CN111720109B - Dry gas well production simulation device and method based on fixed-yield production - Google Patents
Dry gas well production simulation device and method based on fixed-yield production Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry gas well production simulation device and method based on fixed-yield production, which can perform physical simulation on a dry gas well gas production rule to obtain the dry gas well gas production rule. Including first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, first control valve, middle container, second control valve, first rock core holder, third control valve, air-vent valve, second rock core holder, backpressure valve, flowmeter of establishing ties in proper order, have connected gradually fourth control valve, nitrogen gas cylinder through three way connection between middle container, the second control valve, first rock core holder carries out temperature control through heating system, and first rock core holder sets up the confining pressure through confining pressure system, second rock core holder sets up the confining pressure through confining pressure automatic tracking pump, the backpressure valve sets up the backpressure through second constant-speed constant-pressure pump, and both ends between the first rock core holder, the both ends of second rock core holder are equipped with pressure sensor respectively for pressure tracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation experiments, and mainly relates to a physical simulation device and a physical simulation method for simulating gas production rule of a gas well indoors under the condition of a fixed-yield production system.
Background
The conventional gas well yield decreasing rule is mainly researched by using a gas reservoir engineering method or a numerical simulation method based on the existing production data, and the conventional gas well yield determining method mainly refers to the similar gas wells, and the gas wells with the same gas reservoir basically use the same yield determining standard. However, the actual production of the gas well has unidirectional characteristics (production cannot be reproduced and parameters cannot be reset), so that the difference between the actual production and the optimal production of the gas well is too large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a dry gas well production simulation device and method based on fixed-yield production, which can perform physical simulation on a dry gas well gas production rule to obtain the dry gas well gas production rule.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a dry gas well production analogue means based on fixed production volume production, is including the first constant speed constant pressure pump, first control valve, middle container, second control valve, first rock core holder, third control valve, air-vent valve, second rock core holder, back pressure valve, the flowmeter of establishing ties in proper order, have connected gradually fourth control valve, nitrogen gas cylinder through three way connection between middle container, the second control valve, first rock core holder carries out temperature control through heating system, and first rock core holder sets up the confining pressure through confining pressure system, second rock core holder sets up the confining pressure through confining pressure automatic tracking pump, the back pressure valve sets up the back pressure through second constant speed constant pressure pump, and both ends between the first rock core holder, the both ends of second rock core holder are equipped with pressure sensor respectively for pressure tracking.
Preferably, the first core holder is connected with a first pressure gauge, and the second core holder is connected with a second pressure gauge for detecting confining pressure.
Preferably, the flowmeter and each pressure sensor are respectively connected with the data acquisition system and used for acquiring pressure data and flow data.
Preferably, a tracking pipeline of the confining pressure automatic tracking pump is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder and used for tracking the pressure of the inlet end of the second core holder.
Preferably, a fifth control valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first core holder and the confining pressure system and used for stabilizing the confining pressure.
A method for simulating production of a dry gas well based on fixed-volume production comprises the following steps:
preparing a first core and a second core from the target layer tight sandstone, loading the first core into a first core holder, and loading the second core into a second core holder;
starting a heating system and a confining pressure system, simulating an external environment of a target layer in the first rock core holder, and setting the formation pressure of the target layer as P;
closing the first control valve and the second control valve, opening the fourth control valve, filling enough nitrogen into the intermediate container, and then closing the fourth control valve;
opening a first control valve and a second control valve, starting a first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, filling nitrogen into the first core holder, and after the pressure P is reached, closing the first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the first control valve and the second control valve in sequence until the pressure is stable;
adjusting the pressure regulating valve according to the required production pressure difference, reducing the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder, wherein after the air pressure is reduced, the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder is P 1 The pressure of the outlet end of the second rock core holder is P 2 ；
Setting differential pressure by using confining pressure automatic tracking pump to track gas pressure P at inlet end of second core holder 1 Further automatically converting to generate confining pressure;
according to the waste pressure of the gas layer, a second constant-speed constant-pressure pump is utilized to give a back pressure P to the back pressure valve 3 Opening a third control valve, adjusting a pressure regulating valve to start to simulate production, monitoring the change curve of the pressure at two ends of the first core holder and the second core holder along with the time by using a pressure sensor, and synchronously monitoring the change curve of the gas flow in the flowmeter along with the time until the production is finished;
the differential pressure of the system production is delta P ═ P 1 -P 3 When P is>P 1 The gas well production simulation system is in a stable production stage, and when P is P 1 Then, the gas well production simulation system begins to change from a stable production stage to a decreasing stage, and P are at the moment 1 While decreasing, when P ═ P 1 ＝P 3 And stopping the simulation production of the gas well production simulation system.
Preferably, the preparation method of the first core and the second core comprises the following steps: and drying the core to constant weight, placing the core in a cooler, cooling the core to room temperature, measuring the length and the diameter of the core, wherein the permeability of the second core is lower than that of the first core.
Preferably, the first core holder and the second core holder are pre-filled with gas before production is simulated so as to ensure the continuity of experimental data.
Preferably, the gas production rule of the dry gas well is obtained by changing the production pressure difference and carrying out production simulation for multiple times.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the physical simulation device and the physical simulation method provided by the invention are mainly based on the production characteristics of a dry gas well and the physical characteristics of a gas reservoir, and the reservoir core or the artificial core is used for simulating the gas reservoir under the conditions of indoor simulation of the temperature, the pressure and the like of the reservoir; based on the automatic pressure tracking control technology, the yield control device in the experimental process simulates a gas well wellhead throttling device; the rules presented by the experimental test data can be analyzed using existing yield decrement and pressure decrement analysis methods.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) compared with the traditional gas well production allocation method which carries out theoretical calculation by simplifying a stratum seepage process and establishing a model, the method is based on the process of gas output of the tight sandstone gas layer, so that the condition of gas output of the reservoir is reduced more truly, and the production allocation error is reduced;
(2) by utilizing a similar principle, a bridge of an indoor experimental result and mine field production data is established, and the reasonable production allocation on the site can be guided;
(3) the operation process is simple, and the economic cost is low;
(4) strong pertinence, good repeatability and convenient long-time experiment development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2-5 are graphs showing the results of simulation production experiments.
1. The system comprises a nitrogen gas cylinder, 2, 5, 7, 13 and 17 control valves, 3, 8, 15 and 25 three-way joints, 4 intermediate containers, 6 and 26 constant-speed and constant-pressure pumps, 9, 16, 20 and 24 pressure sensors, 10 first core holders, 11 and 21 pressure gauges, 12 heating systems, 14 confining pressure systems, 18 pressure regulating valves, 19 four-way joints, 22 second core holders, 23 confining pressure automatic tracking pumps, 27 back pressure valves, 28 flow meters and 29 data acquisition systems.
Detailed Description
A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant-yield production comprises a first constant-speed constant-pressure pump 6, a first control valve 5, an intermediate container 4, a second control valve 7, a first core holder 10(38mm core holder), a third control valve 17, a pressure regulating valve 18, a second core holder 22(25mm core holder), a back pressure valve 27 and a flowmeter 28 which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a fourth control valve 2 and a nitrogen gas cylinder 1 are sequentially connected between the intermediate container 4 and the second control valve 7 through a three-way joint 3, the first core holder 10 is subjected to temperature control through a heating system 12, the first core holder 10 is provided with confining pressure through a confining pressure system 14, the confining pressure system 14 adopts a conventional confining pressure system, the second core holder 22 is provided with confining pressure through a confining pressure automatic tracking pump 23, and the automatic tracking pump is selected to set the pressure difference because the pressure is required to be regulated, the pressure at the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve is slightly unstable, and the pressure difference between the confining pressure and the inlet end of the second core holder can be more conveniently regulated by using the automatic tracking pump, and meanwhile, the influence of the stress sensitivity effect is eliminated. The pressure can be more conveniently controlled by using the automatic tracking pump so as to better maintain stable yield. The back pressure valve 27 is provided with back pressure through the second constant-speed constant-pressure pump 26, and pressure sensors are respectively arranged at two ends of the first core holder 10 and two ends of the second core holder 22 and used for pressure tracking.
A trace line of the confining pressure automatic trace pump 23 is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder 22, and is used for tracing the pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22. The first core holder 10 is connected with a first pressure gauge 11, and the second core holder 22 is connected with a second pressure gauge 21 and used for detecting confining pressure. And a fifth control valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the first core holder 10 and the confining pressure system 14 and used for stabilizing the confining pressure. The confining pressure is very high in the experimental process, when the hand pump is driven to the head and needs to suck liquid again, the valve 13 should be closed, when the liquid sucking is finished and pressurization is continued, the fifth control valve 13 is kept closed, the pressure of the confining pressure pump is increased to be basically equal to the confining pressure of the clamp holder, and then the fifth control valve 13 is opened to continue increasing the confining pressure of the clamp holder. The reduction of the pressure of the pump body after the hand pump absorbs liquid is prevented, so that the confining pressure of the clamp holder is reduced along with the reduction of the pressure, and the confining pressure is stabilized. The flowmeter 28 and the pressure sensors are respectively connected with the data acquisition system 29 and used for acquiring pressure data and flow data.
A method for simulating production of a dry gas well based on fixed-volume production comprises the following steps:
preparing a first core and a second core from the target layer tight sandstone, loading the first core into a first core holder 10, and loading the second core into a second core holder 22; the preparation method of the first core and the second core comprises the following steps: and drying the core at 100 ℃ to constant weight, placing the core in a cooler, cooling the core to room temperature, and measuring the length and the diameter of the core to enable the core to be adapted to the core holder. And the permeability of the second core is lower than that of the first core so as to correspond to the required pressure, and the second core is selected according to the deflation speed.
Before production is simulated, the first core holder 10 and the second core holder 22 are pre-filled with gas to ensure the continuity of experimental data.
Starting a heating system 12 and a confining pressure system 14, simulating the external environment of a target layer in the first core holder 10, and setting the formation pressure of the target layer as P;
closing the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 7, opening the fourth control valve 2, filling enough nitrogen into the intermediate container 4, and closing the fourth control valve 2;
opening a first control valve 5 and a second control valve 7, starting a first constant-speed constant-pressure pump 6, filling nitrogen into a first core holder 10, and after the pressure P is reached, sequentially closing the first constant-speed constant-pressure pump 6, the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 7 until the pressure is stable;
adjusting the pressure regulating valve 18 according to the required production pressure difference, reducing the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22, and after the pressure is reduced, the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22 is P 1 The pressure at the outlet end of the second core holder 22 is P 2 ；
Setting a pressure difference by using an automatic confining pressure tracking pump 23, tracking the gas pressure P1 at the inlet end of the second core holder 22, and further automatically converting to generate confining pressure;
according to the waste pressure of the air layer, a back pressure P is given to a back pressure valve 27 by a second constant-speed constant-pressure pump 26 3 Opening a third control valve 17, adjusting a pressure regulating valve 18 to start to simulate production, monitoring the change curve of the pressure at two ends of the first core holder 10 and the second core holder 22 along with the time by using pressure sensors 9, 16, 20 and 24 respectively, and synchronously monitoring the change curve of the gas flow in a flowmeter 28 along with the time until the production is finished;
the differential pressure of the system production is delta P ═ P 1 -P 3 When P is>P 1 The gas well production simulation system is in a stable production stage, and when P is P 1 Then, the gas well production simulation system begins to change from a stable production stage to a decreasing stage, and P are at the moment 1 While decreasing, when P ═ P 1 ＝P 3 And stopping simulating production by the gas well production simulation system.
And the gas production rule of the dry gas well is obtained by changing the production pressure difference and carrying out production simulation for multiple times.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The dry gas well production simulation method based on fixed-yield production is characterized by comprising a dry gas well production simulation device based on fixed-yield production, wherein the dry gas well production simulation device based on fixed-yield production comprises a first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, a first control valve, an intermediate container, a second control valve, a first core holder, a third control valve, a pressure regulating valve, a second core holder, a back pressure valve and a flowmeter which are sequentially connected in series, a fourth control valve and a nitrogen gas cylinder are sequentially connected between the intermediate container and the second control valve through a three-way joint, the first core holder is subjected to temperature control through a heating system, the first core holder is subjected to confining pressure through a confining pressure system, the second core holder is subjected to confining pressure through a confining pressure automatic tracking pump, the back pressure valve is subjected to back pressure through the second constant-speed constant-pressure pump, and two ends, namely two ends, between the first core holders, Two ends of the second rock core holder are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensors are used for pressure tracking;
preparing a first core and a second core from the target layer tight sandstone, loading the first core into a first core holder, and loading the second core into a second core holder;
starting a heating system and a confining pressure system, simulating an external environment of a target layer in the first rock core holder, and setting the formation pressure of the target layer as P;
closing the first control valve and the second control valve, opening the fourth control valve, filling enough nitrogen into the intermediate container, and then closing the fourth control valve;
opening a first control valve and a second control valve, starting a first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, filling nitrogen into the first core holder, and after the pressure P is reached, closing the first constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the first control valve and the second control valve in sequence until the pressure is stable;
adjusting a pressure regulating valve according to the required production pressure difference, reducing the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder, wherein after the air pressure is reduced, the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder is P1, and the pressure at the outlet end of the second core holder is P2;
setting a pressure difference by using an automatic confining pressure tracking pump, tracking the gas pressure P1 at the inlet end of the second core holder, and further automatically converting to generate confining pressure;
according to the waste pressure of the gas layer, a second constant-speed constant-pressure pump is used for giving a back pressure P3 to a back pressure valve, a third control valve is opened, a pressure regulating valve is regulated to start to simulate production, a pressure sensor is used for monitoring the change curve of the pressure at the two ends of the first core holder and the second core holder along with the time, and the change curve of the gas flow in the flowmeter along with the time is synchronously monitored until the production is finished;
the system production pressure difference is P1-P3, when P is more than P1, the gas well production simulation system is in a stable production stage, when P is P1, the gas well production simulation system starts to change from the stable production stage to a decreasing stage, P and P1 decrease simultaneously, and when P is P1 is P3, the gas well production simulation system stops simulating production.
2. The production simulation method for the dry gas well based on the fixed-yield production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first core holder is connected with a first pressure gauge, the second core holder is connected with a second pressure gauge, and the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are used for detecting confining pressure.
3. The method of simulating dry gas well production based on fixed-volume production according to claim 1, wherein: the flowmeter and the pressure sensors are respectively connected with the data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring pressure data and flow data.
4. The method of simulating dry gas well production according to claim 1, wherein: and a tracking pipeline of the confining pressure automatic tracking pump is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder, and the confining pressure automatic tracking pump is used for tracking the pressure of the inlet end of the second core holder.
5. The method of simulating dry gas well production based on fixed-volume production according to claim 1, wherein: and a fifth control valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first rock core holder and the confining pressure system and used for stabilizing the confining pressure.
6. The method of simulating dry gas well production based on fixed-volume production according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the first core and the second core comprises the following steps: and drying the core to constant weight, placing the core in a cooler, cooling the core to room temperature, measuring the length and the diameter of the core, wherein the permeability of the second core is lower than that of the first core.
7. The method of simulating dry gas well production based on fixed-volume production according to claim 1, wherein: before production is simulated, the first core holder and the second core holder are pre-filled with gas so as to ensure the continuity of experimental data.
8. The method of simulating dry gas well production based on fixed-volume production according to claim 1, wherein: and the gas production rule of the dry gas well is obtained by changing the production pressure difference and carrying out production simulation for multiple times.
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| 龙凤山特低孔特低渗凝析气藏反凝析伤害实验研究;张冲等;《西安石油大学学报(自然科学版)》;20200325(第02期);全文 * |
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