CN111720109A - A dry gas well production simulation device and method based on constant production - Google Patents

A dry gas well production simulation device and method based on constant production Download PDF

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CN111720109A
CN111720109A CN202010618882.3A CN202010618882A CN111720109A CN 111720109 A CN111720109 A CN 111720109A CN 202010618882 A CN202010618882 A CN 202010618882A CN 111720109 A CN111720109 A CN 111720109A
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CN111720109B (en
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杨威
李志军
陈中华
向祖平
刘忠华
姜柏材
丁洋洋
程泽华
唐欢
常小龙
王子怡
张涵
何琚瑜
胡钟文
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06Measuring temperature or pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置及方法,可以进行干气井产气规律物理模拟,得到干气井产气规律。包括依次串联的第一恒速恒压泵、第一控制阀、中间容器、第二控制阀、第一岩心夹持器、第三控制阀、调压阀、第二岩心夹持器、回压阀、流量计,所述中间容器、第二控制阀之间通过三通接头依次连接有第四控制阀、氮气气瓶,所述第一岩心夹持器通过加热系统进行温度控制,第一岩心夹持器通过围压系统设置围压,所述第二岩心夹持器通过围压自动跟踪泵设置围压,所述回压阀通过第二恒速恒压泵设置回压,第一岩心夹持器之间的两端、第二岩心夹持器的两端分别设有压力传感器,用于压力追踪。

Figure 202010618882

The invention discloses a dry gas well production simulation device and method based on constant production production, which can carry out physical simulation of the gas production law of the dry gas well and obtain the gas production law of the dry gas well. Including the first constant speed and constant pressure pump, the first control valve, the intermediate container, the second control valve, the first core holder, the third control valve, the pressure regulating valve, the second core holder, the back pressure valve and flowmeter, a fourth control valve and a nitrogen gas cylinder are sequentially connected between the intermediate container and the second control valve through a three-way joint, the temperature of the first core holder is controlled by a heating system, and the first core The gripper sets the confining pressure through the confining pressure system, the second core holder sets the confining pressure through the confining pressure automatic tracking pump, the back pressure valve sets the back pressure through the second constant speed and constant pressure pump, and the first core clamp sets the confining pressure through the confining pressure system. The two ends between the holders and the two ends of the second core holder are respectively provided with pressure sensors for pressure tracking.

Figure 202010618882

Description

一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置及方法A dry gas well production simulation device and method based on constant output production

技术领域technical field

本发明属于油气开采实验技术领域,主要涉及一种室内模拟在定产量生产制度条件下气井产气规律的物理模拟装置和方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation experiments, and mainly relates to a physical simulation device and method for indoor simulation of the gas production law of a gas well under the condition of a constant production production system.

背景技术Background technique

传统气井产量的递减规律主要是基于已有的生产数据使用气藏工程的方法或者数值模拟的方法进行研究,传统气井产量的确定方法主要是对同类气井的借鉴,相同气藏的气井基本使用相同的产量确定标准。但是,由于实际气井生产具有单向性(生产不能重现,参数不能重置),导致气井实际产量与最佳产量之间差异过大。The production decline law of traditional gas wells is mainly studied based on the existing production data using the method of gas reservoir engineering or numerical simulation. The method of determining the production of traditional gas wells is mainly based on the reference of similar gas wells, and the gas wells in the same gas reservoir basically use the same method. yield determination standard. However, due to the unidirectionality of actual gas well production (production cannot be reproduced and parameters cannot be reset), the difference between the actual well production and the optimal production is too large.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置及方法,可以进行干气井产气规律物理模拟,得到干气井产气规律。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a dry gas well production simulation device and method based on constant production production, which can perform physical simulation of the gas production law of dry gas wells to obtain the gas production law of dry gas wells.

本发明的目的是这样实现的:The object of the present invention is achieved in this way:

一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,包括依次串联的第一恒速恒压泵、第一控制阀、中间容器、第二控制阀、第一岩心夹持器、第三控制阀、调压阀、第二岩心夹持器、回压阀、流量计,所述中间容器、第二控制阀之间通过三通接头依次连接有第四控制阀、氮气气瓶,所述第一岩心夹持器通过加热系统进行温度控制,第一岩心夹持器通过围压系统设置围压,所述第二岩心夹持器通过围压自动跟踪泵设置围压,所述回压阀通过第二恒速恒压泵设置回压,第一岩心夹持器之间的两端、第二岩心夹持器的两端分别设有压力传感器,用于压力追踪。A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant output production, comprising a first constant speed and constant pressure pump, a first control valve, an intermediate container, a second control valve, a first core holder, a third control valve, A pressure regulating valve, a second core holder, a back pressure valve, and a flow meter. A fourth control valve and a nitrogen gas cylinder are sequentially connected between the intermediate container and the second control valve through a three-way joint. The first core The temperature of the holder is controlled by the heating system, the confining pressure of the first core holder is set by the confining pressure system, the confining pressure of the second core holder is set by the confining pressure automatic tracking pump, and the back pressure valve is set by the second The constant speed and constant pressure pump is provided with back pressure, and the two ends between the first core holder and the two ends of the second core holder are respectively provided with pressure sensors for pressure tracking.

优选地,所述第一岩心夹持器连接第一压力表,所述第二岩心夹持器连接第二压力表,用于检测围压。Preferably, the first core holder is connected to a first pressure gauge, and the second core holder is connected to a second pressure gauge for detecting confining pressure.

优选地,还包括数据采集系统,所述流量计以及各压力传感器分别与数据采集系统连接,用于采集压力数据、流量数据。Preferably, a data acquisition system is also included, wherein the flowmeter and each pressure sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition system for collecting pressure data and flow data.

优选地,围压自动跟踪泵的跟踪管线连接于第二岩心夹持器的进口端,用于追踪第二岩心夹持器的进口端压力。Preferably, the tracking pipeline of the automatic confining pressure tracking pump is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder for tracking the pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder.

优选地,所述第一岩心夹持器、围压系统之间的管路上设置第五控制阀,用于稳定围压。Preferably, a fifth control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the first core holder and the confining pressure system to stabilize the confining pressure.

一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,包括:A dry gas well production simulation method based on constant production production, comprising:

取目的层致密砂岩制备第一岩心、第二岩心,并将第一岩心装入第一岩心夹持器中,将第二岩心装入第二岩心夹持器中;The tight sandstone of the target layer is taken to prepare the first core and the second core, and the first core is loaded into the first core holder, and the second core is loaded into the second core holder;

启动加热系统、围压系统,在第一岩心夹持器内模拟目的层的外环境,设目的层的地层压力为P;Start the heating system and the confining pressure system, simulate the external environment of the target layer in the first core holder, and set the formation pressure of the target layer to be P;

关闭第一控制阀和第二控制阀,打开第四控制阀,向中间容器中充入足量氮气,再关闭第四控制阀;Close the first control valve and the second control valve, open the fourth control valve, fill a sufficient amount of nitrogen into the intermediate container, and then close the fourth control valve;

打开第一控制阀和第二控制阀,启动第一恒速恒压泵,向第一岩心夹持器中充入氮气,待达到压力P后,依次关闭第一恒速恒压泵,第一控制阀和第二控制阀,直至压力稳定;Open the first control valve and the second control valve, start the first constant speed and constant pressure pump, and fill the first core holder with nitrogen gas. When the pressure P is reached, turn off the first constant speed and constant pressure pump in turn. control valve and second control valve until the pressure stabilizes;

根据所需生产压差调节调压阀,对第二岩心夹持器进口端气压进行减压,减压后,第二岩心夹持器进口端的气体压力为P1,第二岩心夹持器出口端压力为P2Adjust the pressure regulating valve according to the required production pressure difference to decompress the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder. After decompression, the gas pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder is P 1 , and the outlet of the second core holder The end pressure is P 2 ;

利用围压自动跟踪泵设置压差,跟踪第二岩心夹持器进口端气体压力P1,进而自动变换产生围压;Use the confining pressure automatic tracking pump to set the pressure difference, track the gas pressure P 1 at the inlet end of the second core holder, and then automatically transform to generate the confining pressure;

根据气层废弃压力,利用第二恒速恒压泵对回压阀给定回压P3,打开第三控制阀,调节调压阀开始模拟生产,用压力传感器监测第一岩心夹持器与第二岩心夹持器两端压力随时间的变化曲线,并同步监测流量计中气体流量随时间的变化曲线,直至生产结束;According to the waste pressure of the gas layer, the second constant speed and constant pressure pump is used to give a back pressure P 3 to the back pressure valve, the third control valve is opened, the pressure regulating valve is adjusted to start simulating production, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the relationship between the first core holder and the first core holder. The variation curve of the pressure at both ends of the second core holder with time, and the variation curve of the gas flow rate with time in the flowmeter is monitored synchronously until the end of production;

系统生产压差为ΔP=P1-P3,当P>P1,气井生产模拟系统为稳产阶段,当P=P1时,气井生产模拟系统开始由稳产阶段转为递减阶段,此时P与P1同时降低,当P=P1=P3时,气井生产模拟系统停止模拟生产。The system production pressure difference is ΔP=P 1 -P 3 . When P>P 1 , the gas well production simulation system is in the stable production stage. When P=P 1 , the gas well production simulation system begins to change from the stable production stage to the declining stage. At this time, P At the same time as P 1 decreases, when P=P 1 =P 3 , the gas well production simulation system stops simulating production.

优选地,第一岩心、第二岩心的制备方法为:将岩心烘干至恒重,再放置冷却器中,冷却至室温,测量岩心的长度和直径,第二岩心的渗透率低于第一岩心的渗透率。Preferably, the preparation method of the first core and the second core is as follows: drying the core to a constant weight, placing it in a cooler, cooling to room temperature, measuring the length and diameter of the core, and the permeability of the second core is lower than that of the first core Core permeability.

优选地,模拟生产之前,将第一岩心夹持器、第二岩心夹持器预填充气体以保证实验数据的连续性。Preferably, before simulating production, the first core holder and the second core holder are pre-filled with gas to ensure the continuity of experimental data.

优选地,通过改变生产压差,多次进行生产模拟,得到该干气井产气规律。Preferably, the gas production law of the dry gas well is obtained by changing the production pressure difference and performing production simulation for many times.

由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明具有如下有益效果:Owing to adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明提供的物理模拟装置及方法主要是基于干气井的生产特征和气藏的物性特征,在室内模拟储层的温度和压力等条件下,使用储层岩心或人造岩心模拟气藏储层;基于压力自动跟踪控制技术,发明实验过程中的产量控制装置模拟气井井口节流装置;使用现有产量递减和压力递减分析方法,可以分析实验测试数据呈现出来的规律。The physical simulation device and method provided by the present invention are mainly based on the production characteristics of dry gas wells and the physical properties of gas reservoirs, and use reservoir cores or artificial cores to simulate gas reservoirs under the conditions of indoor simulated reservoir temperature and pressure; The pressure automatic tracking control technology is invented to simulate the wellhead throttling device of the gas well during the experimental process; the existing production decline and pressure decline analysis methods can be used to analyze the laws presented by the experimental test data.

本发明的优点主要有:The advantages of the present invention mainly include:

(1)与传统的经过简化地层渗流过程建立模型进行理论计算的气井配产方法相比,本发明基于致密砂岩气层气体产出的过程,更加真实的还原储层气体产出的条件,减小了配产误差;(1) Compared with the traditional gas well production allocation method in which a model is established by simplifying the formation seepage process for theoretical calculation, the present invention is based on the gas production process of the tight sandstone gas layer, which more realistically reduces the conditions for reservoir gas production and reduces the Less production error;

(2)利用相似原理,建立起了室内实验结果与矿场生产数据的桥梁,可以指导现场的合理配产;(2) Using the similarity principle, a bridge between the results of indoor experiments and the production data of the mine is established, which can guide the rational allocation of production on site;

(3)操作工艺简单,经济成本低;(3) The operation process is simple and the economic cost is low;

(4)针对性强、重复性好,便于长时间地开展实验。(4) It has strong pertinence and good repeatability, which is convenient to carry out experiments for a long time.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2-图5为模拟生产实验结果图。Figures 2-5 are the results of the simulated production experiments.

1.氮气气瓶,2、5、7、13、17.控制阀,3、8、15、25.三通接头,4.中间容器,6、26.恒速恒压泵,9、16、20、24.压力传感器,10.第一岩心夹持器,11、21.压力表,12.加热系统,14.围压系统,18.调压阀,19.四通接头,22.第二岩心夹持器,23.围压自动跟踪泵,27.回压阀,28.流量计,29.数据采集系统。1. Nitrogen gas cylinder, 2, 5, 7, 13, 17. Control valve, 3, 8, 15, 25. Tee joint, 4. Intermediate container, 6, 26. Constant speed and constant pressure pump, 9, 16, 20, 24. Pressure sensor, 10. First core holder, 11, 21. Pressure gauge, 12. Heating system, 14. Confining pressure system, 18. Pressure regulating valve, 19. Four-way joint, 22. Second Core holder, 23. Confining pressure automatic tracking pump, 27. Back pressure valve, 28. Flow meter, 29. Data acquisition system.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,包括依次串联的第一恒速恒压泵6、第一控制阀5、中间容器4、第二控制阀7、第一岩心夹持器10(38mm岩心夹持器)、第三控制阀17、调压阀18、第二岩心夹持器22(25mm岩心夹持器)、回压阀27、流量计28,所述中间容器4、第二控制阀7之间通过三通接头3依次连接有第四控制阀2、氮气气瓶1,所述第一岩心夹持器10通过加热系统12进行温度控制,第一岩心夹持器10通过围压系统14设置围压,围压系统14采用常规围压系统,所述第二岩心夹持器22通过围压自动跟踪泵23设置围压,这部分选择自动跟踪泵设置压差是因为待调压过后,调压阀出口端压力会略有些不稳定,利用自动跟踪泵可以更方便的调节围压与第二岩心夹持器入口端的压差,同时消除应力敏感效应的影响。利用自动跟踪泵可以更方便的控制压力,为了更好的维持稳产。所述回压阀27通过第二恒速恒压泵26设置回压,第一岩心夹持器之间10的两端、第二岩心夹持器22的两端分别设有压力传感器,用于压力追踪。A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant production production, comprising a first constant speed and constant pressure pump 6, a first control valve 5, an intermediate container 4, a second control valve 7, a first core holder 10 ( 38mm core holder), the third control valve 17, the pressure regulating valve 18, the second core holder 22 (25mm core holder), the back pressure valve 27, the flow meter 28, the intermediate container 4, the second core holder A fourth control valve 2 and a nitrogen gas cylinder 1 are sequentially connected between the control valves 7 through the three-way joint 3. The temperature of the first core holder 10 is controlled by the heating system 12, and the first core holder 10 is passed through the enclosure. The confining pressure system 14 sets the confining pressure, the confining pressure system 14 adopts the conventional confining pressure system, and the second core holder 22 sets the confining pressure through the confining pressure automatic tracking pump 23. This part selects the automatic tracking pump to set the pressure difference because it is to be adjusted After the pressure is passed, the pressure at the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve will be slightly unstable. Using the automatic tracking pump can more easily adjust the pressure difference between the confining pressure and the inlet end of the second core holder, and at the same time eliminate the influence of stress-sensitive effect. Using the automatic tracking pump can control the pressure more conveniently, in order to better maintain stable production. The back pressure valve 27 is provided with back pressure by the second constant speed and constant pressure pump 26, and pressure sensors are respectively provided at both ends of the first core holder 10 and at both ends of the second core holder 22 for Stress tracking.

围压自动跟踪泵23的跟踪管线连接于第二岩心夹持器22的进口端,用于追踪第二岩心夹持器22的进口端压力。所述第一岩心夹持器10连接第一压力表11,所述第二岩心夹持器22连接第二压力表21,用于检测围压。所述第一岩心夹持器10、围压系统14之间的管路上设置第五控制阀13,用于稳定围压。实验过程中围压很高,当手摇泵打到头需要重新吸液的时候,应当关闭阀门13,待吸液结束继续增压时,继续保持第五控制阀13关闭,先将围压泵压力增至与夹持器围压基本相等,再打开第五控制阀13继续增加夹持器的围压。防止手摇泵吸液后泵体压力降低,导致夹持器围压随之降低,以稳定围压。还包括数据采集系统29,所述流量计28以及各压力传感器分别与数据采集系统29连接,用于采集压力数据、流量数据。The tracking pipeline of the confining pressure automatic tracking pump 23 is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder 22 for tracking the pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22 . The first core holder 10 is connected to the first pressure gauge 11, and the second core holder 22 is connected to the second pressure gauge 21 for detecting the confining pressure. A fifth control valve 13 is provided on the pipeline between the first core holder 10 and the confining pressure system 14 to stabilize the confining pressure. During the experiment, the confining pressure is very high. When the hand pump reaches the end and needs to be sucked again, the valve 13 should be closed. When the pressure is continued after the suction is completed, the fifth control valve 13 should be kept closed, and the pressure of the confining pressure pump should be first Increase to be substantially equal to the confining pressure of the holder, and then open the fifth control valve 13 to continue to increase the confining pressure of the holder. Prevent the pressure of the pump body from reducing after the hand pump sucks liquid, resulting in a decrease in the confining pressure of the gripper, so as to stabilize the confining pressure. A data acquisition system 29 is also included. The flow meter 28 and each pressure sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition system 29 for acquiring pressure data and flow data.

一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,包括:A dry gas well production simulation method based on constant production production, comprising:

取目的层致密砂岩制备第一岩心、第二岩心,并将第一岩心装入第一岩心夹持器10中,将第二岩心装入第二岩心夹持器22中;第一岩心、第二岩心的制备方法为:将岩心100℃条件下烘干至恒重,再放置冷却器中,冷却至室温,测量岩心的长度和直径,使其适配岩心夹持器。第二岩心的渗透率低于第一岩心的渗透率,以对应所需压力,第二岩心根据放气速度的快慢进行选择。The tight sandstone of the target layer is taken to prepare the first core and the second core, and the first core is loaded into the first core holder 10, and the second core is loaded into the second core holder 22; The preparation method of the second core is as follows: drying the core at 100°C to constant weight, placing it in a cooler, cooling to room temperature, measuring the length and diameter of the core, and making it fit into the core holder. The permeability of the second core is lower than that of the first core so as to correspond to the required pressure, and the second core is selected according to the speed of the degassing speed.

模拟生产之前,将第一岩心夹持器10、第二岩心夹持器22预填充气体以保证实验数据的连续性。Before simulating production, the first core holder 10 and the second core holder 22 are pre-filled with gas to ensure the continuity of experimental data.

启动加热系统12、围压系统14,在第一岩心夹持器10内模拟目的层的外环境,设目的层的地层压力为P;Start the heating system 12 and the confining pressure system 14, simulate the external environment of the target layer in the first core holder 10, and set the formation pressure of the target layer to be P;

关闭第一控制阀5和第二控制阀7,打开第四控制阀2,向中间容器4中充入足量氮气,再关闭第四控制阀2;Close the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 7, open the fourth control valve 2, fill a sufficient amount of nitrogen into the intermediate container 4, and then close the fourth control valve 2;

打开第一控制阀5和第二控制阀7,启动第一恒速恒压泵6,向第一岩心夹持器10中充入氮气,待达到压力P后,依次关闭第一恒速恒压泵6,第一控制阀5和第二控制阀7,直至压力稳定;Open the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 7, start the first constant speed and constant pressure pump 6, fill nitrogen into the first core holder 10, and close the first constant speed and constant pressure in turn after reaching the pressure P Pump 6, first control valve 5 and second control valve 7 until the pressure stabilizes;

根据所需生产压差调节调压阀18,对第二岩心夹持器22进口端气压进行减压,减压后,第二岩心夹持器22进口端的气体压力为P1,第二岩心夹持器22出口端压力为P2Adjust the pressure regulating valve 18 according to the required production pressure difference to decompress the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22. After decompression, the gas pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder 22 is P 1 , and the second core holder 22 The pressure at the outlet end of the holder 22 is P 2 ;

利用围压自动跟踪泵23设置压差,跟踪第二岩心夹持器22进口端气体压力P1,进而自动变换产生围压;Use the confining pressure automatic tracking pump 23 to set the pressure difference, track the gas pressure P1 at the inlet end of the second core holder 22, and then automatically change to generate the confining pressure;

根据气层废弃压力,利用第二恒速恒压泵26对回压阀27给定回压P3,打开第三控制阀17,调节调压阀18开始模拟生产,分别用压力传感器9、16、20和24监测第一岩心夹持器10与第二岩心夹持器22两端压力随时间的变化曲线,并同步监测流量计28中气体流量随时间的变化曲线,直至生产结束;According to the waste pressure of the gas layer, the second constant speed constant pressure pump 26 is used to give the back pressure P 3 to the back pressure valve 27 , the third control valve 17 is opened, and the pressure regulating valve 18 is adjusted to start simulating production, and the pressure sensors 9 and 16 are used respectively. , 20 and 24 monitor the change curve of the pressure at both ends of the first core holder 10 and the second core holder 22 with time, and synchronously monitor the change curve of the gas flow rate with time in the flow meter 28 until the end of production;

系统生产压差为ΔP=P1-P3,当P>P1,气井生产模拟系统为稳产阶段,当P=P1时,气井生产模拟系统开始由稳产阶段转为递减阶段,此时P与P1同时降低,当P=P1=P3时,气井生产模拟系统停止模拟生产。The system production pressure difference is ΔP=P 1 -P 3 . When P>P 1 , the gas well production simulation system is in the stable production stage. When P=P 1 , the gas well production simulation system begins to change from the stable production stage to the declining stage. At this time, P At the same time as P 1 decreases, when P=P 1 =P 3 , the gas well production simulation system stops simulating production.

通过改变生产压差,多次进行生产模拟,得到该干气井产气规律。By changing the production pressure difference and performing production simulations many times, the gas production law of the dry gas well is obtained.

最后说明的是,以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should Various changes may be made in details without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1.一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,其特征在于,包括依次串联的第一恒速恒压泵、第一控制阀、中间容器、第二控制阀、第一岩心夹持器、第三控制阀、调压阀、第二岩心夹持器、回压阀、流量计,所述中间容器、第二控制阀之间通过三通接头依次连接有第四控制阀、氮气气瓶,所述第一岩心夹持器通过加热系统进行温度控制,第一岩心夹持器通过围压系统设置围压,所述第二岩心夹持器通过围压自动跟踪泵设置围压,所述回压阀通过第二恒速恒压泵设置回压,第一岩心夹持器之间的两端、第二岩心夹持器的两端分别设有压力传感器,用于压力追踪。1. A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant output production is characterized in that, comprising the first constant speed and constant pressure pump, the first control valve, the intermediate container, the second control valve, the first core holder connected in series in turn , the third control valve, the pressure regulating valve, the second core holder, the back pressure valve, the flow meter, the fourth control valve and the nitrogen gas cylinder are sequentially connected between the intermediate container and the second control valve through a three-way joint. , the temperature of the first core holder is controlled by the heating system, the confining pressure of the first core holder is set by the confining pressure system, the confining pressure of the second core holder is set by the confining pressure automatic tracking pump, and the confining pressure is set by the second core holder. The back pressure valve sets back pressure through the second constant speed and constant pressure pump, and the two ends between the first core holder and the two ends of the second core holder are respectively provided with pressure sensors for pressure tracking. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,其特征在于,所述第一岩心夹持器连接第一压力表,所述第二岩心夹持器连接第二压力表,用于检测围压。2. A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant production production according to claim 1, wherein the first core holder is connected to the first pressure gauge, and the second core holder is connected to the first pressure gauge. Two pressure gauges, used to detect confining pressure. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,其特征在于:还包括数据采集系统,所述流量计以及各压力传感器分别与数据采集系统连接,用于采集压力数据、流量数据。3. A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant production production according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a data acquisition system, wherein the flowmeter and each pressure sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition system for collecting Pressure data, flow data. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,其特征在于:围压自动跟踪泵的跟踪管线连接于第二岩心夹持器的进口端,用于追踪第二岩心夹持器的进口端压力。4. a kind of dry gas well production simulation device based on constant output production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tracking pipeline of confining pressure automatic tracking pump is connected to the inlet end of the second core holder, for tracking the first Inlet side pressure of two core holders. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟装置,其特征在于:所述第一岩心夹持器、围压系统之间的管路上设置第五控制阀,用于稳定围压。5. A dry gas well production simulation device based on constant production production according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fifth control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the first core holder and the confining pressure system, and a to stabilize the confining pressure. 6.一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,其特征在于,包括:6. A dry gas well production simulation method based on fixed output production, is characterized in that, comprising: 取目的层致密砂岩制备第一岩心、第二岩心,并将第一岩心装入第一岩心夹持器中,将第二岩心装入第二岩心夹持器中;The tight sandstone of the target layer is taken to prepare the first core and the second core, and the first core is loaded into the first core holder, and the second core is loaded into the second core holder; 启动加热系统、围压系统,在第一岩心夹持器内模拟目的层的外环境,设目的层的地层压力为P;Start the heating system and the confining pressure system, simulate the external environment of the target layer in the first core holder, and set the formation pressure of the target layer to be P; 关闭第一控制阀和第二控制阀,打开第四控制阀,向中间容器中充入足量氮气,再关闭第四控制阀;Close the first control valve and the second control valve, open the fourth control valve, fill a sufficient amount of nitrogen into the intermediate container, and then close the fourth control valve; 打开第一控制阀和第二控制阀,启动第一恒速恒压泵,向第一岩心夹持器中充入氮气,待达到压力P后,依次关闭第一恒速恒压泵,第一控制阀和第二控制阀,直至压力稳定;Open the first control valve and the second control valve, start the first constant speed and constant pressure pump, and fill the first core holder with nitrogen gas. When the pressure P is reached, turn off the first constant speed and constant pressure pump in turn. control valve and second control valve until the pressure stabilizes; 根据所需生产压差调节调压阀,对第二岩心夹持器进口端气压进行减压,减压后,第二岩心夹持器进口端的气体压力为P1,第二岩心夹持器出口端压力为P2Adjust the pressure regulating valve according to the required production pressure difference to decompress the air pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder. After decompression, the gas pressure at the inlet end of the second core holder is P 1 , and the outlet of the second core holder The end pressure is P 2 ; 利用围压自动跟踪泵设置压差,跟踪第二岩心夹持器进口端气体压力P1,进而自动变换产生围压;Use the confining pressure automatic tracking pump to set the pressure difference, track the gas pressure P 1 at the inlet end of the second core holder, and then automatically transform to generate the confining pressure; 根据气层废弃压力,利用第二恒速恒压泵对回压阀给定回压P3,打开第三控制阀,调节调压阀开始模拟生产,用压力传感器监测第一岩心夹持器与第二岩心夹持器两端压力随时间的变化曲线,并同步监测流量计中气体流量随时间的变化曲线,直至生产结束;According to the waste pressure of the gas layer, the second constant speed and constant pressure pump is used to give a back pressure P 3 to the back pressure valve, the third control valve is opened, the pressure regulating valve is adjusted to start simulating production, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the relationship between the first core holder and the first core holder. The variation curve of the pressure at both ends of the second core holder with time, and the variation curve of the gas flow rate with time in the flowmeter is monitored synchronously until the end of production; 系统生产压差为ΔP=P1-P3,当P>P1,气井生产模拟系统为稳产阶段,当P=P1时,气井生产模拟系统开始由稳产阶段转为递减阶段,此时P与P1同时降低,当P=P1=P3时,气井生产模拟系统停止模拟生产。The system production pressure difference is ΔP=P 1 -P 3 . When P>P 1 , the gas well production simulation system is in the stable production stage. When P=P 1 , the gas well production simulation system begins to change from the stable production stage to the declining stage. At this time, P At the same time as P 1 decreases, when P=P 1 =P 3 , the gas well production simulation system stops simulating production. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,其特征在于:第一岩心、第二岩心的制备方法为:将岩心烘干至恒重,再放置冷却器中,冷却至室温,测量岩心的长度和直径,第二岩心的渗透率低于第一岩心的渗透率。7. a kind of dry gas well production simulation method based on constant output production according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the preparation method of the first rock core, the second rock core is: the rock core is dried to constant weight, and then the cooler is placed , cooled to room temperature, and the length and diameter of the core were measured. The permeability of the second core was lower than that of the first core. 8.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,其特征在于:模拟生产之前,将第一岩心夹持器、第二岩心夹持器预填充气体以保证实验数据的连续性。8. A kind of dry gas well production simulation method based on fixed output production according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: before simulating production, the first core holder and the second core holder are pre-filled with gas to ensure the experiment data continuity. 9.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于定产量生产的干气井生产模拟方法,其特征在于:通过改变生产压差,多次进行生产模拟,得到该干气井产气规律。9 . The dry gas well production simulation method based on constant production production according to claim 6 , wherein the gas production law of the dry gas well is obtained by changing the production pressure difference and performing production simulation for many times. 10 .
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