CN104563982B - High-temperature high-pressure dry gas injection longitudinal wave and efficiency testing device and method for gas condensate reservoir - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure dry gas injection longitudinal wave and efficiency testing device and method for gas condensate reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-temperature high-pressure dry gas injection longitudinal wave and efficiency testing device and method for a gas condensate reservoir. The device mainly comprises a high-pressure displacement pump, a medium container, a data acquiring system, a high-temperature and high-pressure slab model system, a backpressure controller, an oil-gas separator and a gas meter; the high-temperature and high-pressure slab model system mainly comprises a slab model, a model rack, a vertical lifting mechanism, a temperature control system, a fastening bolt, a fluid physical property testing point and a pressure sensor. The method comprises the steps of (1) manufacturing a sand filling model; (2) preparing a condensate gas sample and a formation water sample; (3) recovering the gas reservoir initial condition for the sand filling model; (4) injecting dry gas to replace condensate gas; (5) processing data, and calculating wave and efficiency. The device and method are reliable in principle, simple and convenient to operate, intuitive in measuring results, provide guidance suggestions to the condensate gas reservoir gas injection development effect and preparation of a development scheme, and have a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir note dry gas longitudinal direction displacement in petroleum natural gas exploration field involves effect
Rate test device and method.
Background technology
To the gas condensate reservoir compared with High condensate content, gas recycling is generally adopted to keep the development scheme of strata pressure, with
Slow down the precipitation of condensate, improve the recovery ratio of condensate.The recovery ratio of condensate is mainly subject to lean-gas drive to replace the shadow of sweep efficiency
Ring, the height of sweep efficiency directly determines the quality of gas recycling development effectiveness.At present in some gas condensate reservoir residue gas recycle note
It is found that obvious gravity segregation phenomenon during entering, injection dry gas occurs during level drive and surmounts condensate gas in a large number
Hide to rise and simultaneously assemble at gas condensate reservoir top, produce obvious gravitational differentiation phenomenon, but because the restriction of technical equipment is it is impossible to counterweight
Power onlap phenomenon carries out physical modeling, business software nor this production phenomenon of preferable simulation, more cannot explore and develop phase
The theory closed.The present invention directly solves High Temperature High Pressure gravity segregation this difficult problem of section physical modeling, the base simulated in success
Longitudinal sweep efficiency that on plinth, test note lean-gas drive replaces, principle is reliable, easy and simple to handle, intuitive measurement results.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir note dry gas longitudinally involves efficiency test device, this device
Principle is reliable, easy and simple to handle, and intuitive measurement results are it is adaptable to the survey that lean-gas drive replaces sweep efficiency noted by High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir
Amount, provides instrument and means for evaluating High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir gas injecting mining effect.
Another object of the present invention also resides in offer and notes dry gas longitudinal wave using said apparatus to High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir
And the method that efficiency is tested, establish theoretical base for exploring High Temperature High Pressure gravity segregation this difficult problem of section physical modeling
Plinth, the formulation for gas condensate reservoir gas injection development effect and development plan provides guiding suggestion, has broad application prospects.
For reaching above technical purpose, present invention offer technical scheme below:
High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir note dry gas longitudinally involve efficiency test device, mainly by high pressure displacement pump, dry gas in the middle of
Container, condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle, stratum water sample intermediate receptacle, data collecting system, High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model system,
Back pressure controller, gs-oil separator, gasometer composition.
Described High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model system is mainly by flat plate model, model frame, vertical lifting mechanism, temperature control system
System, fastening bolt, physical properties of fluids test point, pressure transducer composition, the flat plate model in model frame passes through vertical act
Rise mechanism carry out vertical or horizontal regulation, flat plate model by temperature control system adjust temperature, by fastening bolt carry out seal with
Fixing, the left end of flat plate model has inlet, and right-hand member has liquid outlet, inlet and liquid outlet to be all connected with pressure transducer, flat board
In model, distribution is no less than 40 physical properties of fluids test points.
High pressure displacement pump passes through dry gas intermediate receptacle, condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle, stratum water sample intermediate receptacle respectively
Connect the inlet of flat plate model, the liquid outlet of flat plate model is sequentially connected gs-oil separator, gasometer by back pressure controller.
Each physical properties of fluids test point has ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement instrument and valve, in order to measure in flat board
The physical parameters such as gas density, water saturation, steam oil ratio (SOR).
The ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 that described ultrasound probe assembly has 2 pieces to be launched and received, is all placed in porous media and uses
In measurement gas density；There is gas discharge outlet, this gas discharge outlet enters circulation of qi promoting by valve on each ultrasound probe assembly
Oil is demarcated than sample detecting and the detection of ultrasound wave gas-oil ratio；Electrode measurement instrument is used for measuring stratum at each physical properties of fluids test point
To carry out water saturation detection, the water saturation adjustment for model provides reference to resistance variations.
Described temperature control system, pressure transducer, ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement instrument all with data collecting system phase
Even, temperature data, pressure data, ultrasound data, the collection of resistance variations data are realized.
Used by the present invention, critical component is described as follows:
Flat plate model: provide experiment plate pressure-bearing die cavity used, pressure 70mpa, 150 DEG C of temperature, work surface can be born
Amass as 800mm × 300mm × 10mm.Material is high-carbon steel, and inner surface makees antirust treatment, outer surface spray painting.Including base plate, lid
Plate, sealing strip, fastening bolt, inlet, liquid outlet.
Model frame: instrument models frame is welded using 80mm × 60mm × 6mm rectangular steel pipe, long 2.1m ×
Wide 1.5m × high 1.2m, with the steering wheel of two 6 " directional wheel and two 6 " strap brakes, is easy to mobile, installation.
Vertical lifting mechanism: main by piston area be φ 160mm, stroke 500mm Standard Cylinder make lifting device, pass through
0～1mpa air pressure is used as power and carries out.Flat plate model can be carried out with 0～90 ° of rotation.
Temperature control system: the heating tube for heating is mounted on the base plate and cover plate of flat plate model, by temperature control system
System carries out temperature detection and temperature control.
Physical properties of fluids test point: inside flat plate model, processing is distributed with 40 or more physical properties of fluids test point, test
Point is more, and experimental result is more accurate, but corresponding cost also can increase.Each test point be provided with ultrasound probe assembly,
Electrode measurement instrument and valve, in order to measure the physical parameters such as gas density in flat board, water saturation, steam oil ratio (SOR).
Pressure monitor system: install pressure transducer in the inlet of flat plate model and liquid outlet, in order to observe control mould
The pressure change of type.
Using said apparatus, High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir is noted with the method that dry gas longitudinal direction sweep efficiency is tested, wrap successively
Include following steps:
(1) make sandpack column
According to actual gas reservoir formation condition, toward inside flat plate model, filling quartz sand is so as to the physical property such as porosity, permeability
Condition is close with actual formation condition, and distribution in a model is no less than 40 physical properties of fluids test points, screws fastening bolt, sealing
Flat plate model.
(2) condensate gas sample and stratum water sample are prepared
Reported according to stratum condensate gas pvt and prepare condensate gas sample it is desirable to ensure that condensate contains under formation temperature pressure
Amount, dew point, constant volume depletion condensate saturation and this stratum condensate gas pvt report are close.There is provided stratum water according to scene simultaneously
Sample analytical data prepares stratum water sample.
(3) sandpack column is carried out with gas reservoir initial condition recovery
The temperature of model is set to by formation temperature by temperature control system, mechanism is vertical by flat plate model by vertical lifting
Place, from inlet injection stratum water sample with saturation sandpack column after evacuation, after the completion of gradually step up system pressure to stratum
Set pressure, then at the formation temperature, back pressure is higher than to note condensate gas sample from liquid outlet under dew-point pressure, from inlet extraction
The mode of stratum water sets up initial irreducible water saturation, and sandpack column becomes work recovery and arrived gas reservoir initial condition.Record resistance
The initial value r of rate0, carry out by resistivity measurement that water saturation is counter to be pushed away, make water saturation isogram, if it find that
Saturation is extremely uneven, can open valve and carry out displacement adjustment.
(4) note lean-gas drive replaces condensate gas
By vertical lifting system by flat plate model horizontal positioned, inject dry gas from inlet, and liquid outlet extraction condensation
Gas, the situation of 1 note is adopted in simulation 1, and under different displacement velocities, test dry gas is along lower limb displacement and existing along the gravity segregation of longitudinal direction
As (due to the density contrast of dry gas and condensate gas, occurring in that gravity fractionation so that dry gas is on the top of reservoir in displacement process
Assemble the phenomenon that onlap forms onlap band in condensate gas).Then gas density test is carried out by ultrasound probe assembly, ultrasonic
Wave velocity needs to demarcate before experiment, and to stratum condensate gas and dry gas sample, under formation temperature pressure (no under porous media) enters
Row supersonic velocity measurement, thus be explanation dry gas and condensate gas border offer foundation.
(5) data processing, calculates sweep efficiency
Obtain the density isogram of flat board section model according to the density data matching that measurement obtains, find hatch region
Hatch region is then divided into affected area and non-affected area, calculates affected area by dry gas and the demarcation line of condensate gas
Area, sweep efficiency is obtained by following formula:
Sweep efficiency=affected area area/hatch region area.
Can analyze the reason gravity segregation phenomenon exists by sweep efficiency and influence factor, also gas injection Flooding Efficiency can be made
Go out quantitative evaluation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and a beneficial effect:
(1) flat plate model developed can bear pressure 70mpa, 150 DEG C of temperature, and model volume 800mm × 300mm ×
10mm, and rotatable, it is possible to achieve gas condensate reservoir exhaustion and gas injection PHYSICAL MODELING OF IN；
(2) stratum high-temperature high pressure ultrasonic density means of testing application make can in the situation not releasing any fluid
Obtain involving scope, change traditional fluid detection by releasing fluid and survey the method that gas-oil ratio judges sweep efficiency, overcome
The phase-state change that causes of pressure oscillation after tradition venting, also can overcome simultaneously due to section release fluid band test unstable
Property；
(3) this model can be additionally used in reservoir gas injection gravity and drives research, mechanism and rule during research gas cap drive.
Brief description
Fig. 1 notes, for High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir, the structural representation that dry gas longitudinally involves efficiency test device；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model system 12；
In figure: 1 high pressure displacement pump, 2 dry gas intermediate receptacles, 3 condensate gas sample intermediate receptacles, 4 stratum water samples
Product intermediate receptacle, 5,6,7,8,9,10 valves, 11 data collecting systems, 12 High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model systems, 13
Back pressure controller, 14 gs-oil separators, 15 gasometers, 16 flat plate models, 17 model frames, 18 vertical lifting machines
Structure, 19 temperature control systems, 20 physical properties of fluids test points, 21 fastening bolts, 22 inlets, 23 liquid outlets, 24,25
Pressure transducer.
Specific embodiment
Combine accompanying drawing below according to example and further illustrate the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1.
High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir note dry gas longitudinally involve efficiency test device, mainly by high pressure displacement pump 1, dry gas in the middle of
Container 2, condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle 3, stratum water sample intermediate receptacle 4, data collecting system 11, High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model
System 12, back pressure controller 13, gs-oil separator 14, gasometer 15 form.
Referring to Fig. 2.
Described High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model system 12 main by flat plate model 16, model frame 17, vertical lifting mechanism 18,
Temperature control system 19, fastening bolt 21, physical properties of fluids test point 20, pressure transducer 24 and 25 composition, in model frame 17
Flat plate model 16 vertical or horizontal regulation is carried out by vertical lifting mechanism 18, flat plate model adjusts temperature by temperature control system 19
Degree, is sealed by fastening bolt 21 and is fixed, the left end of flat plate model is had inlet 22, and right-hand member has liquid outlet 23, feed liquor
Mouth, liquid outlet are connected with pressure transducer 24,25 respectively, and distribution in flat plate model is no less than 40 physical properties of fluids test points 20.
High pressure displacement pump 1 passes through dry gas intermediate receptacle 2, condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle 3, the middle appearance of stratum water sample respectively
Device 4 connects the inlet 22 of flat plate model, and the liquid outlet 23 of flat plate model is sequentially connected Oil-gas Separation by back pressure controller 13
Device 14, gasometer 15.There is a valve 5,8 at the two ends of dry gas intermediate receptacle 2, the two ends of condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle 3 have valve 6,
9, there is valve 7,10 at the two ends of stratum water sample intermediate receptacle 4.
Each physical properties of fluids test point 20 has ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement instrument and valve, and each ultrasound wave is visited
The ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 that head assembly has 2 pieces to be launched and received, each ultrasound probe assembly has gas discharge outlet, this gas
Body outlet carries out gas-oil ratio sample detecting by valve and the detection of ultrasound wave gas-oil ratio is demarcated, and electrode measurement instrument is used for measuring often
Formation resistivity change at individual physical properties of fluids test point.
Described temperature control system, pressure transducer, ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement instrument all with data collecting system 11 phase
Even.
The method of testing of dry gas longitudinal direction sweep efficiency noted by High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir, and process is as follows:
(1) working flat plate model
According to presented hereinbefore, working flat plate model 16, pressure 70mpa, 150 DEG C of temperature can be born, work area is 800mm
× 300mm × 10mm, material is high-carbon steel, and inner surface makees antirust treatment, outer surface spray painting.Including base plate and cover plate, sealing strip,
Fastening bolt 21, inlet 22, liquid outlet 23.Heating for heating is mounted on the base plate and cover plate of flat plate model
Pipe, carries out temperature detection and temperature control by temperature control system 19.Preset and process acoustic-electric test lattice array (i row × j row), in flat board
Each test point on the cover plate of model installs ultrasound probe assembly, valve system and electrode measurement system.Whole mould
Type is supported fixing by model frame 17, and model can be carried out with the rotation of different angles by vertical lifting mechanism 18,
To reach the effect of the difference exploitation situation such as simulation water horizontal well, inclined shaft, peupendicular hole.It is respectively mounted in inlet 22 and liquid outlet 23
Load cell 24,25, in order to observe the pressure change of Controlling model.Data collecting system 11 realizes pressure data, temperature number
According to, the collection of ultrasound data, resistance variations data.
(2) make sandpack column
According to actual gas reservoir formation condition, fill quartz sand toward inside flat plate model, granular size is according to needed for enable
The physical property condition such as porosity, permeability, to select, in order to ensure success rate, can use short rock core to enter after carrying out back-up sand experimental check again
The formal filling of row, installs acoustic-electric test lattice array (i row × j row), the density (number) of array will according to test in a model
Ask to determine, more close then resolution is higher theoretically, and test result is more accurate, but cost increase is more, experiment difficulty also will carry
Rise；Then fastening bolt 21, seal plate model 16 are screwed.
(3) condensate gas and stratum water sample are prepared
By standard sy/t5543 prepare condensate gas sample it is desirable to ensure under formation temperature pressure original flash gas-oil ratio,
Dew point, constant volume depletion condensate saturation and this stratum condensate gas pvt report are close.Simultaneously according to scene provide stratum water sample from
Sub- analytical data prepares stratum water sample.The condensate gas having configured sample is loaded intermediate receptacle 3, stratum water sample loads middle
Container 4, the dry gas of displacement then loads intermediate receptacle 2.
(4) sandpack column is carried out with gas reservoir initial condition recovery
The temperature of model is set to by formation temperature by heating temperature-control system 19, adjustment vertical lifting mechanism 18 is by flat board
Model is disposed vertically, and closes model all connections gate, after model liquid outlet is evacuated to 200pa, in initialization system saturation pressure
Power p1(be generally greater than reveal more than pressure 5mpa) metering high pressure displacement pump 1 initial reading, then open valve 7,10, from feed liquor
Mouthfuls 22 by the stratum water sample injection sandpack column of intermediate receptacle 4 so that model saturation stratum water, after the completion of gradually step up system
Pressure sets pressure p 1, record pump reading now to stratum, then obtains water saturation amount in model；Then in formation temperature
Under, back pressure is higher than under dew-point pressure (p1+5mpa), opens valve 6,9, injects condensate gas sample, feed liquor using from liquid outlet 23
The mode of mouth 22 produced waters sets up initial irreducible water saturation, and so far sandpack column becomes work recovery and arrived the original shape of gas reservoir
State.Record the initial value r of each test point resistivity by electrode measurement system0(i, j), carries out original containing by resistivity measurement
Water saturation is counter to be pushed away, and makes water saturation isogram, if it find that saturation is extremely uneven, can adopt and connect containing electrode
Mouthful array pipeline carry out displacement adjustment, the point too high to water saturation, this pipeline can be opened and adopt a part of gas, and carry
Water out, can be adjusted to too low point by the way of injecting certain water.
(5) note lean-gas drive replaces condensate gas
By vertical lifting mechanism 18 by flat plate model 16 horizontal positioned, open valve 5,8, dry from inlet 22 injection
Gas, liquid outlet 23 produces condensate gas, and back pressure controller 13 controls liquid outlet pressure, and carries out oil gas by gs-oil separator 14 and divide
From tolerance collected in gasometer 15 record, and the situation of 1 note is adopted in simulation 1, and under different displacement velocities, test dry gas is along lower limb displacement
Onlap phenomenon in the vertical (due to the density contrast of dry gas and condensate gas, occurs in that gravity fractionation so that in displacement process
Dry gas assembles, on the top of reservoir, the phenomenon that onlap forms onlap band in condensate gas).Then carried out by ultrasound probe assembly
Gas density is tested, and ultrasonic velocity needs to demarcate before experiment, first to stratum condensate gas and dry gas sample in formation temperature
Under pressure, (no under porous media) carries out supersonic velocity measurement, thus being explanation dry gas and condensate gas border offer foundation.
Flat plate model can also be disposed vertically, test longitudinally big distance diffusion；Or test is from top liquid outlet note lean-gas drive
Improve the problem of sweep efficiency for condensate gas, the dependency of displacement velocity and gravity segregation can be studied.
(6) data processing, calculates sweep efficiency
Obtain the density isogram of flat board section model according to the density data matching that measurement obtains, find hatch region
Hatch region is then divided into affected area and non-affected area, calculates felt area by dry gas and the demarcation line of condensate gas
Area, and the area in the entire profile region, it is known that sweep efficiency=affected area area/hatch region area, substitutes into data and calculates
Obtain final product sweep efficiency.Just can analyze the reason gravity segregation phenomenon exists by sweep efficiency and influence factor, also gas injection can be driven
Make quantitative evaluation for effect.
Claims (2)
1. High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir note dry gas longitudinally involve efficiency test device, mainly by high pressure displacement pump (1), dry gas in the middle of
Container (2), condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle (3), stratum water sample intermediate receptacle (4), data collecting system (11), High Temperature High Pressure
Flat plate model system (12), back pressure controller (13), gs-oil separator (14), gasometer (15) composition are it is characterised in that described
High Temperature High Pressure flat plate model system (12) is mainly by flat plate model (16), model frame (17), vertical lifting mechanism (18), temperature control
System (19), fastening bolt (21), physical properties of fluids test point (20), pressure transducer composition, in model frame (17)
Flat plate model (16) carries out vertical or horizontal regulation by vertical lifting mechanism (18), and flat plate model passes through temperature control system (19) and adjusts
Section temperature, is sealed by fastening bolt (21) and is fixed, the left end of flat plate model is had inlet (22), and right-hand member has liquid outlet
(23), inlet, liquid outlet are connected with pressure transducer respectively, and distribution in flat plate model is no less than 40 physical properties of fluids test points
(20)；High pressure displacement pump (1) is respectively by dry gas intermediate receptacle (2), condensate gas sample intermediate receptacle (3), stratum water sample
Between container (4) connect the inlet (22) of flat plate model, the liquid outlet (23) of flat plate model passes through back pressure controller (13) successively
Connect gs-oil separator (14), gasometer (15)；Each physical properties of fluids test point (20) has ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement
Instrument and valve, the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 that each ultrasound probe assembly has 2 pieces to be launched and received, each ultrasound probe group
There is gas discharge outlet, this gas discharge outlet carries out gas-oil ratio sample detecting and ultrasound wave gas-oil ratio detection mark by valve on part
Fixed, electrode measurement instrument is used for measuring formation resistivity change at each physical properties of fluids test point；Described temperature control system, pressure sensing
Device, ultrasound probe assembly, electrode measurement instrument are all connected with data collecting system (11).
2. using the device described in claim 1, High Temperature High Pressure gas condensate reservoir is noted with the side that dry gas longitudinal direction sweep efficiency is tested
Method, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) make sandpack column
According to actual gas reservoir formation condition, toward inside flat plate model, filling quartz sand is so as to the physical property condition such as porosity, permeability
Close with actual formation condition, distribution in flat plate model is no less than 40 physical properties of fluids test points, screws fastening bolt, sealing
Flat plate model；
(2) condensate gas sample and stratum water sample are prepared
Reported according to stratum condensate gas pvt and prepare condensate gas sample, provide stratum water sample analysis data to prepare stratum according to scene
Water sample；
(3) sandpack column is carried out with gas reservoir initial condition recovery
The temperature of sandpack column is set to by formation temperature by temperature control system, mechanism is vertical by sandpack column by vertical lifting
Place, from inlet injection stratum water sample with saturation sandpack column after evacuation, after the completion of gradually step up High Temperature High Pressure flat board mould
Type system pressure sets pressure to stratum, and then at the formation temperature, back pressure is higher than to note condensate gas from liquid outlet under dew-point pressure
Sample, sets up initial irreducible water saturation from the mode of inlet produced water, makes sandpack column return to the original shape of gas reservoir
State；
(4) note lean-gas drive replaces condensate gas
By vertical lifting mechanism by sandpack column horizontal positioned, inject dry gas from inlet, and liquid outlet extraction condensate gas, mould
Intend 1 situation adopting 1 note, test dry gas, along lower limb displacement with along longitudinal gravity segregation phenomenon, leads under different displacement velocities
Cross ultrasound probe assembly and carry out gas density test；
(5) data processing, calculates sweep efficiency
Obtain the density isogram of sandpack column according to density data matching, find the boundary of hatch region dry gas and condensate gas
Line, hatch region is divided into affected area and non-affected area, calculates the area of affected area, involved by following formula
Efficiency:
Sweep efficiency=affected area area/hatch region area.
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| CN201510007006.6A CN104563982B (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2015-01-06 | High-temperature high-pressure dry gas injection longitudinal wave and efficiency testing device and method for gas condensate reservoir |
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| CN105547961B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-02-16 | 西南石油大学 | Retrograde gas condensate saturation degree determines method in exhaustion formula exploitation sandstone gas condensate reservoir reservoir |
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