CN109686217B - Self-circulation device for testing utilization coefficient of irrigation water for furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation - Google Patents
Self-circulation device for testing utilization coefficient of irrigation water for furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109686217B CN109686217B CN201910070162.5A CN201910070162A CN109686217B CN 109686217 B CN109686217 B CN 109686217B CN 201910070162 A CN201910070162 A CN 201910070162A CN 109686217 B CN109686217 B CN 109686217B
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-filling test device under the condition of water-saving irrigation, which is a self-circulation test device for testing the utilization coefficient of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation water, and comprises a tank body, wherein a furrow irrigation tank, a water tank, a triangular weir tank, an overflow canal and a filter tank are respectively arranged in the tank body, two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank and between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and the water tank and the triangular weir tank are connected through a water conduit; a ditch is arranged on the upper layer of soil of the ditch irrigation pool, a drain pipe is paved on the lower layer of soil of the ditch irrigation pool, and water seepage holes are formed in the drain pipes; and overflow channels and a filter tank are arranged on the other sides of the ditch irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and the bottom of the filter tank is communicated with the water tank by a backflow water pipe. The invention has reasonable structure and simple and convenient operation, can demonstrate the irrigation process of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation, can calculate the effective irrigation utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the irrigation water saving and water retaining conditions, and is economical and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water-saving irrigation mode test device, in particular to a self-circulation test device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation.
Background
The area of ground irrigation in China reaches more than 95% of the total irrigation area, and the furrow irrigation in northern areas is most common, wherein the furrow irrigation is an irrigation method in which cultivated land is divided into strip-shaped furrow fields by soil ridges, water flows on the furrow fields to form a thin water layer, and the water flows along the length direction of the furrow and infiltrates soil under the action of gravity. The furrow irrigation is suitable for narrow row spacing crops such as wheat, millet, peanut and the like, and is also commonly adopted in irrigation of vegetables, pastures and nursery. The furrow irrigation is a better irrigation method commonly applied to the cultivated crops in the ground irrigation of China. The irrigation technique is implemented by firstly digging irrigation ditches among crop rows, and after irrigation water enters the irrigation ditches from the water delivery ditches or the rough ditches, the irrigation water permeates from the ditch bottom and the ditch walls to the periphery by virtue of soil capillary action in the flowing process so as to moisten the soil. Compared with furrow irrigation, furrow irrigation has the advantages of water saving, soil moisture conservation, no damage to soil structure and the like, and is suitable for irrigation of crops with wide row spacing such as cotton, corn, sugarcane and the like. However, under experimental conditions, the prior art lacks a test device capable of demonstrating the irrigation process of furrow irrigation and simultaneously calculating the effective irrigation utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the water saving and water retaining conditions of the furrow irrigation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the self-circulation device which has reasonable structure and simple and convenient operation, can demonstrate the irrigation process of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation, can calculate the effective irrigation utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation water-saving and water-retaining conditions, and is economical and practical and used for testing the irrigation water utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation.
The invention discloses a self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation water, which comprises a tank body and is characterized in that a furrow irrigation tank, a water tank, a triangular weir tank, an overflow canal and a filter tank are respectively arranged in the tank body, the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank are arranged side by side and separated by a partition wall, two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank and between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and triangular weir plates are respectively arranged at one sides close to the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and the water tank and the two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively connected through a water conduit;
soil is arranged in each of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, a ditch is arranged on the upper layer of the soil of the ditch irrigation pool, a drain pipe is paved on the lower layer of the soil of the furrow irrigation pool, and water seepage holes are formed in the drain pipes; an overflow channel is arranged at the other side of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, namely at the water outflow position, and water measuring gauges are arranged at the outer wall of the overflow channel, at the position corresponding to each ditch and the position corresponding to the furrow irrigation pool; the end of the overflow channel is provided with a filter tank, the bottom of the filter tank is connected with a backflow water pipe, and the other end of the backflow water pipe is communicated with the water tank.
Preferably, the drain pipe is obliquely arranged in a mode of high inside and low outside, the outer end head extends out and is provided with a piston plug, the drain pipe is wrapped with non-woven fabrics, and a layer of filtering sand layer of 3 cm-5 cm is buried above the drain pipe.
Preferably, the overflow canal bottom is higher than the bottoms of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, the canal top is slightly lower than the tops of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, and the overflow canal bottom is provided with 1% slope.
Preferably, the filter tank adopts a single-layer filter tank with quartz sand as a filter material.
Preferably, each water conduit is provided with a water meter and a valve, each water conduit of the water tank is connected with a water pump, and the backflow water pipe of the filter tank is also connected with a water pump.
The furrow irrigation pool is characterized in that the furrow irrigation pool is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic into a rectangular shell, the top of the rectangular shell is open, homogeneous soil is filled in the rectangular shell, and 3U-shaped ditches are arranged on the upper layer of the soil of the furrow irrigation pool; the shape of the furrow irrigation pool is the same as that of the furrow irrigation device, but no ditch is arranged; the overflow canal is positioned at the other side of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, irrigation water is irrigated into the pool from the water tank, and when the irrigation water flows to the overflow canal, the irrigation in the pool is finished; a filter tank for filtering sediment from irrigation water in the overflow channel; a water tank which provides irrigation water on one hand and receives irrigation water from the filter tank on the other hand; the water diversion pipes are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation pool as well as between the water tank and the furrow irrigation pool to convey irrigation water; the drain pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, one drain pipe is arranged every 60cm, the drain pipes are PVC pipes, and water seepage holes are fully formed in the pipes.
When the irrigation device is actually used, the outer port of the drain pipe is plugged by the piston plug, the power supply of the water pump is turned on, and irrigation water can enter the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool through the water diversion pipe. When irrigation is excessive, irrigation water can enter the water tank again through the overflow canal, the filter tank and the backflow water pipe. After stopping irrigation, the piston of the drain pipe is opened, and the water can be quickly drained outwards.
The invention is used for simulating furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation indoors, irrigation can be controlled by a water meter, water level is monitored in real time by using a water meter, irrigation effective utilization coefficients of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation are calculated, irrigation effective utilization rates and irrigation effects of the furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation are compared, and irrigation water recycling can be realized by using an overflow channel, a filter tank and a backflow water pipe. Before the test starts, filling a layer of air-dried and screened homogeneous soil at the bottoms of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, tamping, filling a drain pipe, filling a layer of filtering sand layer around the drain pipe to prevent soil particles from blocking water seepage holes, and finally continuously filling the homogeneous soil to the position of 2/3-4/5 of the total height of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, and tamping. When the test is carried out, ditching treatment is carried out on the ditch irrigation pool, the pool is filled with water, the power supply of the water pump is turned on, and irrigation water can enter the ditch irrigation pool and the ditch irrigation pool. When irrigation is excessive, irrigation water can enter the water tank again through the overflow canal, the filter tank and the backflow water pipe, so that the reuse of the irrigation water is realized. After the irrigation is stopped, the piston plugs of the drain pipes are opened, so that irrigation water staying in the furrow irrigation pond and the furrow irrigation pond can be rapidly discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the self-circulation device has reasonable structure and simple and convenient operation, can demonstrate the irrigation process of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation, can calculate the effective irrigation utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation water-saving and water-retaining conditions, and is economical and practical and used for testing the irrigation water utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a test device for simulating the effect of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the section in the direction A-A in FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the B-B direction section in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the C-C direction section in fig. 1.
The figure shows: 1 is a filter tank, 2 is a water pump, 3 is a valve, 4 is a water meter, 5 is a backflow water pipe, 6 is a drain pipe, 7 is a furrow irrigation pool, 8 is a piston plug, 9 is a water conduit II, 10 is a water pool, 11 is a triangular weir plate, 12 is a triangular weir pool, 13 is a partition wall, 14 is a water conduit I, 15 is a furrow irrigation pool, 16 is a drain pipe, 17 is a water gauge, 18 is an overflow channel outer wall, and 19 is an overflow channel.
Detailed Description
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-5, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is a self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation, which comprises a tank body, wherein a furrow irrigation tank, a water tank, a triangular weir tank, an overflow canal and a filtering tank are respectively arranged in the tank body, the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank are arranged side by side and separated by a partition wall, two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank and between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank, the triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged at one sides close to the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and the water tank and the two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively connected through a water conduit.
Soil is arranged in each of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, a ditch is arranged on the upper layer of the soil of the ditch irrigation pool, a drain pipe is paved on the lower layer of the soil of the furrow irrigation pool, and water seepage holes are formed in the drain pipes; an overflow channel is arranged at the other side of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, namely at the water outflow position, and water measuring gauges are arranged at the outer wall of the overflow channel, at the position corresponding to each ditch and the position corresponding to the furrow irrigation pool; the end of the overflow channel is provided with a filter tank, the bottom of the filter tank is connected with a backflow water pipe, and the other end of the backflow water pipe is communicated with the water tank.
Each water diversion pipe is provided with a water meter and a valve, each water diversion pipe is connected with a water pump, and a backflow water pipe of the filter tank is also connected with the water pump. The filter tank adopts a single-layer filter tank with quartz sand as a filter material.
The ditch irrigation pool of the embodiment is characterized in that the ditch irrigation pool is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic into a rectangular shell, the top of the rectangular shell is open, the shell is filled with homogeneous soil, and 3U-shaped ditches are arranged on the upper layer of the soil of the ditch irrigation pool; the shape of the furrow irrigation pool is the same as that of the furrow irrigation device, but no ditch is arranged; the overflow canal is positioned at the other side of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, irrigation water is irrigated into the pool from the water tank, and when the irrigation water flows to the overflow canal, the irrigation in the pool is finished; a filter tank for filtering sediment from irrigation water in the overflow channel; a water tank which provides irrigation water on one hand and receives irrigation water from the filter tank on the other hand; the water diversion pipes are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation pool as well as between the water tank and the furrow irrigation pool to convey irrigation water; the drain pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, one drain pipe is arranged every 60cm, the drain pipes are PVC pipes, and water seepage holes are fully formed in the pipes.
When the irrigation device is used, the outer port of the drain pipe is plugged by the piston plug, the power supply of the water pump is turned on, and irrigation water enters the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool through the water diversion pipe. When irrigation is excessive, irrigation water can enter the water tank again through the overflow canal, the filter tank and the backflow water pipe. After stopping irrigation, the piston of the drain pipe is opened, and the water can be quickly drained outwards.
In indoor simulation furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation, irrigation can be controlled through a water meter, water level is monitored in real time by using a water measuring scale, irrigation effective utilization coefficients of furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation are calculated, irrigation effective utilization rates and irrigation effects of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation are compared, and irrigation water recycling can be realized by using an overflow channel, a filter tank and a backflow water pipe.
Example 2: compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment is different in that: the drain pipe incline to set up with inside high outside low mode, the outer end stretches out and is equipped with the piston end cap, the drain pipe all has the non-woven fabrics, and the filtration sand layer of a layer 3cm ~ 5cm is buried to its top.
Example 3: compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment is different in that: the overflow canal is higher than the bottoms of the furrow irrigation pond and the furrow irrigation pond, the canal top is slightly lower than the tops of the furrow irrigation pond and the furrow irrigation pond, and the overflow canal is provided with 1% of slope.
Claims (8)
1. The self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation water comprises a tank body and is characterized in that a furrow irrigation tank, a water tank, a triangular weir tank, an overflow canal and a filter tank are respectively arranged in the tank body, the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank are arranged side by side and separated by a partition wall, two sections of triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged between the water tank and the furrow irrigation tank, the triangular weir tanks are respectively arranged on one side close to the furrow irrigation tank and the furrow irrigation tank, and are respectively connected with each other by a water conduit;
soil is arranged in each of the ditch irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, a ditch is arranged on the upper layer of the soil of the ditch irrigation pool, a drain pipe is paved on the lower layer of the soil of the furrow irrigation pool, and water seepage holes are formed in the drain pipes; an overflow channel is arranged at the other side of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, namely at the water outflow position, and water measuring gauges are arranged at the outer wall of the overflow channel, at the position corresponding to each ditch and the position corresponding to the furrow irrigation pool; the end of the overflow channel is provided with a filter tank, the bottom of the filter tank is connected with a backflow water pipe, and the other end of the backflow water pipe is communicated with the water tank.
2. The self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation according to claim 1, wherein the drain pipes are obliquely arranged in a mode of being higher in the inside and lower in the outside, the outer end heads extend out and are provided with piston plugs, the drain pipes are all wrapped with non-woven fabrics, and a filtering sand layer of 3 cm-5 cm is buried above the drain pipes.
3. The self-circulation device for measuring the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the overflow channel bottom is higher than the bottoms of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, the channel top is slightly lower than the tops of the furrow irrigation pool and the furrow irrigation pool, and the overflow channel bottom is provided with 1% slope.
4. The self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter adopts a single-layer filter with quartz sand as a filter material.
5. The self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filter adopts a single-layer filter with quartz sand as a filter material.
6. The self-circulation device for testing the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each water conduit is provided with a water meter and a valve, each water conduit of the pond is connected with a water pump, and the backflow water pipe of the pond is also connected with a water pump.
7. The self-circulation device for measuring the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation as claimed in claim 3, wherein each water conduit is provided with a water meter and a valve, each water conduit of the pond is connected with a water pump, and the backflow water pipe of the pond is also connected with a water pump.
8. The self-circulating apparatus for measuring the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation as claimed in claim 5, wherein each water conduit is provided with a water meter and a valve, each water conduit of the pond is connected with a water pump, and the return water pipe of the pond is also connected with a water pump.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910070162.5A CN109686217B (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Self-circulation device for testing utilization coefficient of irrigation water for furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation |
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| CN201910070162.5A CN109686217B (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Self-circulation device for testing utilization coefficient of irrigation water for furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation |
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| CN109686217B true CN109686217B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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