CN104234677A - Method for improving condensate recovery ratio of condensate gas reservoir through gas injection vertical displacement - Google Patents
Method for improving condensate recovery ratio of condensate gas reservoir through gas injection vertical displacement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A gas injection vertical displacement method for improving condensate recovery ratio of a condensate gas reservoir belongs to the technical field of condensate gas field development; according to gas injection physical model experiments and production practice, when the density ratio of the preferred injected gas to the gas reservoir fluid is less than 0.75 under the stratum condition, the gravity differentiation phenomenon is obvious, and accordingly, the proper injected gas is selected; determining the position, perforation section, well type and well spacing of an injection and production well by adopting an injected gas infinitesimal body motion mechanical analysis method so as to better form an artificial gas cap in the gas injection process; determining the critical gas yield for preventing the gas-oil ratio from rising due to the injection gas coning according to a critical yield correction formula; the method can enable the injected gas to form an artificial gas cap at the high part of the structure and vertically displace the condensate gas downwards, so that the sweep coefficient of the injected gas is close to 100 percent, and the utilization rate of the injected gas and the final recovery ratio of the condensate oil can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection and improve gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, belong to development technique field, gas condensate field.
Background technology
Nineteen thirties colonial exploitation gas condensate reservoir, the initial stage adopts blowdown, and the forties progressively explores enforcement gas injecting mining; The production ratio U.S. of China's gas condensate reservoir is late more than 40 year, after eighties of last century early seventies starts to find the gas condensate reservoirs such as Sichuan anistree field, huge port slab bridge, Liaoning Panjin, Xinjiang Ke Keya, tooth Kazakhstan successively, just start starting; Initial stage gas condensate field substantially all adopts blowdown; Adopt in blowdown process in gas condensate field, strata pressure declines gradually, and when strata pressure is down to below dew-point pressure, reservoir fluid just retrograde condensation can occur, and separates out a large amount of condensate; Because the condensate of separating out is difficult to be plucked out of the ground, therefore adopt its condensate ultimate recovery of gas condensate field of blowdown lower, generally lower than 40%.
Current large-scale gas condensate field at home and abroad such as the Ty gas condensate field of Norway, Chinese tooth Kazakhstan, Ke Keya gas condensate field all use gas injecting mining, wherein the effect of gas injection mainly contains two, the first, supplements stratum energy, retentively stressor layer, reduces the precipitation of retrograde condensed liquid; The second, when strata pressure is down to below dew-point pressure, gas injection can be evaporated counter for condensed liquid, becomes the better gas phase of mobility, thus is more easily plucked out of; Condensate recovery ratio can be increased to about 50% by gas injecting mining.
Following problem is all there is in the gas condensate field adopting gas injecting mining:
1., in the gas condensate reservoir of current gas injecting mining, the sweep efficiency of injected gas on stratum is not high, and a large amount of injected gas arrives producing well shaft bottom too early, causes gas-oil ratio too high, have impact on the utilization rate of injected gas;
2. there is larger physical difference between injected gas and stratum condensate gas, current gas injecting mining mode does not consider the difference in physical properties of fluids, does not more consider to utilize this difference to increase gas injection swept volume, makes injected gas play larger effect;
3. conventional gas injecting mining can improve condensate recovery ratio more than 10 percentage points than blowdown, but still has a large amount of condensate to remain in underground in territory, injected gas bypassed area.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection and improving gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method.
The present invention aims to provide the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection and improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, effectively can prevent injecting dry gas and arrive producing well shaft bottom too early, and the physical difference of injected gas and stratum condensate gas and reservoir structural feature can be utilized to improve the sweep efficiency of injected gas, the ultimate recovery of condensate can be increased to more than 70%.
The vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, containing following steps;
According to gas injection physical model experiment and produce actual, preferred injected gas and gas reservoir fluid when density ratio is less than 0.75 under formation conditions gravitational differentiation phenomenon obvious, select suitable injected gas accordingly; Adopt injected gas micro unit dynamic analysis of motion method determination injection-production well position, perforated interval, well type and well spacing, artificial gas cap can better be formed in gas injection process; The critical gas production preventing from causing gas-oil ratio to rise owing to injecting gas coning is determined according to critical output correction formula; The method can make injected gas form artificial gas cap and displacement condensate gas vertically downward in structure high-order bit, makes the sweep efficiency of injected gas close to 100%, can significantly improve the utilization rate of injected gas and the ultimate recovery of condensate.
Carry out dynamic analysis of motion to injected gas micro unit, gravity suffered by micro unit is G, and buoyancy is F
floating, the difference of the buoyancy vertically upward its gravity vertically downward and fluid density contrast produced is defined as barometric gradient dp vertically upward
1/ dL
1, then on micro unit, barometric gradient is:
Carry out particle process to micro unit, then micro unit place barometric gradient is:
Injected gas micro unit in the horizontal direction pressure reduction is Δ p, pressure differential deltap p ' vertically upward; Again in conjunction with percolation hydraulic theory, just can obtain t injected gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction top offset:
To enable injected gas form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top smoothly, need meet when the horizontal movement of injected gas micro unit reaches 1/2nd injector producer distances, its vertical direction top offset should be not less than the distance between perforated interval top to reservoir top, makes D
perforationrepresent the distance of perforated interval top to structural high, namely need to meet and work as S
level=0.5D
note is adoptedtime, S
vertically≮ D
perforation; If straight well can not meet this condition, can horizontal well gas-injection be changed into, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, to reduce the lateral pressure difference that gas injection causes, reduce the horizontal movement speed of injected gas; Injected gas so just can be enable to form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top well;
After formation artificial gas cap, to when having a condensate gas reservoir of injected gas pneumatic jack, need the flow performance taking into full account top injected gas, choose reasonable producing well perforating site and output, thus prevent injecting gas coning and cause production gas-oil ratio to raise; Utilizing barometric gradient method of comparison to set up anti-injected gas pneumatic jack bores into critical output calculating correction formula;
Injected gas bottom definition artificial gas cap and the density variation of condensate gas and the barometric gradient that produces is dp
2/ dL
2; Make dp
2/ dL
2equal gas well with the barometric gradient produced bottom pneumatic jack during certain yield production, to suppose bottom injected gas pneumatic jack with the distance at this gas recovery well perforated interval top to be D, the critical gas production Q preventing from causing gas-oil ratio to rise owing to injecting gas coning can be obtained
critical;
Gas recovery well gas production need be met during production and be less than Q
critical; When the critical gas production of straight well is less than 0.2 with the ratio of open-flow capacity, with be less than critical gas production produce cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability time, straight well is changed into horizontal well to produce, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, when making gas well with identical yield production, produce less pressure drop in shaft bottom;
Above Q
critical-critical output, m
3/ d;
The distance of D-between perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high, m;
D
pneumatic jack is thickdistance bottom-injected gas pneumatic jack and between gas reservoir structural high, m;
H
always-injected gas and condensate gas gross thickness, m;
K
verticallythe vertical permeability of-condensate gas, D;
μ
injected gasthe viscosity of-injected gas, mPas;
B
injected gasthe volume factor of-injected gas, m
3/ m
3;
R
ethe earial drainage radius of-gas well, m;
R
wthe well radius of-gas well, m.
Advantage of the present invention is the gravitational differentiation utilizing gas density difference to be formed, and form injected gas pneumatic jack in reservoir high-order bit, realize vertical displacement by the expansion of injected gas pneumatic jack, the method can significantly improve the utilization rate of injected gas and the ultimate recovery of condensate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to detailed description below, more completely can understand the present invention better and easily learn wherein many adjoint advantages; But accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of the present invention; Schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, as schemed wherein:
Fig. 1 injected gas micro unit dynamic analysis of motion schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is for injecting dry gas migration rule schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is gas reservoir vertical depth of the present invention and vertical depth point above gas reservoir voids volume graph of relation;
Fig. 4 is that D well vertical depth of the present invention and MDT test gas-oil ratio and to cross figure;
Fig. 5 is producing well perforating site optimization figure.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Obviously, the many modifications and variations that those skilled in the art do based on aim of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method,
For the above three large problems adopting gas injecting mining gas condensate reservoir, the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection is provided to improve gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method; The method can physical properties of fluids difference between Appropriate application injected gas and stratum condensate gas, improves injected gas sweep efficiency in the earth formation and effectively can reduce the generation of has channeling, finally can significantly improve the ultimate recovery of injected gas utilization rate and condensate.
For certain gas reservoir one injection-production well group Y, this injection-production well group has a bite gas injection well A well at present, and two mouthfuls of producing wells lay respectively at the B well of its eastern 600m and the C well of western 580m; Analyze injected gas motion conditions between gas injection well A well and gas recovery well B well, gas injection well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is 47.1MPa, and gas recovery well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is 43.3MPa; Its structure top forms artificial gas cap at present, now for closing A well, utilizes this technology to redesign injection-production program to this injection-production well group, forms North and South direction one note one and adopts well group production; According to gas reservoir engineering research, this injection-production well group major parameter is as follows: ρ
inject gas=246.3kg/m
3, ρ
condensate gas=349.6kg/m
3, K
level=183mD, K
vertically=61mD, Z
injected gas=1.26, Z
condensate gas=1.38, B
injected gas=3.7368 × 10
-3m
3/ (mark) m
3, B
condensate gas=3.4363 × 10
-3m
3/ (mark) m
3, μ
injected gas=0.0156mPas, μ
condensate gas=0.0172mPas, h
always=50m, r
e=462m, r
w=0.1m;
Cut-off footpath is the dry gas micro unit of L is research object, as Fig. 1; Barometric gradient vertically upward suffered by it is:
T injected gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction displacement:
Need meet and work as S
level=0.5D
note is adoptedtime, S
vertically≮ D
perforation; The injector producer distance of A JingBJing is 600m, i.e. S
level=0.5 × 600=300m, then injected gas is from gas injection well migration to time t=4 × 10 required for 1/2nd injector producer distances
6s, within this time, injected gas in the vertical migration distance is S
vertically=0.4 × 10
-5× 4 × 10
6=16m, namely needs to ensure that gas injection well perforated interval and gas reservoir structural high distance are no more than 16m.
In conjunction with this injection-production well group practical condition, determine to close gas injection well A well, arrange a gas recovery well D at A well Nan560mChu, arrange a gas injection well E at A well Bei520mChu;
According to Y injection-production well group geologic feature, calculate the gas reservoir voids volume of more than different vertical depth this vertical depth point corresponding, and the relation curve both setting up, as Fig. 3;
Calculate the accumulation injected gas volume 3.8 × 10 of gas injection well A well
8m
3, conversion to formation condition lower volume is:
Can find from Fig. 3, the corresponding gas reservoir vertical depth of this value is 4166.5m, and namely on height above sea level-4166.5m puts, region is injected gas gas cap region;
In the drilling process of gas recovery well D well, carry out MDT sampling at reservoir different depth, obtain the gas-oil ratio change curve of the different vertical depth of gas reservoir, as Fig. 4;
At vertical depth 4165m place, fluid gas-oil ratio is 2805m
3/ m
3, can judge that this place's fluid is rich in condensate, belong to rich gas; Under vertical depth 4165m, gas-oil ratio is from 2805 m
3/ m
3, be reduced to 1665 m gradually
3/ m
3, condensate content increases with vertical depth and increases gradually; And on vertical depth 4165m, gas-oil ratio is rapidly increased to 95000 m
3/ m
3; Only higher than the 4166.7m place of 4165m place 1.7m, gas-oil ratio just reaches 7000m
3/ m
3, show as the feature of injected gas, therefore can judge that this well vertical depth 4165m to 4166.7m locates existence one mixed zone, be exactly injected gas pneumatic jack district on this mixed zone, its injected gas pneumatic jack thickness D
pneumatic jack is thickat about 15m;
Determine injected gas pneumatic jack interface injected gas and condensate gas density variation and the barometric gradient dp produced
2/ dL
2;
In order value equal gas well with during certain yield production in the barometric gradient that injected gas pneumatic jack interface place produces; This gas reservoir gas-bearing net pay 50m, injected gas pneumatic jack thickness 15m, then prevent the critical gas production Q owing to injecting gas coning
criticalas follows:
Change D value, corresponding Q can be obtained
critical, gas recovery well gas production need be met during production and be less than Q
critical, as Fig. 5; When the critical gas production of straight well is less than 0.2 with the ratio of open-flow capacity, with be less than critical gas production produce cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability time, straight well is changed into horizontal well to produce, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, when making gas recovery well with identical yield production, produce less pressure drop in shaft bottom.
Attached: when gas recovery well is horizontal well, solving corresponding critical gas production only needs the air feed radius r in above formula
echange the equivalent air feed radius r of horizontal well
ed; Make horizontal well drive area to be S, horizontal section length is L, then have:
As mentioned above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but as long as do not depart from inventive point of the present invention in fact and effect can have a lot of distortion, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art; Therefore, such variation is also all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the vertical displacement of gas injection improves a gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, it is characterized in that containing following steps;
According to gas injection physical model experiment and produce actual, preferred injected gas and gas reservoir fluid when density ratio is less than 0.75 under formation conditions gravitational differentiation phenomenon obvious, select suitable injected gas accordingly; Adopt injected gas micro unit dynamic analysis of motion method determination injection-production well position, perforated interval, well type and well spacing, can better artificial gas cap be formed in gas injection process; The critical gas production preventing from causing gas-oil ratio to rise owing to injecting gas coning is determined according to critical output correction formula; Make injected gas form artificial gas cap and displacement condensate gas vertically downward in structure high-order bit, make the sweep efficiency of injected gas close to 100%, improve the utilization rate of injected gas and the ultimate recovery of condensate.
2. the vertical displacement of a kind of gas injection according to claim 1 improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, it is characterized in that containing following steps;
Carry out dynamic analysis of motion to injected gas micro unit, gravity suffered by micro unit is G, and buoyancy is F
floating, the difference of the buoyancy vertically upward its gravity vertically downward and fluid density contrast produced is defined as barometric gradient dp vertically upward
1/ dL
1, then on micro unit, barometric gradient is:
Carry out particle process to micro unit, then micro unit place barometric gradient is:
Injected gas micro unit in the horizontal direction pressure reduction is Δ p, pressure differential deltap p ' vertically upward; Again in conjunction with percolation hydraulic theory, just can obtain t injected gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction top offset:
To enable injected gas form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top smoothly, need meet when the horizontal movement of injected gas micro unit reaches 1/2nd injector producer distances, its vertical direction top offset should be not less than the distance between perforated interval top to reservoir top, makes D
perforationrepresent the distance of perforated interval top to structural high, namely need to meet and work as S
level=0.5D
note is adoptedtime, S
vertically≮ D
perforation; If straight well can not meet this condition, can horizontal well gas-injection be changed into, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, to reduce the lateral pressure difference that gas injection causes, reduce the horizontal movement speed of injected gas; Injected gas so just can be enable to form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top well;
After formation artificial gas cap, to when having a condensate gas reservoir of injected gas pneumatic jack, need the flow performance taking into full account top injected gas, choose reasonable producing well perforating site and output, thus prevent injecting gas coning and cause production gas-oil ratio to raise; Utilize barometric gradient method of comparison to set up critical output and calculate correction formula;
Injected gas bottom definition artificial gas cap and the density variation of condensate gas and the barometric gradient that produces is dp
2/ dL
2; Make dp
2/ dL
2equal gas well with the barometric gradient produced bottom pneumatic jack during certain yield production, to suppose bottom injected gas pneumatic jack with the distance at this gas recovery well perforated interval top to be D, can obtain preventing the critical gas production Q owing to injecting gas coning and then causing gas-oil ratio to rise
critical;
Gas recovery well gas production need be met during production and be less than Q
critical; When the critical gas production of straight well is less than 0.2 with the ratio of open-flow capacity, with be less than critical gas production produce cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability time, straight well is changed into horizontal well to produce, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, when making gas recovery well with identical yield production, produce less pressure drop in shaft bottom;
Above Q
critical-critical output, m
3/ d;
The distance of D-between perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high, m;
D
pneumatic jack is thickdistance bottom-injected gas pneumatic jack and between gas reservoir structural high, m;
H
always-injected gas and condensate gas gross thickness, m;
K
verticallythe vertical permeability of-condensate gas, D;
μ
injected gasthe viscosity of-injected gas, mPas;
B
injected gasthe volume factor of-injected gas, m
3/ m
3;
R
ethe earial drainage radius of-gas well, m;
R
wthe well radius of-gas well, m.
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CN104234677B CN104234677B (en) | 2016-12-28 |
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