CN109695667A - 双轴离合变速装置 - Google Patents

双轴离合变速装置 Download PDF

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CN109695667A
CN109695667A CN201711114725.3A CN201711114725A CN109695667A CN 109695667 A CN109695667 A CN 109695667A CN 201711114725 A CN201711114725 A CN 201711114725A CN 109695667 A CN109695667 A CN 109695667A
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shaft
clutch
gear
even number
odd number
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CN109695667B (zh
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吴孟儒
曹嘉
陈鹏宇
曾瑞堂
杨正平
陈柏彣
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/10—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with one or more one-way clutches as an essential feature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D11/02—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0826—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one output shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/12—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of differentials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/081—Speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D2011/008—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts characterised by the form of the teeth forming the inter-engaging parts; Details of shape or structure of these teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0811—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts using unsynchronised clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0818—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts comprising means for power-shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds

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Abstract

一种双轴离合变速装置，其包含有：一驱动单元；一输入轴，其耦接该驱动单元，该输入轴具有一输入齿轮；一输出轴，其一端穿过该输入轴与该驱动单元，该输出轴具有至少一奇数输出齿轮与至少一偶数输出齿轮；一壳体，其具有一壳体齿轮；至少一奇数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该奇数离合单元具有一奇数离合轴与一奇数离合齿轮，该奇数离合齿轮啮合该奇数输出齿轮；以及至少一偶数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该偶数合单元具有一偶数离合轴与一偶数离合齿轮，该偶数离合齿轮啮合该偶数输出齿轮。

Description

双轴离合变速装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双轴离合变速装置，尤其涉及一种利用双轴结构，而达到体积缩减的变速系统。
背景技术
变速机构为电动车辆/传统车辆(以下以车辆通称)的不可缺少的构件，变速机构为车辆行进时，提供不同的转速或扭矩的要求。
上述的转速、扭矩的转换透过多个齿轮所达到。故现有的变速机构内部具有多个齿轮组合。然而该齿轮组合使得现有的齿轮箱的体积过大，由于体积较大的变速机构使得车辆于设计时，往往需要考量需有较大空间以容置现有的变速机构，因此造成车辆于设计上的难度。
另外，现有的传动系统，其驱动与传动各自独立，所以具有总体积大、功率密度低的缺点。
虽有部分厂商欲利用离合器，以缩减变速机构的体积，但其缩减量有限，故如何缩减现有的变速机构的体积就有可改善的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种双轴离合变速装置，可以进一步缩减现有变速机构的体积。
为达上述目的，本发明提供一种双轴离合变速装置，其包含有：
一驱动单元；
一输入轴，其耦接该驱动单元，该输入轴具有一输入齿轮；
一输出轴，其一端穿过该输入轴与该驱动单元，该输出轴的另一端具有至少一奇数输出齿轮与至少一偶数输出齿轮；
一壳体，其具有一壳体齿轮；
至少一奇数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该奇数离合单元具有一奇数离合轴与一奇数离合齿轮；以及
至少一偶数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该偶数合单元具有一偶数离合轴与一偶数离合齿轮；
其中，该偶数离合轴的一端穿过于该壳体，并且突出于该壳体的外部，该偶数离合齿轮设于该偶数离合轴突出于壳体的一端，该偶数离合齿轮啮合该偶数输出齿轮；该奇数离合轴的一端穿过该偶数离合轴，且突出于该偶数离合轴的外部，该奇数离合齿轮设于该奇数离合轴突出于该偶数离合轴的一端，该奇数离合齿轮啮合该奇数输出齿轮。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述，但不作为对本发明的限定。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种双轴离合变速装置的第一实施例的示意图；
图2为本发明的一奇数离合单元于一档位输出的示意图；
图3为本发明的一偶输离合单元于一档位输出的示意图；
图4为本发明的一种双轴离合变速装置的第二实施例的示意图。
其中，附图标记
10 驱动单元
11 输入轴
110 输入齿轮
12 输出轴
120 奇数输出齿轮
121 偶数输出齿轮
13 壳体
130 壳体齿轮
131 压迫单元
14 奇数离合单元
140 奇数离合轴
141 奇数离合齿轮
15 偶数离合单元
150 偶数离合轴
151 偶数离合齿轮
16 差速器
20 驱动单元
21 输入轴
210 输入齿轮
22 输出轴
220 奇数输出齿轮、第一奇数输出齿轮
221 偶数输出齿轮、第一偶数输出齿轮
222 奇数输出齿轮、第二奇数输出齿轮
23 壳体
230 壳体齿轮
231 压迫单元
24 奇数离合单元、第一奇数离合单元
240 奇数离合轴、第一奇数离合轴
241 奇数离合齿轮、第一奇数离合齿轮
25 偶数离合单元、第一偶数离合单元
250 偶数离合轴、第一偶数离合轴
251 偶数离合齿轮、第一偶数离合齿轮
26 差速器
27 奇数离合单元、第二奇数离合单元
270 第二奇数离合轴
271 第二奇数离合齿轮
具体实施方式
以下藉由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，所属技术领域中具有通常知识者可由本说明书所揭示的内容，轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。
请配合参考图1所示，本发明一种双轴离合变速装置的第一实施例，其包含有一驱动单元10、一输入轴11、一输出轴12、一壳体13、一奇数离合单元14、偶数离合单元15与差速器16。
驱动单元10为一引擎或一马达。输入轴11耦接驱动单元10。驱动单元10使输入轴11转动。输入轴11具有一输入齿轮110。输入齿轮110设于输入轴11的外缘，并与受到驱动单元10所驱动的输出轴12一起转动。
输出轴12的一端穿过输入轴11与驱动单元10，输出轴12的另端具有一奇数输出齿轮120与一偶数输出齿轮121。该另端联结一差速器16。输入轴11为一空心轴，以供输出轴12穿过，故输出轴12与输入轴11形成为一双轴结构。
壳体13具有一壳体齿轮130。壳体齿轮130啮合输入齿轮110。壳体13更具有一压迫单元131。压迫单元131可为一油压装置、一气压装置或一刹车装置。
奇数离合单元14设于壳体13的内部。奇数离合单元14耦接压迫单元131。奇数离合单元14具有一奇数离合轴140与一奇数离合齿轮141。
偶数离合单元15设于壳体13的内部。偶数离合单元15耦接压迫单元131。偶数离合单元15具有一偶数离合轴150与一偶数离合齿轮151。偶数离合轴150的一端突出于壳体13的外部。偶数离合齿轮151设于偶数离合轴150突出于壳体13的一端。偶数离合齿轮151啮合偶数输出齿轮121。偶数离合轴150与输出轴12相互平行。
奇数离合轴140的一端穿过偶数离合轴150内，且突出于偶数离合轴150的外部。奇数离合齿轮141设于奇数离合轴140突出于偶数离合轴150的一端。奇数离合齿轮141啮合奇数输出齿轮120。奇数离合轴140与输出轴12相互平行。
如上所述，偶数离合轴150为一空心轴，以供奇数离合轴140穿过。奇数离合齿轮141固定于奇数离合轴140的一端，并与奇数离合轴140一起转动。偶数离合齿轮151固定于偶数离合轴150的外缘，并与偶数离合轴150一起转动。
请配合参考图2所示，驱动单元10驱动输入轴11。输入轴11驱动输入齿轮110。输入齿轮110驱动壳体齿轮130。壳体齿轮130驱动壳体13。
若压迫单元131为一油压装置或一气压装置，压迫单元131提供一油压或一气压，而使奇数离合单元14迫紧壳体13，进而驱动奇数离合轴140。
若压迫单元131为一刹车装置，压迫单元131设于壳体13的内部。压迫单元131提供一紧迫力，而使奇数离合单元14迫紧壳体13，进而驱动奇数离合轴140。
奇数离合轴140驱动奇数离合齿轮141。奇数离合齿轮141驱动奇数输出齿轮120。奇数输出齿轮120驱动输出轴12。输出轴12输出来自驱动单元10的动力。
差速器16受到输出齿轮(奇数输出齿轮120或偶数输出齿轮121)的驱动，驱动输出轴12，而使输出轴12输出扭力或动力，以进一步驱动差速器16。
如上所述，来自驱动单元10的动力经由输入轴11、输入齿轮110、壳体齿轮130、壳体13、奇数离合单元14、奇数离合轴140、奇数离合齿轮141、奇数输出齿轮120与输出轴12，以做一档位输出。
请配合参考图3所示，压迫单元131使奇数离合单元14不再迫紧壳体13。压迫单元131使偶数离合单元15迫紧壳体13。
偶数离合单元15驱动偶数离合轴150。偶数离合轴150驱动偶数离合齿轮151。偶数离合齿轮151驱动偶数输出齿轮121。偶数输出齿轮121驱动输出轴12。输出轴12输出来自驱动单元10的动力。
如上所述，来自驱动单元10的动力经由输入轴11、输入齿轮110、壳体齿轮130、壳体13、偶数离合单元15、偶数离合轴150、偶数离合齿轮151、偶数输出齿轮121与输出轴12，以做二档输出。
如图4所示，本发明一种双轴离合变速装置的第二实施例，其包含有一驱动单元20、一输入轴21、一输出轴22、一壳体23、一至少一奇数离合单元24与至少一偶数离合单元25。
输入轴21耦接驱动单元20。输入轴21具有一输入齿轮210。
输出轴22的一端穿过输入轴21与驱动单元20，输出轴22的另端具有至少一奇数输出齿轮220与至少一偶数输出齿轮221。该输出轴22的另一端联结一差速器26。
若奇数输出齿轮220为多个，其可用第一奇数输出齿轮至第N奇数输出齿轮表示，N为一常数。若偶数输出齿轮221为多个，其可用第一偶数输出齿轮至第N偶数输出齿轮表示，N为一常数。
壳体23具有一壳体齿轮230。壳体齿轮230啮合输入齿轮210。壳体23更具有一压迫单元231。
奇数离合单元24耦接压迫单元231。奇数离合单元24设于壳体23的内部。奇数离合单元24具有一奇数离合轴240与一奇数离合齿轮241。
奇数离合轴240的一端穿过偶数离合轴250，且突出于偶数离合轴250的外部。奇数离合齿轮241设于奇数离合轴240突出于偶数离合轴250的一端。奇数离合齿轮241啮合奇数输出齿轮220，该奇数输出齿轮220驱动输出轴22作第一档动力输出。
偶数离合单元25耦接压迫单元231。偶数离合单元25设于壳体23的内部。偶数离合单元25具有一偶数离合轴250与一偶数离合齿轮251。偶数离合轴250的一端穿过壳体23，并且突出于壳体23的外部。偶数离合齿轮251设于偶数离合轴250的外缘上，并突出于壳体23的一端。偶数离合齿轮251啮合偶数输出齿轮221，该偶数输出齿轮221驱动输出轴22作第二档动力输出。
另一偶数离合单元26耦接压迫单元231。另一偶数离合单元26设于壳体23的内部。另一偶数离合单元26耦接压迫单元231。另一偶数离合单元26具有另一偶数离合轴260与另一偶数离合齿轮261。另一偶数离合轴260的一端穿过壳体23，并且突出于壳体23的外部。偶数离合齿轮261设于另一偶数离合轴260的外缘上，并突出于壳体23的一端。另一偶数离合齿轮261啮合另一偶数输出齿轮222，该另一偶数输出齿轮222驱动输出轴22作第三档动力输出。
如上所述，该奇数离合单元24、该偶数离合单元25、另一该奇数离合单元27、该奇数输出齿轮220、该偶数输出齿轮221与另一该奇数输出齿轮222，形成形成三档变速机构。
若奇数离合单元24为多个，其可用第一奇数离合单元至第N奇数离合单元表示，N为一常数。同理，奇数离合轴240可用第一奇数离合轴至第N奇数离合轴表示。
奇数离合齿轮241可用第一奇数离合齿轮至第N奇数离合齿轮表示。第一奇数离合齿轮啮合第一奇数输出齿轮，其可依序推导至第N奇数离合齿轮啮合第N奇数输出齿轮。
若偶数离合单元25为多个，其可用第一偶数离合单元至第N偶数离合单元表示，N为一常数。同理，偶数离合轴250可用第一偶数离合轴至第N偶数离合轴表示。
如上所述，第一奇数离合轴穿过第一偶数离合轴，第一偶数离合轴穿过第二奇数离合轴，第二奇数离合轴穿过第二偶数离合轴，其可依序推导至第N奇数离合轴穿过第N偶数离合轴。
所以奇数离合轴240亦可为一空心轴，以供偶数离合轴250穿过。偶数离合轴250可为一空心轴，以供奇数离合轴240穿过。
偶数离合齿轮251可用第一偶数离合齿轮251至第N偶数离合齿轮251表示。第一偶数离合齿轮251啮合第一偶数输出齿轮221，其可依序推导至第N偶数离合齿轮251啮合第N偶数输出齿轮221。
于本实施例中，并且再参阅图4所示，奇数离合单元24可为第一奇数离合单元24(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号24)与第二奇数离合单元27。偶数离合单元25可为第一偶数离合单元25(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号25)。
第一偶数离合单元25的第一偶数离合轴250(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号250)的一端突出于壳体23。第一偶数离合单元25的第一偶数离合齿轮251(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号251)设于该突出端，并啮合输出轴22的第一偶数输出齿轮221(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号221)。
第一奇数离合单元24的第一奇数离合轴240(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号240)的一端穿过第一偶数离合轴250，并突出于第一偶数离合轴250的外部。第一奇数离合单元24的第一奇数离合齿轮241(为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号241)设于第一奇数离合轴240突出于第一偶数离合轴250的一端。第一奇数离合齿轮241啮合输出轴22的第一奇数输出齿轮220((为了便于论述，故沿用元件符号251)元件符号220)。
第二奇数离合单元27的第二奇数离合轴270的一端突出于壳体23外部，并被第一偶数离合轴250所穿过。第二奇数离合单元27的第二奇数离合齿轮271设于第二奇数离合轴270突出于壳体23的一端。第二奇数离合齿271轮啮合输出轴22的第二奇数输出齿轮222。
第二奇数输出齿轮222、第一偶数输出齿轮221与第一奇数输出齿轮220的尺寸不同，该尺寸可由大至小，或者小至大，其依据实际设计而决定。
如上所述，驱动单元20驱动输入轴21。输入轴21驱动输入齿轮210。输入齿轮210驱动壳体齿轮230。壳体齿轮230驱动壳体23。
压迫单元231提供一油压、一气压或一紧迫力，而使奇数离合单元24或偶数离合单元25迫紧壳体23。
若为第一奇数离合单元24或第二奇数离合单元27迫紧壳体23。第一奇数离合轴240驱动第一奇数离合齿轮241，或者第二奇数离合轴270驱动第二奇数离合齿轮271。第一奇数离合齿轮241驱动第一奇数输出齿轮220，而使被驱动的第一奇数输出齿轮220驱动输出轴22；或者第二奇数离合齿轮271驱动第二奇数输出齿轮222，而使被驱动的第二奇数输出齿轮222驱动输出轴22。
同理，若奇数离合单元24为第一奇数离合单元至第N奇数离合单元。则第一奇数离合单元至第N奇数离合单元可视为第一档速数输出、第三档速输出、第五档速输出至第M档速输出。M为一奇数。
若为第一偶数离合单元25迫紧壳体23。第一偶数离合轴250驱动偶数离合齿轮251。第一偶数离合齿轮251驱动第一偶数输出齿轮221，而使被驱动的第一偶数输出齿轮221驱动输出轴22。
同理，若偶数离合单元25为第一偶数离合单元至第N偶数离合单元。则第一偶数离合单元至第N偶数离合单元可视为第二档速数输出、第四档速输出、第六档速输出至第O档速输出。O为一偶数。
综合上述，本发明的双轴离合变速装置整合现有的车用驱动(如：引擎或马达)与传动，而使该双轴离合变速装置具有总体机小、功率密度高的特性。
本发明的输出轴的一端穿过输入轴与驱动单元的技术手段，其可缩减现有车辆的变速结构体积，如前所述，本发明利用多离合单元与多通轴的技术手段，进而可使变速统的总体积缩小至少38％。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (20)

1.一种双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，包含有：
一驱动单元；
一输入轴，其耦接该驱动单元，该输入轴具有一输入齿轮；
一输出轴，其一端穿过该输入轴与该驱动单元，该输出轴的另一端具有至少一奇数输出齿轮与至少一偶数输出齿轮；
一壳体，其具有一壳体齿轮；
至少一奇数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该奇数离合单元具有一奇数离合轴与一奇数离合齿轮；以及
至少一偶数离合单元，其设于该壳体的内部，该偶数离合单元具有一偶数离合轴与一偶数离合齿轮；
其中，该偶数离合轴的一端穿过于该壳体，并且突出于该壳体的外部，该偶数离合齿轮设于该偶数离合轴突出于壳体的一端，该偶数离合齿轮啮合该偶数输出齿轮；该奇数离合轴的一端穿过该偶数离合轴，且突出于该偶数离合轴的外部，该奇数离合齿轮设于该奇数离合轴的一端，并突出于该偶数离合轴的一端，该奇数离合齿轮啮合该奇数输出齿轮。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该输出轴为一空心轴，以供该输出轴穿过。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该输入齿轮设于该输入轴的外缘，并与该输出轴一起转动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该输出轴与该奇数离合轴相互平行。
5.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该奇数离合单元与该偶数离合单元为多个。
6.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，更具有一差速器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该差速器受到驱动的输出齿轮驱动该输出轴，而使该输出轴输出扭力或动力，以进一步驱动该差速器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该输出齿轮分别与该奇数离合齿轮或该偶数齿轮歯合转动。
9.根据权利要求6所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该偶数离合轴为一空心轴，以供该奇数离合轴穿过。
10.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该另一奇数离合轴为一空心轴，以供该偶数离合轴穿过。
11.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该奇数离合齿轮固定于该奇数离合轴的外缘，并与该奇数离合轴一起转动；该偶数离合齿轮固定于该偶数离合轴的外缘，并与该偶数离合轴一起转动。
12.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该输出轴与一差速器相互联结。
13.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该壳体更具有一压迫单元，该压迫单元耦接该奇数离合单元与该偶数离合单元，该压迫单元使该奇数离合单元或该偶数离合单元迫紧该壳体。
14.根据权利要求13所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该压迫单元为一油压装置或一气压装置。
15.根据权利要求13所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该压迫单元为一刹车装置，该刹车装置设于该壳体的内部。
16.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，奇数离合单元、该偶数离合单元、该奇数输出齿轮与该偶数输出齿轮，形成二档变速机构。
17.根据权利要求16所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该奇数离合单元、该偶数离合单元、另一该奇数离合单元、该奇数输出齿轮、该偶数输出齿轮与另一该奇数输出齿轮，形成三档变速机构。
18.根据权利要求17所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，该奇数离合单元的奇数离合轴，穿过该偶数离合单元偶数离合轴。
19.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，另一该偶数离合单元的另一该偶数离合轴，穿过该偶数离合单元的该偶数离合轴的外缘。
20.根据权利要求1所述的双轴离合变速装置，其特征在于，另一该奇数输出齿轮啮合另一该奇数离合齿轮，另一该奇数输出齿轮驱动该输出轴作第三档动力输出。
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