CN106596400B - A kind of evaluating apparatus and experimental method of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well - Google Patents
A kind of evaluating apparatus and experimental method of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well Download PDFInfo
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- CN106596400B CN106596400B CN201611247445.5A CN201611247445A CN106596400B CN 106596400 B CN106596400 B CN 106596400B CN 201611247445 A CN201611247445 A CN 201611247445A CN 106596400 B CN106596400 B CN 106596400B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The invention discloses the evaluating apparatus and experimental method of a kind of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well, second contact surface, that is, cement-bed boundary, since the hypotonic characteristic of underground interlayer and cement plays the role of crucial packing to the fluid in stratum, thus the basic reason of second contact surface channelling is that the bonding quality of stratum interlayer and cement is poor, so the evaluation of well cementation second contact surface bonding quality is main to consider the cementing of stratum interlayer and cement.The device is to solve the problems, such as this, but can also evaluate the cementing situation of cement Yu other stratum simultaneously.The present invention generally uses situ of drilling well true core collected to test, the cementing situation of situ interfacial is simulated to greatest extent, experimental principle is reliable, and experimental result and analysis can provide important references for the evaluation of cementing concrete second contact surface bonding quality, and important foundation is provided for engineering design.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the assessment technique fields on the second cementation interface of oil gas well cementing operation, that is, stratum and cement sheath interface, specifically
It is related to the evaluating apparatus and experimental method of a kind of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well.
Background technique
The quality of cementing quality affects the progress of later period safety and stability production and the feasibility of each well stimulation.Well cementation
The cementation interface of second contact surface, i.e. stratum and cement sheath makes cement sheath due to there is more loose mud cake and formation fluid
It is easily peeled off after solidification, cementing strength decline is easier to alter layer compared to the first interface.Thus, the anti-has channeling of second contact surface
Ability is a problem with greater need for attention.
The evaluation of situation cementing for second contact surface is the urgent problem to be solved always existed in primary cement evaluation, often
Logging technique is also difficult to provide specific evaluation result.And laboratory experiment evaluation at present is mainly determined by two aspects, one
It is using shearing cementing strength, second is that waterpower cementing strength.The former has more research at present, such as Yang Zhejie (Yang Zhejie, Liang Hong
Army, Li Feng wait well cementation interface cementing strength tester:CN202381076U [P] .2012.), (Cheng Rongchao, step are beautiful by Cheng Rongchao
Ring, Wang Rui and blast-furnace cinder improve cementing concrete interface agglutination performance study [J] gas industry, 2007,27 (2):63-
Etc. 66.) research of the cementing evaluation of second contact surface has all been carried out using the principle, but carries out testing obtained knot using the principle
Fruit can not directly give the stratum channelling pressure that cement plane can be born, while the size of cementing strength can not be built with anti-channeling ability
Vertical relationship, if cement plane is there are crack, actual formation has occurred and that channelling, but the shearing cementing strength for testing display still may
It is very big.As it can be seen that there are problems for this kind of evaluation method.The latter is evaluated using waterpower cementing strength, is substantially that evaluation the anti-of interface is altered
Ability, using channelling pressure as evaluating cementing second interface anti-channeling capacity index.Meet with underground situation, evaluation method and obtains
Parameter has direct directive significance.(Gu Jun, Yang Weihua, Qin Wenzheng wait well cementation second interface packing merit rating method to Gu Jun
Study [J] petroleum journal, 2008,29 (3):A kind of method for evaluating second contact surface sealing ability 451-454.) is proposed, but
This method fails sufficiently to simulate mud cake formation and rinse using artificial core, and model excessively idealizes.Guo little Yang is mentioned
Having gone out the cementing power evaluating apparatus of one, 2 two cementation interface under high temperature and pressure a kind of, (Guo little Yang, Zhang Kai, the early member of Lee wait
High temperature and pressure well cementation one, the Sichuan second interface sealing aptitude tests device and method [P]：CN104406910A,2015-03-
11.), though the device can carry out the second cementation interface of well cementation, it is using artificial core simulated formation, cementing situation
There are larger differences with the truth of underground second contact surface；The device can measure one, 2 two cementation interface simultaneously, may
Cause fluid to be altered in two the mutual of interface, is such as originally to measure the gas at the first interface since the cementing strength at the first interface is much larger than
Second contact surface, so that phenomena such as gas is altered to second contact surface, influences experimental result, the especially fluid-channeling channel of the second cementation interface
There is multiple, such as the cement plane of rock core itself, rock core and cement sheath, the gas source which cannot be distinguished has channeling is logical in which item
Road, therefore there are more unreasonable places for the instrument.
In current research, simulated formation could be used without infiltrative sheet metal a bit, make the glue of well cementation second contact surface
It ties quality evaluation and does not have reference value.Also have using artificial core simulated formation, but undeclared artificial core is to practically
Layer analogy method and whether reach live formation physical parameters, do not meet field condition, while artificial core is wanted according to underground
Ask actual size very big, compacting is difficult, and at high cost, experimental period is long, and the artificial core manufacture of use does not meet field condition, mould
Quasi- result reference value is low, does not have actual reference substantially.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of described in background technique, the present invention provides a kind of evaluations of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well
Device and experimental method, the rock core size which uses is small, overcomes the problem excessive to rock core demand, and can form mud
Cake can also use artificial core, according to formation rock total rock, clay component, size distribution, infiltration directly with live rock core
The data such as saturating rate, porosity, oil gas water saturation, the artificial artificial core for suppressing simulated formation.In addition, the device adopts rock core
It is handled with rock core cap, the first interface, second contact surface and rock core itself is permeated into three channel separations that has channeling may occur
It opens, can accurately obtain the pressure and flow of second contact surface has channeling.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of evaluating apparatus for second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well, including autoclave body, autoclave body are internally provided with rock core, rock core with
Cement sheath is provided between autoclave body；It is cased with rock core cap at the top of rock core, is provided with gap between rock core cap lower edge and cement sheath；Rock core
Bottom is provided with wool pad, and wool pad can fix rock core between two parties, and prevents cement slurry from flowing into the high-pressure gas pipelines on lower end cap；
Cement sheath lateral surface and autoclave body medial surface closely form the first interface has channeling channel, and rock core lateral surface and cement sheath medial surface are close
Form second contact surface has channeling channel.
The rock core is true core, and core diameter is between 25mm to 50mm, height 50mm, such as practically without underground
The rock core that layer drills through can be suppressed using drilling cuttings, or according to formation rock total rock, clay component, size distribution, permeability, hole
The data such as porosity, oil gas water saturation, the artificial artificial core for suppressing simulated formation.
The gap escapes second contact surface has channeling gas, and rock core cap center has hole and pipeline and rock core body to permeate gas
Channel is connected, the gas that can be separated the gas of second contact surface has channeling and penetrate from rock core itself.
The autoclave body lateral surface is closely provided with heating mantle, and heating mantle is internally provided with thermocouple, uses for heating,
Heating mantle lateral surface is closely provided with insulating layer, for keeping the temperature.
Upper end cover is partially connected on the autoclave body, upper end cover lower part is provided with ceramic washer and upper plug head, upper ceramics
Washer is used to be provided with sealing ring, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth, rock core body infiltration gas on upper plug head and receive to heat-insulated
Ji Kou and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth, sealing ring is to separate gas when has channeling occurs for the first, second interface, and the
One interface has channeling gas collection mouth is used to collect the first cementation interface that cement sheath and autoclave body inner surface are formed and ease when has channeling occurs
Gas out, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth are received for collecting the gas that rock core itself penetrates, second contact surface has channeling gas
Ji Kou is used to collect second boundary's cement plane that rock core and cement sheath are formed and occurs escaping gas when has channeling, in the device, first
The has channeling gas that interface, second contact surface and rock core itself penetrate individually is separated, and can accurately know second contact surface
Pressure and flow when has channeling.
Lower cover is partially connected under the autoclave body, lower end cap upper surface is successively closely provided with lower ceramic washer, lower envelope
The gap location of head and lower end cap, lower end cap and autoclave body is provided with graphite packing, and graphite packing guarantees sealing performance, lower ceramic washer
To heat-insulated, lower end cap central axes direction is provided with high-pressure gas pipelines, inputs high pressure to the device by high-pressure gas pipelines
Air or high-pressure fluid；Air drain was provided between lower end cap and cement sheath, the high pressure gas inputted by high-pressure gas pipelines
It is flow to rock core, cement sheath lower part with air drain is crossed by wool pad, simulates underground has channeling.
The high-pressure gas pipelines connect two pipelines：First is that connecting gas gauge, gas by special check valve
Pressure maintaining valve and source nitrogen, second is that connecting the first hydraulic gage and the first hydraulic pump by the first control valve；First pipeline is used
In being filled with the nitrogen with certain pressure to the device, has channeling is simulated to test the bonding quality at each interface；Article 2 pipeline
For being filled with the fluid with certain pressure to the device, maintenance is formed with cleaning device inside or in cement sheath forming process
Pressure.The special check valve, only could quilt when the pressure that source nitrogen is released is greater than pressure hydraulic in autoclave body
It opens, and fluid can only enter autoclave body, cannot return to source nitrogen, if source nitrogen release air pressure is less than hydraulic in autoclave body, nitrogen
The gas of gas source release cannot pass through the valve.
First interface has channeling gas collection mouth, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth and the second contact surface has channeling gas is received
Ji Kou connects the first interface has channeling gas collection bottle by pipeline respectively, rock core body permeates gas collection bottle and second contact surface has channeling
Gas collection bottle；Along gas flow direction, back-pressure valve, pressure gauge and flowmeter are disposed on each pipeline；When gas is sent out
When anger is altered, escapes on gas and escaped from nearest gas collection mouth, it is big through cmf record flow by corresponding back-pressure valve
It is small and by each gas bottle collect gas.Since the gas flow that each interface passes through is smaller, it is by generating bubble, that is, observable
It is no to there is gas to enter in gas bottle, i.e., known to each interface it is whether breakdown, interface occur has channeling when air pressure size can table
Levy the bonding quality at the interface.
The first interface has channeling gas collection mouth also connects the second control valve, third control valve, second by pipeline
Hydraulic gage and the second hydraulic pump, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth also pass through pipeline and are connected to the second control valve and third
On pipeline between control valve, it is convenient by the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth to this
The liquid of certain pressure is inputted in device, while high-pressure gas pipelines are connected to hydraulic pump, can inject a level pressure in cement sheath lower part
The liquid of power squeezes cement sheath (upper and lower pressure be equal, otherwise cement sheath may be subjected to displacement), up and down to simulate underground
Cement sheath is the strata pressure being subject to and dead weight or overlying formation pressure.
Preferably, the thermocouple, pressure gauge, the second hydraulic gage, gas gauge, the first hydraulic gage and
Flowmeter is electrically connected computer, is recorded by computer and analyzed data.
A kind of experimental method of the evaluating apparatus for second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well, includes the following steps：
1) mud cake is prepared：Rock core is dried, is put into rock core vacuum saturation device, vacuumize process is vacuumizing environment
Lower saturation strata drilling liquid forms mud cake, the formation of simulated formation mud cake in core outside surface；
2) it rinses：After mud cake is formed, rock core is put into the device and is fixed, it is normal to be pumped into well cementation by high-pressure gas pipelines
Flushing liquor permeates gas by the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth and rock core body
Collection port outflow, and continue for some time, flushing liquor is bled off later, is changed insulating liquid into and is needed to recycle after a certain period of time according to experiment
Liquid in device is discharged entirely, simulates the effect of flushing liquor and insulating liquid to bed boundary in subsequent construction；Rushing herein
Washing lotion and insulating liquid determine which kind of flushing liquor or insulating liquid selected according to specific requirement of experiment or underground situation；
3) cement sheath is prepared：Removal of core covers rock core cap on rock core, wool pad is put into autoclave body, later by rock core
Be put on the wool pad in autoclave body and fix, to the annular space between rock core and autoclave body at inject cement slurry, cement slurry to be implanted
After, it covers plug, upper ceramic washer and upper end cover and passes through high pressure under the action of the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump
Required pressure when gas pipeline, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth injection cement conservation
Pressure fluid, simulate underground cement ring pressure situation, pressure fluid can be used directly water or neutrality hydraulic oil；Pressure
Force flow body is pumped out by the first hydraulic pump, flows through the first hydraulic gage, and the first control valve enters below cement sheath；Pressure current
Body also passes through the second hydraulic pump and pumps out, and flows through the second hydraulic gage, third control valve door and second contact surface has channeling gas collection
Mouthful and flow through the second hydraulic gage, third control valve door, the second control valve and the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth two
Approach enters above cement sheath；The purpose of injection pressure fluid：Because underground cement ring is by strata pressure, while sheet
Body self weight or overlying formation pressure, thus to simulate this pressure, in this arrangement by the first and second hydraulic pumps to
The top and bottom injection of cement sheath has the fluid of certain pressure (pressure is adjusted according to strata pressure), squeezes cement sheath up and down
(upper and lower pressure be equal, otherwise cement sheath may be subjected to displacement), to simulate the pressure condition that underground cement ring is subject to；Together
When open heating tape be heated to set temperature, according to experiment and actual needs, conserve in a certain temperature conditions, the temperature
Determine that curing time is determined according to the factors such as the characteristic of cement slurry and the ground environment of simulation by the formation temperature for testing simulated
It is fixed, or set according to the requirement of experiment of physical simulation；
4) the special check valve of high-pressure gas pipelines changing-over, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas
Collection port changing-over back-pressure valve, adjustment back-pressure valve until autoclave body internal pressure be cement conservation needed for pressure because inside autoclave body
It is that there are pressure fluids (is injected before to simulate cement sheath maintenance pressure), so the pressure that back-pressure valve, that is, counterbalance valve is born
Power is set to maintenance pressure, and when has channeling occurs, and lower part high pressure gas is altered to top, makes the pressure rise on top, at this time on
The pressure in portion is just greater than the pressure of back-pressure valve, and gas will be flowed out from back-pressure valve, and autoclave body internal pressure reduces, until being equal to setting
Cement sheath conserve pressure value；
5) it is passed through high pressure gas, is gradually increased air pressure, whether observation second contact surface has channeling gas collection bottle has bubble generation
Show the second cementation interface if there is bubble or significant changes occurs in gas atmosphere table with the barometric pressure change of gas
Place has altered logical, and air pressure obtained by gas atmosphere table at this time is that the anti-of the second cementation interface alters pressure size, can characterize the second cementing boundary
The bonding quality in face.
Preferably, in step 1), the time of rock core drying is 45-50h, and the time vacuumized is 6-10h, rock core vacuum
Vacuum degree is not less than 0.1MPa in saturation device, and the time of saturation strata drilling liquid is 6-10h.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1) rock core that the present invention uses is true core, and small volume, overcomes the problem excessive to rock core demand, and
Mud cake can be formed；
2) present invention separated three gases that rock core is likely to occur under pressure alter circulation passage (the first interface,
Second contact surface, rock core itself), the pressure and flow of second contact surface has channeling can be accurately obtained, reaches and matter is glued to second contact surface
The accurate characterization of amount；
3) present invention goes back cocoa and is changed to corrosive fluid for pressure fluid used in cement is conserved, and can be studied using the device
Influence of the fluid corrosiveness to cement sheath anti-channeling ability；
4) present invention can simulate the anti-has channeling experiment of cement sheath under high temperature and pressure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram at rock core cap of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of evaluating apparatus for second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well, including autoclave body 10, autoclave body 10 are internally provided with rock core 11,
Cement sheath 12 is provided between rock core 11 and autoclave body 10；Rock core cap 13,13 lower edge of rock core cap and cement sheath are cased at the top of rock core 11
Gap 14 is provided between 12；11 bottom of rock core is provided with wool pad 15；Cement sheath 12 and autoclave body 10 form the first cementation interface
16, rock core 11 and cement sheath 12 form the second cementation interface 17.Gap 14 escapes second contact surface has channeling gas, in rock core cap 13
The heart has hole and pipeline to be connected with rock core body infiltration gas passage, can separate the gas of second contact surface has channeling and from 11, rock core
The gas that body penetrates.
Influence for simulated formation temperature to 12 cementing strength of cement sheath, 10 lateral surface of autoclave body are closely provided with
Heating mantle 18, heating mantle 18 are internally provided with thermocouple, and 18 lateral surface of heating mantle is closely provided with insulating layer 19.
Upper end cover 20 is partially connected on the autoclave body 10,20 lower part of upper end cover is provided with ceramic washer 50 and upper plug head
22, sealing ring 23, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24, rock core body infiltration 25 and of gas collection mouth are provided on upper plug head 22
Second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth 26；Sealing ring 23 to separate the first, second interface occur has channeling when gas, first
Interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24 is used to collect the first cementation interface 16 that cement sheath 12 and autoclave body 10 are formed and ease when has channeling occurs
Gas out, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth 25 is for collecting the gas that rock core itself penetrates, second contact surface has channeling gas
Collection port 26 is used to collect the second cementation interface 17 that rock core 11 and cement sheath 12 are formed and escaping gas when has channeling, the dress occurs
In setting, the gas that the first interface 16, second contact surface 17 and rock core 11 penetrate in itself is individually separated, and can accurately know
Pressure and flow when second interface generation has channeling.
The lower part connection lower cover 27 of the autoclave body 10,27 upper surface of lower cover is successively closely provided with lower ceramic washer
28, the gap location of lower head 29 and lower end cap 30, lower end cap 30 and autoclave body 10 is provided with graphite packing 31, and graphite packing 31 guarantees
Sealing performance, for lower ceramic washer 28 to heat-insulated, 30 central axes direction of lower end cap is provided with high-pressure gas pipelines 32, passes through high pressure
Gas pipeline 32 inputs pressure-air or high-pressure fluid to the device；Air drain was provided between lower end cap 30 and cement sheath 12
33, the high pressure gas inputted by high-pressure gas pipelines 32 assigns to rock core 11, cement sheath with air drain 33 is crossed by wool pad 15
Underground has channeling condition is simulated in 12 lower part.
The high-pressure gas pipelines 32 connect two pipelines：First is that connecting gas gauge by special check valve 34
35, gas pressure maintaining valve 36 and source nitrogen 37, second is that it is hydraulic to connect the first hydraulic gage 39 and first by the first control valve 38
Pump 40；First pipeline is for being filled with the nitrogen with certain pressure to the device, for testing the bonding quality at each interface；
Article 2 pipeline was formed as inside cleaning device with cement sheath 12 for being filled with the fluid with certain pressure to the device
It conserves and uses in journey.
First interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth 25 and the second contact surface has channeling gas
Body collection port 26 connects the first interface has channeling gas collection bottle 41 by pipeline respectively, rock core body permeates gas collection bottle 42 and the
Second interface has channeling gas collection bottle 43；Along gas flow direction, back-pressure valve 44,45 and of pressure gauge are disposed on each pipeline
Flowmeter 46；When has channeling occurs for gas, escapes on gas and escaped from nearest gas collection mouth, pass through corresponding back-pressure valve
44, uninterrupted is recorded through flowmeter 46 and gas is collected by each gas bottle.
Pass through the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24 and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth 26 for convenience to the dress
The liquid of middle input certain pressure is set, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24 also connects the second control valve by pipeline
47, third control valve 48, the second hydraulic gage 49 and the second hydraulic pump 51, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth 26 also pass through
Pipeline is connected on the pipeline between the second control valve 47 and third control valve 48.
In order to improve characterization precision, the present invention is recorded and is analyzed data, thermocouple, pressure gauge 45, second using computer
Hydraulic gage 49, gas gauge 35, the first hydraulic gage 39 and flowmeter 46 are electrically connected computer.
Embodiment 2：
Using a kind of experimental method of the evaluating apparatus for second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well described in embodiment 1, including such as
Lower step：
1) mud cake is prepared：Rock core 11 is dried, is put into rock core vacuum saturation device, vacuumize process is vacuumizing ring
Strata drilling liquid is saturated under border, in the formation of core outside surface simulated formation mud cake；
2) it rinses：After mud cake is formed, rock core 11 is put into the device and is fixed, is pumped by high-pressure gas pipelines 32 solid
The common flushing liquor of well, by the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth 26 and rock core body
It permeates gas collection mouth 25 to flow out, and continues for some time, bleed off flushing liquor later, change insulating liquid into and need to recycle according to experiment
The liquid in device is discharged entirely after a certain period of time, simulates in subsequent construction flushing liquor and insulating liquid to the work of bed boundary
With；
3) cement sheath 12 is prepared：Removal of core 11 covers rock core cap 13 on rock core 11, is put into wool pad in autoclave body 10
15, it on wool pad 15 that rock core 11 is put into autoclave body 10 and will fix later, at the annular space between rock core 11 and autoclave body 10
It injects cement slurry (cement slurry height floods 2~4cm of sealing ring just), after cement slurry to be implanted, covers plug 20, upper pottery
Porcelain washer 50 and upper end cover 22 pass through high-pressure gas pipelines 32, under the action of the first hydraulic pump 40 and the second hydraulic pump 51
One interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24 and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth 26 inject the pressure of required pressure when cement conservation
Fluid opens simultaneously heating tape 18 and is heated to set temperature, according to experiment and actual needs, supports in a certain temperature conditions
Shield；
4) the special check valve 34 of 32 changing-over of high-pressure gas pipelines, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth 24 and second contact surface gas
26 changing-over back-pressure valve 44 of gas blowby body collection port, adjustment back-pressure valve 44 until 10 internal pressure of autoclave body be cement conservation needed for press
Power；
5) it is passed through high pressure gas, is gradually increased air pressure, whether observation second contact surface has channeling gas collection bottle 43 has bubble production
The raw and barometric pressure change of gas shows that second is cementing if there is bubble or significant changes occurs in gas atmosphere table 35
Interface altered it is logical, 35 gained air pressure of gas atmosphere table at this time be the anti-of the second cementation interface alter pressure size, second can be characterized
The bonding quality of cementation interface.
Wherein, in step 1), the time of rock core drying is 48h, and the time vacuumized is rock core vacuum saturation dress for 24 hours
Middle vacuum degree is set not less than 0.1MPa, the time of saturation strata drilling liquid is for 24 hours.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, the above embodiment is merely an example for clearly illustrating the present invention, and simultaneously
The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also do on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of variations or variation out.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus drawn
The obvious changes or variations that Shen goes out are still in the protection scope of this invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of evaluating apparatus for second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well, which is characterized in that including autoclave body, autoclave body is internally provided with rock
The heart is provided with cement sheath between rock core and autoclave body；It is cased with rock core cap at the top of rock core, is provided between rock core cap lower edge and cement sheath
Gap；Rock core bottom is provided with wool pad；Cement sheath lateral surface and autoclave body medial surface closely form the first interface has channeling channel, rock
Facies lateralis cordis and cement sheath medial surface closely form second contact surface has channeling channel；
The autoclave body lateral surface is closely provided with heating mantle, and heating mantle is internally provided with thermocouple, and heating mantle lateral surface is close
It is provided with insulating layer；
Upper end cover is partially connected on the autoclave body, upper end cover lower part is provided with upper plug head and upper ceramic washer, sets on upper plug head
It is equipped with sealing ring, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas collection
Mouthful；
Partially connect lower cover under the autoclave body, lower end cap upper surface be successively closely provided with lower ceramic washer, lower head and
The gap location of lower end cap, lower end cap and autoclave body is provided with graphite packing, and lower end cap central axes direction is provided with high-pressure gas pipelines,
Air drain was provided between lower end cap and cement sheath；
The high-pressure gas pipelines connect two pipelines：First is that connecting gas gauge, gas pressure stabilizing by special check valve
Valve and source nitrogen, second is that connecting the first hydraulic gage and the first hydraulic pump by the first control valve；
First interface has channeling gas collection mouth, rock core body infiltration gas collection mouth and the second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth
The first interface has channeling gas collection bottle is connected by pipeline respectively, rock core body permeates gas collection bottle and second contact surface has channeling gas
Gas bottle；Along gas flow direction, back-pressure valve, pressure gauge and flowmeter are disposed on each pipeline；
The first interface has channeling gas collection mouth also connects the second control valve, third control valve, second hydraulic by pipeline
Pressure gauge and the second hydraulic pump, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth also pass through pipeline and are connected to the second control valve and third control
On pipeline between valve.
2. a kind of evaluating apparatus of second contact surface bonding quality of cementing the well as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat
Galvanic couple, pressure gauge, the second hydraulic gage, gas gauge, the first hydraulic gage and flowmeter are electrically connected computer.
3. a kind of experimental method of the evaluating apparatus using well cementation second contact surface bonding quality as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, described method includes following steps：
1) mud cake is prepared：Rock core is dried, is put into rock core vacuum saturation device, vacuumize process, is satisfied in the case where vacuumizing environment
With strata drilling liquid, in the formation of core outside surface simulated formation mud cake；
2) it rinses：After mud cake is formed, rock core is put into the device and is fixed, it is common to be pumped into well cementation by high-pressure gas pipelines
Flushing liquor permeates gas collection by the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth, second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth and rock core body
Mouth outflow, and continue for some time, flushing liquor is bled off later, is changed insulating liquid into and is needed to recycle after a certain period of time according to experiment by dress
Liquid in setting discharges entirely, simulates the effect of flushing liquor and insulating liquid to bed boundary in subsequent construction；
3) cement sheath is prepared：Removal of core covers rock core cap on rock core, and wool pad is put into autoclave body, is later put into rock core
On wool pad in autoclave body and fix, to the annular space between rock core and autoclave body at inject cement slurry, cement slurry to be implanted finishes
Afterwards, plug, upper ceramic washer and upper end cover are covered and passes through high pressure gas under the action of the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump
The pressure of required pressure when pipeline, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas collection mouth injection cement conservation
Force flow body opens simultaneously heating tape and is heated to set temperature, according to experiment and actual needs, supports in a certain temperature conditions
Protect appropriate time；
4) the special check valve of high-pressure gas pipelines changing-over, the first interface has channeling gas collection mouth and second contact surface has channeling gas collection
Mouthful changing-over back-pressure valve adjusts back-pressure valve, sets the pressure of back-pressure valve as autoclave body internal pressure, i.e. pressure needed for cement conservation；
5) it is passed through high pressure gas by high-pressure gas pipelines, is gradually increased air pressure, whether is observation second contact surface has channeling gas collection bottle
There is bubble to generate and the barometric pressure change of gas, if there is bubble or significant changes occurs in gas atmosphere table, shows the
Alter logical at two cementation interfaces, air pressure obtained by gas atmosphere table at this time is that the anti-of the second cementation interface alters pressure size, can be characterized
The bonding quality of second cementation interface.
4. experimental method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 1）In, the time of rock core drying is 45-50h,
The time vacuumized is 6-10h, and vacuum degree is not less than 0.1MPa in rock core vacuum saturation device, is saturated the time of strata drilling liquid
For 6-10h.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN107725030B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-05-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for evaluating two-interface maintenance and cementing quality of well cementation under disturbance of formation water |
| CN109142192B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-12-27 | 成都理工大学 | Visual special-shaped well cementation two-interface cementing quality testing system |
| CN111622743B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-01-25 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Tiltable and eccentric cementing second interface cementing quality evaluation method |
| CN112065364B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Well cementation performance determining device |
| CN111175208A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-19 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Drilling fluid mud cake permeability evaluation device and method |
| CN113310772B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Sample preparation method for testing shearing strength parameter of second interface of well cementation |
| CN113532990B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-11-14 | 西南石油大学 | Preparation method of compact sandstone oil displacement core with argillaceous interlayer |
| CN113899889B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-15 | 成都理工大学 | Device and method for monitoring cement paste gel strength of visual retaining wall |
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