TWI699504B - Apparatus for producing direct reduced iron via carbothermic reduction reaction - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a direct reduced iron via carbothermic reduction reaction. The apparatus comprises a supporting carrier and a carbothermic reduction furnace. The supporting carrier includes at least one hearth. And, the pellets containers are positioned on a top surface of the hearth. The carbothermic reduction furnace includes top burners, side burner, a reduction gas outlet and a furnace door. The top burners and the side burner are configured to provide required heat for heating the furnace and the carbothermic reduction reaction. Gases generated from the carbothermic reduction reaction and combustion of fuel gases are discharged through the off-gas outlet. The furnace door is configured to contain the hearths to perform the reduction reaction of pellets in the supporting units on the hearths, thereby producing direct reduced iron.

Description

Equipment for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction

The present invention relates to a direct reduced iron (Direct Reduced Iron; DRI) production equipment, and particularly provides a direct reduced iron production equipment through a thermal carbon reduction reaction.

The blast furnace ironmaking technology is currently the most efficient commercial ironmaking technology. The blast furnace ironmaking technology adds sinter containing iron ore and coke to the blast furnace for reduction and high-temperature melting. Obtain molten iron, and then make steel materials that can meet various needs. Most of the iron ore in the blast furnace is produced by the sintering process, and the coke is produced by the coking process of metallurgical coal. Although the carbon dioxide emissions of blast furnace ironmaking technology have approached the theoretical minimum, environmental protection regulations have become increasingly strict, and both the sintering process and the coking process require huge pollution prevention costs.

In order to meet the requirements of green production and energy saving, carbothermic reduction ironmaking technology that does not require coking and sintering processes is devoted to research and development. In addition, hot carbon reduction smelting Iron technology can directly use coal (including non-metallurgical coal or biomass coal, etc.) and iron ore raw materials (including low-grade fine iron ore or iron and steel plant solids, etc.) as starting materials to provide a larger process elasticity. Among them, because the thermal carbon reduction ironmaking technology uses coal as a reducing agent to directly reduce iron ore raw materials, the thermal carbon reduction ironmaking technology has relatively simple equipment and technology, and has low carbon emissions, energy consumption and pollution. The advantages of high volume and high yield.

However, the conventional hot carbon reduction ironmaking technology equipment is mostly laboratory-level small high-temperature test furnaces, and cannot accurately simulate the parameter conditions of commercial conversion equipment. Secondly, the heat transfer method of the conventional high-temperature test furnace to the raw materials cannot correspond to the commercial conversion process, so the obtained reaction parameters cannot be used as reference information during the construction of large-scale equipment. In addition, the furnace atmosphere of the conventional high-temperature test furnace is different from the gas atmosphere of commercial conversion equipment, so it cannot show the reduction of high-layer pellets (the pellets with a stack height of not less than 40 mm) in the hot carbon reduction furnace .

In view of this, it is urgent to provide a test equipment that simulates the thermal carbon reduction reaction, so as to increase the possibility of the conversion of equipment manufacturers that produce direct reduced iron from the thermal carbon reduction reaction.

Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a test equipment for simulating the thermal carbon reduction reaction, which reduces pellet raw materials by a thermal carbon reduction furnace equipped with a furnace top burner, a furnace side burner and a sensing element Reaction, and can simulate the process parameters of each section of the tunnel kiln, thereby enhancing the possibility of direct reduction iron trader conversion.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a test device for simulating thermal carbon reduction reaction is provided. This test equipment includes a loading trolley and a hot carbon reduction furnace. The supporting trolley has at least one hearth. The top surface of each hearth is provided with a first supporting unit and an adjacent second supporting unit, and the first supporting unit and the second supporting unit are respectively provided with temperature sensing elements. The hot carbon reduction furnace includes at least one furnace top burner, furnace side burner, tail gas outlet, furnace door and at least one sensing element. The furnace top burner is arranged on the inner top surface of the hot carbon reduction furnace, and the furnace side burner is arranged on the first inner side surface of the hot carbon reduction furnace. The exhaust gas outlet is opposite to the furnace side burner, and the furnace door is opposite to at least one furnace top burner. At least one of the hearth is accommodated in the furnace door. Among them, compared with the second receiving unit, the first receiving unit is closer to the furnace side burner. The sensing elements are respectively arranged on the second inner side surface of the thermal carbon reduction furnace, wherein the second inner side surface is adjacent to the first inner side surface.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the aforementioned at least one hearth is arranged on the seat.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned seat has a tight groove.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, each of the aforementioned furnace top burners is a flat flame burner.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned furnace-side burner is a flat flame burner.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the aforementioned thermal carbon reduction furnace is provided with a refractory lining.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned sensing element is configured to measure the temperature, pressure and/or gas composition of the thermal carbon reduction furnace.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned test equipment further includes a program-controlled computer unit, and the program-controlled computer unit includes a main furnace temperature monitoring element, a furnace top air-fuel ratio control element, and a furnace side air-fuel ratio control element. The main furnace temperature monitoring component signal is connected to one of the sensing components, the top air-fuel ratio control component signal is connected to the main furnace temperature monitoring component, and the furnace side air-fuel ratio control component signal is connected to the main furnace temperature monitoring component. Wherein, the top air-fuel ratio control element is configured to control the air-fuel ratio of each top burner, and the furnace-side air-fuel ratio control element is configured to control the air-fuel ratio of the furnace-side burner.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, one of the aforementioned sensing elements is located above the second receiving unit.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned furnace top air-fuel ratio control element signal is connected to the furnace top air flow control element and the furnace top gas flow control element, and the furnace side air-fuel ratio control element signal is connected to the furnace side air flow control element And the gas flow control element on the furnace side.

The test equipment for simulating hot carbon reduction reaction of the present invention can simulate the one-dimensional heat transfer form of hot carbon reduction reaction, and can adjust the combustion of furnace top burner and furnace side burner by the measurement result of the sensing element The gas flow rate and air-fuel ratio can be used to simulate the process parameters of each section of commercial conversion equipment, and then the process conditions of continuous operation can be simulated, so the parameter conditions that can be applied to commercial conversion equipment can be obtained, and the direct reduction iron business can be improved. Possibility of transformation.

100‧‧‧Test equipment

200‧‧‧Hot Carbon Reduction Furnace

210‧‧‧Shell

210a‧‧‧Refractory lining

210b‧‧‧ Lining opening

211‧‧‧Inner top surface

213‧‧‧Inner bottom surface

215/217‧‧‧Inside

220/230‧‧‧Burner

240‧‧‧Exhaust gas outlet

250‧‧‧stove door

260/260a‧‧‧sensing element

270‧‧‧Casing

271‧‧‧Ontology

271a/273a‧‧‧Flange

271b/273b‧‧‧fixing hole

273‧‧‧Sleeve body

275‧‧‧Flange Gasket

277‧‧‧Casing upper cover

277a‧‧‧Opening

279‧‧‧Seal Ring

280a/280b‧‧‧Air inlet

300‧‧‧Material Trolley

300a‧‧‧direction

310‧‧‧Trolley

320/350‧‧‧hearth

330/360‧‧‧Seat

330a/360a‧‧‧Close groove

341/343‧‧‧Material unit

341a/343a‧‧‧Temperature sensor

341b/343b‧‧‧Pellet material

370‧‧‧Closed Unit

I/II/III‧‧‧Region

In order to have a more complete understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and its advantages, please refer to the following description and the corresponding drawings. Must be emphasized Yes, the various features are not drawn to scale and are for illustration purposes only. The contents of the relevant drawings are described as follows: [FIG. 1A] is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test device for simulating thermal carbon reduction reactions according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[FIG. 1B] is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[FIG. 1C] is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve for installing a sensing element on a thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[Fig. 1D] is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a supporting trolley according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] is a program control diagram of the thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention.

The manufacture and use of the embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below. However, it can be understood that the embodiments provide many applicable inventive concepts, which can be implemented in various specific contents. The specific embodiments discussed are for illustration only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1A, which is a cut-away schematic diagram of a test device for simulating thermal carbon reduction reactions according to some embodiments of the present invention. The test equipment 100 includes a hot carbon reduction furnace 200 and a loading trolley 300. The loading trolley 300 is used to carry the pellet raw materials 341b and 343b, and the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 can be used to perform the reduction reaction to obtain direct reduction. Iron (Direct Reduced Iron; DRI). The thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 and the material carrier 300 of the test equipment 100 are described in detail below.

Please refer to FIG. 1B, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention. The thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 includes a furnace body (not labeled), at least one furnace top burner 220, a furnace side burner 230, an exhaust gas outlet 240, a furnace door 250, and sensing elements 260 and 260a. It should be additionally noted that, as shown in FIG. 1B, the total number of the sensing elements 260 and 260a is 17, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can adjust the placement and number of the sensing elements 260 and 260a according to requirements. Secondly, there is no difference between the sensing element 260a and other sensing elements 260, and it is only used to represent the sensing element at a specific location. In other words, the component symbol "260a" is used to represent the sensing component disposed at a specific position.

The furnace body of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 includes a shell layer 210 and a refractory furnace lining 210a. The shell layer 210 can provide the mechanical strength of the furnace body, and can be used as a connection base for other components (such as the connection of the sensing element described later). The lining 210a can withstand the high temperature of the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 during the reduction reaction. Secondly, corresponding to the setting positions of the furnace top burner 220, the furnace side burner 230, the tail gas outlet 240, the furnace door 250, and the sensing elements 260 and 260a, the furnace body has corresponding openings. It is understandable that, in addition to the openings corresponding to the exhaust gas outlet 240 and the furnace door 250, although the furnace body still has the aforementioned other openings corresponding to the furnace top burner 220, the furnace side burner 230, and the sensing elements 260 and 260a, When the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 performs a reduction reaction, high-temperature heat energy will not escape from these other openings, and energy costs can be effectively reduced.

Generally speaking, the inner cavity of the furnace body of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 100 can be divided into three regions. They are respectively the upstream zone I for simulating the upstream atmosphere, the reaction zone II for the reduction reaction, and the tail gas zone III for exhaust gas. In some specific examples, in order to benefit the gas flow field, the upstream area I and the tail gas area III of the furnace body can be designed to be cone-shaped to reduce the gas flow rate and effectively increase the temperature of the inner cavity of the furnace body or accelerate the gas It can prevent the exhaust gas produced by the reaction or combustion from affecting the reduction reaction. Accordingly, along the gas flow direction (that is, the direction from the upstream area I to the exhaust gas area III), the distance between the walls of the inner cavity of the upstream area I of the furnace body can be gradually expanded, and the inner cavity of the furnace body’s exhaust gas area III The distance between the cavity walls can be tapered.

The furnace top burner 220 is arranged on the inner top surface 211 of the furnace body to provide heat energy required for the furnace body to raise temperature and reduce reaction. As shown in FIG. 1B, although the number of furnace top burners 220 is three, the present invention is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the number and position of the furnace top burner 220 are not particularly limited, and it only needs to ensure that the inner cavity of the furnace body can be uniformly heated. Preferably, the furnace top burner 220 is arranged in the reaction zone II to improve the utilization rate of heat energy. In some specific examples, in order to effectively increase the temperature of the furnace body, each furnace top burner 220 may be a flat flame burner (FFB). In some application examples, the temperature of the reaction furnace of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 can be adjusted by adjusting the flow of gas to the top burner 220, and the oxidation atmosphere of the reaction zone II of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 can be adjusted by The air-fuel ratio of the furnace top burner 220 can be adjusted to effectively reduce the pellet raw materials.

The furnace door 250 is arranged on the inner bottom surface 213 opposite to the furnace top burner 220, and as shown in FIG. 1A, the hearth 320 of the loading trolley 300 is accommodated in The furnace door 250. In other words, the hearth 320 of the loading trolley 300 can pass through the furnace door 250 and be accommodated in the refractory lining 210 a corresponding to the recessed position of the furnace door 250. Accordingly, when the pellet raw materials 341b and 343b carried by the loading trolley 300 undergo a reduction reaction, the loading trolley 300 is closely combined with the furnace body to close the furnace door 250, and the heat energy in the inner cavity of the furnace body can be avoided This escape effectively prevents external air from leaking into the inner cavity of the furnace body and reduces the efficiency of the reduction reaction.

Please continue to refer to Figure 1B. The aforementioned furnace-side burner 230 is arranged on the inner side 215 of the furnace body to simulate the gas atmosphere after the upstream gas is burned, and to provide the heat energy required for the furnace body to heat up. In some specific examples, the furnace side burner 230 may be a flat flame burner. In some application examples, by adjusting the air-fuel ratio and gas flow rate of the furnace-side burner 230, the flow rate and atmosphere of the upstream gas can be adjusted to simulate the oxidizing atmosphere of the upstream gas.

The exhaust gas outlet 240 is arranged on the inner side surface 217 of the furnace body and is opposite to the furnace side burner 230. Among them, the furnace top burner 220 and the furnace side burner 230 and the gas generated by the reduction reaction can be discharged through the tail gas outlet 240, which can prevent the reduced pellets from being reoxidized.

The sensing elements 260 and 260a are arranged on the inner side of the furnace body to measure the temperature and/or pressure of the furnace inner cavity, and the measurement result can be used to adjust the furnace top burner 220 and the furnace side burner 230 Flow rate and/or air-fuel ratio to enhance the efficiency of the reduction reaction. Among them, in order to obtain a better sensing effect and to effectively monitor the temperature and/or pressure of each section of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200, the sensing elements 260 and 260a are not disposed on the inner sides 215 and 217. Secondly, since the upstream region I is used to simulate the upstream gas atmosphere, the sensing elements 260 and 260a are preferably not disposed in the upstream region I. Due to the reaction area II is mainly used to reduce the pellet raw materials 341b and 343b carried by the carrier 300 in FIG. 1A, so most of the sensing elements 260 and 260a are arranged in the reaction zone II to monitor the reduction in real time. The reaction parameters of the reaction. In addition, the gas generated by the reduction reaction can be further used to determine the status of the reduction reaction, and the gas generated by the top burner 220 and the furnace side burner 230 can be used to determine the combustion status and the status of the reduction reaction. The measuring element 260 is arranged in the exhaust gas area III to monitor the temperature and/or pressure of the exhaust gas. In some embodiments, the sensing elements 260 and 260a may be thermometers and/or Pitot tubes.

In some embodiments, the sensing elements 260 can be used to measure the temperature and/or pressure of the furnace cavity, and these sensing elements 260 can also be used to measure the gas composition at the same time, or they can also be used to measure the gas composition. The sensing part to monitor the reduction reaction more accurately. In these embodiments, the sensing elements 260 and 260a or the additional sensing part may be a gas chemical composition analyzer.

Please refer to FIG. 1C, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve for installing a sensing element on a thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention. The sleeve 270 is arranged on the shell 210 of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200. In some embodiments, the sleeve 270 can be fixed to the shell 210 by screwing, welding, or other suitable methods. The casing 270 includes a body 271, a casing body 273, a casing upper cover 277, a flange gasket 275 and a sealing ring 279, wherein the flange gasket 275 is arranged between the body 271 and the casing body 273, and the sealing ring 279 is arranged Between the casing body 273 and the casing upper cover 277. The body 271 has a body flange 271a, and the sleeve body 273 has a sleeve flange 273a, wherein the body flange 271a and the sleeve flange 273a respectively have corresponding fixing holes 271b and 273b. The main body 271 is disposed on the shell 210, and the main body 271 and the sleeve body 273 can be combined by additional fixing elements, wherein the fixing elements pass through the fixing holes 271b of the main body flange 271a and the sleeve flange 273a.孔273b. The casing upper cover 277 can be screwed on the casing body 273. In some embodiments, the casing upper cover 277 can be installed on the casing body 273 by tight fitting, clamping, other suitable methods, or any combination of the above methods.

Along the direction from the outside of the hot carbon reduction furnace to the inner cavity, the sensing element provided in the sleeve 270 can sequentially pass through the opening 277a of the upper cover 277, the sealing ring 279, the sleeve body 273, and the flange gasket. The sheet 275, the body 271, the shell 210, the refractory furnace lining 210a and the furnace lining opening 210b extend toward the inner cavity until the sensing end of the sensing element is located in the measurement area. For example, in an embodiment in which the upper casing cover 277 is screwed on the casing body 273, the sensing element may first pass through the opening 277a and the sealing ring 279, and then the casing upper cover 277 is tightened. As a result, since the distance between the upper casing cover 277 and the casing body 273 is reduced, the sealing ring 279 can tightly tighten the sensing element to achieve a sealing effect, so that it can prevent outside air from flowing into the hot carbon reduction furnace 200, or avoid The high-temperature heat energy of the inner cavity is dissipated, thereby avoiding the reduction of the efficiency of the reduction reaction, and avoiding the external oxidizing atmosphere from re-oxidizing the direct reduced iron formed by the reduction reaction. It is understandable that, in other embodiments, the material of the sleeve 270 is an insulating material that can withstand high temperatures, or the lining opening 210b may have an appropriate design to prevent the heat from the cavity from escaping.

In some embodiments, the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 may optionally include a pressure reduction unit, and the pressure reduction unit can make the inner cavity of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 under a slight negative pressure to avoid the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 The gas or the gas produced by combustion leaks. In some specific examples, the gauge pressure of the negative pressure in the inner cavity of the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 may range from -2 mmH ₂ O to -5 mmH ₂ O.

Please refer to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 1D at the same time. FIG. 1D is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a supporting trolley according to some embodiments of the present invention. The loading trolley 300 includes a trolley 310 for carrying and conveying raw materials and at least one hearth 320 and 350 arranged on the trolley 310. In some embodiments, the hearths 320 and 350 of the loading trolley 300 can be set on the seats 330 and 360. Among them, the seats 330 and 360 may have close grooves 330a and 360a to improve the adhesion between the seat 330 of the supporting trolley 300 and the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 during the reduction reaction, or the seat 360 and Adhesion between 200 thermal carbon reduction furnaces. It should be particularly noted that the shell layer 210 adjacent to the furnace door 250 shown in FIG. 1B is only for illustration, so the adhesion structure corresponding to the adhesion grooves 330a and 360a is not explicitly shown, but this Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the invention pertains can set a corresponding adhesion structure on the shell 210 according to the adhesion grooves 330a and 360a. In other embodiments, the seats 330 and 360 can also have protruding structures for close contact, and the corresponding positions of the shell layer 210 have corresponding tight grooves, so that the seats 330 or 360 can be close to the hot carbon Reduction furnace 200.

The hearths 320 and 350 are made of materials that can withstand high temperatures. In some embodiments, the hearths 320 and 350 can be made of the same material as the refractory lining to prevent heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the hearths 320 and 350 are made of materials that can withstand high temperatures and can withstand thermal shock.

The top surface of the hearth 320 is provided with a first supporting unit 341 and an adjacent second supporting unit 343. The first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 are used to hold pellets 341b and 343b, respectively. Among them, can bear Subject to high-temperature heat and sudden temperature changes, the first material-bearing unit 341 and the second material-bearing unit 343 can be made of materials that are heat-resistant and heat-resistant and shock-resistant. In some specific examples, the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 may be crucibles. In some specific examples, in order to reduce the marginal effect of side heat transfer, the length and width of the first material receiving unit 341 and the second material receiving unit 343 are at least 50 cm. In this way, the heat transfer ratio from above the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 is much larger than the heat transfer ratio from the side, so the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 341 of the present invention The two-bearing unit 343 can effectively simulate the one-dimensional heat transfer form of the reduction reaction. Furthermore, in order to further reduce the heat transfer ratio from the side of the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343, the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 are aligned with the refractory lining 210a . In other words, the top surfaces of the sidewalls of the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 are aligned with the inner surface of the adjacent refractory lining 210a. In some embodiments, the top surfaces of the sidewalls of the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 may be slightly lower than the inner surface of the refractory lining 210a. In other embodiments, the top surfaces of the side walls of the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 may be slightly higher than the inner surface of the refractory lining 210a, but the difference between the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 The protruding height of the side wall does not affect the one-dimensional heat transfer form of the reduction reaction.

The first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 can be provided with temperature sensing elements 341a and 343a to measure the temperature of the pellet materials 341b and 343b during the reduction reaction. Among them, the temperature sensing elements 341a and 343a are preferably used to measure the temperature of each layer of the pellet materials 341b and 343b to obtain the temperature distribution and/or temperature history of the pellet materials 341b and 343b. Accurately measure the temperature of each layer of pellets and/or the temperature change during the reduction reaction of pellets.

In some embodiments, when the reduction reaction is to be performed, the loading trolley 300 first advances in the direction 300a until the hearth 320 is located below the furnace door 250. Then, the seat 330 of the supporting trolley 300 can be additionally provided with a lifting unit to lift the seat 330, so that the seat 330 can be tightly sealed with the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 through the tight groove 330a, thereby preheating the unmounted The first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 of pellet raw materials 341b and 343b. In some specific examples, the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 are preheated to 1100°C to 1300°C. After the preheating of the first supporting unit 341 and the second supporting unit 343 is completed, the base 330 is lowered, and the supporting trolley 300 moves forward in the direction 300a until the hearth 350 is located below the furnace door 250.

Next, the seat 360 is raised so that the seat 360 can close the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 through the tight groove 360a, so as to prevent cold air from being drawn into the hot carbon reduction furnace 200, thereby avoiding hot carbon reduction The temperature of the furnace 200 drops too fast. Secondly, the closed unit 370 provided on the hearth 350 can fill the recessed part of the furnace door 250 and help maintain the internal temperature of the hot carbon reduction furnace 200. Among them, in some embodiments, in order to prevent the closed unit 370 from breaking due to sudden temperature changes, the material of the closed unit 370 is a material that can withstand high temperature and thermal shock. At the same time, pellet raw materials 341b and 343b are put into the preheated first receiving unit 341 and second receiving unit 343, respectively. Among them, the pellet materials 341b and 343b can be laid in a high material layer (that is, the stack height of the pellet materials 341b and 343b is not less than 40 mm) placed in the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343.

Then, the platform 360 is lowered, and the loading trolley 300 moves forward in the direction opposite to the direction 300a. When the hearth 320 is located below the furnace door 250, the seat 330 is raised to close the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 through the close groove 330a, and is installed in the first receiving unit 341 and the second receiving unit 343 The pellet raw materials 341b and 343b can start the thermal carbon reduction reaction. After the direct reduced iron is produced (ie after the hot carbon reduction reaction is completed), the same as the previous steps, lower the seat 330, and use the seat 360 and the sealing groove 360a to seal the furnace door 250 to avoid hot carbon reduction The temperature of the furnace 200 drops too fast.

As shown in FIG. 1D, although the illustrated material carrier 300 has two hearths 320 and 350, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material carrier 300 can also have only one hearth . In this embodiment, the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 may have an additional enclosed structure, and when the hearth does not close the furnace door 250, the closed structure is used to close the furnace door 250, so as to avoid the hot carbon reduction furnace 200 The temperature drops sharply.

In some embodiments, the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 may optionally have a lifting device to lift or lower the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200, so the base 330 and the base 360 are fixed on the trolley 310 of the material carrier 300. In other embodiments, both the thermal carbon reduction furnace 200 and the loading trolley 300 are equipped with lifting devices, so that the equipment configuration can be more flexible. In some embodiments, depending on how the equipment is built, the aforementioned material-bearing trolley 300 can be replaced by a conveyor belt, or replaced by other suitable conveying methods, to transport pellet materials.

It should be additionally noted that although the aforementioned pellet materials 341b and 343b are laid in a high material layer, the present invention is not limited to this. In an embodiment, the stack height of the pellet materials 341b and 343b can also be less than 40 mm.

Please refer to Figure 1A. When the reduction reaction is performed, the first receiving unit 341 is closer to the furnace side burner 230 than the second receiving unit 343. Accordingly, the first receiving unit 341 may be referred to as an upstream receiving unit, and the second receiving unit 343 may be referred to as a downstream receiving unit. Among them, the upstream receiving unit is used to simulate the gas flow atmosphere of the upstream trolley reaction of the tunnel furnace, and the downstream receiving unit is the main reaction material bed.

In order to accurately monitor the reaction situation of the main reaction material bed (that is, the pellet material 343b of the second receiving unit 343), the sensing element 260a is arranged above the main reaction material bed. Preferably, in order to more accurately monitor the reaction parameters of the reduction reaction, the sensing element 260a can be arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the reaction zone II of the furnace body. Accordingly, in some embodiments, when the reduction reaction is performed, the position of the second receiving unit 343 is approximately located directly below the center position of the inner cavity of the reaction zone II.

According to the foregoing description, in order to effectively monitor the reaction conditions of the pellet materials 341b and 343b, the sensing element 260 can be arranged in the reaction zone II according to requirements to measure the temperature gradient and/or pressure gradient of the reaction zone II.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which shows a program control diagram of a thermal carbon reduction furnace according to some embodiments of the present invention. Among them, air is introduced through the air inlet 280a, and gas (such as natural gas) is introduced through the air inlet 280b. TC3221 is the main furnace temperature monitoring element, FC3221 is the furnace top gas flow control element, and FRC3121 is the furnace top Air-fuel ratio control element, FC3121 is the furnace top air flow control element, FRC3211 is the furnace side and furnace top gas flow control element, FC3211 is the furnace side gas flow control element, FRC3111 is the furnace side air-fuel ratio control element, and FC3111 is the furnace side air flow control element. Among them, the TC3221 signal is connected to the sensing element 260a and FC3221, the FC3221 signal is connected to FRC3121 and FRC3211, the FRC3121 signal is connected to FC3121, the FRC3211 signal is connected to FC3211, the FC3211 signal is connected to FRC3111, and the FRC3111 signal is connected to FC3111. Secondly, FC3221 signal is connected to FCV-3221 (furnace top gas flow control valve), FC3121 signal is connected to FCV-3121 (furnace top air flow control valve), FC3211 signal is connected to FCV-3211 (furnace side gas flow control valve), and FC3111 signal is connected to FCV-3111 (furnace side air flow control valve).

The measurement result of the sensing element 260a can be sent to TC3221, and according to the difference between the measurement result and the set parameters, TC3221 can send a signal to FC3221 to control the opening of FCV-3221. Then, according to the gas flow rate of the stove top (that is, the opening degree of FCV-3221), FC3221 can send signals to FRC3121 and FRC3211, and can obtain the corresponding air flow rate according to the air-fuel ratio of the set stove top burner. Set the gas ratio between the furnace side and the furnace top to obtain the corresponding gas flow on the furnace side. Furthermore, FC3121 can adjust the opening of FCV-3121 (that is, the air flow rate on the top of the furnace), and FC3211 can adjust the opening of FCV-3211 (that is, the gas flow on the furnace side). According to the gas flow on the furnace side, FC3211 can send a signal to FRC3111, and the corresponding air flow can be obtained according to the set air-fuel ratio of the furnace side burner, and then the opening of FCV-3111 can be adjusted by FC3111.

In this way, with the measurement of the sensing element 260a, the thermal carbon reduction furnace of the present invention can automatically reduce the pellet raw materials to produce direct reduced iron.

In some application examples, by automated program control, the batch gas test furnace of the present invention can simulate the temperature of each section of a tunnel furnace (Tunnel Furance; TF), and can accurately simulate the commercial conversion equipment. Operating parameters. According to the set heating rate, the setting value of the proportional unit of the PID control parameter (proportional-integral-derivative control parameter) of the present invention can be 0.1 to 2, and the setting value of the integral unit can be 10 to 100, and the derivative The unit is not set, but the heating rate of each section of the tunnel furnace can be simulated and adjusted. Among them, the gentler control parameter corresponds to a slower heating rate, and vice versa corresponds to a faster heating rate.

For example, by the PID control of the program operation, the batch gas test furnace of the present invention (ie, the thermal carbon reduction furnace of the present invention) can be simulated as a tunnel furnace divided into 10 sections. Among them, the initial temperature of the hot carbon reduction furnace is set to 1000°C, and the PID control parameters of each zone, the set time and temperature, and the flow ratio of the furnace side are shown in Table 1 respectively.

According to the foregoing description, the test equipment for simulating the thermal carbon reduction reaction of the present invention can be a batch gas test furnace, and can simulate the temperature of each section of the tunnel kiln. Secondly, the operating parameters obtained from the batch gas test furnace can also be directly applied to commercial conversion equipment (such as tunnel kilns or rotary hearth furnaces). Among them, the test equipment of the present invention can use the hot carbon reduction furnace to reduce the pellet raw materials carried by the loading trolley to obtain direct reduced iron.

Furthermore, the thermal carbon reduction furnace of the test equipment of the present invention is provided with at least one furnace top burner, furnace side burner and sensing element, which can effectively simulate the thermal carbon reduction reaction, and thus can produce direct reduced iron. Among them, by the measurement result of the sensing element and the setting of the program control, the gas flow of the furnace top burner and the furnace side burner can be adjusted, and the parameters of the reaction zone of the hot carbon reduction furnace (for example: temperature And/or gas atmosphere, etc.), so it can accurately simulate the parameters of commercial conversion equipment.

Secondly, the material-bearing unit of the material-bearing trolley of the present invention can be housed in the door of the hot carbon reduction furnace, and can effectively block the heat energy transmitted from the side wall of the material-bearing unit, thereby simulating the one-dimensional heat transfer of the reaction bed It is suitable for the production of direct reduced iron by using iron-carbon composite pellets of high material layer, so the test equipment of the present invention can improve the possibility of direct reduction iron trader conversion.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Retouching, therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application.

100‧‧‧Test equipment

200‧‧‧Hot Carbon Reduction Furnace

210‧‧‧Shell

210a‧‧‧Refractory lining

220/230‧‧‧Burner

240‧‧‧Exhaust gas outlet

260/260a‧‧‧sensing element

300‧‧‧Material Trolley

310‧‧‧Trolley

320‧‧‧hearth

330‧‧‧Seat

341/343‧‧‧Material unit

341a/343a‧‧‧Temperature sensor

341b/343b‧‧‧Pellet material

I/II/III‧‧‧Region

Claims (10)

A device for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, comprising: a supporting trolley having at least one hearth, wherein a top surface of each at least one hearth is provided with a first supporting unit and an adjacent one The second receiving unit, and the first receiving unit and the second receiving unit are respectively provided with a temperature sensing element; and a hot carbon reduction furnace, including: at least one furnace top burner arranged in the hot carbon reduction An inner top surface of the furnace; a furnace side burner arranged on a first inner side of the hot carbon reduction furnace; an exhaust gas outlet opposite to the furnace side burner; a furnace door opposite to the at least one furnace roof A burner, and one of the at least one hearth can be accommodated in the furnace door, wherein the first receiving unit is closer to the furnace side burner than the second receiving unit; and at least one sensing element , Are respectively arranged on a second inner side of the thermal carbon reduction furnace, wherein the second inner side is adjacent to the first inner side. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the equipment for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein each of the at least one hearth is set on a table. As described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, the equipment for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein the seat has a tight groove. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the equipment for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein each of the at least one furnace top burner is a flat flame burner (FFB). As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the equipment for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein the furnace-side burner is a flat flame burner. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the device for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein one of the internal surfaces of the thermal carbon reduction furnace is provided with a refractory lining. According to the first item of the scope of patent application, the device for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein the at least one sensing element is configured to measure the temperature, pressure and/or gas composition of the thermal carbon reduction furnace. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the device for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein the device further includes a program-controlled computer unit, and the program-controlled computer unit includes: A main furnace temperature monitoring element, a signal connected to one of the at least one sensing element; a furnace top air-fuel ratio control element, a signal connected to the main furnace temperature monitoring element, wherein the furnace top air-fuel ratio control element is configured to control each The air-fuel ratio of the at least one furnace top burner; and a furnace-side air-fuel ratio control element connected to the main furnace temperature monitoring element, wherein the furnace-side air-fuel ratio control element is configured to control the air-fuel ratio of the furnace-side burner. The device for producing direct reduced iron via thermal carbon reduction reaction as described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the one of the at least one sensing element is located above the second receiving unit. As described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, the device for producing direct reduced iron through thermal carbon reduction reaction, wherein the top air-fuel ratio control element signal is connected to a top air flow control element and a top gas flow control element, and The furnace side air-fuel ratio control element signal connects a furnace side air flow control element and a furnace side gas flow control element.

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