting of tank main body water inlet oral-lateral 24 parts, when the tank main body gradient is 6%, fix telescope support 28.
At first in muddy water underground tank 2, pour the silt of 10KG into, open second water pump, 6 switches of the muddy water circulation system 34, through after the circulating of about 10 minutes time, after can making containing husky muddy water and stir comparatively evenly in muddy water underground tank 2 and the muddy water ground upper water box 4, extract water samples from the second sampling emptying outlet 9 through flushing.Open first water pump, 5 switches of the clear water circulation system 33 then, open 10 electromagnetic valve switch of the control clear water water inlet in the tank control system, thereby start whole 10 valves of the electromagnetic valve group in the clear water circulation system, in the tank main body, inject clear water, scalable water delivering orifice 18 in the adjustment tank water delivering orifice switched system is to 75cm, and water delivering orifice switches to the clear water circulation system.
After treating that clear water is discharged from water delivering orifice 25 in the tank main body, close the clear water switch.Switch in the tank control system is switched to the muddy water switch, start two valve switchs of bottom in the muddy water system electromagnetic valve group, muddy water just flows in the tank that has been placed with clear water.
Reading according to second flowmeter 13, note the flow that muddy water enters, and the depth of water at measurement tank water inlet 24 places and the depth of water at tank water delivering orifice 25 places, the existing tank width of record and the gradient simultaneously enter tank from muddy water and begin just to write down its run duration and move to the tank end until the muddy water forward.
Turbid Density Flow of the present invention also can be utilized advanced measurement equipment in the tank motion process, for example acoustic Doppler knotmeter (ADV) is measured the vertical flow velocity in the muddy water motion process; Utilize particle imaging knotmeter (PIV) to measure the flow field situation of its motion; Utilize the digital image-forming technology that the muddy water motion process is carried out record; Can also extract water sample by thief hole 27, analyze its silt content and change, be convenient to reprocessing analysis.At last, when treating that muddy water moves to the tank end, tank water outlet switched system switches to the muddy water circulation system, closes the electromagnetic valve group this moment.So far, finish a Turbid Density Flow test.
Claims (10)
1. a polyphase fluid experimental tank system is characterized in that comprising tank main body (16), the clear water circulation system (33), the muddy water circulation system (34), water inlet system, control system (14) and water delivering orifice switched system (19) six major parts; Wherein, the tank bottom part body is provided with support (28) and lifting jack (17), and main body is fixed in ground with supporting hinges (29); Water inlet system is by the first sampling emptying outlet (8) and the second sampling emptying exports (9), first-hand movable valve (10) and second-hand's movable valve (11), first flow meter (12) and second flowmeter (13) and electromagnetic valve group (15) is formed, and the electromagnetic valve group is connected with tank main body top in the water inlet system; The clear water circulation system comprises clear water underground tank (1) and clear water ground upper water box (3), and the clear water underground tank is connected with clear water ground upper water box by first water pump (5); The muddy water circulation system comprises muddy water underground tank (2) and muddy water ground upper water box (4), and the muddy water underground tank is connected with muddy water ground upper water box by second water pump (6); The first flow meter other end that connects the electromagnetic valve group in the water inlet system is connected with first-hand movable valve, and first-hand movable valve connects the first sampling emptying outlet, and the first sampling emptying outlet is connected with clear water ground upper water box again; The second flowmeter other end that connects the electromagnetic valve group is connected with second-hand's movable valve, and second-hand's movable valve connects the second sampling emptying outlet, and the second sampling emptying outlet is connected with muddy water ground upper water box again; Control system is arranged on tank main body top tank water inlet (24) side; Tank water delivering orifice (25) is connected in tank main body bottom, and the water delivering orifice switched system is arranged on tank main body water delivering orifice outside, and is connected by feed pipe (20) with the muddy water underground tank with the clear water underground tank.
2. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tank main body (16) is set to the glass flume of steel construction (26), and width is variable at 15～40cm, and the gradient is at 0～4% adjustable glass flume that broadens, becomes the gradient.
3. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the support (28) of described tank main body (16) bottom is height-adjustable telescope support, and described lifting jack (17) is the air pressure lifting jack.
4. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with circulation flushing outlet (7) in the described water inlet system between the second sampling emptying outlet (9) and second-hand's movable valve (11).
5. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that steel construction (26) the upper edge journey of described tank main body (16) is provided with thief hole (27), and the glass wall of its glass flume (23) is convenient to observe.
6. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electromagnetic valve group (15) in the described water inlet system is made of five identical solenoid valves (21), separates with baffle plate (22) between each solenoid valve.
7. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 6, each distinguishes the different water inlets of five layers of layering of corresponding two row to it is characterized in that described five solenoid valves (21).
8. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 7, each that it is characterized in that five layers of layering water inlet of described two row is classified five water inlets as, and each layer is two water inlets.
9. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the volume of the volume of described muddy water underground tank (2) less than clear water underground tank (1).
10. polyphase fluid experimental tank system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described water delivering orifice switched system (19) comprises slidably water tank (30), the body structure that slide rail (32) and filter screen (31) constitute, its feed pipe (20) that is connected with tank main body bottom is an adjustable for height telescopic connection delivery pipe, carries out switching between the different circulation systems by the slip water tank.
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| CN200810147663A CN100587441C (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2008-11-25 | Polyphase fluid experimental tank system |
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| CN200810147663A CN100587441C (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2008-11-25 | Polyphase fluid experimental tank system |
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| CN108760972A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-11-06 | 河海大学 | The defeated shifting blending analogue experiment installation of Y type confluent channels pollutants and test method |
| CN109506882A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-22 | 浙江大学 | The experimental provision and method that a kind of slip boundary condition density current and salt wedge generate |
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