CN109652656A - A kind of precious metal alloys purification process of enriching and refinement oxide furnace - Google Patents
A kind of precious metal alloys purification process of enriching and refinement oxide furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109652656A CN109652656A CN201910086612.XA CN201910086612A CN109652656A CN 109652656 A CN109652656 A CN 109652656A CN 201910086612 A CN201910086612 A CN 201910086612A CN 109652656 A CN109652656 A CN 109652656A
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- lead
- furnace
- cupola well
- oxide
- electrum
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- 229910000923 precious metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910001254 electrum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XXOYNJXVWVNOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenuron Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XXOYNJXVWVNOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical compound O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 84
- IYNWNKYVHCVUCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth Chemical compound [Bi].[Bi] IYNWNKYVHCVUCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenious Acid Chemical compound O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 moisture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BMSYAGRCQOYYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [As].[As] Chemical compound [As].[As] BMSYAGRCQOYYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZOZCAZYAWIWQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Ni]=O Chemical compound [Ni].[Ni]=O WZOZCAZYAWIWQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1l9hgr Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe] NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WUOBERCRSABHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diantimony Chemical compound [Sb]#[Sb] WUOBERCRSABHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinuclear copper ion Chemical compound [Cu].[Cu] ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLOKPANHZRKTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+);oxygen(2-);tin(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sn+4].[Pb+2] MLOKPANHZRKTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of precious metal alloys purification process of enriching and refinement oxide furnace, technique includes the reduction melting of leaded bismuth, tin anode mud, and vacuum drying oven separates electrum, the process of refinement oxide furnace removal of impurities；The refinement oxide furnace of enrichment gold and silver is purified for precious metal alloys；Including the tunnel furnace body as constructed by furnace wall (1), furnace roof (2) and furnace bottom (3)；Cupola well (8), cupola well seat (9) and movable siege (10) are equipped with below furnace cavity (4).Present invention process is easy, can reduce production cost, gold and silver direct yield is increased to 97.5-99%, Environmental Safety；Refinement oxide furnace has the characteristics that treating capacity is big, low energy consumption, automatization level is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nonferrous metallurgy melting technique fields, and in particular to a kind of precious metal alloys purification process of enriching and oxygen
Change refining furnace.
Background technique
The alloy containing noble metal obtained after the enriched reduction melting of the materials containing gold and silver such as the earth of positive pole is molten is known as noble metal conjunction
Gold, its component are different because of material source difference.Common are precious metals containing lead alloy, your bismuth alloy, your tin alloy etc., since lead is
The best trapping agent of noble metal.So lead will be added in the case where lead content is low to trap noble metal.So lead and silver are
The content of the main component of precious metals containing lead, other impurities metal is different and different with the source of material.The content of gold is also with the change of material
Change and changes.The processing of precious metals containing lead generallys use pyro-refining to purify the domestic manufacturing enterprise with scale at present, except using complete
Outside wet processing, point silver stove is mostly used to refine precious metals containing lead greatly, obtains using after containing 98.5% electrum plate for silver electrolysis.
Currently used gold and silver precious metal smelting technique has the following problems referring to 1 process flow of attached drawing, the technique:
1) output refining slag needs reduction melting output alloy again after precious metal alloys are divided silver stove refinement oxide, and production cost increases
Add；
2) gold and silver direct yield is low, about 92.5-93%.
On 09 08th, 1999, Chinese utility model patent Authorization Notice No.: CN2337500Y disclosed a kind of lead drum
Wind oxidation furnace, including heating-range, market pot and blender, a seal closure to socket-connect with market pot, the cover and lead liquid surface
A confined chamber is surrounded jointly, outside confined chamber, the air blower that air can be blasted in it equipped with one, in stirring arbor and sealing
Between cover, a seal member is housed.Blender used by the technical solution and seal closure although overcome due to air-vent and into
Air port is all above oxidation pot, and the oxygen in gas cannot completely arrive at lead liquid surface, cause production efficiency low, and lead oxidizability is poor
The problem of, but blender work is in the high temperature environment, service life is very short, causes production cost high；There are also be exactly
It is stirred machine and stirs the melt oxidation lead liquid raised, it is easy to which gasification volatilization, not only oxidation lead recovery is low, also polluted ring
Border.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of precious metal alloys to purify process of enriching, which can reduce production
Cost, gold and silver direct yield are increased to 97.5-99%, Environmental Safety；The present invention also provides one kind for precious metal alloys purification enrichment
The refinement oxide furnace of gold and silver has the characteristics that treating capacity is big, low energy consumption, automatization level is high.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and precious metal alloys of the present invention purify process of enriching, including leaded, bismuth, tin
The reduction melting of the earth of positive pole, vacuum drying oven separate electrum, and the process of refinement oxide furnace removal of impurities obtains the higher gold and silver of purity and closes
Gold makes gold and silver direct yield be increased to 97.5-99%；It specifically includes:
A, the reduction melting of leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud
By leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud material conventional reduction melting technique, precious metal alloys are obtained；
B, vacuum drying oven separates electrum
Precious metal alloys are separated by vacuum drying oven, and the thick electrum and base metal for obtaining mass percent purity 45-55% close
Gold；Lowpriced metal alloy is handled with common process, further extracts copper, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, antimony, nickel；
C, refinement oxide furnace cleans
The refinement oxide process of thick electrum is divided into three phases:
1) melting of thick electrum and decortication stage
First by cupola well in refinement oxide furnace 800~900 DEG C of high temperature preheating 30min, remove organic matter in cupola well, moisture,
Carbon dioxide and other volatile materials；
It again from vacuum drying oven thick electrum obtained after separation, is placed in the refinement oxide furnace cupola well of red heat, closes fire door, control
950-1100 DEG C of furnace temperature processed, thick electrum fusing is made to generate molten lead liquid；Originally there is one layer of furvous on molten lead liquid surface
Dross, by 10~20min, black scum disappears, and fusion of lead starts shinny, and the fusion of lead table of radiance is then presented between a moment
Face makes fusion of lead generate decortication phenomenon；
2) oxidation and absorption stage
After fusion of lead decortication, furnace temperature adjustment is reduced to 950 DEG C；Air is allowed to enter furnace cavity from the blast orifice of refinement oxide furnace,
At this time due in thick electrum the surface of contained fusion of lead contact with the oxygen in air to be oxidized and become PbO and generate heat, melt
The temperature of lead increases significantly compared with the temperature around furnace cavity, thus fusion of lead surface oxidation lead film is shinny；
Since the lead oxide film of molten is different from the surface tension of fusion of lead, the lead oxide of most molten is by cupola well table
Face is wet, and by the effect of surface tension, cunning is branched away from fusion of lead surface, and the capillary in porosity cupola well cylinder body is made
Under, absorption is infiltrated in porous cupola well cylinder body；And fraction lead oxide falls in gaseous volatilization；Above-mentioned fusion of lead due to
Cohesive force is big, will not be penetrated into and absorb by cupola well cylinder body；It is penetrated into cupola well when lead oxide film is branched away from cunning on fusion of lead surface, dew
New fusion of lead surface is oxidized again out, and the lead oxide film of the molten just generated is penetrated by cupola well cylinder body absorb again, so
Constantly repeatedly, thick electrum is gradually concentrated；
Since lead oxide is absorbed by cupola well cylinder body, it will appear a red annulus around cupola well inner surface, position exists just
Above fusion of lead；
3) color and flash stage are dazzled
Temperature is increased before refinement oxide process will terminate, last temperature should reach 1100 DEG C；With thick electrum
It is gradually concentrated, the continuous reduction of fusion of lead, the ratio of gold and silver increases；The proportional components of silver increase, and stay in cupola well the bottom of a pan center
Electrum, which can be presented on the phenomenon that rotating in cupola well and be accompanied by, dazzles color like rainbow shape；Color is dazzled persistently after several seconds, color
Coloured silk disappears, and particle is dimmed immediately, and finally glittering is primary brilliant on particle after clock every few seconds, and phosphere occur indicates that thick gold and silver closes
Contained fusion of lead is fully oxidized to lead oxide and is absorbed by cupola well cylinder body in gold, and refinement oxide came to an end already, can will be left in
The refining electrum in cupola well the bottom of a pan center takes out；
Impurity in above-mentioned thick electrum is also also oxidized during refinement oxide, the sequencing that they are aoxidized, and each
The formation calorific value of kind metal oxide is related with the size of free energy；Zinc, tin, iron, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, the calorific value of antimony and free energy row
Before lead, bismuth, copper, the heat content of tellurium and free energy are come after lead；By calorific value and the successively oxidation of free energy sequence；Above-mentioned impurity
The oxide generated in refinement oxide, some are escaped in gas, and some oxides can be dissolved in lead oxide, with oxidation
Lead is also absorbed into cupola well cylinder body and is removed.
During above-mentioned refinement oxide, in the 1.5% of the total lead oxide weight of lead oxide Zhan that gaseous volatilization falls；98.5% oxygen
Change lead and absorption is penetrated by porous cupola well cylinder body.
A kind of refinement oxide furnace purifying enrichment gold and silver for precious metal alloys of the invention；Including by furnace wall, furnace roof and
Tunnel furnace body constructed by furnace bottom；It is furnace cavity above tunnel furnace interior；Furnace wall side, which has, to be led in furnace cavity
Flue, flue delivery outlet connect dust-precipitator through condenser system；There are the blast orifice led in furnace cavity, blast orifice in the furnace wall other side
Outer connection air blower；Equipped with natural gas burning nozzle on above-mentioned furnace roof；Cupola well, cupola well seat and work are equipped with below above-mentioned furnace cavity
Dynamic siege, the track uplink that the running wheel of movable siege can be laid in the furnace bottom below above-mentioned tunnel furnace interior
It walks, cupola well cylinder body is mounted in cupola well seat, and cupola well seat is built on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege, keeps cupola well cylinder body opposite
Furnace cavity moves；
The furnace roof and furnace wall are built into clay refractory brick；
The cupola well seat is made of shield frame and frame bottom, protects frame high-alumina brick or clay is brick out, the smooth magnesium of frame bottom
It is brick on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege, be packed into the loess of 20 mesh of sieving in shield frame bottom, and ramming is at soil thickness
The pot type pit foundation of 200~300mm, pot type pit foundation depth are 100~200mm, and size matches with cupola well cylinder body appearance.
The cupola well is circle pot bottom-shape, can be cement cupola well or magnesia cupola well.
The present invention is using vacuum drying oven separation gold and silver and other smithcrafts, the expensive electrum of output and lowpriced metal alloy, drop
Low production cost.During refinement oxide, gold and silver is not only separated with lead the present invention, while can also will enter thick electrum
In impurity remove；Therefore the refining electrum particle that finally obtains is purer, and refinement oxide process time is shorter, about with
The speed of 0.8~1.0g/min carries out, fast and convenient, the good separation of refinement oxide means, and direct yield is high.
Refinement oxide furnace of the invention is the small-sized tunnel furnace of a burning natural gas, furnace wall, furnace roof, furnace bottom and leads to furnace
Flue in thorax space is fixed；And cupola well cylinder body, cupola well seat and movable siege are then moveable；Facilitate cupola well cylinder body
Replacement；Especially with disposable cement cupola well or magnesia cupola well, the lead oxide for penetrating into absorption can be recycled, this makes
It operates more easy.Productivity effect is significant, and gold and silver direct yield is increased to 97.5-99%.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention using circle pot bottom-shape cement cupola well or magnesia cupola well, without using blender,
Greatly reduce the gasification volatilization of melt oxidation lead liquid, the lead oxide that falls of actual measurement gaseous volatilization only the total lead oxide weight of Zhan 1.5%,
Reduce environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is common gold and silver precious metal smelting process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is present invention process flow diagram.
Fig. 3 is refinement oxide furnace figure of the present invention.
In attached drawing: 1 furnace wall；2 furnace roofs；3 furnace bottoms；4 furnace cavities；5 flues；6 blast orifices；7 burning nozzles；8 cupola wells；9 furnaces
Cylinder seat；10 movable sieges；11 running wheels；12 tracks.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention is limited in any way, base
In present invention teach that made any transformation, each falls within the scope of the present invention.
With reference to a kind of precious metal alloys of attached drawing 2 purification process of enriching, the reduction melting including leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud, very
Empty furnace separates electrum, and the process of refinement oxide furnace removal of impurities obtains the higher electrum of purity, improves gold and silver direct yield
To 97.5-99%；During the refinement oxide, in the 1.5% of the total lead oxide weight of lead oxide Zhan that gaseous volatilization falls；
98.5% lead oxide is penetrated by porous cupola well (8) cylinder body and is absorbed.
A kind of refinement oxide furnace purifying enrichment gold and silver for precious metal alloys；See attached drawing 3, including by furnace wall (1), furnace roof
(2) and tunnel furnace body constructed by furnace bottom (3)；It is characterized by: being furnace cavity (4) above tunnel furnace interior；Furnace wall
(1) there is the flue (5) led in furnace cavity (4) in side, and flue delivery outlet connects dust-precipitator through condenser system；Furnace wall (1) is another
There is the blast orifice (6) led in furnace cavity (4) in side, and blast orifice (6) connects air blower outside；Day is housed on above-mentioned furnace roof (2)
Fuel gas buring nozzle (7)；Cupola well (8), cupola well seat (9) and movable siege (10), travelling oven are equipped with below above-mentioned furnace cavity (4)
It walks on the track (12) that the running wheel (11) of bed can be laid in the furnace bottom (3) below above-mentioned tunnel furnace interior,
Cupola well (8) cylinder body is mounted in cupola well seat (9), and cupola well seat (9) is built on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege (10), makes cupola well
(8) cylinder body can be moved relative to furnace cavity (4)；
The furnace roof (2) and furnace wall (1) are built into clay refractory brick；
The cupola well seat (9) is made of shield frame and frame bottom, protect frame high-alumina brick or clay it is brick go out, frame bottom is with smooth
Magnesia brick is built on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege (10), is packed into the loess of 20 mesh of sieving in shield frame bottom, and ramming is at soil layer
The pot type pit foundation of 200~300mm of thickness, pot type pit foundation depth are 100~200mm, outside size and cupola well (8) cylinder body
Table matches；
The cupola well (8) is circle pot bottom-shape, can be cement cupola well or magnesia cupola well.
The invention patent refinement oxide furnace is the small-sized tunnel furnace of a burning natural gas；Furnace wall (1), furnace roof (2), furnace bottom
(3) and flue (5) is fixed.And movable siege (10) and cupola well (8) are then moveable.Cupola well (8) after damage can
With replacement.
Refinement oxide process:
The thick electrum of vacuum drying oven content 45-55% obtained after separation is placed in cupola well (8), 950 DEG C -1100 DEG C of temperature control
Refinement oxide is carried out, fusion of lead is contacted with the oxygen in air at this time becomes lead oxide, most of due to the effect of surface tension
PbO is absorbed by porous cupola well (8), and fraction vapors away, and gold and silver is not oxidized, is stayed among cupola well (8) at graininess.Root
It is called refinement oxide according to the oxidizing semlting process for being higher than metal oxide fusing point in metallurgy, therefore we claim this separation means
It is refinement oxide process.
Refinement oxide is the important means that noble metal is separated with lead in metal.In refinement oxide, first cupola well (8) is existed
It is preheated in 800~900 DEG C of high temperature, removes organic matter, moisture, carbon dioxide and the other volatility objects in cupola well (8)
After matter, then the thick electrum of content 45-55% is put on the cupola well (8) of red heat.If cupola well (8) preheating time not enough if
The thick electrum of content 45-55% is put, then remaining gas evolution in cupola well (8) breaks through fusion of lead liquid level, small lead is dripped
It dishes out, this phenomenon is called " spitting " (spitting).After the thick electrum fusing of content 45-55%, the surface of fusion of lead
Oxidation by air forms one layer of lead oxide film.The lead oxide of molten and the surface tension of fusion of lead are different, lead oxide energy quilt
Cupola well (8) surface wettability and absorb in porous cupola well (8) (capillarity), the cohesive force of fusion of lead is big, not by furnace
Cylinder (8) absorbs.The lead oxide of melting is penetrated into from sliding on fusion of lead surface in cupola well (8), is exposed new surface and is oxidized again,
The lead oxide of the molten just generated is absorbed by cupola well (8) again, so constantly repeatedly, until lead is fully oxidized to lead oxide by furnace
Until cylinder (8) absorbs.In the process, only about 1.5% lead oxide is evaporate into air in steam, 98.5% or so oxygen
Change lead to be absorbed by cupola well (8).Gold and silver is not oxidized.After being absorbed at lead oxide by cupola well (8) with lead, gold and silver is gradually concentrated, to
This process is finished, and gold and silver stays in cupola well (8) recess portion center.Impurity in the thick electrum of content 45-55% is aoxidizing
It is also oxidized in refining process, the sequencing that they are aoxidized, the size with the formation heat and free energy of various metal oxides
It is related.Zinc, tin, iron, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, antimony are before lead oxidation, and successively oxidation in order, wherein zinc is oxidized to zinc oxide at first,
Tin takes second place ....It is bismuth, copper, tellurium oxidation after lead oxidation.The oxide that these impurity are generated in refinement oxide, some is at gas
Body escapes (such as As2O3、Sb2O3), some oxides can be dissolved in lead oxide (such as copper oxide), as lead oxide is also absorbed
It is removed in cupola well (8).
During refinement oxide, gold and silver is not only separated with lead, while can also close the thick gold and silver for entering content 45-55%
Impurity in gold removes.Therefore the purer refinement oxide process time of gold and silver particle that finally obtains is shorter, about with 0.8~
The speed of 1.0g/min carries out, fast and convenient, the good separation of refinement oxide means, and direct yield is high.This is other oxidations
Refine unexistent advantage.Refinement oxide process can be divided into three phases: the loading of the thick electrum of content 45-55% and
Fusing, content 45-55% thick electrum oxidation and absorption, dazzle color and flash of light；
(1) it melts and peels,
The thick electrum of content 45-55% is put into the cupola well (8) for preheating 30min at 900 DEG C, fire door is closed, if cupola well
(8) it has been fully warmed-up, then the thick electrum of content 45-55% should melt immediately.Originally there is the floating of one layer of furvous on surface
Slag disappears, fusion of lead starts shinny, and light is then presented between a moment if in-furnace temperature is suitable by 10~20min black scum
The fusion of lead surface of brightness, this phenomenon are called decortication.If delaying 20~30min to peel not yet, it may be possible to high temperature furnace
The too low perhaps cupola well (8) of temperature is not fully warmed-up or furnace atmosphere is strong oxidizing property, or because content 45-55%
Thick electrum in there are the impurity such as a large amount of tin, nickel.The oxide ester mp of tin, nickel is very high, is covered on the table of fusion of lead
On face.If impurity is too many in the thick electrum of content 45-55%, only temperature oxidation refining, but such gold, silver are being increased
Loss increase.If the thick electrum of content 45-55% is purer, only because furnace temperature is too low, then it is added what a small amount of reduction furnace generated
Lead oxide can be reduced into metallic lead by reducing atmosphere, and the thick electrum of content 45-55% is promoted to peel；
(2) it aoxidizes and absorbs
Air is allowed to enter burner hearth after decortication, furnace temperature can be reduced to 950 DEG C, and the temperature of the temperature of fusion of lead relatively surrounding has aobvious at this time
The raising of work, this is because caused by lead is oxidized and generates heat, thus fusion of lead surface is shinny.The lead oxide melted penetrates into furnace
In cylinder (8), fraction lead oxide is fallen in gaseous volatilization, is risen as cigarette by cupola well (8).Since lead oxide is by cupola well (8)
It absorbs, an annulus occurs around cupola well (8), position is just on fusion of lead.If annulus is shiny red, oxygen is indicated
It is too high to change refining temperature.If refinement oxide temperature is too low, when the temperature on fusion of lead surface is lower than the fusing point of lead oxide, melting
Lead oxide can solidify completely, encase fusion of lead, because having completely cut off air, so fusion of lead is no longer oxidized, refinement oxide also stops
It only carries out, this phenomenon, which is called, to be freezed.Freezeout frequently occurs in the later period of refinement oxide, because at this moment lead is seldom, lead
The heat for being oxidized generation is compared with early period, has been greatly reduced, and the temperature in fusion of lead is reducing.If at this moment furnace temperature does not rise
Height, many cold airs enter in furnace, it is easy to freeze.After freezing, if furnace temperature is increased to refinement oxide again again
Temperature when beginning, resulting analysis result is often because temperature is too high and relatively low.Remedial measure is to take frozen cupola well (8)
Out, add several grams of sheet leads at once, be reentered into the refining of furnace internal oxidition；
(3) color and flash of light are dazzled
Temperature must be increased before refinement oxide process will terminate.Because at this moment the surface of fusion of lead greatly reduces, oxidation
Generated scorching hot amount also accordingly reduces, and because the ratio of gold and silver increases in lead, and alloy is more difficult as fusion of lead is reduced
It melts.In order to eliminate last drop lead, last temperature should reach 1100 DEG C, but also not be too high, and will cause like that
The loss of gold and silver increases.The ingredient of silver is higher, in rotation phenomenon and has continuous color like rainbow, this phenomenon is known as dazzling color.It dazzles
As long as color only lasts for several seconds, after color disappears, particle, that is, dimmed, finally glittering is primary brilliant on particle after clock every few seconds, this
It is the radiance released because of the latent heat of fusion in particle and occurred again suddenly, this phenomenon is referred to as to glisten.There is phosphere
It indicates that refinement oxide came to an end already, silver thick in cupola well (8) can be taken out.
Influence the factor of refinement oxide.
(1) temperature of refinement oxide
Influence of the temperature to refinement oxide be it is very big, should generally control at 950 DEG C -1100 DEG C, jelly can be generated as temperature is too low
Knot, temperature is too high and loss of gold and silver during refinement oxide is caused to increase.It is, in general, that gold and silver be it is dysoxidizable, still
As the temperature rises, the degree of oxidation of gold and silver is also increasing.After gold and silver oxidation, oxide is absorbed into cupola well with lead oxide
(8) in, or it is scattered in cupola well (8) surface, this is the principal element of gold and silver loss, and amount accounts for about the 90% of total loss.It is another
It is a the reason is that the evaporation of gold and silver at high temperature with temperature increase and increase.
The degree that gold and silver loses during entire refinement oxide is different.Very little is lost when beginning, with oxidation
The progress of refining, lead amount gradually decrease, and correspondingly concentration of the gold, silver in lead increases, and the loss of gold, silver is special also with increasing
Not refinement oxide close at the end of, the largest loss.
(2) influence in the presence of base metal to refinement oxide loss
In alloy melting, other than noble metal enters the thick electrum of content 45-55%, there are also it is some easily be reduced or
The element such as copper being easily soluble in lead, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, antimony, nickel etc. can also enter in the thick electrum of content 45-55%.This
After a little base metals enter the thick electrum of content 45-55%, the thick electrum of content 45-55% is hardened, when hammering easy breach.
Not only change the physical property of the thick electrum of content 45-55%, can also oxidizing refining bring difficulty, and your gold made
The loss of category increases；
Copper copper is entered in the thick electrum of content 45-55% with different degree, and copper is oxidized to copper oxide, oxygen when refinement oxide
Change copper to be readily dissolved in lead oxide, it is absorbed in cupola well (8) together with lead oxide.Copper enters the thick gold and silver of content 45-55%
After alloy, the surface tension of fusion of lead can be made to reduce, increase loss of the gold, silver in refinement oxide.It is thick as content 45-55%
When copper in electrum reaches 8.0%, the loss of gold, silver is significantly increased, especially the loss of gold is influenced more significant.
When amount of copper is up to 10.0%, refinement oxide just not can be carried out；
Solubility very little of the nickel nickel oxide in lead oxide, when there are shapes when a small amount of nickel in the thick electrum of content 45-55%
At the dross of dirty-green, a part stays in cupola well (8) top, and another part enters in cupola well (8), slightly in green on cupola well (8).
When in the thick electrum of content 45-55% it is nickeliferous 0.1% or more when, nickel oxide covers the surface of entire fusion of lead, makes to aoxidize
Refining stops carrying out；
Antimony antimony and lead can be mutually dissolved in liquid, thus may contain a large amount of antimony in the thick electrum of content 45-55%.?
When refinement oxide starts, it initially releases the dense smoke of Sb2O3, content 45-55% thick electrum containing antimony be no less than 1% when
It waits, generates the slag of yellow.This slag is made of the oxide of lead and antimony, and a part floats on the surface of fusion of lead,
A part is penetrated into cupola well (8).Volume expansion when this slag solidifies.As in the presence of a large amount of antimony, can make because of this expansion
Cupola well (8) bursts apart, and incurs lead liquid stream and falls.Even if a small amount of antimony there are cupola well (8) can be made slightly to be cracked, and leave yellow dross
It is formed by special burr；
The property of arsenic arsenic is similar with antimony, but arsenic is not easily accessed in the thick electrum of content 45-55%, and in oxidation essence
When refining temperature, the vapour pressure of As2O3 is much higher compared with Sb2O3, volatile removing.Due to the two factors, arsenic and lead oxides
The dross of composition is not allowed easily generated；
Iron iron is the thick electrum that will not enter content 45-55%.External a small amount of iron oxide are dissolved in lead oxide, in furnace
The spot of kermesinus is left on cylinder (8)；
Under conditions of metal, the tin in sample is not easy to be reduced into metal tin, but because tin is soluble in lead, so a part of
Tin can enter in the thick electrum of content 45-55%.In refinement oxide, the tin in the thick electrum of content 45-55% is very
Fast is oxidized to SnO2.When Theil indices are greater than 10.0%, the yellow dross that will form one layer of insoluble lead stannate covers melting
Lead surface, stops refinement oxide；
Bismuth bismuth is easily accessible in the thick electrum of content 45-55%, and the bismuth in the thick electrum of content 45-55% exists
Be when refinement oxide after not oxidizable, all lead is all oxidized, bismuth still together with particle, to the last just aoxidize and by
Cupola well (8) absorbs.An orange-yellow ring is formed around particle.When the bismuth in the thick electrum of content 45-55% is 0.8%
Hereinafter, being influenced without what；When more than 0.8%, the loss of gold, silver increases as bi content increases, and main loss is in cupola well
(8) in；
Tellurium selen-tellurjum selenium has very strong affinity to gold, silver, causes biggish damage to gold, silver during melting and refinement oxide
It loses.Tellurium easily enters in the thick electrum of content 45-55%, and when refinement oxide is not oxidizable, is not easy to blow off when measuring more.Work as sample
The total amount of middle tellurium selenium is 0.6% hereinafter, melting and refinement oxide during does not influence the loss of gold, silver significantly.When tellurium selenium
When measuring more, tellurium can be remained in the gold and silver particle after refinement oxide.When in the thick electrum of content 45-55% selenium containing tellurium up to 3.5%
When, refinement oxide not can be carried out.
Experimentation:
(1) electrum: 500g.Ingredient is as follows:
| Au(g/t) | Ag% | Cu% | Ni% | Sb% | Pb% | As% | Fe% | Sn% | Bi% | TeSe% | |
| Experiment 1 | 2385.00 | 51.30 | 5.87 | 0.05 | 1.20 | 33.00 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 1.70 | 6.15 | 0.15 |
| Experiment 2 | 4512.00 | 55.00 | 8.65 | 0.10 | 5.95 | 19.50 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 9.75 | 0.20 |
| Experiment 3 | 1015 | 45.00 | 10.25 | 0.05 | 4.35 | 30 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 5.65 | 4.25 | 0.15 |
According to electrum content:
1 not distribution lead of experiment, refinement oxide amount time 120min.Refine output electrum 260g argentiferous 98.5%.Silver-colored straight receipts
Rate 97.8%.
Test 2 distribution lead 100g.Refinement oxide amount time 130min.Refine output electrum 278g argentiferous 98.8%.
Silver-colored direct yield 98.8%.
Test 3 distribution lead 200g.Refinement oxide amount time 150min.Refine output electrum 228g argentiferous 98.0%.
Silver-colored direct yield 97.3%.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of precious metal alloys purify process of enriching, the reduction melting including leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud, vacuum drying oven separation gold
Silver alloy, the process of refinement oxide furnace removal of impurities, obtains the higher electrum of purity, gold and silver direct yield is made to be increased to 97.5-
99%；It is characterized in that, specifically including:
A, the reduction melting of leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud
By leaded, bismuth, tin anode mud material conventional reduction melting technique, precious metal alloys are obtained；
B, vacuum drying oven separates electrum
Precious metal alloys are separated by vacuum drying oven, and the thick electrum and base metal for obtaining mass percent purity 45-55% close
Gold；Lowpriced metal alloy is handled with common process, further extracts copper, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, antimony, nickel；
C, refinement oxide furnace cleans
The refinement oxide process of thick electrum is divided into three phases:
1) melting of thick electrum and decortication stage
First by cupola well (8) in refinement oxide furnace 800~900 DEG C of high temperature preheating 30min, remove organic matter in cupola well (8),
Moisture, carbon dioxide and other volatile materials；
It again from vacuum drying oven thick electrum obtained after separation, is placed in the refinement oxide furnace cupola well (8) of red heat, closes furnace
Door controls 950-1100 DEG C of furnace temperature, and thick electrum fusing is made to generate molten lead liquid；Originally have on molten lead liquid surface one layer it is dark
The dross of black, by 10~20min, black scum disappears, and fusion of lead starts shinny, and the melting of radiance is then presented between a moment
Lead surface makes fusion of lead generate decortication phenomenon；
2) oxidation and absorption stage
After fusion of lead decortication, furnace temperature adjustment is reduced to 950 DEG C；Air is allowed to enter burner hearth sky from the blast orifice (6) of refinement oxide furnace
Between (4), at this time due in thick electrum the surface of contained fusion of lead contact with the oxygen in air to be oxidized and become PbO and send out
The temperature of heat, fusion of lead increases significantly compared with the temperature around furnace cavity (4), thus fusion of lead surface oxidation lead film is sent out
It is bright；
Since the lead oxide film of molten is different from the surface tension of fusion of lead, the lead oxide of most molten is by cupola well
(8) surface wettability, by the effect of surface tension, cunning is branched away from fusion of lead surface, in porosity cupola well (8) cylinder body
Under capillarity, absorption is infiltrated in porous cupola well (8) cylinder body；And fraction lead oxide falls in gaseous volatilization；On
Fusion of lead is stated since cohesive force is big, will not be penetrated into and absorb by cupola well (8) cylinder body；When cunning separates lead oxide film from fusion of lead surface
It penetrates into cupola well (8), exposes new fusion of lead surface and be oxidized again, the lead oxide film of the molten just generated is again by cupola well
(8) cylinder body, which penetrates into, absorbs, and so constantly repeatedly, thick electrum is gradually concentrated；
Since lead oxide is absorbed by cupola well (8) cylinder body, it will appear a red annulus, position around cupola well (8) inner surface
Just on fusion of lead；
3) color and flash stage are dazzled
Temperature is increased before refinement oxide process will terminate, last temperature should reach 1100 DEG C；With thick electrum
It is gradually concentrated, the continuous reduction of fusion of lead, the ratio of gold and silver increases；The proportional components of silver increase, and stay in cupola well (8) the bottom of a pan center
Electrum the phenomenon that being presented on rotation in cupola well (8) and with dazzling color like rainbow shape；Dazzle color continue several seconds it
Afterwards, color disappears, and particle is dimmed immediately, and finally glittering is primary brilliant on particle after clock every few seconds, and phosphere occur indicates thick
Contained fusion of lead is fully oxidized to lead oxide by the absorption of cupola well (8) cylinder body in electrum, and refinement oxide came to an end already, just
The refining electrum that cupola well (8) the bottom of a pan center can be will be left in takes out；
Impurity in above-mentioned thick electrum is also also oxidized during refinement oxide, the sequencing that they are aoxidized, and each
The formation calorific value of kind metal oxide is related with the size of free energy；Zinc, tin, iron, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, the calorific value of antimony and free energy row
Before lead, bismuth, copper, the heat content of tellurium and free energy are come after lead；By calorific value and the successively oxidation of free energy sequence；Above-mentioned impurity
The oxide generated in refinement oxide, some escape (such as As in gas2O3、Sb2O3), some oxides can be dissolved in oxygen
Change in lead (such as copper oxide), is removed as lead oxide is also absorbed into cupola well (8) cylinder body.
2. a kind of precious metal alloys according to claim 1 purify process of enriching, it is characterised in that: the refinement oxide
In the process, the 1.5% of the total lead oxide weight of the lead oxide Zhan fallen in gaseous volatilization；98.5% lead oxide is by porous cupola well (8)
Cylinder body, which penetrates into, to be absorbed.
3. a kind of refinement oxide furnace for purifying enrichment gold and silver for precious metal alloys；Including by furnace wall (1), furnace roof (2) and furnace bottom
(3) the tunnel furnace body constructed by；It is characterized by: being furnace cavity (4) above tunnel furnace interior；Furnace wall (1) side has
Lead to the flue (5) in furnace cavity (4), flue delivery outlet connects dust-precipitator through condenser system；Furnace wall (1) other side, which has, to be led to
Blast orifice (6) in furnace cavity (4), blast orifice (6) connect air blower outside；Equipped with natural gas burning spray on above-mentioned furnace roof (2)
Nozzle (7)；Cupola well (8), cupola well seat (9) and movable siege (10), the moving trolley of movable siege are equipped with below above-mentioned furnace cavity (4)
It walks on the track (12) that wheel (11) can be laid in the furnace bottom (3) below above-mentioned tunnel furnace interior, cupola well (8) cylinder body
It is mounted in cupola well seat (9), cupola well seat (9) is built on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege (10), allows cupola well (8) cylinder body phase
Furnace cavity (4) is moved；
The furnace roof (2) and furnace wall (1) are built into clay refractory brick；
The cupola well seat (9) is made of shield frame and frame bottom, protect frame high-alumina brick or clay it is brick go out, frame bottom is with smooth
Magnesia brick is built on the steel plate bed surface of movable siege (10), is packed into the loess of 20 mesh of sieving in shield frame bottom, and ramming is at soil layer
The pot type pit foundation of 200~300mm of thickness, pot type pit foundation depth are 100~200mm, outside size and cupola well (8) cylinder body
Table matches；
The cupola well (8) is circle pot bottom-shape, can be cement cupola well (8) or magnesia cupola well (8).
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| CN110760688A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-07 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for deeply removing impurities and enriching precious metals in complex lead-bismuth alloy |
| TWI699504B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-21 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Apparatus for producing direct reduced iron via carbothermic reduction reaction |
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| CN110760688A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-07 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for deeply removing impurities and enriching precious metals in complex lead-bismuth alloy |
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