CN109695165A - 一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN109695165A
CN109695165A CN201811415954.3A CN201811415954A CN109695165A CN 109695165 A CN109695165 A CN 109695165A CN 201811415954 A CN201811415954 A CN 201811415954A CN 109695165 A CN109695165 A CN 109695165A
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cotton
blended fabric
dyeing
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邱峰
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Huzhou Xinruntian Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,包括以下步骤:常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至40‑50℃,得到混合染液,备用;向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;边搅拌,边升温,在8‑15min内升温至75‑85℃,恒温处理30‑45min;降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。本发明不但大大加快了染色速度,而且去除了高温染色的环节,整个工艺有效节省了能源,节能、环保,符合国家对纺织行业的环保要求。

Description

一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织助剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺。
背景技术
涤纶的基本组成物质是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,分子式HO-H2C-H2C-O[-OC-Ph-COOCH2CH2O-]n,因分子链上存在大量酯基故称聚酯纤维(PET),用于纤维的聚酯相对分子量一般在18000~25000左右,仿毛涤纶分子量较低,工业涤纶分子量较高。实际上,其中还有少量的单体和低聚物存在。这些低聚物的聚合度较低,又以环状形式存在。聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯可由对苯二甲酸(PTA)和乙二醇(EG)通过直接酯化法制取对苯二甲酸乙二酯9BHET)后缩聚而成。
从涤纶分子组成来看,它是由短脂肪烃链、酯基、苯环、端醇羟基所构成。涤纶子中除存在两个端醇羟基外,并无其它极性基团,因而涤纶纤维亲水性极差。涤纶分子中约含有46%酯基,酯基在200℃以上时能发生水解、热裂解,遇强碱则皂解,使聚合度降低,100℃以下普通用量的洗涤剂洗衣粉对涤纶无任何影响;涤纶分子中还含有脂肪族烃链,它能使涤纶分子具有一定柔曲性,但由于涤纶分子中还有不能内旋转的苯环,故涤纶大分子基本为刚性分子,分子链易于保持线型。因此,涤纶大分子在这一条件下很容易形成结晶,故涤纶的结晶度和取向性较高。由于涤纶的结构特征,导致其染色性较差,但色牢度好,不易褪色。涤纶分子链上因无特定的染色基团,而且极性较小,所以染色较为困难,易染性较差,染料分子不易进入纤维。
传统的涤纶织物在染色前需经过高温前处理,去除纺织油剂、污渍、浆料等,前处理加工后再经过水洗、中和工序才能进入高温高压染色机染色,织物在高温高压染色机中采用100-150℃高温染色,染色结束后对中深度织物还需经过还原清洗加工以去除浮色提高水洗牢度。传统的前处理、染色加工的工序长、使用大量的水、电、蒸汽,同时排出大量的污水和污染物。
本发明提供了一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,可以有效提升染色速度,节能减排。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
A、常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至40-50℃,得到混合染液,备用;
B、向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;
C、边搅拌,边升温,在8-15min内升温至75-85℃,恒温处理30-45min;
D、降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。
优选的,所述的步骤A中,所述的化合物I的化学式为:
所述的R为仲辛基、2,6-二甲基戊基、正壬基中的任意一种;所述R可以在苯环上的任一位置进行取代(如邻位、对位、间位)。
进一步优选的,所述的R为仲辛基;所述R在苯环上的对位取代。
优选的,所述的步骤A中,所述的混合染液,由以下重量百分比的组份组成:植物染色剂5-12%、碳酸氢钠0.5-2%、二氢咪唑0.5-1%、季铵盐类化合物0.1-0.3%、二乙三胺2-4%、乙酸乙酯4-10%、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯1-3%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3-5%、化合物I1-3%和水余量。
优选的,所述的步骤B中,混合染液与涤棉混纺面料的质量比为(8-15):1。
本发明的有益之处在于:本发明的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,相比于传统的染色工艺具有如下优点:
一是染色过程中的时间缩短至1小时以内,具体的方法是先将染液提前配置并加热好,染色再放入染色机;由于使用了特殊的染色助剂,无需高温染色,就可以达到非常好的色牢度;
二是本发明即使染色为颜色非常深的黑色、紫色、深蓝色也可以达到非常好的染色效果;
三是由于棉面料为天然面料,较为容易上色,而涤纶面料属于化学纤维面料,上色较难,故混纺面料染色时非常容易造成色差,本发明中加入
四是本发明不但大大加快了染色速度,而且去除了高温染色的环节,整个工艺有效节省了能源,节能、环保,符合国家对纺织行业的环保要求。
具体实施方式
一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
A、常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至48℃,得到混合染液,备用;
B、向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;
C、边搅拌,边升温,在12min内升温至80℃,恒温处理35min;
D、降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。
所述的步骤A中,所述的化合物I的化学式为:
所述的R为仲辛基;所述R在苯环上的对位取代。
所述的步骤A中,所述的混合染液,由以下重量百分比的组份组成:植物染色剂6%、碳酸氢钠1.75%、二氢咪唑0.7%、季铵盐类化合物0.2%、二乙三胺2.5%、乙酸乙酯8%、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯2.5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3.5%、化合物I 1.5%和水余量。
所述的季铵盐类化合物为2,3-环氧丙基三乙基氯化铵。
所述的植物染色剂为芡实壳天然染料。
所述的步骤B中,混合染液与涤棉混纺面料的质量比为12:1。
实施例2
一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
A、常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至40℃,得到混合染液,备用;
B、向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;
C、边搅拌,边升温,在15min内升温至75℃,恒温处理45min;
D、降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。
所述的步骤A中,所述的化合物I的化学式为:
所述的R为正壬基中;所述R在苯环上的邻位进行取代。
所述的步骤A中,所述的混合染液,由以下重量百分比的组份组成:植物染色剂12%、碳酸氢钠0.5%、二氢咪唑1%、季铵盐类化合物0.1%、二乙三胺4%、乙酸乙酯4%、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯3%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3%、化合物I 3%和水余量。
所述的季铵盐类化合物为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。
所述的植物染色剂为紫蓝藤萃取液。
所述的步骤B中,混合染液与涤棉混纺面料的质量比为8:1。
实施例3
一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
A、常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至40-50℃,得到混合染液,备用;
B、向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;
C、边搅拌,边升温,在8min内升温至85℃,恒温处理30min;
D、降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。
所述的步骤A中,所述的化合物I的化学式为:
所述的R为2,6-二甲基戊基;所述R在苯环上的间位进行取代。
所述的步骤A中,所述的混合染液,由以下重量百分比的组份组成:植物染色剂5%、碳酸氢钠2%、二氢咪唑0.5%、季铵盐类化合物0.3%、二乙三胺2%、乙酸乙酯10%、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯1%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠5%、化合物I 1%和水余量。
所述的季铵盐类化合物为2,3-环氧丙基三乙基氯化铵。
所述的植物染色剂为栀子黄天然染料。
所述的步骤B中,混合染液与涤棉混纺面料的质量比为15:1。
对比例1
将实施例1中的化合物I去除,其余配比和制备方法不变。
对比例2
将实施例1中的二氢咪唑去除,其余配比和制备方法不变。
对比例3
将实施例2中的化合物I去除,其余配比和制备方法不变。
对比例4
将实施例2中的二氢咪唑去除,其余配比和制备方法不变。
以下对实施例1-3和对比例1的样品进行色牢度和染色均匀性测试,具体的检测结果见表1,检测时染色的面料为涤纶/棉质量比为1:1的混纺面料。
表1:样品的色牢度和染色均匀性测试结果;
50次水洗色牢度 50次皂洗色牢度 染色均匀性
实施例1 5级 4级 染色均匀
实施例2 4级 4级 染色均匀
实施例3 5级 4级 染色均匀
对比例1 4级 4级 染色均匀
对比例2 5级 4级 染色均匀
对比例3 2级 2级 染色均匀
对比例4 4级 4级 染色不均匀
由以上测试结果可以知道,本发明的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,具有非常好的色牢度和染色均匀性;在深色染色处理过程中,化合物I对于色牢度影响较大,而二氢咪唑对染色均匀性影响较大。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:包括以下步骤:
A、常温下将植物染色剂、碳酸氢钠、二氢咪唑、季铵盐类化合物、二乙三胺、乙酸乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和化合物I加水混合均匀后,加热至40-50℃,得到混合染液,备用;
B、向染色机中加入混合染液并加入涤棉混纺面料;
C、边搅拌,边升温,在8-15min内升温至75-85℃,恒温处理30-45min;
D、降温至常温,出缸并进行常规的柔软定型处理,即可。
2.如权利要求1所述的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,其特征在于,所述的步骤A中,所述的化合物I的化学式为:
所述的R为仲辛基、2,6-二甲基戊基、正壬基中的任意一种;所述R可以在苯环上的任一位置进行取代(如邻位、对位、间位)。
3.如权利要求1所述的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,其特征在于,所述的R为仲辛基;所述R在苯环上的对位取代。
4.如权利要求1所述的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,其特征在于,所述的步骤A中,所述的混合染液,由以下重量百分比的组份组成:植物染色剂5-12%、碳酸氢钠0.5-2%、二乙三胺2-4%、乙酸乙酯4-10%、二甲基丙烯酸四乙二醇酯1-3%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3-5%、化合物I 1-3%和水余量。
5.如权利要求1所述的涤棉混纺面料的快速染色工艺,其特征在于,所述的步骤B中,混合染液与涤棉混纺面料的质量比为(8-15):1。
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Application publication date: 20190430